CN111181594A - Transmitting local oscillator leakage digital calibration system and method based on radio frequency receiving and transmitting chip - Google Patents
Transmitting local oscillator leakage digital calibration system and method based on radio frequency receiving and transmitting chip Download PDFInfo
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- CN111181594A CN111181594A CN201911303246.5A CN201911303246A CN111181594A CN 111181594 A CN111181594 A CN 111181594A CN 201911303246 A CN201911303246 A CN 201911303246A CN 111181594 A CN111181594 A CN 111181594A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/38—Transceivers, i.e. devices in which transmitter and receiver form a structural unit and in which at least one part is used for functions of transmitting and receiving
- H04B1/40—Circuits
- H04B1/50—Circuits using different frequencies for the two directions of communication
- H04B1/52—Hybrid arrangements, i.e. arrangements for transition from single-path two-direction transmission to single-direction transmission on each of two paths or vice versa
- H04B1/525—Hybrid arrangements, i.e. arrangements for transition from single-path two-direction transmission to single-direction transmission on each of two paths or vice versa with means for reducing leakage of transmitter signal into the receiver
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/06—Receivers
- H04B1/10—Means associated with receiver for limiting or suppressing noise or interference
- H04B1/12—Neutralising, balancing, or compensation arrangements
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Abstract
The invention provides a local oscillator leakage calibration system and method for a zero intermediate frequency transceiver chip, which comprises the following steps: the baseband programmable chip module is connected with the zero intermediate frequency chip transmitting module, and the zero intermediate frequency chip transmitting module is connected with the zero intermediate frequency chip receiving module; local oscillator leakage information is generated from a zero intermediate frequency chip transmitting module and flows to a zero intermediate frequency chip receiving module; the zero intermediate frequency chip receiving module converts the local oscillator leakage information into baseband information of a preset frequency point and performs analog-to-digital conversion on the baseband information of the preset frequency point; after the zero intermediate frequency chip receiving module carries out analog-to-digital conversion, the baseband information is sent to the baseband programmable chip module for analysis and processing, a compensation value is obtained, and calibration is completed; the local oscillator leakage at the receiving end does not influence the calibration result of the transmitting end, and the calibration of the receiving local oscillator is not required in advance.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of communications, and in particular, to a system and a method for digitally calibrating a transmit local oscillator leakage based on a radio frequency transceiver chip, and more particularly, to a method for designing a digital circuit and a method for calibrating a local oscillator leakage of a radio frequency transceiver chip.
Background
The zero intermediate frequency transceiver chip is a popular research field of the current wireless radio frequency hardware platform. Under the current background, communication standards are iterated rapidly, new application scenes are diversified, a zero intermediate frequency architecture chip is simplified by the chip, the chip has wide frequency spectrum coverage, high integration characteristics and substantial price, and the chip is highly favored by the current market.
However, as the integration of zero-if chips is increasingly improved, the coupling between the local oscillator signal and the front-end device becomes more and more serious, and the problem of local oscillator leakage of the transmitter becomes more and more prominent after amplification by the front-end amplifier. Under the zero intermediate frequency framework, the leaked local oscillation signal is embedded into the transmission frequency spectrum and is difficult to filter, so that the signal-to-noise ratio of the transmission signal is deteriorated, the power of the transmission signal is occupied, and the system performance is reduced.
The existing local oscillator leakage compensation technology considers the design of a compensation method from the perspective of a direct current component, the local oscillator of a compensation receiver is the same as the transmitting local oscillator, the receiving local oscillator must be calibrated at the moment, and the steps are complex. And generally, an additional hardware module is required to be designed, so that the cost is high.
Patent document CN103916345A (application number: 201210595908.2) discloses a method and device for correcting local oscillator leakage of a wireless local area network chip transmitter, the device has an MCU processing unit, a control module, a radio frequency loop, an analog compensation module, and an SRAM memory, wherein: the MCU processing unit controls the working state of the device and outputs commands for starting, ending and switching back to a normal receiving and sending mode to the control module; generating a transmitting signal, writing transmitting data into a transmitting SRAM through a control module, and reading and receiving data in the SRAM through the control module; processing the received data to realize the function of a calibration algorithm; the control module receives an instruction of the MCU processing unit, reads transmitting data in the transmitting SRAM after calibration work is started, sends the transmitting data to the radio frequency loop, receives data of the radio frequency loop at the same time, and writes the data into the receiving SRAM; when the control module receives the ending command, stopping transmitting data; finally, parameters are reconfigured according to the command of the MCU processing unit for switching back to the normal transceiving mode, so that the circuit is restored to the normal transceiving state; the radio frequency loop provides a calibration channel and mainly comprises a DAC module, a transmitting filter, a transmitting gain device, a mixer, an envelope detector, a receiving filter and an ADC module, the radio frequency loop receives transmitting data in the transmitting SRAM, the ADC module realizes analog-to-digital conversion through the radio frequency loop, and the receiving data is output to the receiving SRAM; the analog compensation module is a compensation unit, the compensation size is given by the control module, and the output compensation value is sent to the frequency mixer to realize local oscillator leakage compensation; the SRAM memory is divided into a receiving SRAM and a transmitting SRAM, and data are written in and read out by the control module.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a system and a method for calibrating the digital leakage of a transmitting local oscillator based on a radio frequency receiving and transmitting chip.
The local oscillator leakage calibration system for the zero intermediate frequency receiving and transmitting chip provided by the invention comprises:
the baseband programmable chip module is connected with the zero intermediate frequency chip transmitting module, and the zero intermediate frequency chip transmitting module is connected with the zero intermediate frequency chip receiving module;
setting a baseband programmable chip module to be powered on and enter a working state; the baseband programmable chip module controls the equipment to enter a calibration state, and the zero intermediate frequency chip transmitting module does not send any data;
module M1: local oscillator leakage information is generated from a zero intermediate frequency chip transmitting module and flows to a zero intermediate frequency chip receiving module;
module M2: the zero intermediate frequency chip receiving module converts the local oscillator leakage information into baseband information of a preset frequency point and performs analog-to-digital conversion on the baseband information of the preset frequency point;
module M3: after the zero intermediate frequency chip receiving module carries out analog-to-digital conversion, the baseband information is sent to the baseband programmable chip module for analysis and processing to obtain a compensation value, and calibration is completed;
the zero intermediate frequency chip transmitting module: the output signal contains local oscillator leakage information to be calibrated;
the zero intermediate frequency chip receiving module: converting local oscillator leakage information into baseband signals, and sending the baseband signals to a baseband programmable chip module after sampling processing;
the baseband programmable chip module: and analyzing the compensation data for generating the local oscillator leakage information.
Preferably, the zero intermediate frequency chip transmitting module includes: a transmitting digital-to-analog converter, an IQ quadrature mixer, an adjustable gain amplifier and/or an adjustable attenuator;
the zero intermediate frequency chip receiving module comprises: a receiving analog-to-digital converter, an IQ quadrature mixer and/or a tunable gain amplifier;
the baseband programmable chip module comprises: the system comprises a spectrum analysis module, a control module and a compensation module; in the initial state, the baseband programmable chip module does not send any calibration information;
the baseband programmable chip type comprises an FPGA chip and/or a DSP chip;
the spectrum analysis module comprises: analyzing the compensation amplitude ratio, and obtaining an estimated amplitude value by adopting DFT operation including a single frequency point because the receiving frequency point is known;
the control module: the control module enters a calibration state, the IQ quadrature mixer in the zero intermediate frequency chip transmitting module does not send any data, and the control module adjusts the output of the compensation module according to the result of the multi-time spectrum analysis;
the compensation module: a chip transmitting module compensated to zero intermediate frequency is given according to a control signal of the control module;
the zero intermediate frequency chip transmitting module and the zero intermediate frequency chip receiving module are directly connected through antenna coupling and/or cables, and a data transmission path is established.
Preferably, said module M1 comprises: acquiring transmission local oscillator leakage information through a zero intermediate frequency chip transmitting module, and amplifying and attenuating the local oscillator leakage information through a link to transmit the local oscillator leakage information to a zero intermediate frequency chip receiving module;
preferably, said module M2 comprises: the zero intermediate frequency chip receiving module amplifies the received signal, local oscillator leakage information is converted into baseband information with a preset frequency through an IQ (in-phase quadrature) mixer, and the baseband information is converted into a digital signal by a receiving analog-to-digital converter in the zero intermediate frequency chip receiving module and sent to a baseband programmable chip module;
setting the offset of a preset frequency by transmitting a local oscillation signal by a zero intermediate frequency chip transmitting module and setting a local oscillation signal by a zero intermediate frequency chip receiving module, and converting a transmitted local oscillation leakage signal into a baseband signal of a preset frequency point;
the sampling rate of the transmitting local oscillation signal of the zero intermediate frequency chip transmitting module and the sampling rate of the receiving local oscillation signal of the zero intermediate frequency chip receiving module are equivalent, the transmitting local oscillation signal of the zero intermediate frequency chip transmitting module and the receiving local oscillation signal of the zero intermediate frequency chip receiving module deviate to be preset frequency points, and the deviation is not integral multiple of the sampling rate.
Preferably, said module M3 comprises:
module M3.1: after the zero intermediate frequency chip receiving module performs analog-to-digital conversion, a spectrum analysis module in the baseband programmable chip module performs spectrum analysis on the received baseband signal;
module M3.2: analyzing the compensation amplitude ratio according to the spectrum analysis result, and generating a minimum compensation value by a compensation module in the baseband programmable chip module according to the effective bit of a preset value;
module M3.3: adding the compensation value to a zero intermediate frequency chip transmitting module, acquiring a compensated transmitting local oscillator leakage signal by a baseband programmable chip module, performing spectrum analysis on the current local oscillator leakage signal, judging whether a spectrum analysis peak value is smaller than a threshold value, finishing calibration when the spectrum analysis peak value is smaller than the threshold value, and performing secondary calibration when the spectrum analysis peak value is larger than the threshold value;
module M3.4: acquiring channel response according to the peak difference value and the compensation value of the two adjacent spectrum analysis results, and dividing the inverted data of the current spectrum analysis result by the channel response to acquire a new compensation value;
module M3.5: adding the compensation value to a zero intermediate frequency chip transmitting module, acquiring a compensated transmitting local oscillator leakage signal by a baseband programmable chip module, performing spectrum analysis on the current local oscillator leakage signal, judging whether a spectrum analysis peak value is smaller than a threshold value, and finishing calibration when the spectrum analysis peak value is smaller than the threshold value; when greater than the threshold, the module M3.4 to module M3.5 calibration process is repeated until the spectral analysis peak is less than the threshold.
The invention provides a local oscillator leakage calibration method for a zero intermediate frequency transceiver chip, which comprises the following steps:
the baseband programmable chip module is connected with the zero intermediate frequency chip transmitting module, and the zero intermediate frequency chip transmitting module is connected with the zero intermediate frequency chip receiving module;
setting a baseband programmable chip module to be powered on and enter a working state; the baseband programmable chip module controls the equipment to enter a calibration state, and the zero intermediate frequency chip transmitting module does not send any data;
step M1: local oscillator leakage information is generated from a zero intermediate frequency chip transmitting module and flows to a zero intermediate frequency chip receiving module;
step M2: the zero intermediate frequency chip receiving module converts the local oscillator leakage information into baseband information of a preset frequency point and performs analog-to-digital conversion on the baseband information of the preset frequency point;
step M3: after the zero intermediate frequency chip receiving module carries out analog-to-digital conversion, the baseband information is sent to the baseband programmable chip module for analysis and processing to obtain a compensation value, and calibration is completed;
the zero intermediate frequency chip transmitting module: the output signal contains local oscillator leakage information to be calibrated;
the zero intermediate frequency chip receiving module: converting local oscillator leakage information into baseband signals, and sending the baseband signals to a baseband programmable chip module after sampling processing;
the baseband programmable chip module: and analyzing the compensation data for generating the local oscillator leakage information.
Preferably, the zero intermediate frequency chip transmitting module includes: a transmitting digital-to-analog converter, an IQ quadrature mixer, an adjustable gain amplifier and/or an adjustable attenuator;
the zero intermediate frequency chip receiving module comprises: a receiving analog-to-digital converter, an IQ quadrature mixer and/or a tunable gain amplifier;
the baseband programmable chip module comprises: the system comprises a spectrum analysis module, a control module and a compensation module; in the initial state, the baseband programmable chip module does not send any calibration information;
the baseband programmable chip type comprises an FPGA chip and/or a DSP chip;
the spectrum analysis module comprises: analyzing the compensation amplitude ratio, and obtaining an estimated amplitude value by adopting DFT operation including a single frequency point because the receiving frequency point is known;
the control module: the control module adjusts the output of the compensation module according to the results of the multiple times of spectrum analysis;
the compensation module: a chip transmitting module compensated to zero intermediate frequency is given according to a control signal of the control module;
the zero intermediate frequency chip transmitting module and the zero intermediate frequency chip receiving module are directly connected through antenna coupling and/or cables, and a data transmission path is established.
Preferably, the step M1 includes: acquiring transmission local oscillator leakage information through a zero intermediate frequency chip transmitting module, and amplifying and attenuating the local oscillator leakage information through a link to transmit the local oscillator leakage information to a zero intermediate frequency chip receiving module;
preferably, the step M2 includes: the zero intermediate frequency chip receiving module amplifies the received signal, local oscillator leakage information is converted into baseband information with a preset frequency through an IQ (in-phase quadrature) mixer, and the baseband information is converted into a digital signal by a receiving analog-to-digital converter in the zero intermediate frequency chip receiving module and sent to a baseband programmable chip module;
setting the offset of a preset frequency by transmitting a local oscillation signal by a zero intermediate frequency chip transmitting module and setting a local oscillation signal by a zero intermediate frequency chip receiving module, and converting a transmitted local oscillation leakage signal into a baseband signal of a preset frequency point;
the sampling rate of the transmitting local oscillation signal of the zero intermediate frequency chip transmitting module and the sampling rate of the receiving local oscillation signal of the zero intermediate frequency chip receiving module are equivalent, the transmitting local oscillation signal of the zero intermediate frequency chip transmitting module and the receiving local oscillation signal of the zero intermediate frequency chip receiving module deviate to be preset frequency points, and the deviation is not integral multiple of the sampling rate.
Preferably, the step M3 includes:
step M3.1: after the zero intermediate frequency chip receiving module performs analog-to-digital conversion, a spectrum analysis module in the baseband programmable chip module performs spectrum analysis on the received baseband signal;
step M3.2: analyzing the compensation amplitude ratio according to the spectrum analysis result, and generating a minimum compensation value by a compensation module in the baseband programmable chip module according to the effective bit of a preset value;
step M3.3: adding the compensation value to a zero intermediate frequency chip transmitting module, acquiring a compensated transmitting local oscillator leakage signal by a baseband programmable chip module, performing spectrum analysis on the current local oscillator leakage signal, judging whether a spectrum analysis peak value is smaller than a threshold value, finishing calibration when the spectrum analysis peak value is smaller than the threshold value, and performing secondary calibration when the spectrum analysis peak value is larger than the threshold value;
step M3.4: acquiring channel response according to the peak difference value and the compensation value of the two adjacent spectrum analysis results, and dividing the inverted data of the current spectrum analysis result by the channel response to acquire a new compensation value;
step M3.5: adding the compensation value to a zero intermediate frequency chip transmitting module, acquiring a compensated transmitting local oscillator leakage signal by a baseband programmable chip module, performing spectrum analysis on the current local oscillator leakage signal, judging whether a spectrum analysis peak value is smaller than a threshold value, and finishing calibration when the spectrum analysis peak value is smaller than the threshold value; when greater than the threshold, the calibration process of steps M3.4 to M3.5 is repeated until the peak of the spectral analysis is less than the threshold.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. a special analog calibration circuit is not required to be added, and the implementation method is simple;
2. the known frequency point spectrum estimation algorithm is adopted, the implementation is easy, and the consumption of baseband logic resources is less;
3. the receiving end local oscillator leakage does not affect the transmitting end calibration result, and the receiving local oscillator is not required to be calibrated in advance.
Drawings
Other features, objects and advantages of the invention will become more apparent upon reading of the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings:
fig. 1 is a system structure of a zero if rf transceiver in which the calibration system designed by the present invention is located;
FIG. 2 is a digital module according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a flow chart of a method designed by the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that it would be obvious to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. All falling within the scope of the present invention.
The local oscillator leakage calibration system for the zero intermediate frequency receiving and transmitting chip provided by the invention comprises:
by designing a module algorithm on a programmable chip, the local oscillator leakage can be perfectly compensated by using the existing radio frequency receiving and transmitting system.
During calibration, the baseband programmable chip module is connected to the zero-if chip transmitter module, and the zero-if chip transmitter module is connected to the zero-if chip receiver module manually using a cable, or an antenna is used to couple the signal of the zero-if chip transmitter module to the zero-if chip receiver module, so as to provide a signal identification link.
And the signal identification link (which refers to a transmission line established by an antenna or a cable) is used for acquiring the transmission local oscillator leakage information by using the receiving link of the zero intermediate frequency chip receiving module. The leaked transmitting local oscillator signal can be converted into a low-frequency signal by means of a mixer, an analog-to-digital converter and the like of the zero intermediate frequency chip receiving module. And is easily analyzed.
Setting a chip to be electrified and enter a working state, controlling a device to enter a calibration state by a baseband control module (in a baseband programmable chip module), and not sending any data by a data terminal IQ (I-path Q-path of an IQ quadrature mixer of a zero intermediate frequency chip transmitting module);
module M1: local oscillator leakage information is generated from a zero intermediate frequency chip transmitting module and flows to a zero intermediate frequency chip receiving module through an antenna or a loop cable;
specifically, the module M1 includes: acquiring transmission local oscillator leakage information through a zero intermediate frequency chip transmitting module, and amplifying and attenuating the local oscillator leakage information through a link to transmit the local oscillator leakage information to a zero intermediate frequency chip receiving module;
module M2: the zero intermediate frequency chip receiving module converts local oscillator leakage information into baseband information with lower frequency, and performs analog-to-digital conversion on the baseband information of the preset frequency point;
specifically, the module M2 includes: the zero intermediate frequency chip receiving module amplifies the received signal, local oscillator leakage information is converted into baseband information with a preset frequency through an IQ (in-phase quadrature) mixer, and the baseband information is converted into a digital signal by a receiving analog-to-digital converter in the zero intermediate frequency chip receiving module and sent to a baseband programmable chip module;
setting a certain frequency offset between a local oscillation signal transmitted by a zero intermediate frequency chip transmitting module and a local oscillation signal of a zero intermediate frequency chip receiving module, and converting a transmitted local oscillation leakage signal into a baseband signal of a preset frequency point;
the sampling rates of the transmitting local oscillation signal of the zero intermediate frequency chip transmitting module and the receiving local oscillation signal of the zero intermediate frequency chip receiving module are equivalent, the transmitting local oscillation signal of the zero intermediate frequency chip transmitting module and the receiving local oscillation signal of the zero intermediate frequency chip receiving module deviate by a very small frequency point, and preferably, the deviation of the receiving and transmitting local oscillation frequency point is not an integral multiple of the receiving and transmitting sampling rate.
Module M3: after the zero intermediate frequency chip receiving module carries out analog-to-digital conversion, the baseband information is sent to the baseband programmable chip module for analysis and processing to obtain a compensation value, and calibration is completed;
specifically, the module M3 includes:
module M3.1: after the zero intermediate frequency chip receiving module performs analog-to-digital conversion, a spectrum analysis module in the baseband programmable chip module performs spectrum analysis on the received baseband signal;
module M3.2: according to the spectrum analysis result, the compensation amplitude ratio is analyzed, and a compensation module in the baseband programmable chip module generates a minimum compensation value by using an effective bit of a preset value, so that the receiving end is prevented from being saturated;
module M3.3: adding the compensation value to a zero intermediate frequency chip transmitting module, acquiring a compensated transmitting local oscillator leakage signal by a baseband programmable chip module, performing spectrum analysis on the current local oscillator leakage signal, judging whether a spectrum analysis peak value is smaller than a threshold value, finishing calibration when the spectrum analysis peak value is smaller than the threshold value, and performing secondary calibration when the spectrum analysis peak value is larger than the threshold value;
module M3.4: acquiring channel response according to the peak difference value and the compensation value of the two adjacent spectrum analysis results, and dividing the inverted data of the current spectrum analysis result by the channel response to acquire a new compensation value;
module M3.5: adding the compensation value to a zero intermediate frequency chip transmitting module, acquiring a compensated transmitting local oscillator leakage signal by a baseband programmable chip module, performing spectrum analysis on the current local oscillator leakage signal, judging whether a spectrum analysis peak value is smaller than a threshold value, and finishing calibration when the spectrum analysis peak value is smaller than the threshold value; when greater than the threshold, the module M3.4 to module M3.5 calibration process is repeated until the spectral analysis peak is less than the threshold.
And the ideal calibration result can be obtained only by carrying out the loop of the local oscillator leakage information twice for a limited number of times, and the calibration speed is high.
The zero intermediate frequency chip transmitting module: the output signal contains local oscillator leakage information to be calibrated; the compensation signal of the programmable chip is converted into a baseband signal after digital-to-analog conversion by a zero intermediate frequency chip transmitting module, and the baseband signal and the local oscillator signal are mixed to form a final transmitting signal.
The zero intermediate frequency chip receiving module: converting local oscillator leakage information into baseband signals, and sending the baseband signals to a programmable chip module after sampling processing;
the baseband programmable chip module: and analyzing the compensation data for generating the local oscillator leakage information.
Specifically, the zero intermediate frequency chip transmitting module includes: a transmit digital-to-analog converter (DAC), IQ quadrature mixer, adjustable gain amplifier, and/or adjustable attenuator;
the zero intermediate frequency chip receiving module comprises: a receive analog-to-digital converter (ADC), IQ quadrature mixer, and/or a tunable gain amplifier;
the baseband programmable chip module comprises: the system comprises a spectrum analysis module, a control module and a compensation module; in the initial state, the baseband programmable chip module does not send any calibration information;
the spectrum analysis module comprises: analyzing the compensation amplitude ratio; because the received signal is a single-tone signal, the frequency point position is known, and the spectrum amplitude only needs to be known. The spectral analysis module estimates the spectral amplitude by means of the results of the discrete fourier analysis at fixed frequency points.
Because the receiving frequency points are known, the estimation amplitude can be obtained by adopting one-time DFT frequency point calculation (the estimation amplitude can be obtained by single-frequency point DFT operation). And the occupied computing resources are less.
DFT operation is a means of baseband spectrum analysis and cannot directly determine a compensation value. The DFT can estimate the spectrum values of many frequency points, which means that the frequency point values are known, so that only the estimation needs to be known.
The control module: the control equipment enters a calibration state, an I path and a Q path of an IQ quadrature mixer in a zero intermediate frequency chip transmitting module do not send any data, and the control module adjusts the output of the compensation module according to the result of multiple times of spectrum analysis;
the compensation module: a chip transmitting module compensated to zero intermediate frequency is given according to a control signal of the control module; the initial value given by the compensation module is zero, and at the moment, the output signal of the transmitting end only contains the local oscillation leakage value of the transmitting-receiving chip.
The zero intermediate frequency chip transmitting module and the zero intermediate frequency chip receiving module are directly connected through antenna coupling and/or cables, and a data transmission path is established. When the transceiving link is established using the antenna, the link distance and the link environment between the transceiving antennas should be maintained.
The local oscillator leakage calibration method for the zero intermediate frequency receiving and transmitting chip provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
as shown in fig. 3, by performing module algorithm design on the programmable chip, the local oscillator leakage can be compensated perfectly by using the existing radio frequency transceiver system.
During calibration, the baseband programmable chip module is connected to the zero-if chip transmitter module, and the zero-if chip transmitter module is connected to the zero-if chip receiver module manually using a cable, or an antenna is used to couple the signal of the zero-if chip transmitter module to the zero-if chip receiver module, so as to provide a signal identification link.
And the signal identification link (which refers to a transmission line established by an antenna or a cable) is used for acquiring the transmission local oscillator leakage information by using the receiving link of the zero intermediate frequency chip receiving module. The leaked transmitting local oscillator signal can be converted into a low-frequency signal by means of a mixer, an analog-to-digital converter and the like of the zero intermediate frequency chip receiving module. And is easily analyzed.
Setting a chip to be electrified and enter a working state, controlling a device to enter a calibration state by a baseband control module (in a baseband programmable chip module), and not sending any data by a data terminal IQ (I-path Q-path of an IQ quadrature mixer of a zero intermediate frequency chip transmitting module);
step M1: local oscillator leakage information is generated from a zero intermediate frequency chip transmitting module and flows to a zero intermediate frequency chip receiving module through an antenna or a loop cable;
specifically, the step M1 includes: acquiring transmission local oscillator leakage information through a zero intermediate frequency chip transmitting module, and amplifying and attenuating the local oscillator leakage information through a link to transmit the local oscillator leakage information to a zero intermediate frequency chip receiving module;
step M2: the zero intermediate frequency chip receiving module converts local oscillator leakage information into baseband information with lower frequency, and performs analog-to-digital conversion on the baseband information of the preset frequency point;
specifically, the step M2 includes: the zero intermediate frequency chip receiving module amplifies the received signal, local oscillator leakage information is converted into baseband information with a preset frequency through an IQ (in-phase quadrature) mixer, and the baseband information is converted into a digital signal by a receiving analog-to-digital converter in the zero intermediate frequency chip receiving module and sent to a baseband programmable chip module;
setting a certain frequency offset between a local oscillation signal transmitted by a zero intermediate frequency chip transmitting module and a local oscillation signal of a zero intermediate frequency chip receiving module, and converting a transmitted local oscillation leakage signal into a baseband signal of a preset frequency point;
the sampling rates of the transmitting local oscillation signal of the zero intermediate frequency chip transmitting module and the receiving local oscillation signal of the zero intermediate frequency chip receiving module are equivalent, the transmitting local oscillation signal of the zero intermediate frequency chip transmitting module and the receiving local oscillation signal of the zero intermediate frequency chip receiving module deviate by a very small frequency point, and preferably, the deviation of the receiving and transmitting local oscillation frequency point is not an integral multiple of the receiving and transmitting sampling rate.
Step M3: after the zero intermediate frequency chip receiving module carries out analog-to-digital conversion, the baseband information is sent to the baseband programmable chip module for analysis and processing to obtain a compensation value, and calibration is completed;
specifically, the step M3 includes:
step M3.1: after the zero intermediate frequency chip receiving module performs analog-to-digital conversion, a spectrum analysis module in the baseband programmable chip module performs spectrum analysis on the received baseband signal;
step M3.2: according to the spectrum analysis result, the compensation amplitude ratio is analyzed, and a compensation module in the baseband programmable chip module generates a minimum compensation value by using an effective bit of a preset value, so that the receiving end is prevented from being saturated;
step M3.3: adding the compensation value to a zero intermediate frequency chip transmitting module, acquiring a compensated transmitting local oscillator leakage signal by a baseband programmable chip module, performing spectrum analysis on the current local oscillator leakage signal, judging whether a spectrum analysis peak value is smaller than a threshold value, finishing calibration when the spectrum analysis peak value is smaller than the threshold value, and performing secondary calibration when the spectrum analysis peak value is larger than the threshold value;
step M3.4: acquiring channel response according to the peak difference value and the compensation value of the two adjacent spectrum analysis results, and dividing the inverted data of the current spectrum analysis result by the channel response to acquire a new compensation value;
step M3.5: adding the compensation value to a zero intermediate frequency chip transmitting module, acquiring a compensated transmitting local oscillator leakage signal by a baseband programmable chip module, performing spectrum analysis on the current local oscillator leakage signal, judging whether a spectrum analysis peak value is smaller than a threshold value, and finishing calibration when the spectrum analysis peak value is smaller than the threshold value; when greater than the threshold, the calibration process of steps M3.4 to M3.5 is repeated until the peak of the spectral analysis is less than the threshold.
And the ideal calibration result can be obtained only by carrying out the loop of the local oscillator leakage information twice for a limited number of times, and the calibration speed is high.
The zero intermediate frequency chip transmitting module: the output signal contains local oscillator leakage information to be calibrated; the compensation signal of the programmable chip is converted into a baseband signal after digital-to-analog conversion by a zero intermediate frequency chip transmitting module, and the baseband signal and the local oscillator signal are mixed to form a final transmitting signal.
The zero intermediate frequency chip receiving module: converting local oscillator leakage information into baseband signals, and sending the baseband signals to a programmable chip module after sampling processing;
the baseband programmable chip module: and analyzing the compensation data for generating the local oscillator leakage information.
Specifically, the zero intermediate frequency chip transmitting module includes: a transmit digital-to-analog converter (DAC), IQ quadrature mixer, adjustable gain amplifier, and/or adjustable attenuator;
the zero intermediate frequency chip receiving module comprises: a receive analog-to-digital converter (ADC), IQ quadrature mixer, and/or a tunable gain amplifier;
as shown in fig. 2, the baseband programmable chip module includes: the system comprises a spectrum analysis module, a control module and a compensation module; in the initial state, the baseband programmable chip module does not send any calibration information;
the spectrum analysis module comprises: analyzing the compensation amplitude ratio; because the received signal is a single-tone signal, the frequency point position is known, and the spectrum amplitude only needs to be known. The spectral analysis module estimates the spectral amplitude by means of the results of the discrete fourier analysis at fixed frequency points.
Because the receiving frequency points are known, the estimation amplitude can be obtained by adopting one-time DFT frequency point calculation (the estimation amplitude can be obtained by single-frequency point DFT operation). And the occupied computing resources are less.
DFT operation is a means of baseband spectrum analysis and cannot directly determine a compensation value. The DFT can estimate the spectrum values of many frequency points, which means that the frequency point values are known, so that only the estimation needs to be known.
The control module: the control equipment enters a calibration state, an I path and a Q path of an IQ quadrature mixer in a zero intermediate frequency chip transmitting module do not send any data, and the control module adjusts the output of the compensation module according to the result of multiple times of spectrum analysis;
the compensation module: a chip transmitting module compensated to zero intermediate frequency is given according to a control signal of the control module; the initial value given by the compensation module is zero, and at the moment, the output signal of the transmitting end only contains the local oscillation leakage value of the transmitting-receiving chip.
The zero intermediate frequency chip transmitting module and the zero intermediate frequency chip receiving module are directly connected through antenna coupling and/or cables, and a data transmission path is established. When the transceiving link is established using the antenna, the link distance and the link environment between the transceiving antennas should be maintained.
The technical scheme of the invention is described in detail in the following with reference to the attached drawings of the specification.
Referring to fig. 1, it is a block diagram of a calibration method proposed in the present invention. The local oscillator signal leaked at the transmitting end can be modeled by using quadrature IQ signals, that is, the transmitting signal TX is a cos (wt) + b sin (wt). The calibration is performed to find the values of a and b, where w is the transmit local oscillator frequency.
The transmitting local oscillator (301) is used for generating a local oscillation signal at the transmitting end, and the frequency is consistent with the frequency of the leaked local oscillation signal. The transmit local oscillator frequency is set manually and thus the frequency is known.
Preferably, the transmit local oscillator frequency and the receive local oscillator frequency are separated by 1MHz, so that the transmit local oscillator leakage signal and the receive local oscillator leakage signal can be separated. Therefore, the reliability of the emission local oscillator leakage calibration result is ensured.
There may be an attenuator or amplifier (402) at the transmitting end, and it is critical to ensure the stability of the link gain when performing calibration, because the data actually obtained at the receiving end is the value amplified or attenuated by the link, and the value of a or b cannot be directly obtained. Only if the link gain is kept stable, it can be guaranteed that the calibration result is not affected by link fluctuations.
The connection between the transceiving links may be either direct via a cable or coupled via an antenna. It is critical to maintain link reliability. The calibrated loop back signal may be obtained by establishing a connection between the transceiver links.
There may be an amplifier or an attenuator (401) at the receiving end, and it is critical to ensure the stability of the link gain when performing calibration, because the data actually obtained at the receiving end is the value amplified or attenuated by the link, and the value of a or b cannot be directly obtained. Only if the link gain is kept stable, it can be guaranteed that the calibration result is not affected by link fluctuations.
The receiving local oscillator (301) is used for generating a local oscillation signal of the receiving end, and the frequency is consistent with the frequency of the leaked local oscillation signal. The reception local oscillation frequency is manually set, and thus the frequencies are uniform. The receive local oscillator frequency should be offset from the transmit local oscillator frequency.
Preferably, the transmit local oscillator frequency and the receive local oscillator frequency are separated by 1MHz, so that the transmit local oscillator leakage signal and the receive local oscillator leakage signal can be separated. Therefore, the reliability of the emission local oscillator leakage calibration result is ensured.
And the receiving end quadrature mixer mixes the received local oscillation signal with the loop signal to obtain a baseband signal with lower frequency.
The baseband signal is sampled by AD (Analog Digital) and sent to a baseband Digital signal processing chip. Generally, the baseband digital signal processing chip may be an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) or a DSP (digital signal Processor).
The spectrum analysis module (102) is a module designed in a digital link, and the amplitude of the known frequency point can be directly calculated by means of a DFT (Discrete Fourier Transform) formula because the position of the frequency point is known. Not generally, the number of points of DFT may be set to 512, and in order to offset random errors, a periodogram method may be used to accumulate a plurality of repetition periods.
Preferably, for the quadrature modulator, the baseband signal frequency points may be distributed on both sides of the dc component, depending on the amplitude and sign of a and b. The spectral analysis extracts values on both sides to estimate the amplitude ratio of a and b.
The control module (101) has two functions, namely temporarily storing the spectrum analysis result, and comparing the current spectrum analysis result with the last spectrum analysis result to determine the value of the compensation component.
Preferably, the control module determines the adjustment amplitude by subtracting the previously stored spectrum amplitude test result from the current spectrum amplitude test result. And converting the subtraction result into values of a and b according to the proportion of (a + b) and (a-b).
Preferably, in the actual measurement, the zeroth temporary storage value should default to all zeros.
The compensation module (103) gives compensation to the transmit chain according to the control signal of the control module.
Preferably, in practical applications, a small compensation value should be adopted after the first measurement, for example, only the lowest two bits of the ADC significant digit can be adopted as the compensation value to prevent the output signal from being too large and generating abnormal results.
The foregoing description of specific embodiments of the present invention has been presented. It is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and that various changes or modifications may be made by one skilled in the art within the scope of the appended claims without departing from the spirit of the invention. The embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other arbitrarily without conflict.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that, in addition to implementing the systems, apparatus, and various modules thereof provided by the present invention in purely computer readable program code, the same procedures can be implemented entirely by logically programming method steps such that the systems, apparatus, and various modules thereof are provided in the form of logic gates, switches, application specific integrated circuits, programmable logic controllers, embedded microcontrollers and the like. Therefore, the system, the device and the modules thereof provided by the present invention can be considered as a hardware component, and the modules included in the system, the device and the modules thereof for implementing various programs can also be considered as structures in the hardware component; modules for performing various functions may also be considered to be both software programs for performing the methods and structures within hardware components.
The foregoing description of specific embodiments of the present invention has been presented. It is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and that various changes or modifications may be made by one skilled in the art within the scope of the appended claims without departing from the spirit of the invention. The embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other arbitrarily without conflict.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a calibration system is revealed to local oscillator to zero intermediate frequency transceiver chip which characterized in that includes: the device comprises a baseband programmable chip module, a zero intermediate frequency chip transmitting module and a frequency chip receiving module;
the baseband programmable chip module is connected with the zero intermediate frequency chip transmitting module, and the zero intermediate frequency chip transmitting module is connected with the zero intermediate frequency chip receiving module;
setting a baseband programmable chip module to be powered on and enter a working state; the baseband programmable chip module controls the equipment to enter a calibration state, and the zero intermediate frequency chip transmitting module does not send any data;
module M1: local oscillator leakage information is generated from a zero intermediate frequency chip transmitting module and flows to a zero intermediate frequency chip receiving module;
module M2: the zero intermediate frequency chip receiving module converts the local oscillator leakage information into baseband information of a preset frequency point and performs analog-to-digital conversion on the baseband information of the preset frequency point;
module M3: after the zero intermediate frequency chip receiving module carries out analog-to-digital conversion, the baseband information is sent to the baseband programmable chip module for analysis and processing to obtain a compensation value, and calibration is completed;
the zero intermediate frequency chip transmitting module: the output signal contains local oscillator leakage information to be calibrated;
the zero intermediate frequency chip receiving module: converting local oscillator leakage information into baseband signals, and sending the baseband signals to a baseband programmable chip module after sampling processing;
the baseband programmable chip module: and analyzing the compensation data for generating the local oscillator leakage information.
2. The local oscillator leakage calibration system for the zero intermediate frequency transceiver chip according to claim 1, wherein the zero intermediate frequency chip transmitting module comprises: a transmitting digital-to-analog converter, an IQ quadrature mixer, an adjustable gain amplifier and/or an adjustable attenuator;
the zero intermediate frequency chip receiving module comprises: a receiving analog-to-digital converter, an IQ quadrature mixer and/or a tunable gain amplifier;
the baseband programmable chip module comprises: the system comprises a spectrum analysis module, a control module and a compensation module; in the initial state, the baseband programmable chip module does not send any calibration information;
the baseband programmable chip type comprises an FPGA chip and/or a DSP chip;
the spectrum analysis module comprises: analyzing the compensation amplitude ratio, and obtaining an estimated amplitude value by adopting DFT operation including a single frequency point because the receiving frequency point is known;
the control module: the control module enters a calibration state, the IQ quadrature mixer in the zero intermediate frequency chip transmitting module does not send any data, and the control module adjusts the output of the compensation module according to the result of the multi-time spectrum analysis;
the compensation module: a chip transmitting module compensated to zero intermediate frequency is given according to a control signal of the control module;
the zero intermediate frequency chip transmitting module and the zero intermediate frequency chip receiving module are directly connected through antenna coupling and/or cables, and a data transmission path is established.
3. The system according to claim 1, wherein the module M1 comprises: and acquiring the transmission local oscillator leakage information through the zero intermediate frequency chip transmitting module, and amplifying and attenuating the local oscillator leakage information through a link to transmit the local oscillator leakage information to the zero intermediate frequency chip receiving module.
4. The system according to claim 1, wherein the module M2 comprises: the zero intermediate frequency chip receiving module amplifies the received signal, local oscillator leakage information is converted into baseband information with a preset frequency through an IQ (in-phase quadrature) mixer, and the baseband information is converted into a digital signal by a receiving analog-to-digital converter in the zero intermediate frequency chip receiving module and sent to a baseband programmable chip module;
setting the offset of a preset frequency by transmitting a local oscillation signal by a zero intermediate frequency chip transmitting module and setting a local oscillation signal by a zero intermediate frequency chip receiving module, and converting a transmitted local oscillation leakage signal into a baseband signal of a preset frequency point;
the sampling rate of the transmitting local oscillation signal of the zero intermediate frequency chip transmitting module and the sampling rate of the receiving local oscillation signal of the zero intermediate frequency chip receiving module are equivalent, the transmitting local oscillation signal of the zero intermediate frequency chip transmitting module and the receiving local oscillation signal of the zero intermediate frequency chip receiving module deviate to be preset frequency points, and the deviation is not integral multiple of the sampling rate.
5. The system according to claim 1, wherein the module M3 comprises:
module M3.1: after the zero intermediate frequency chip receiving module performs analog-to-digital conversion, a spectrum analysis module in the baseband programmable chip module performs spectrum analysis on the received baseband signal;
module M3.2: analyzing the compensation amplitude ratio according to the spectrum analysis result, and generating a minimum compensation value by a compensation module in the baseband programmable chip module according to the effective bit of a preset value;
module M3.3: adding the compensation value to a zero intermediate frequency chip transmitting module, acquiring a compensated transmitting local oscillator leakage signal by a baseband programmable chip module, performing spectrum analysis on the current local oscillator leakage signal, judging whether a spectrum analysis peak value is smaller than a threshold value, finishing calibration when the spectrum analysis peak value is smaller than the threshold value, and performing secondary calibration when the spectrum analysis peak value is larger than the threshold value;
module M3.4: acquiring channel response according to the peak difference value and the compensation value of the two adjacent spectrum analysis results, and dividing the inverted data of the current spectrum analysis result by the channel response to acquire a new compensation value;
module M3.5: adding the compensation value to a zero intermediate frequency chip transmitting module, acquiring a compensated transmitting local oscillator leakage signal by a baseband programmable chip module, performing spectrum analysis on the current local oscillator leakage signal, judging whether a spectrum analysis peak value is smaller than a threshold value, and finishing calibration when the spectrum analysis peak value is smaller than the threshold value; when greater than the threshold, the module M3.4 to module M3.5 calibration process is repeated until the spectral analysis peak is less than the threshold.
6. A local oscillator leakage calibration method for a zero intermediate frequency transceiver chip is characterized by comprising the following steps: the device comprises a baseband programmable chip module, a zero intermediate frequency chip transmitting module and a frequency chip receiving module;
the baseband programmable chip module is connected with the zero intermediate frequency chip transmitting module, and the zero intermediate frequency chip transmitting module is connected with the zero intermediate frequency chip receiving module;
setting a baseband programmable chip module to be powered on and enter a working state; the baseband programmable chip module controls the equipment to enter a calibration state, and the zero intermediate frequency chip transmitting module does not send any data;
step M1: local oscillator leakage information is generated from a zero intermediate frequency chip transmitting module and flows to a zero intermediate frequency chip receiving module;
step M2: the zero intermediate frequency chip receiving module converts the local oscillator leakage information into baseband information of a preset frequency point and performs analog-to-digital conversion on the baseband information of the preset frequency point;
step M3: after the zero intermediate frequency chip receiving module carries out analog-to-digital conversion, the baseband information is sent to the baseband programmable chip module for analysis and processing to obtain a compensation value, and calibration is completed;
the zero intermediate frequency chip transmitting module: the output signal contains local oscillator leakage information to be calibrated;
the zero intermediate frequency chip receiving module: converting local oscillator leakage information into baseband signals, and sending the baseband signals to a baseband programmable chip module after sampling processing;
the baseband programmable chip module: and analyzing the compensation data for generating the local oscillator leakage information.
7. The local oscillator leakage calibration method for the zero intermediate frequency transceiver chip according to claim 6, wherein the zero intermediate frequency chip transmitting module includes: a transmitting digital-to-analog converter, an IQ quadrature mixer, an adjustable gain amplifier and/or an adjustable attenuator;
the zero intermediate frequency chip receiving module comprises: a receiving analog-to-digital converter, an IQ quadrature mixer and/or a tunable gain amplifier;
the baseband programmable chip module comprises: the system comprises a spectrum analysis module, a control module and a compensation module; in the initial state, the baseband programmable chip module does not send any calibration information;
the baseband programmable chip type comprises an FPGA chip and/or a DSP chip;
the spectrum analysis module comprises: analyzing the compensation amplitude ratio, and obtaining an estimated amplitude value by adopting DFT operation including a single frequency point because the receiving frequency point is known;
the control module: the control module adjusts the output of the compensation module according to the results of the multiple times of spectrum analysis;
the compensation module: a chip transmitting module compensated to zero intermediate frequency is given according to a control signal of the control module;
the zero intermediate frequency chip transmitting module and the zero intermediate frequency chip receiving module are directly connected through antenna coupling and/or cables, and a data transmission path is established.
8. The local oscillator leakage calibration method for the zero intermediate frequency transceiver chip as claimed in claim 6, wherein the step M1 includes: and acquiring the transmission local oscillator leakage information through the zero intermediate frequency chip transmitting module, and amplifying and attenuating the local oscillator leakage information through a link to transmit the local oscillator leakage information to the zero intermediate frequency chip receiving module.
9. The local oscillator leakage calibration method for the zero intermediate frequency transceiver chip as claimed in claim 6, wherein the step M2 includes: the zero intermediate frequency chip receiving module amplifies the received signal, local oscillator leakage information is converted into baseband information with a preset frequency through an IQ (in-phase quadrature) mixer, and the baseband information is converted into a digital signal by a receiving analog-to-digital converter in the zero intermediate frequency chip receiving module and sent to a baseband programmable chip module;
setting the offset of a preset frequency by transmitting a local oscillation signal by a zero intermediate frequency chip transmitting module and setting a local oscillation signal by a zero intermediate frequency chip receiving module, and converting a transmitted local oscillation leakage signal into a baseband signal of a preset frequency point;
the sampling rate of the transmitting local oscillation signal of the zero intermediate frequency chip transmitting module and the sampling rate of the receiving local oscillation signal of the zero intermediate frequency chip receiving module are equivalent, the transmitting local oscillation signal of the zero intermediate frequency chip transmitting module and the receiving local oscillation signal of the zero intermediate frequency chip receiving module deviate to be preset frequency points, and the deviation is not integral multiple of the sampling rate.
10. The local oscillator leakage calibration method for the zero intermediate frequency transceiver chip as claimed in claim 6, wherein the step M3 includes:
step M3.1: after the zero intermediate frequency chip receiving module performs analog-to-digital conversion, a spectrum analysis module in the baseband programmable chip module performs spectrum analysis on the received baseband signal;
step M3.2: analyzing the compensation amplitude ratio according to the spectrum analysis result, and generating a minimum compensation value by a compensation module in the baseband programmable chip module according to the effective bit of a preset value;
step M3.3: adding the compensation value to a zero intermediate frequency chip transmitting module, acquiring a compensated transmitting local oscillator leakage signal by a baseband programmable chip module, performing spectrum analysis on the current local oscillator leakage signal, judging whether a spectrum analysis peak value is smaller than a threshold value, finishing calibration when the spectrum analysis peak value is smaller than the threshold value, and performing secondary calibration when the spectrum analysis peak value is larger than the threshold value;
step M3.4: acquiring channel response according to the peak difference value and the compensation value of the two adjacent spectrum analysis results, and dividing the inverted data of the current spectrum analysis result by the channel response to acquire a new compensation value;
step M3.5: adding the compensation value to a zero intermediate frequency chip transmitting module, acquiring a compensated transmitting local oscillator leakage signal by a baseband programmable chip module, performing spectrum analysis on the current local oscillator leakage signal, judging whether a spectrum analysis peak value is smaller than a threshold value, and finishing calibration when the spectrum analysis peak value is smaller than the threshold value; when greater than the threshold, the calibration process of steps M3.4 to M3.5 is repeated until the peak of the spectral analysis is less than the threshold.
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