CN111188614A - Petroleum drilling anti-collision passive detection device and method based on magnetic core coil - Google Patents
Petroleum drilling anti-collision passive detection device and method based on magnetic core coil Download PDFInfo
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- CN111188614A CN111188614A CN202010021399.7A CN202010021399A CN111188614A CN 111188614 A CN111188614 A CN 111188614A CN 202010021399 A CN202010021399 A CN 202010021399A CN 111188614 A CN111188614 A CN 111188614A
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- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005358 geomagnetic field Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000889 permalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002547 anomalous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000003298 dental enamel Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000005674 electromagnetic induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses an anti-collision passive detection device and method for petroleum drilling based on a magnetic core coil, wherein the device comprises a measurement short circuit arranged between a drill string and a drill bit, the measurement short circuit comprises a magnetic core coil, a programmable amplifier, a high-order low-pass filter, an ADC (analog to digital converter), a microprocessor and a power supply, the magnetic core coil consists of a high-permeability magnetic core and an enameled wire, the enameled wire is wound on the outer surface of the high-permeability magnetic core, an electrode of the enameled wire is connected with the signal input end of the programmable amplifier, the signal output end of the programmable amplifier is connected with the input end of the high-order low-pass filter, the output end of the high-order low-pass filter is connected with the input end of the ADC, the output end of the ADC is connected with the. The invention can effectively solve the problem of measuring the distance between the drilling bit and the production well and effectively avoid huge harm caused by collision in the drilling process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of oil development, in particular to an anti-collision passive detection device and method for oil drilling based on a magnetic core coil.
Background
With the development of oil exploitation, high-density encrypted wells are increased, the collision of a drill bit and a production well happens occasionally, and once the collision breaks through the production well, huge economic loss and safety risk are caused. At present, the document proposes to add active electromagnetic waves to the underground of a production well for detection to prevent collision. In practical application, however, it is difficult to add active electromagnetic wave generators at different positions of a production well. There are also documents that judge whether the drill bit approaches by adopting a mode of measuring sound waves at the wellhead of a production well, but because the length of a petroleum pipe column reaches thousands of meters or more, the sound waves are very large instantly and are interfered by external noise, and the position detection of the drill bit is difficult to realize.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention aims to provide an anti-collision passive detection device and method for petroleum drilling based on a magnetic core coil.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
on the one hand, the anti-collision passive detection device for the petroleum drilling based on the magnetic core coil comprises a measurement short circuit arranged between a drill string and a drill bit, wherein the measurement short circuit comprises the magnetic core coil, a programmable amplifier, a high-order low-pass filter, an ADC (analog to digital converter), a microprocessor and a power supply, the magnetic core coil consists of a high-permeability magnetic core and an enameled wire, the enameled wire is wound on the outer surface of the high-permeability magnetic core, an electrode of the enameled wire is connected with a signal input end of the programmable amplifier, a signal output end of the programmable amplifier is connected with an input end of the high-order low-pass filter, an output end of the high-order low-pass filter is connected with an input end of the ADC, an output end of the ADC is.
Preferably, the high permeability magnetic core is cylindrical, the diameter of the high permeability magnetic core is greater than 1cm, and the ratio of the length to the diameter of the high permeability magnetic core is greater than 20.
Preferably, the enameled wires are uniformly wound in the middle section of the high-permeability magnetic core, and the lengths of the non-wound enameled wires at the two ends of the high-permeability magnetic core are equal.
Preferably, the number of turns of the enameled wire is more than 1000 turns.
Preferably, the programmable amplifier adopts a low-noise instrument amplifier with differential input, the amplification gain of the low-noise instrument amplifier is adjustable within 1-10000 times, and the amplification gain of the low-noise instrument amplifier is adjusted through analog voltage, or through a digital interface, or through back-end feedback automatic adjustment.
Preferably, the high-order low-pass filter is an active RC low-pass filter or a switched capacitor filter, the high-order low-pass filter is a 100Hz low-pass filter, and the order is greater than or equal to 4.
Preferably, the ADC is a high resolution ADC with a resolution of 16 bits or more, and the sampling rate of the ADC is greater than 1 Ksps.
Preferably, the microprocessor is a low-power microprocessor, and the microprocessor is provided with any one or more communication interfaces of SPI, UART and IIC.
On the other hand, the anti-collision passive detection method for the petroleum drilling based on the magnetic core coil is also provided, and the detection is carried out by utilizing any one of the anti-collision passive detection devices for the petroleum drilling based on the magnetic core coil, and the method comprises the following steps:
s1: measuring the azimuth and distance of the wellhead of the known production well relative to the well inlet;
s2: the induction voltage signal generated by the enameled wire is amplified by the programmable amplifier, filtered by the high-order low-pass filter, subjected to analog-to-digital conversion by the ADC and processed by the microprocessor, and finally a group of periodic induction voltage signal data is obtained, wherein the periodicity of the induction voltage signal data is consistent with the rotation period of the drill string; when an extreme point with the time domain waveform similarity larger than 60% repeatedly appears at the same phase position of more than two periods, the extreme point corresponds to a magnetic source, in the initial drilling stage of the well, if the azimuth angle of the extreme point corresponds to the azimuth angle of the known production wellhead, the magnetic source is the known production well, and the distance between the known production well and the magnetic core coil is calculated according to the following formula:
in the formula:
l is the distance between the magnetic source and the measuring short circuit, and the unit is as follows: m;
k1、k2all are intermediate variables of the formula, and have no physical significance;
r is the known production well casing outer diameter, in units: m;
R1for a known production well casing internal diameter, unit: m;
k3empirical values, units: m;
k4the coefficient is an empirical coefficient and is dimensionless;
n is the number of turns of the enameled wire, unit: turns;
l is the length of the high permeability core, unit: m;
μris the relative permeability of the casing of the known production well, and has no dimension;
b is the geomagnetic field size of the position where the well casing of the known production well is located, and the unit is: t;
θ is the angle of the earth's magnetic field with the known production well casing, in units: (iv) DEG;
Viinduced voltage, unit: v;
d is the diameter of the high permeability core, unit: m;
s3: and (3) enabling the depth of the short circuit to be measured in the drilling process of the well, and enabling the distance between the short circuit to be measured under each depth and the known production well to correspond one by one, so as to obtain a three-dimensional distance model of the well section, namely the well section and the known production well.
Preferably, k is3The value of (a) is within the range of 8-5000 m, and k is4Value ofIn the range of 0.5 to 0.96.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the passive geomagnetic detection device is adopted, active signals do not need to be added, the geomagnetic sensor can be suitable for positions with different depths in the practical application process, is not interfered by the outside, and can accurately measure the distance between the measurement short circuit of the drilling well and the known production well, so that the distance between the drill bit and the known production well is obtained, the collision between the drill bit and the production well in the drilling process is effectively avoided, and huge harm caused by the collision is avoided.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an anti-collision passive detection device for petroleum drilling based on a magnetic core coil according to the invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating the results of one embodiment of the anti-collision passive detection method for petroleum drilling based on magnetic core coils.
Reference numbers in the figures:
a1-first production well casing, A2-second production well casing, A3-third production well casing, B1-drilling drill string, B2-measuring short circuit and C-stratum;
the device comprises a 1-high-permeability magnetic core, a 2-enameled wire, a 3-programmable amplifier, a 4-high-order low-pass filter, a 5-ADC, a 6-microprocessor and a 7-power supply.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples. It should be noted that, in the present application, the embodiments and the technical features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
In one aspect, as shown in fig. 1, the invention provides an anti-collision passive detection device for petroleum drilling based on a magnetic core coil, comprising a measurement short circuit B2 installed between a drilling string B1 and a drill bit, wherein the measurement short circuit B2 comprises a magnetic core coil, a programmable amplifier 3, a high-order low-pass filter 4, an ADC5, a microprocessor 6 and a power supply 7, the magnetic core coil is composed of a high-permeability magnetic core 1 and an enameled wire 2, the enameled wire 2 is wound on the outer surface of the high-permeability magnetic core 1, an electrode of the enameled wire 2 is connected with a signal input terminal of the programmable amplifier 3, a signal output terminal of the programmable amplifier 3 is connected with an input terminal of the high-order low-pass filter 4, an output terminal of the high-order low-pass filter 4 is connected with an input terminal of the ADC5, and an output terminal of the, the microprocessor 6 is electrically connected with the power supply 7.
In a specific embodiment, the high permeability magnetic core 1 is cylindrical, the diameter of the high permeability magnetic core 1 is greater than 1cm, and the ratio of the length to the diameter of the high permeability magnetic core 1 is greater than 20, so that the detection effect of the invention can be improved.
Optionally, the high permeability magnetic core 1 is made of permalloy, and the initial relative permeability of the permalloy is more than or equal to 20000, so that the detection effect of the invention can be improved.
In a specific embodiment, the enameled wires 2 are uniformly wound in the middle section of the high-permeability magnetic core 1, and the lengths of the non-wound enameled wires at the two ends of the high-permeability magnetic core 1 are equal, so that the detection effect of the invention can be improved.
Optionally, the number of turns of the enameled wire 2 is greater than 1000 turns, so that the sensitivity can be improved.
Alternatively, the winding area of the enamel wire 2 occupies 80% or less of the total length of the high permeability core 1, which can improve efficiency.
Optionally, the enameled wire 2 is an enameled wire with a heat resistance grade of class C, and in a specific embodiment, the enameled wire 2 is made of polyimide.
Optionally, the enameled wire 2 is made of pure copper material. And determining the heat-resistant grade of the enameled wire according to the drilling depth of the drilling well and the formation temperature of the deepest depth, wherein the deeper the formation is, the higher the heat-resistant grade of the enameled wire is.
In a specific embodiment, the programmable amplifier 3 adopts a low noise instrumentation amplifier with differential input, the amplification gain of the low noise instrumentation amplifier is adjustable by 1-10000 times, and the amplification gain of the low noise instrumentation amplifier is adjusted by analog voltage, or by a digital interface, or automatically adjusted by back end feedback.
Optionally, the low noise instrumentation amplifier is a low noise instrumentation amplifier model ISL28634 from reinsa electronics (Renesas) of japan.
In a specific embodiment, the high-order low-pass filter 4 is an active RC low-pass filter or a switched capacitor filter, the high-order low-pass filter is a 100Hz low-pass filter, and the order is greater than or equal to 4.
Optionally, the high-order low-pass filter 4 is a high-order low-pass filter of MAX293 by american telecommunications semiconductor (MAXIM).
In a specific embodiment, the ADC5 is a high resolution ADC with a resolution of 16 bits or more, and the sampling rate of the ADC5 is greater than 1 Ksps. The ADC5 may be an independent ADC chip, or may be an ADC built in the microprocessor.
Optionally, the ADC5 is an ADC model ADS1246 from Texas Instruments, usa.
In a specific embodiment, the microprocessor 6 is a low power consumption microprocessor, and the microprocessor 6 is provided with any one or more communication interfaces of SPI, UART, and IIC. The low-power microprocessor can save energy and reduce cost.
Optionally, the microprocessor 6 is a Texas Instruments (Texas Instruments) model MSP430F2619S-HT microprocessor.
On the other hand, the invention also provides a magnetic core coil-based anti-collision passive detection method for petroleum drilling, which utilizes any one of the magnetic core coil-based anti-collision passive detection devices for petroleum drilling to carry out detection, since the casing of the production well is known to be of a magnetic material, the permeability is significantly higher than that of the formation, magnetized in the earth's magnetic field and producing magnetic anomalous fields that are significantly different from the earth's magnetic field, a magnetic field gradient profile is formed that is centered around the known production well casing, the farther away from the known production well casing the smaller the absolute value of the magnetic field gradient, when the drilling string rotates, the magnetic flux passing through the high-permeability core changes with the change of the azimuth angle, according to the Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction, induced voltage can be generated at two ends of the enameled wire, and the distance between the known production well casing and the measuring short circuit can be obtained through the device, so that the distance between the known production well and the drill bit can be obtained. The method comprises the following steps of:
s1: measuring the azimuth and distance of the wellhead of the known production well relative to the well inlet;
s2: the induction voltage signal generated by the enameled wire is amplified by the programmable amplifier, filtered by the high-order low-pass filter, subjected to analog-to-digital conversion by the ADC and processed by the microprocessor, and finally a group of periodic induction voltage signal data is obtained, wherein the periodicity of the induction voltage signal data is consistent with the rotation period of the drill string; when an extreme point with the time domain waveform similarity larger than 60% repeatedly appears at the same phase position of more than two periods, the extreme point corresponds to a magnetic source, in the initial drilling stage of the well, if the azimuth angle of the extreme point corresponds to the azimuth angle of the known production wellhead, the magnetic source is the known production well, and the distance between the known production well and the magnetic core coil is calculated according to the following formula:
in the formula:
l is the distance between the magnetic source and the measuring short circuit, and the unit is as follows: m;
k1、k2all are intermediate variables of the formula, and have no physical significance;
r is the known production well casing outer diameter, in units: m;
R1for a known production well casing internal diameter, unit: m;
k3empirical values, units: m;
k4the coefficient is an empirical coefficient and is dimensionless;
n is the number of turns of the enameled wire, unit: turns;
l is the length of the high permeability core, unit: m;
μris the relative permeability of the casing of the known production well, and has no dimension;
b is the geomagnetic field size of the position where the well casing of the known production well is located, and the unit is: t;
θ is the angle of the earth's magnetic field with the known production well casing, in units: (iv) DEG;
Viinduced voltage, unit: v;
d is the diameter of the high permeability core, unit: m;
s3: and (3) enabling the depth of the short circuit to be measured in the drilling process of the well, and enabling the distance between the short circuit to be measured under each depth and the known production well to correspond one by one, so as to obtain a three-dimensional distance model of the well section, namely the well section and the known production well.
In a specific embodiment, k is3The value of (a) is within the range of 8-5000 m, and k is4The value of (a) is in the range of 0.5-0.96.
In a specific embodiment, the anti-collision detection is performed on the well drilling by using the anti-collision passive detection method for the oil drilling based on the magnetic core coil, and a three-dimensional model of the distance between the whole well section of the well drilling and the known production well is obtained as shown in fig. 2.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a passive detection device of oil drilling anticollision based on magnetic core coil, its characterized in that, is including installing the measurement short circuit between drilling string and drill bit, the measurement short circuit includes magnetic core coil, programmable amplifier, high order low pass filter, ADC, microprocessor and power, the magnetic core coil comprises high magnetic permeability magnetic core and enameled wire, the enameled wire wind in the surface of high magnetic permeability magnetic core, the electrode of enameled wire with programmable amplifier's signal input part links to each other, programmable amplifier's signal output part with the input of high order low pass filter links to each other, the output of high order low pass filter with the input of ADC links to each other, the output of ADC with the input of microprocessor links to each other, microprocessor with power electric connection.
2. The passive detection device of claim 1, wherein the high permeability core is cylindrical, the diameter of the high permeability core is greater than 1cm, and the ratio of the length to the diameter of the high permeability core is greater than 20.
3. The passive detection device of claim 1, wherein the enameled wire is uniformly wound in the middle section of the high-permeability magnetic core, and the lengths of the unwound enameled wires at the two ends of the high-permeability magnetic core are equal.
4. The passive detection device of oil drilling anticollision based on magnetic core coil of any one of claims 1-3, characterized by that, the number of turns of enameled wire is greater than 1000 turns.
5. The passive detection device for collision prevention in oil drilling based on magnetic core coil as claimed in claim 1, wherein the programmable amplifier employs a low noise instrumentation amplifier with differential input, the amplification gain of the low noise instrumentation amplifier is adjustable by 1-10000 times, and the amplification gain of the low noise instrumentation amplifier is adjusted by analog voltage, or by digital interface, or by back end feedback automatic adjustment.
6. The passive detection device for collision prevention in oil drilling based on the magnetic core coil as claimed in claim 1, wherein the high-order low-pass filter is an active RC low-pass filter or a switched capacitor filter, the high-order low-pass filter is a 100Hz low-pass filter, and the order is greater than or equal to 4.
7. The passive magnetic core coil-based detection device for collision avoidance in oil drilling according to claim 1, wherein the ADC is a high resolution ADC with a resolution of 16 bits or more, and the sampling rate of the ADC is greater than 1 Ksps.
8. The passive detection device for preventing collision in petroleum drilling based on magnetic core coil as claimed in any one of claims 1 or 5-7, wherein the microprocessor is a low power consumption microprocessor, and the microprocessor is provided with any one or more communication interfaces of SPI, UART and IIC.
9. A passive detection method for preventing collision in petroleum drilling based on magnetic core coil, which uses the passive detection device for preventing collision in petroleum drilling based on magnetic core coil as claimed in any one of claims 1-8, characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: measuring the azimuth and distance of the wellhead of the known production well relative to the well inlet;
s2: the induction voltage signal generated by the enameled wire is amplified by the programmable amplifier, filtered by the high-order low-pass filter, subjected to analog-to-digital conversion by the ADC and processed by the microprocessor, and finally a group of periodic induction voltage signal data is obtained, wherein the periodicity of the induction voltage signal data is consistent with the rotation period of the drill string; when an extreme point with the time domain waveform similarity larger than 60% repeatedly appears at the same phase position of more than two periods, the extreme point corresponds to a magnetic source, in the initial drilling stage of the well, if the azimuth angle of the extreme point corresponds to the azimuth angle of the known production wellhead, the magnetic source is the known production well, and the distance between the known production well and the magnetic core coil is calculated according to the following formula:
in the formula:
l is the distance between the magnetic source and the measuring short circuit, and the unit is as follows: m;
k1、k2all are intermediate variables of the formula, and have no physical significance;
r is the known production well casing outer diameter, in units: m;
R1for a known production well casing internal diameter, unit: m;
k3empirical values, units: m;
k4the coefficient is an empirical coefficient and is dimensionless;
n is the number of turns of the enameled wire, unit: turns;
l is the length of the high permeability core, unit: m;
μris the relative permeability of the casing of the known production well, and has no dimension;
b is the geomagnetic field size of the position where the well casing of the known production well is located, and the unit is: t;
θ is the angle of the earth's magnetic field with the known production well casing, in units: (iv) DEG;
Viinduced voltage, unit: v;
d is the diameter of the high permeability core, unit: m;
s3: and (3) enabling the depth of the short circuit to be measured in the drilling process of the well, and enabling the distance between the short circuit to be measured under each depth and the known production well to correspond one by one, so as to obtain a three-dimensional distance model of the well section, namely the well section and the known production well.
10. The passive detection method for collision avoidance in oil drilling based on magnetic core coil as claimed in claim 9 wherein said k is3The value of (a) is within the range of 8-5000 m, and k is4The value of (a) is in the range of 0.5-0.96.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114856550A (en) * | 2022-05-11 | 2022-08-05 | 西南石油大学 | Device and method for accurately positioning petroleum casing pipe based on geomagnetic anomaly marker |
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