CN111193312A - Charger and charging method - Google Patents

Charger and charging method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111193312A
CN111193312A CN201811351406.9A CN201811351406A CN111193312A CN 111193312 A CN111193312 A CN 111193312A CN 201811351406 A CN201811351406 A CN 201811351406A CN 111193312 A CN111193312 A CN 111193312A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
converter
battery
voltage
current
output
Prior art date
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Withdrawn
Application number
CN201811351406.9A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
张颖奇
曹伟杰
宋晋峰
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
LG Electronics Shanghai Research and Development Center Co Ltd
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LG Electronics Shanghai Research and Development Center Co Ltd
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Publication date
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Priority to CN201811351406.9A priority Critical patent/CN111193312A/en
Publication of CN111193312A publication Critical patent/CN111193312A/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/02—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from ac mains by converters
    • H02J7/04—Regulation of charging current or voltage
    • H02J7/06—Regulation of charging current or voltage using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a charger and a charging method, wherein the charger comprises: the controller, the AC/DC converter, the DC/DC converter and the battery, wherein the AC side of the AC/DC converter is connected with an AC power grid, and the DC/DC converter is connected between the DC side of the AC/DC converter and the battery in series; the controller is connected with the AC/DC converter, the DC/DC converter and the battery respectively and used for obtaining a first voltage output by the DC side of the AC/DC converter, a second voltage at two ends of the battery and a battery current and adjusting the output voltage and the output current of the DC/DC converter according to the first voltage, the second voltage and the battery current. The invention realizes the purposes of reducing the volume and the cost of the charger.

Description

Charger and charging method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of charging, in particular to a charger and a charging method.
Background
This section is intended to provide a background or context to the embodiments of the invention that are recited in the claims. The description herein is not admitted to be prior art by inclusion in this section.
With the shortage of energy and the increasing increase of environmental pollution, electric vehicles are gradually popularized in daily life of people due to the advantages of energy conservation, environmental protection and the like. Since the power source of the electric vehicle is a battery, the vehicle-mounted charging technology is an important research subject in the field of electric vehicles. The principle of battery charging is that an AC/DC module is used for converting alternating current into direct current electric energy, current harmonics at an input end are reduced to meet the standard, and then the DC/DC module is used for controlling the current and voltage of battery charging to meet the charging characteristics of the battery.
At present, the existing vehicle-mounted charger mainly has two modes: one is to adopt an independent charger, namely to adopt AC/DC and DC/DC two-stage conversion, this kind of mode is limited by volume and cost influence, the power that can be provided mostly is in 3.3 kilowatts and 6.6 kilowatts, reach 20 kilowatts separately; the other is that the battery is charged by using an inverter for driving the motor on the vehicle and additionally adding DC/DC, and the AC/DC function is realized by using the vehicle-mounted inverter, and the power of the inverter can reach 40 kilowatts.
In the existing vehicle-mounted charger, both AC/DC and DC/DC are full-power conversion, so that the vehicle-mounted charger has the problems of large volume and high cost.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a charger, which is used for solving the technical problems of large volume and high cost of the existing charger, and comprises: the method comprises the following steps: the controller, the AC/DC converter, the DC/DC converter and the battery, wherein the AC side of the AC/DC converter is connected with an AC power grid, and the DC/DC converter is connected between the DC side of the AC/DC converter and the battery in series; the controller is connected with the AC/DC converter, the DC/DC converter and the battery respectively and used for obtaining a first voltage output by the DC side of the AC/DC converter, a second voltage at two ends of the battery and a battery current and adjusting the output voltage and the output current of the DC/DC converter according to the first voltage, the second voltage and the battery current.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a charging method, which is used for solving the technical problems of large volume and high cost of the existing charger, and the device comprises the following steps: acquiring a first voltage output by a direct current side of an AC/DC converter, a second voltage at two ends of a battery and a battery current; and controlling the output voltage and the output current of a DC/DC converter to charge the battery according to the first voltage, the second voltage and the battery current, wherein the DC/DC converter is connected between the direct current side of the AC/DC converter and the battery in series.
In the embodiment of the invention, the AC of the AC power grid is converted into the DC by the AC/DC converter, and the DC/DC converter is connected in series between the DC side of the AC/DC converter and the battery, so that the charging voltage and the charging current at two ends of the battery are regulated by controlling the output voltage and the output current of the DC/DC converter. The embodiment of the invention adopts the partial-power DC/DC converter, thereby realizing the purposes of reducing the volume and the cost of the charger.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a charger according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a vehicle-mounted charger provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a DC/DC converter provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of another DC/DC converter provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of an operating waveform of a DC/DC converter provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a flowchart of a charging method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the embodiments of the present invention are further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The exemplary embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are provided to explain the present invention, but not to limit the present invention.
The embodiment of the present invention provides a charger, and fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a charger provided in the embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 1, the charger includes: the controller, the AC/DC converter, the DC/DC converter and the battery, wherein the AC side of the AC/DC converter is connected with an AC power grid, and the DC/DC converter is connected between the DC side of the AC/DC converter and the battery in series; the controller is connected with the AC/DC converter, the DC/DC converter and the battery respectively and used for obtaining a first voltage output by the DC side of the AC/DC converter, a second voltage at two ends of the battery and a battery current and adjusting the output voltage and the output current of the DC/DC converter according to the first voltage, the second voltage and the battery current.
It should be noted that the charger provided by the embodiment of the present invention may be applied to charging any battery device. As an alternative embodiment, the embodiment of the present invention is described by taking an electric vehicle as an example.
As shown in fig. 1, the embodiment of the present invention converts an alternating current of an alternating current grid into a direct current through an AC/DC converter, and connects the DC/DC converter in series between a direct current side of the AC/DC converter and a battery, so as to adjust a charging voltage and a charging current of the battery by controlling an output voltage and an output current of the DC/DC converter.
For example, if the output voltage of the DC side of the AC/DC converter is 600V and the charging voltage of the battery is 400V, the voltage across the DC/DC converter is 200V, and the power thereof is 50% of the charging power, so that compared with a full-power DC/DC converter, the size of a charger, especially the size and cost of a high-power charger (e.g., a vehicle-mounted charger) can be greatly reduced.
Taking an electric vehicle as an example, because an inverter used for driving a motor on the electric vehicle is a bidirectional converter, and the alternating current side of the vehicle-mounted inverter is connected with the motor, the conversion from direct current to alternating current can be realized; the alternating current side of the vehicle-mounted inverter is connected with an alternating current power grid, so that conversion from alternating current to direct current can be realized. Therefore, in order to further reduce the volume and cost of the vehicle-mounted charger, as an alternative implementation mode, the AC/DC converter used by the charger in the embodiment of the invention may be a vehicle-mounted inverter used for driving a motor on an electric vehicle. The controller is also used for controlling a contactor between the vehicle-mounted inverter and the motor to be disconnected and connecting the alternating current side of the vehicle-mounted inverter to the alternating current power grid under the condition that the electric vehicle is in a charging state. A motor on the vehicle is used for driving an inverter to realize the first-stage AC/DC conversion, and then a DC/DC with partial power is connected in series to realize the quick charging of the battery. The conventional AC/DC converter is omitted, and the volume, weight and cost of the vehicle-mounted charger are reduced because the DC/DC is part of power conversion.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a vehicle-mounted charger provided in an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 2, a vehicle-mounted inverter rectifies three-phase alternating current into direct current voltage, and then is connected in series with a DC/DC converter to adjust the voltage, so as to charge a battery.
As a first optional implementation manner, the DC/DC converter used by the charger according to the embodiment of the present invention may be a DC/DC converter isolated by a high-frequency transformer, where a primary side and a secondary side of the high-frequency transformer both adopt a full-bridge structure, and the primary side and the secondary side both have four power semiconductor switches.
For example, fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a DC/DC converter according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 3, the DC/DC converter isolated by a high-frequency transformer is used to convert a voltage on a DC side of an AC/DC converter (e.g., a vehicle-mounted inverter) into a DC voltage across a battery, where a primary side and a secondary side of the high-frequency transformer are both in a full-bridge structure, the primary side has four power semiconductor switches, and the secondary side also uses four power semiconductor switches. The four power semiconductor switches on the primary side realize the inversion function of converting direct current into alternating current; the four power semiconductor switches on the secondary side realize the rectification function of converting alternating current into direct current.
For example, when three-phase 380V ac power is input as ac power to the vehicle-mounted inverter, the DC side voltage thereof is about 600V, and a DC/DC converter is connected in series between the DC side of the vehicle-mounted inverter and the vehicle-mounted battery in order to match the voltages at both ends of the vehicle-mounted battery. It is readily noted that the DC/DC circuit shown in fig. 3 has a bidirectional power flow feature, which can be used for charging and discharging the battery. Optionally, all switches can work under the soft switching working condition, the loss of turn-on and turn-off is small, and high frequency and reduction of the size of the converter are facilitated.
As a second optional implementation manner, the DC/DC converter used by the charger according to the embodiment of the present invention is a DC/DC converter isolated by using a high-frequency transformer, where a primary side and a secondary side of the high-frequency transformer both use a half-bridge structure, and the primary side and the secondary side respectively have two power semiconductor switches and two capacitors. The two power semiconductor switches and the two capacitors on the primary side realize the inversion function of converting direct current into alternating current; the two power semiconductor switches and the two capacitors on the secondary side realize the rectification function of converting alternating current into direct current.
For example, fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of another DC/DC converter provided in the embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 4, the primary side and the secondary side of the high-frequency transformer are both implemented by using a half-bridge circuit (i.e., two switches and a capacitor), which can reduce the number of switches compared to a full-bridge structure.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an operating waveform of a DC/DC converter provided in an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 5, V1Is the voltage, V, after switching on and off the primary side2Is the voltage before the secondary rectifier, iLThe inductor current (primary inductor current versus secondary inductor current is related to the number of turns on the primary and secondary of the transformer) is shown. By varying V1And V2I.e. the output voltage and the output current of the DC/DC can be changed.
An embodiment of the present invention further provides a charging method, which may be applied to, but not limited to, the controller shown in fig. 1, fig. 6 is a flowchart of the charging method provided in the embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 6, the charging method includes the following steps:
s601, acquiring a first voltage output by a direct current side of the AC/DC converter, a second voltage at two ends of a battery and a battery current;
and S602, controlling the output voltage and the output current of a DC/DC converter to charge the battery according to the first voltage, the second voltage and the battery current, wherein the DC/DC converter is connected between the direct current side of the AC/DC converter and the battery in series.
It should be noted that, during the charging process of the battery, the voltage across the battery is dynamically changed in real time, that is, the second voltage is dynamically changed in real time, and therefore, the charging methods provided in the above S601 and S602 are also dynamically controlled.
As an alternative embodiment, the AC/DC converter may be an on-board inverter for driving a motor of an electric vehicle, and the battery is an on-board battery. Because the electric vehicle is static in a charging state, an inverter used for driving a motor on the electric vehicle can be used for converting alternating current of an alternating current power grid into direct current, and the size of a vehicle-mounted charger is further reduced.
Optionally, before S601, the method may further include: and under the condition that the electric vehicle is in a charging state, controlling a contactor between the vehicle-mounted inverter and the motor to be opened, and connecting the alternating current side of the vehicle-mounted inverter to an alternating current power grid.
As a first optional implementation manner, the DC/DC converter in the method embodiment is a DC/DC converter isolated by using a high-frequency transformer, where a primary side and a secondary side of the high-frequency transformer both use a full-bridge structure, the primary side has four power semiconductor switches, and the secondary side has four power semiconductor switches.
As a second alternative implementation, the DC/DC converter in the above method embodiment is a DC/DC converter isolated by a high-frequency transformer, where a primary side and a secondary side of the high-frequency transformer both adopt a half-bridge structure, the primary side has two power semiconductor switches and two capacitors, and the secondary side has two power semiconductor switches and two capacitors.
Regardless of the first embodiment or the second embodiment, the S602 may specifically include: and adjusting the phase difference between the primary side voltage and the secondary side voltage of the high-frequency transformer, and controlling the output voltage and the output current of the DC/DC converter to charge the battery.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present invention may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (11)

1. A charger, characterized by, includes: the system comprises a controller, an AC/DC converter, a DC/DC converter and a battery, wherein the AC side of the AC/DC converter is connected with an AC power grid, and the DC/DC converter is connected between the DC side of the AC/DC converter and the battery in series;
the controller is connected with the AC/DC converter, the DC/DC converter and the battery respectively, and is used for acquiring a first voltage output by the DC side of the AC/DC converter, a second voltage at two ends of the battery and a battery current, and regulating the output voltage and the output current of the DC/DC converter according to the first voltage, the second voltage and the battery current.
2. The charger according to claim 1, wherein said AC/DC converter is an on-board inverter for driving an electric motor in an electric vehicle.
3. The charger according to claim 2, wherein said controller is further configured to control a contactor between a vehicle-mounted inverter and the motor to open and connect an ac side of said vehicle-mounted inverter to an ac power grid when said electric vehicle is in a charging state.
4. The charger according to claim 1, wherein said DC/DC converter is a DC/DC converter isolated by a high-frequency transformer, wherein the primary side and the secondary side of said high-frequency transformer are both in a full-bridge configuration, and each of the primary side and the secondary side has four power semiconductor switches.
5. The charger according to claim 1, wherein said DC/DC converter is a DC/DC converter isolated by a high frequency transformer, wherein a primary side and a secondary side of said high frequency transformer both have a half-bridge structure, and each of said primary side and said secondary side has two power semiconductor switches and two capacitors.
6. A method of charging, comprising:
acquiring a first voltage output by a direct current side of an AC/DC converter, a second voltage at two ends of a battery and a battery current;
and controlling an output voltage and an output current of a DC/DC converter to charge the battery according to the first voltage, the second voltage and the battery current, wherein the DC/DC converter is connected between a direct current side of the AC/DC converter and the battery in series.
7. The charging method according to claim 6, wherein the AC/DC converter is an on-board inverter for driving a motor on an electric vehicle.
8. The charging method of claim 7, wherein prior to obtaining the first voltage output by the DC side of the AC/DC converter, the second voltage across the battery, and the battery current, the method further comprises:
and under the condition that the electric vehicle is in a charging state, controlling a contactor between a vehicle-mounted inverter and a motor to be disconnected, and connecting the alternating current side of the vehicle-mounted inverter to an alternating current power grid.
9. The charging method according to claim 6, wherein the DC/DC converter is a DC/DC converter isolated by a high frequency transformer, wherein the primary side and the secondary side of the high frequency transformer are in a full-bridge configuration, the primary side has four power semiconductor switches, and the secondary side has four power semiconductor switches.
10. The charging method according to claim 6, wherein the DC/DC converter is a DC/DC converter isolated by a high frequency transformer, wherein the primary side and the secondary side of the high frequency transformer both have a half-bridge structure, the primary side has two power semiconductor switches and two capacitors, and the secondary side has two power semiconductor switches and two capacitors.
11. The charging method according to claim 9 or 10, wherein controlling an output voltage and an output current of a DC/DC converter to charge the battery according to the first voltage, the second voltage, and the battery current comprises:
and adjusting the phase difference between the primary side voltage and the secondary side voltage of the high-frequency transformer, and controlling the output current and the output current of the DC/DC converter to charge the battery.
CN201811351406.9A 2018-11-14 2018-11-14 Charger and charging method Withdrawn CN111193312A (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201811351406.9A CN111193312A (en) 2018-11-14 2018-11-14 Charger and charging method

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201811351406.9A CN111193312A (en) 2018-11-14 2018-11-14 Charger and charging method

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2022135522A1 (en) * 2020-12-25 2022-06-30 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 Current control method and device, vehicle and storage medium

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2022135522A1 (en) * 2020-12-25 2022-06-30 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 Current control method and device, vehicle and storage medium

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