CN111189222A - High-temperature low-nitrogen combustion hot blast stove in high-speed hedging rotational flow premixing heat accumulator - Google Patents
High-temperature low-nitrogen combustion hot blast stove in high-speed hedging rotational flow premixing heat accumulator Download PDFInfo
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- CN111189222A CN111189222A CN202010164231.1A CN202010164231A CN111189222A CN 111189222 A CN111189222 A CN 111189222A CN 202010164231 A CN202010164231 A CN 202010164231A CN 111189222 A CN111189222 A CN 111189222A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H7/00—Storage heaters, i.e. heaters in which the energy is stored as heat in masses for subsequent release
- F24H7/02—Storage heaters, i.e. heaters in which the energy is stored as heat in masses for subsequent release the released heat being conveyed to a transfer fluid
- F24H7/04—Storage heaters, i.e. heaters in which the energy is stored as heat in masses for subsequent release the released heat being conveyed to a transfer fluid with forced circulation of the transfer fluid
- F24H7/045—Storage heaters, i.e. heaters in which the energy is stored as heat in masses for subsequent release the released heat being conveyed to a transfer fluid with forced circulation of the transfer fluid using fluid fuel
- F24H7/0458—Storage heaters, i.e. heaters in which the energy is stored as heat in masses for subsequent release the released heat being conveyed to a transfer fluid with forced circulation of the transfer fluid using fluid fuel the transfer fluid being air
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
- F23D14/02—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
- F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
- F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
- F23D14/62—Mixing devices; Mixing tubes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
- F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
- F23D14/70—Baffles or like flow-disturbing devices
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H9/00—Details
- F24H9/0052—Details for air heaters
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H9/00—Details
- F24H9/18—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means
- F24H9/1854—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means for air heaters
- F24H9/1877—Arrangement or mounting of combustion heating means, e.g. grates or burners
- F24H9/1881—Arrangement or mounting of combustion heating means, e.g. grates or burners using fluid fuel
Abstract
The invention relates to a high-temperature low-nitrogen combustion hot blast stove with a high-speed hedging rotational flow premixing heat accumulator, which effectively solves the problems that the high-efficiency low-nitrogen combustion and the flow equalization reinforced heat transfer of the hot blast stove are combined to achieve high efficiency, energy conservation and low emission; the wall body of the premixing chamber is a hollow cavity premixing chamber with a contraction opening at the lower part, which is formed by a first hemispherical wall body with a downward opening and a cylindrical wall body, a gas inlet pipe and an air inlet pipe are horizontally and symmetrically arranged on the cylindrical wall body of the premixing chamber and communicated with the premixing chamber, and the lower part of the wall body of the premixing chamber is communicated with an opening at the upper part of the wall body of the combustion chamber to form an outlet of the premixing chamber; the invention has the advantages of stable structure, good use effect, high efficiency, energy saving, low emission, energy saving and environmental protection.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to heat utilization equipment, in particular to a high-temperature low-nitrogen combustion hot blast stove which provides hot air flow for a blast furnace, a smelting furnace, a retort furnace, a drying furnace, an incinerator and the like and is provided with a high-speed opposite-flushing rotational flow premixed heat accumulator.
Background
The hot blast stove is a heat utilization device commonly used in industry, and for the hot blast stove which periodically works by heating a porous heat accumulator by combustion airflow and cooling the porous heat accumulator by air supply cold airflow so as to generate high-temperature (or high-pressure) process hot airflow, the working performance of the hot blast stove is directly influenced by the combustion process of gas fuel and the heat transfer process of periodic heat storage and heat release of the porous body. With the progress of modern industrial technology, higher technical requirements are also put forward on the hot blast stove, and the hot blast stove mainly reflects in four main aspects of energy conservation, high efficiency, stability, environmental protection and the like. In order to achieve the above objects or partially achieve the above requirements, the technical innovation and technical progress of the hot blast stove have never been stopped, such as various combustion devices of the hot blast stove, which are proposed for improving the combustion process, all have the effects of improving and promoting the air flow mixing, optimizing and strengthening the combustion, and such as the application of checker brick heat accumulators with various structures and different performances, which are embodied in the selection of various heat accumulation materials, the change of the structure and the shape of the heat accumulator, the relative perfect calculation of heat energy and the like, all promote the optimization and the strengthening of the heat transfer and the heat accumulation performance; and by means of the development of a numerical simulation technology, the airflow flow field in the furnace is reasonably organized and controlled, the uniform distribution state of combustion airflow and the uniform distribution characteristic of air supply airflow in a heat accumulator are improved, and finally, the optimization and the reinforcement of the heat transfer process are integrally realized. It is necessary to point out that with the advanced science and technology of combustion, flow and heat transfer, the technology of porous medium combustion has developed sufficiently, and the practical application of the related technology is also endlessly. In addition, the implementation of national mandatory measures for environmental governance makes ultralow emission become a normal state, the requirements on dust removal, desulfurization and denitration indexes of flue gas of combustion equipment are increasingly strict, and the ultralow nitrogen combustion of coal gas and the ultralow emission of the flue gas also become inseparable important parts of hot blast stove technology. Due to the structural problems, the existing hot blast stove cannot really realize the combination of high-efficiency low-nitrogen combustion and flow equalization enhanced heat transfer, so that the purposes of high efficiency, energy conservation and low emission are achieved, and the actual requirement problem in industrial production is met. Therefore, by combining the process characteristics of flow, heat transfer and combustion in the hot blast stove and based on the existing combustion and heat transfer technologies such as premixed high-strength combustion, flow-equalizing variable flow enhanced heat transfer, porous body super-enthalpy combustion temperature raising, grading controllable and under-oxygen combustion and the like, the hot blast stove which has high-speed opposite-impact rotational flow premixing and direct combustion in a porous heat accumulator and can realize the combination of high-temperature low-nitrogen combustion and flow-equalizing enhanced heat transfer is provided, so that the hot blast stove has the advantages of stable structure, optimized performance, high efficiency, energy conservation and ultralow emission, and is greatly suitable for the technical problems of the modern industry which need to be solved for the structure and performance of the hot blast stove.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above situation, in order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a high-temperature low-nitrogen combustion hot blast stove of a high-speed opposite-flushing rotational flow premixing heat accumulator, which can effectively solve the problem that the hot blast stove realizes the combination of high-efficiency low-nitrogen combustion and flow-equalizing enhanced heat transfer, achieves high efficiency, energy conservation and low emission, and meets the actual needs in industrial production.
The invention solves the technical scheme that the high-temperature low-nitrogen combustion hot blast stove comprises a closed wall body which is formed by building refractory materials in a metal furnace shell, wherein the wall body is divided into a premixing chamber wall body, a combustion chamber wall body, an upper regenerative chamber wall body, a lower regenerative chamber wall body and a cold air chamber wall body from top to bottom; the wall body of the premixing chamber is a cavity body with a contracted opening at the lower part, which is formed by a first hemispherical wall body with a downward opening and a cylindrical wall body, the cavity body is internally provided with the premixing chamber, a gas inlet pipe and an air inlet pipe are horizontally and symmetrically arranged on the cylindrical wall body of the premixing chamber and communicated with the premixing chamber, the lower part of the wall body of the premixing chamber is communicated with an opening at the upper part of the wall body of the combustion chamber to form an outlet of the premixing chamber and is supported by a wall body bearing ring of the premixing chamber, which is fixed on a furnace shell of the; the combustion chamber wall body is a cavity body formed by a second hemispherical wall body and a cylindrical wall body, a combustion chamber is formed inside the cavity body, the lower opening of the combustion chamber wall body is communicated with the top opening of the conical cylinder section of the upper regenerative chamber wall body to form a sliding channel to form a combustion outlet, the bottom of the combustion chamber wall body is supported by a combustion chamber wall body supporting ring connected to a furnace shell, and a hot air outlet pipe, a manhole and an air flow adjusting hole are arranged on the cylindrical section of the combustion chamber wall body and are vertically communicated with the combustion chamber; the upper regenerator wall and the lower regenerator wall are both cylindrical walls and are in a sliding plug-in connection structure, the internal spaces of the upper regenerator wall and the lower regenerator wall are respectively an upper regenerator and a lower regenerator, and the lower wall of the upper regenerator wall is supported by an upper regenerator wall supporting ring connected to the furnace shell; the wall body of the cold air chamber is of a cup-shaped structure with the bottom closed by the bottom of the hot blast stove, the space in the cold air chamber is a cold air chamber, the upper part of the cold air chamber supports the wall body of the lower heat storage chamber, a cold air chamber annular wall concentric with the cold air chamber annular wall is built in the cold air chamber, a cold air airflow distribution annular channel is formed between the cold air chamber wall body and the cold air chamber annular wall, a cold air inlet pipe and a flue gas outlet pipe which are communicated with the cold air airflow distribution annular channel are respectively arranged on the cold air chamber wall body, and a cold air inlet nozzle (or a flue gas outlet nozzle) which is horizontally arranged in an inclined mode along the circumferential direction is arranged at the middle lower part; a heat accumulator bottom guide plate is laid in the cold air chamber from the bottom of the hot blast stove, and the air flow adjusting heat accumulator is stacked on the guide plate and upwards enters the heat accumulator space of the lower heat accumulator and the upper heat accumulator and fills the whole heat accumulator space of the lower heat accumulator, the middle heat accumulator and the upper heat accumulator.
The invention has novel and unique structure, convenient installation and use, stable structure and good use effect, can effectively realize the combination of high-efficiency low-nitrogen combustion and flow-equalizing enhanced heat transfer of the hot blast stove, achieves high efficiency, energy conservation and low emission, saves energy, protects environment, meets the actual requirement problem in industrial production, and has huge economic and social benefits.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a sectional front view of a hot blast stove according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional top view of a wall portion of a premixing chamber of the stove of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional top view of the wall portion of the combustion body of the hot blast stove of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional top view of a cold air chamber wall portion of the hot blast stove of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the invention refers to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in figures 1-4, the high-temperature low-nitrogen combustion hot blast stove with the high-speed hedging rotational flow premixing heat accumulator comprises a closed wall body which is formed by building refractory materials in a metal furnace shell, the wall body is divided into a premixing chamber wall body 1, a combustion chamber wall body 2, an upper heat accumulator wall body 3, a lower heat accumulator wall body 4 and a cold air chamber wall body 5 from top to bottom, the lower part of the cold air chamber wall body 5 is arranged on a furnace bottom 6, and the inner space of each wall body is respectively provided with a premixing chamber 1-1 for mixing gas and air, a combustion chamber 2-1 for firing and burning premixed air flow in the premixing chamber, an upper heat accumulator 3-1 for stacking porous checker bricks or fire-resistant ball heat accumulators, a lower heat accumulator 4-1 and a cold air chamber 5-1 for regulating the distribution of inlet air flow and outlet air; the wall body 1 of the premixing chamber is a cavity body with a contracted opening at the lower part, which is formed by a first hemispherical wall body with a downward opening and a cylindrical wall body, the cavity body is internally provided with a premixing chamber 1-1, a gas inlet pipe 1-2 and an air inlet pipe 1-3 are horizontally and symmetrically arranged on the cylindrical wall body of the premixing chamber and communicated with the premixing chamber 1-1, the lower part of the wall body 1 of the premixing chamber is communicated with an opening at the upper part of the wall body 2 of the combustion chamber to form an outlet 1-4 of the premixing chamber, and the outlet is supported by a wall body supporting ring 1-5 of the premixing chamber, which is fixed on a furnace shell; the combustion chamber wall body 2 is a cavity body formed by a second hemispherical wall body and a cylindrical wall body, a combustion chamber 2-1 is formed inside the cavity body, the lower opening of the combustion chamber wall body 2 is communicated with the top opening of the conical cylinder section of the upper regenerative chamber wall body 3 to form a sliding channel to form a combustion outlet 2-4, the bottom of the combustion chamber wall body is supported by a combustion chamber wall body bearing ring 2-5 connected to a furnace shell, and the hot air outlet pipe 2-2 and the manhole and the air flow adjusting hole 2-3 are placed on the cylindrical section of the combustion chamber wall body 2 and are vertically communicated with the combustion chamber 2-1; the upper regenerator wall 3 and the lower regenerator wall 4 are both cylindrical walls and are in a sliding plug-in connection structure, the inner spaces of the upper regenerator wall 3-1 and the lower regenerator wall 4-1 are respectively an upper regenerator 3-1 and a lower regenerator 4-1, and the lower wall of the upper regenerator wall 3 is supported by an upper regenerator wall supporting ring 3-3 connected to the furnace shell; the wall body 5 of the cold air chamber is of a cup-shaped structure with the bottom closed by the bottom 6 of the hot blast stove, the space in the cold air chamber is a cold air chamber 5-1, the upper part supports the wall body 4 of the lower regenerative chamber, a cold air chamber annular wall 5-3 concentric with the cold air chamber is built in the cold air chamber 5-1, a cold air flow distribution annular channel 5-4 is formed between the wall body 5 of the cold air chamber and the annular wall 5-3 of the cold air chamber, a cold air inlet pipe 5-2 and a flue gas outlet pipe 5-6 which are communicated with a cold air flow distribution loop 5-4 are respectively arranged on the wall body 5 of the cold air chamber, a cold air inlet nozzle (or a smoke outlet nozzle) 5-5 which is horizontally and obliquely arranged along the circumferential direction is arranged at the middle lower part of the cold air chamber annular wall 5-3 to form a channel between a cold air chamber 5-1 and a cold air flow distribution annular channel 5-4 in the cold air chamber annular wall 5-3; and a heat accumulator bottom guide plate 5-8 is laid in the cold air chamber 5-1 from the bottom 6 of the hot air furnace, and a bottom airflow adjusting heat accumulator 5-7 is piled on the guide plate and upwards enters the heat accumulator spaces of the lower heat accumulator 4-1 and the upper heat accumulator 3-1 until the whole heat accumulator spaces of the lower heat accumulator 4-3, the middle heat accumulator 4-2 and the upper heat accumulator 3-2 are piled up.
The wall body 1 of the premixing chamber and the wall body 2 of the combustion chamber are built by refractory materials with high temperature resistance, low deformation and excellent thermal shock resistance in metal shells, and are respectively a heavy material, a light material and an outer high temperature resistant light cotton felt from inside to outside.
The high-speed hedging rotational flow premixing heat accumulator medium-high temperature low nitrogen combustion hot blast stove is characterized in that an upper heat accumulation chamber wall body 3 and a lower heat accumulation chamber wall body 4 are built by high temperature resistant and low deformation resistant refractory materials in a metal shell, and are respectively a heavy material, a light material and an outer layer high temperature resistant light cotton felt from inside to outside.
The high-temperature low-nitrogen combustion hot blast stove with the high-speed hedging rotational flow premixing heat accumulator is characterized in that the structure of a ring-shaped wall body of a cold air chamber wall body 5 is the same as that of a heat accumulation chamber wall body, the bottom 6 of the hot blast stove is formed by pouring heat-resistant concrete in a metal shell, and a heavy refractory brick body with a certain height is built on the hot blast stove.
The upper heat accumulator 3-2, the middle heat accumulator 4-2, the lower heat accumulator 4-3 and the bottom airflow regulating heat accumulator 5-7 are lattice brick regular stacking structures of all porous blocks, or combination of honeycomb blocks formed by regularly arranged ventilation pipelines, or stacked stacks of various heat storage balls (the temperature resistance degree of the material is determined by the positions of the heat storage balls), and the material of the upper heat accumulator 3-2 has high temperature resistance, thermal shock resistance, adhesion resistance and high heat capacity.
The bottom flow guide plates 5-8 of the heat accumulator are plate surfaces with a plurality of parallel grooves formed by arranging and combining bricks with horizontal grooves, at least more than two layers are built, so that the horizontal grooves are mutually perpendicular or intersected at an angle, and the bottom flow guide plates of the heat accumulator are made of materials with high compressive strength and good low-temperature thermal shock resistance.
The hot air outlet pipe 2-2 is vertically connected with the cylindrical wall body of the combustion chamber wall body 2 through a combined brick body structure, and the stability of the outlet structure depends on the structure of the combined brick body; the manhole and the airflow adjusting hole 2-3 are round pipe holes which are communicated with the combustion chamber and are horizontally and vertically arranged on the wall body of the combustion chamber, are used as the manhole during building and maintenance, and are used for starting ignition, airflow purging and combustion adjustment by using an airflow adjusting pipe orifice and an ignition device which are arranged on the manhole during operation.
The gas inlet pipes 1-2 and the air inlet pipes 1-3 are horizontally and symmetrically arranged on the cylindrical wall of the premixing chamber 1-1 and are vertical to the center line of the gas inlet pipes, and the gas inlet pipes 1-2 and the air inlet pipes 1-3 are respectively communicated with the premixing chamber 1-1 in a centrosymmetric eccentric way, so that a rotational flow opposite flushing mixing structure of gas and air flow is formed.
And the middle lower part of the annular wall 5-3 of the cold air chamber is provided with a through cold air inlet nozzle 5-5 which is used for communicating the cold air chamber 5-1 with the cold air airflow distribution annular channel 5-4 and is communicated in a horizontal inclined manner, and the inclination angle is less than or equal to 60 degrees.
And a cold air inlet pipe 5-2 and a flue gas outlet pipe 5-6 are arranged on the cylindrical wall body of the cold air chamber wall body 5, are communicated with the cylindrical wall body in different directions and are horizontally and obliquely communicated, and the inclination angle is not more than 60 degrees and is consistent with the inclination angle direction of a cold air inlet nozzle 5-5 on the cold air chamber annular wall 5-3.
The hot blast stove has the structure that (1) the whole hot blast stove is formed by a closed wall body built by building refractory materials in a metal furnace shell, the hot blast stove is divided into a premixing chamber wall body 1, a combustion chamber wall body 2, an upper regenerative chamber wall body 3, a lower regenerative chamber wall body 4, a cold air chamber wall body 5 and a hot blast stove bottom 6 from top to bottom, and the internal spaces of the hot blast stove are respectively a precombustion chamber 1-1 for mixing gas and air, a combustion chamber 2-1 for igniting and burning premixed airflow in the combustion chamber, an upper regenerative chamber 3-1 and a lower regenerative chamber 4-1 for stacking porous regenerative bodies (lattice bricks or refractory balls), and a cold air chamber 5-1 for regulating the distribution of inlet airflow and outlet airflow; (2) the wall body 1 of the premixing chamber is a premixing chamber 1-1 which is composed of a hemispherical wall body and a cylindrical wall body and has a cavity structure with a contracted opening at the lower part, a gas inlet pipe 1-2 and an air inlet pipe 1-3 are horizontally and symmetrically arranged on the cylindrical wall body of the premixing chamber and communicated with the premixing chamber 1-1, the lower part of the wall body 1 of the premixing chamber is communicated with the top of the wall body 2 of the combustion chamber to form an outlet 1-4 of the premixing chamber, and the outlet is supported by a wall body supporting ring 1-5 of the premixing chamber fixed on a furnace shell of the combustion chamber; (3) the combustion chamber wall body 2 is also a combustion chamber 2-1 with a cavity structure of which the lower part is opened and which is composed of a hemispherical wall body and a cylindrical wall body, the lower part of the combustion chamber wall body 2 is in slidable communication with the top of the conical cylinder section of the upper regenerative chamber wall body 3, a connector forms an outlet 2-4 during combustion, the bottom of the outlet is supported by a combustion chamber wall body bearing ring 2-5 connected to a furnace shell, and the hot air outlet 2-2, a manhole and an air flow adjusting hole 2-3 are arranged on the cylindrical section of the combustion chamber wall body 2 and are vertically communicated with the combustion chamber 2-1; (4) the upper regenerator wall 3 and the lower regenerator wall 4 are combined structures of conical and cylindrical walls, and are mutually in a sliding plug-in connection structure, the inner spaces of the upper regenerator wall 3 and the lower regenerator wall 4 are respectively an upper regenerator 3-1 and a lower regenerator 4-1, and the lower wall of the upper regenerator wall 3 is supported by an upper regenerator wall bearing ring 3-3 connected to a furnace shell; (5) the cold air chamber wall body 5 is of a cup-shaped structure with the bottom closed by a bottom 6 of a hot air furnace, the space in the cold air chamber wall body is a cold air chamber 5-1, the upper part of the cold air chamber supports a wall body 4 at the lower part of a regenerative chamber, a cold air chamber annular wall 5-3 concentric with the cold air chamber annular wall is built in the cold air chamber 5-1, a cold air airflow distribution annular channel 5-4 is formed between the cold air chamber wall body 5 and the cold air chamber annular wall body 5-3, a cold air inlet pipe 5-2 and a flue gas outlet pipe 5-6 communicated with the cold air airflow distribution annular channel 5-4 are respectively arranged on the cold air chamber wall body 5, and the cold; the middle lower part is provided with a cold air inlet nozzle (flue gas outlet nozzle) 5-5 which is horizontally arranged along the circumferential direction in an inclined way, so as to form the communication between the cold air chamber 5-1 and the cold air flow distribution loop 5-4 in the annular wall body 5-3 of the cold air chamber; (6) a heat accumulator bottom guide plate 5-8 is laid in the cold air chamber 5-1 from the bottom (the bottom 6 of the hot air furnace), a bottom airflow adjusting heat accumulator 5-7 is piled up on the cold air chamber, then the cold air enters the heat accumulator space of the lower heat accumulator 4-1 and the upper heat accumulator 3-1 on the lower heat accumulator, and the lower heat accumulator 4-3, the middle heat accumulator 4-2 and the upper heat accumulator 3-2 are respectively piled up upwards until the whole heat accumulator space is full.
When the invention is used, gas and air respectively enter a premixing chamber 1-1 through a gas inlet pipe 1-2 and an air inlet pipe 1-3, then enter a combustion chamber 2-1 after mutual rotational flow and opposite impact, are ignited and combusted under the reflux heating of high-temperature flue gas formed in a sudden expansion space of the combustion chamber, then quickly enter an upper heat accumulator 3-2 in the upper heat accumulator 3-1 downwards, and are continuously mixed and combusted in a narrow space of the heat accumulator to completely complete the combustion process of the gas and the air, at the moment, the temperature of combustion gas flow and the upper heat accumulator is further improved (the combustion temperature of the heat accumulator can be controlled by controlling the combustion share of the heat accumulator), then hot flue gas enters a middle heat accumulator 3-3 and a lower heat accumulator 4-2 below the heat accumulator, and the temperature of the heat accumulator is further reduced while being improved after full heat exchange, the flue gas continuously enters the bottom air flow regulating heat accumulator 5-7 downwards, then enters the cold air inlet nozzle 5-5 and the cold air flow distribution loop 5-4 through the heat accumulator bottom guide plate 5-8, and finally is discharged out of the hot air furnace through the flue gas outlet pipe 5-6, so that the heating process (heat exchange and heat absorption) of the heat accumulator is completed. After the heat accumulator stores heat fully, the combustion process is closed and the air supply process is started, namely the heating process of high-pressure air supply and the cooling process of the heat accumulator. At the moment, cold air enters the cold air flow distribution loop 5-4 from the cold air inlet pipe 5-2, enters the bottom flow guide plate 5-8 of the heat accumulator through the cold air inlet nozzle 5-5, sequentially enters the bottom air flow regulation heat accumulator 5-7, the lower heat accumulator 4-2, the middle heat accumulator 3-3 and the upper heat accumulator 3-2, gradually increases the temperature in the heat exchange process with the heat accumulators at all parts, finally enters the combustion chamber 2-1, and is led out through the hot air outlet pipe 2-2 on the wall body 2 of the combustion chamber, so that the hot blast conveying process of the hot blast air furnace is completed, and the work period of the hot blast furnace is also completed. Continuous hot blast supply to blast furnaces or other heat utilization equipment is realized in the alternate periodic operation process of a plurality of same hot blast stoves.
That is to say, the invention can well realize the rapid, sufficient and uniform rotational flow mixing of the coal gas and the air, then the mixture enters the space of the combustion chamber downwards, is rapidly ignited and ignited by virtue of partial backflow hot air flow, and then flows downwards at high speed to enter the heat accumulators arranged up and down in the heat accumulators to form a sufficient premixed combustion state; because the combustion chamber is visible and limited, the combustion gas flow quickly enters the heat accumulator; at the moment, the gas which is not fully combusted can complete the combustion process in the upper checker bricks, so that the heat accumulator of the part obtains the heat accumulation close to the combustion temperature, and good conditions are created for high wind temperature. The air flow adjusting loop of the cold air chamber enables cold air to obtain relatively uniform flow field distribution before entering the regenerator, and the utilization rate of the regenerator is effectively improved; the hot air outlet is arranged at the lower part of the combustion chamber, so that the distribution of the airflow flow field on the cross section of the porous heat accumulator in the heat accumulator chamber can be more uniform (compared with a hot air outlet pipe arranged at the lower part of the top arch of the combustion chamber at the top of the heat accumulator chamber); in addition, the cold air chamber cancels a grate structure, and adopts a heat accumulator for special masonry, thereby reducing the investment cost, increasing the consumption of the heat accumulator and effectively reducing the manufacturing cost of the hot blast stove. Therefore, the hot blast stove has the technical characteristics of uniform high-strength premixed combustion and uniform high-efficiency heat transfer, and the simple, reasonable and effective structural characteristics, and has the economic and social characteristics of high cost performance (the space of a combustion chamber and a cold air chamber becomes a place for stacking heat accumulators) and energy conservation and environmental protection. Trial use practices show that the hot blast stove with the structure can generally improve the air supply temperature by 50 ℃ to 80 ℃, and the air supply period temperature fluctuation can be controlled at 40 ℃ to 60 ℃. Because the combustion chamber and the cold air chamber which have no practical significance are fully utilized, the investment cost of the hot blast stove is greatly reduced by about 20 percent, the high-efficiency low-nitrogen combustion and the flow equalization reinforced heat transfer of the hot blast stove are really combined, the purposes of high efficiency, energy conservation, low emission, energy conservation and environmental protection are achieved, the practical requirement problem in industrial production is met, and the economic and social benefits are huge.
Claims (10)
1. A hot blast stove for high-temperature low-nitrogen combustion in a high-speed hedging rotational flow premixing heat accumulator comprises a closed wall body made of refractory materials built in a metal furnace shell, the wall body is divided into a premixing chamber wall body (1), a combustion chamber wall body (2), an upper heat accumulation chamber wall body (3), a lower heat accumulation chamber wall body (4) and a cold air chamber wall body (5) from top to bottom, the lower part of the cold air chamber wall body (5) is arranged on a furnace bottom (6), and the inner space of each wall body is respectively provided with a premixing chamber (1-1) for mixing gas and air, a combustion chamber (2-1) in which premixed airflow is ignited and combusted, an upper heat accumulation chamber (3-1) for stacking porous checker bricks or fire-resistant ball heat accumulators, a lower heat accumulation chamber (4-1) and a cold air chamber (5-1) for regulating the distribution of; the wall body (1) of the premixing chamber is a cavity body with a contracted opening at the lower part, which is formed by a first hemispherical wall body with a downward opening and a cylindrical wall body, the cavity body forms the premixing chamber (1-1), a gas inlet pipe (1-2) and an air inlet pipe (1-3) are horizontally and symmetrically arranged on the cylindrical wall body of the premixing chamber and communicated with the premixing chamber (1-1), the lower part of the premixing chamber wall body (1) is communicated with an opening at the upper part of the combustion chamber wall body (2) to form an outlet (1-4) of the premixing chamber, and the outlet is supported by a premixing chamber wall body bearing ring (1-5) fixed on a furnace shell of the combustion chamber; the combustion chamber wall body (2) is a cavity body formed by a second hemispherical wall body and a cylindrical wall body, a combustion chamber (2-1) is formed inside the cavity body, the lower opening of the combustion chamber wall body (2) is communicated with the top opening of the conical cylinder section of the upper regenerative chamber wall body (3) to form a sliding channel to form a combustion outlet (2-4), the bottom of the combustion chamber wall body is supported by a combustion chamber wall body bearing ring (2-5) connected to a furnace shell, and a hot air outlet pipe (2-2), a manhole and an air flow adjusting hole (2-3) are placed on the cylindrical section of the combustion chamber wall body (2) and are vertically communicated with the combustion chamber (2-1); the upper regenerator wall body (3) and the lower regenerator wall body (4) are both cylindrical wall bodies and are in a sliding plug-in connection structure, the inner spaces of the upper regenerator wall body (3-1) and the lower regenerator wall body (4-1) are respectively an upper regenerator wall body and a lower regenerator wall body, and the lower wall body of the upper regenerator wall body (3) is supported by an upper regenerator wall body bearing ring (3-3) connected to a furnace shell; the wall body (5) of the cold air chamber is of a cup-shaped structure with the bottom closed by a furnace bottom (6), the space in the cold air chamber is a cold air chamber (5-1), the upper part supports the wall body (4) of the lower regenerative chamber, a cold air chamber annular wall (5-3) concentric with the cold air chamber annular wall is built in the cold air chamber (5-1), a cold air flow distribution annular channel (5-4) is formed between the cold air chamber wall body (5) and the cold air chamber annular wall (5-3), a cold air inlet pipe (5-2) and a flue gas outlet pipe (5-6) which are communicated with a cold air flow distribution loop (5-4) are respectively arranged on the wall body (5) of the cold air chamber, a cold air inlet nozzle (5-5) which is horizontally and obliquely arranged along the circumferential direction is arranged at the middle lower part of the cold air chamber annular wall (5-3) to form a channel between the cold air chamber (5-1) in the cold air chamber annular wall (5-3) and the cold air flow distribution annular channel (5-4); a heat accumulator bottom guide plate (5-8) is laid in the cold air chamber (5-1) from the furnace bottom (6), and a bottom airflow adjusting heat accumulator (5-7) is piled up on the guide plate and upwards enters the heat accumulator spaces of the lower heat accumulator (4-1) and the upper heat accumulator (3-1) until the whole heat accumulator spaces of the lower heat accumulator (4-3), the middle heat accumulator (4-2) and the upper heat accumulator (3-2) are piled up.
2. The high-temperature low-nitrogen combustion hot blast stove with the high-speed hedging rotational flow premixing heat accumulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the wall body (1) of the premixing chamber and the wall body (2) of the combustion chamber are built by refractory materials with excellent high-temperature resistance, low deformation and thermal shock resistance in a metal shell, and are respectively heavy materials and light materials from inside to outside and outer high-temperature resistant light cotton felt.
3. The high-temperature low-nitrogen combustion hot blast stove with the high-speed hedging rotational flow premixing heat accumulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper heat accumulator wall (3) and the lower heat accumulator wall (4) are built by high-temperature resistant and low-deformation refractory materials in a metal shell, and are respectively heavy materials and light materials from inside to outside, and outer layer is made of high-temperature resistant light cotton felt.
4. The high-temperature low-nitrogen combustion hot-blast stove with the high-speed opposed-flushing rotational-flow premixed heat accumulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the structure of the ring-shaped wall body of the cold air chamber (5) is the same as that of the heat accumulator wall body, the bottom (6) of the hot-blast stove is formed by pouring heat-resistant concrete in a metal shell, and a heavy refractory brick body with a certain height is built on the bottom.
5. The hot blast stove for high-temperature and low-nitrogen combustion in the high-speed opposed-swirl premixed heat accumulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper heat accumulator (3-2), the middle heat accumulator (4-2), the lower heat accumulator (4-3) and the bottom air flow regulating heat accumulator (5-7) are of a lattice brick regular stacking structure of each porous block, or a combination of honeycomb blocks formed by regularly arranged ventilation pipelines, or a stack of stacked various heat accumulation balls, and the upper heat accumulator (3-2) is made of a material with high temperature resistance, thermal shock resistance, adhesion resistance and high heat capacity.
6. The hot blast stove for high-temperature and low-nitrogen combustion in the high-speed hedging cyclone premixing heat accumulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the bottom flow guide plate (5-8) of the heat accumulator is a plate surface with a plurality of parallel grooves formed by arranging and combining bricks with horizontal grooves, at least two layers are built, so that the horizontal grooves are mutually perpendicular or intersected at an angle, and the material has high compressive strength and good low-temperature thermal shock resistance.
7. The hot blast stove for high-temperature and low-nitrogen combustion in the high-speed opposed swirl premixed heat accumulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the hot blast outlet pipe (2-2) is vertically connected with the cylindrical wall of the combustion chamber wall (2) through a combined brick structure, and the stability of the outlet structure is determined by the structure of the combined brick; the manhole and the airflow adjusting hole (2-3) are round pipe holes which are communicated with the combustion chamber and are horizontally and vertically arranged on the wall body of the combustion chamber, the manhole and the airflow adjusting hole are used as the manhole during building and maintenance, and the airflow adjusting pipe orifice and the ignition device which are arranged on the manhole and are used for starting ignition, airflow purging and combustion adjustment during operation.
8. The hot blast stove for high-temperature and low-nitrogen combustion in the high-speed hedging rotational flow premixing heat accumulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the gas inlet pipe (1-2) and the air inlet pipe (1-3) are horizontally and symmetrically arranged on the cylindrical wall of the premixing chamber (1-1) and are vertical to the center line, and the communication between the gas inlet pipe (1-2) and the air inlet pipe (1-3) and the premixing chamber (1-1) is centrosymmetric eccentric communication, so as to form a rotational flow hedging mixing structure of gas and air flow.
9. The high-temperature low-nitrogen combustion hot blast stove with the high-speed hedging swirling flow premixing heat accumulator according to claim 1, characterized in that a through cold air inlet nozzle (5-5) is arranged at the middle lower part of the cold air chamber annular wall (5-3) and used for communicating the cold air chamber (5-1) with the cold air flow distribution annular channel (5-4), and the cold air chamber annular wall and the cold air flow distribution annular channel are communicated in a horizontal inclined mode, and the inclination angle is less than or equal to 60 degrees.
10. The high-temperature low-nitrogen combustion hot blast stove with the high-speed hedging rotational flow premixing heat accumulator as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that a cold air inlet pipe (5-2) and a flue gas outlet pipe (5-6) are arranged on a cylindrical wall of the cold air chamber wall (5) and communicated with the cylindrical wall in different directions, and are horizontally and obliquely communicated, and the inclination angle is not more than 60 degrees and is consistent with the inclination angle direction of a cold air inlet nozzle (5-5) on the cold air chamber annular wall (5-3).
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| CN116817270A (en) * | 2023-08-30 | 2023-09-29 | 陕西华秦新能源科技有限责任公司 | Flame cutting's gas distribution device |
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