CN111193050A - Reforming high-temperature fuel cell system and starting method thereof - Google Patents

Reforming high-temperature fuel cell system and starting method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111193050A
CN111193050A CN201811350216.5A CN201811350216A CN111193050A CN 111193050 A CN111193050 A CN 111193050A CN 201811350216 A CN201811350216 A CN 201811350216A CN 111193050 A CN111193050 A CN 111193050A
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reformer
heat
galvanic pile
temperature
fuel
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CN201811350216.5A
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CN111193050B (en
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杨林林
高越
孙公权
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Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics of CAS
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Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics of CAS
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
    • H01M8/04268—Heating of fuel cells during the start-up of the fuel cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
    • H01M8/0606—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants
    • H01M8/0612—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants from carbon-containing material
    • H01M8/0618—Reforming processes, e.g. autothermal, partial oxidation or steam reforming
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a high-temperature fuel cell system for reforming fuel by quick start in a segmented mode and a start-up method thereof, wherein the system comprises a reformer I, a reformer II, a heat exchanger and a galvanic pile; reformer I includes a burner I and reformer II includes a burner II. Heating a fuel reformer in stages, wherein the fuel reformer comprises a reformer I and a reformer II; and the step of heating in stages is to heat the reformer I and then heat the reformer II by using the heat of the tail gas of the galvanic pile. By adopting the sectional heating, the heat of the electric pile is supplied to the fuel reformer which is not heated for heating, so that the utilization efficiency of the system energy is greatly improved, and the quick start of the system is realized.

Description

Reforming high-temperature fuel cell system and starting method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of high-temperature fuel cell systems, and particularly relates to a segmented quick-start fuel reforming high-temperature fuel cell system and a starting method thereof.
Technical Field
For high temperature fuel cell systems, an excessively long start-up time has been a key issue to be solved, wherein the main time of the warm-up phase is to heat the fuel reformer and the stack to the operating temperature simultaneously. The current start-up sequence of high temperature fuel cell systems is to simultaneously heat the stack and the fuel reformer in the system to operating temperatures by electrical heating and catalytic combustion, respectively. Due to the fact thatThe stack needs to be discharged with a small current before reaching the operating temperature point, and thus the fuel reformer needs to be heated to the actual operating temperature first. However, excessive H is not required for small current discharge2The feed, i.e. the fuel reformer, does not require full power to produce H2. Heating the overall fuel reformer to operating temperature would inevitably result in a waste of fuel and electricity.
Disclosure of Invention
Considering that the conventional temperature raising strategy has long normal discharge time after all components reach the rated working temperature, the fuel reformer is selected to be split into a plurality of parts to be heated respectively, the electric pile is not discharged at the rated power in the starting stage, and the electric pile also generates heat when being discharged from low power to the rated power, so that the invention considers that the fuel reformer with larger heat capacity is raised in sections, and ensures that the supply meets the H required by the electric pile in the starting stage2Namely, the surplus H of the anode tail gas of the galvanic pile is recycled2And a stack thermal cycle medium (air or heat transfer oil, etc.) provides heat for the remaining fuel reformers. Because the difference between the working temperature of the galvanic pile and the working temperature of the fuel reformer is about 100 ℃, part of heat is larger but the temperature is lower, and the heat cannot be absorbed by the reforming reaction originally, the heat generated by the galvanic pile can not be directly supplied to the fuel reformer in the system working process; under the starting strategy, the heat of the electric pile is provided for the fuel reformer which is not heated for heating, so that the utilization efficiency of the system energy is greatly improved, and the quick starting of the system is realized.
The invention relates to a starting method for a high-temperature fuel cell system by quickly starting a fuel reformer in a sectional manner. In a high-temperature fuel cell system, since the stack cannot be discharged at a rated power when the temperature is lower than the rated temperature, it is considered to shorten the start-up time of the cell system by not heating up all the fuel reformers. And in the process of waiting for the temperature of the galvanic pile to rise to the rated temperature, catalytic combustion is carried out by using a galvanic pile heat-radiating medium and the galvanic pile anode tail gas to heat the other part of the fuel reformer.
The following technical scheme is adopted specifically:
one aspect of the present invention provides a starting method for a reforming high-temperature fuel cell system, the starting method comprising: heating a fuel reformer in stages, wherein the fuel reformer comprises a reformer I and a reformer II; and the step of heating in stages is to heat the reformer I and then heat the reformer II by using the heat of the tail gas of the galvanic pile.
Based on the technical scheme, preferably, the electric pile and the reformer I are started, and a combustor (1) and electric heating are used for providing heat for the system; when the reformer I reaches the working temperature and the galvanic pile reaches the low-power operation temperature, starting a fuel pump of the reformer I to enable the system to work at low power, and providing a circulating medium for heat dissipation of the galvanic pile to exchange heat with the reformer II; and meanwhile, the anode tail gas of the galvanic pile is subjected to catalytic combustion in the combustor II, heat is provided for the reformer II, when the temperature of the reformer II is consistent with that of the galvanic pile, a galvanic pile heat-dissipation medium channel entering the reformer II is closed, and only the anode tail gas of the galvanic pile is subjected to catalytic combustion and continuously provided with a heat source for the reformer II. When the temperature of the electric pile and the temperature of the reformer II reach the respective rated working temperatures, opening the valve I and opening the fuel pump of the reformer II to provide H for the electric pile2Source, and system rated power output.
In another aspect, the present invention provides a reforming high temperature fuel cell system, the system comprising a reformer I, a reformer II, a heat exchanger, and a stack; reformer I includes a burner I and reformer II includes a burner II.
Based on the technical scheme, preferably, the system further comprises a valve I and a valve II, and the valve is used for controlling the tail gas of the galvanic pile to enter the reformer; the reformer I is controlled by a valve I; the reformer II is controlled by valve II.
Advantageous effects
In the original starting method, the time required for heating a set of 1kW high-temperature battery system to the working temperature (25 ℃) and discharging at rated power is about 30 minutes, and the power consumption is about 2kW · h. After the method is started, the heating time is shortened to 20-22 minutes, and the power consumption is about 1.4 kW.h. Greatly shortening the starting time and the power consumption.
By adopting the sectional heating, the heat of the electric pile is supplied to the fuel reformer which is not heated for heating, so that the utilization efficiency of the system energy is greatly improved, and the quick start of the system is realized.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a diagram of a high temperature fuel cell system of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the start-up sequence of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Example 1
A reforming high-temperature fuel cell system comprises a reformer I, a reformer II, a heat exchanger and a stack; the reformer I comprises a combustor I, and the reformer II comprises a combustor II; the reformer I is controlled by a valve I; the reformer II is controlled by valve II.
Example 2
First, the stack and reformer I are started normally, and the burner I and electrical heating are used to provide heat to the system. When the reformer I reaches the working temperature and the galvanic pile reaches the low-power operation temperature, the fuel pump of the reformer I is started to enable the system to work at low power. At the moment, heat exchange is carried out between the circulating medium for providing heat dissipation for the galvanic pile and the reformer II; and simultaneously opening a valve II, performing catalytic combustion in a combustor II by using the tail gas of the anode of the galvanic pile, and providing heat for a reformer II. And when the temperature of the reformer II is consistent with that of the galvanic pile, closing a galvanic pile heat-radiating medium channel entering the reformer II, and only retaining the catalytic combustion of the anode tail gas of the galvanic pile to continuously provide a heat source for the reformer II. When the temperature of the electric pile and the temperature of the reformer II reach the respective rated working temperatures, the valve I is opened and the fuel pump of the reformer II is opened to provide H for the electric pile2Source, and system rated power output.

Claims (4)

1. A method of starting a reforming high temperature fuel cell system, the method comprising: heating a fuel reformer in stages, wherein the fuel reformer comprises a reformer I and a reformer II; and the step of heating in stages is to heat the reformer I and then heat the reformer II by using the heat of the tail gas of the galvanic pile.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the first and second light sources are selected from the group consisting of,the method is characterized in that a galvanic pile and a reformer I are started, and a combustor I and electric heating are used for providing heat for a system; when the reformer I reaches the working temperature and the galvanic pile reaches the low-power operation temperature, starting a fuel pump of the reformer I to enable the system to work at low power, and providing a circulating medium for heat dissipation of the galvanic pile to exchange heat with the reformer II; meanwhile, the anode tail gas of the galvanic pile is introduced into a combustor II for catalytic combustion and provides heat for a reformer II, when the temperature of the reformer II is consistent with that of the galvanic pile, a galvanic pile heat-radiating medium channel entering the reformer II is closed, the anode tail gas of the galvanic pile is reserved for catalytic combustion to continuously provide a heat source for the reformer II, and when the temperature of the galvanic pile and the temperature of the reformer II reach respective rated working temperatures, a fuel pump of the reformer II is opened to provide H for the galvanic pile2Source, and system rated power output.
3. A reforming high-temperature fuel cell system, comprising a reformer I, a reformer II, a heat exchanger, and a stack; reformer I includes a burner I and reformer II includes a burner II.
4. The system of claim 3, further comprising a valve I and a valve II, wherein the valve is used for controlling the tail gas of the stack to enter the reformer; the reformer I is controlled by a valve I; the reformer II is controlled by valve II.
CN201811350216.5A 2018-11-14 2018-11-14 Reforming high-temperature fuel cell system and starting method thereof Active CN111193050B (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114220988A (en) * 2021-11-17 2022-03-22 清华大学 Solid oxide fuel cell power generation system

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CN101051690A (en) * 2007-05-10 2007-10-10 上海交通大学 Natural gas melting carbonate fuel cell generation system
US20080160367A1 (en) * 2005-04-05 2008-07-03 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Hydrogen Generation Device and Fuel Cell System Including Same
CN103887540A (en) * 2012-12-21 2014-06-25 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 Fuel feeding device of high temperature liquid fuel cell or cell stack
CN104025357A (en) * 2011-12-09 2014-09-03 德尔福技术有限公司 Method of operating a fuel cell system on low quality by-product gases
CN104229734A (en) * 2014-09-03 2014-12-24 深圳北纯能源科技有限公司 Reforming hydrogen production reactor and hydrogen production method
CN104716370A (en) * 2013-12-15 2015-06-17 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 High temperature liquid fuel cell system
CN104810535A (en) * 2015-05-04 2015-07-29 深圳伊腾得新能源有限公司 Reforming hydrogen generation fuel battery power generation module capable of effectively utilizing waste heat
CN105810978A (en) * 2016-05-26 2016-07-27 博源燃料电池(上海)有限公司 Dynamic response control method of output power of methanol reforming fuel cell
US20170331132A1 (en) * 2014-12-01 2017-11-16 Htceramix S.A. Sofc system and method of operating a sofc system
CN108649246A (en) * 2018-05-15 2018-10-12 张凯 Fuel hydrolyzes gasification and generation device and generating efficiency prediction technique

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20080160367A1 (en) * 2005-04-05 2008-07-03 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Hydrogen Generation Device and Fuel Cell System Including Same
CN101051690A (en) * 2007-05-10 2007-10-10 上海交通大学 Natural gas melting carbonate fuel cell generation system
CN104025357A (en) * 2011-12-09 2014-09-03 德尔福技术有限公司 Method of operating a fuel cell system on low quality by-product gases
CN103887540A (en) * 2012-12-21 2014-06-25 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 Fuel feeding device of high temperature liquid fuel cell or cell stack
CN104716370A (en) * 2013-12-15 2015-06-17 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 High temperature liquid fuel cell system
CN104229734A (en) * 2014-09-03 2014-12-24 深圳北纯能源科技有限公司 Reforming hydrogen production reactor and hydrogen production method
US20170331132A1 (en) * 2014-12-01 2017-11-16 Htceramix S.A. Sofc system and method of operating a sofc system
CN104810535A (en) * 2015-05-04 2015-07-29 深圳伊腾得新能源有限公司 Reforming hydrogen generation fuel battery power generation module capable of effectively utilizing waste heat
CN105810978A (en) * 2016-05-26 2016-07-27 博源燃料电池(上海)有限公司 Dynamic response control method of output power of methanol reforming fuel cell
CN108649246A (en) * 2018-05-15 2018-10-12 张凯 Fuel hydrolyzes gasification and generation device and generating efficiency prediction technique

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114220988A (en) * 2021-11-17 2022-03-22 清华大学 Solid oxide fuel cell power generation system

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