CN111181372A - Direct current bus current limiting circuit - Google Patents
Direct current bus current limiting circuit Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111181372A CN111181372A CN202010137635.1A CN202010137635A CN111181372A CN 111181372 A CN111181372 A CN 111181372A CN 202010137635 A CN202010137635 A CN 202010137635A CN 111181372 A CN111181372 A CN 111181372A
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- Prior art keywords
- resistor
- limiting circuit
- direct current
- bus
- operational amplifier
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P7/00—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors
- H02P7/06—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors for regulating or controlling an individual dc dynamo-electric motor by varying field or armature current
- H02P7/18—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors for regulating or controlling an individual dc dynamo-electric motor by varying field or armature current by master control with auxiliary power
- H02P7/24—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors for regulating or controlling an individual dc dynamo-electric motor by varying field or armature current by master control with auxiliary power using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices
- H02P7/28—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors for regulating or controlling an individual dc dynamo-electric motor by varying field or armature current by master control with auxiliary power using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices using semiconductor devices
- H02P7/285—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors for regulating or controlling an individual dc dynamo-electric motor by varying field or armature current by master control with auxiliary power using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices using semiconductor devices controlling armature supply only
- H02P7/292—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors for regulating or controlling an individual dc dynamo-electric motor by varying field or armature current by master control with auxiliary power using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices using semiconductor devices controlling armature supply only using static converters, e.g. AC to DC
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of motor control and switching power supply control, and relates to a direct current limiting circuit, which comprises resistors R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R9, a field-effect tube V1, a triode V2, an operational amplifier N1 and a voltage-stabilizing diode D1; the direct current bus current limiting circuit is simple, few in devices and strong in self-adaptive capacity, the current amplification function of the triode tube and the working characteristics of the constant current region of the field effect tube are utilized, the direct current bus current limiting function can be realized, the current limiting value can be adjusted by adjusting the resistance parameters, and the direct current bus current limiting circuit is widely applied to various motor drivers and AC/DC and DC/DC switching power supply controllers.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a direct current limiting circuit, in particular to a direct current bus current limiting circuit, and belongs to the technical field of motor control and switching power supply control.
Background
In a DC motor driver and an AC/DC, DC/DC switching power supply controller, a large-capacity capacitor is usually designed in a DC bus or a preceding stage rectified loop to filter a DC voltage of the bus, reduce a rectified pulsating voltage, or absorb voltage disturbance and spike caused by rear-end power conversion. In the moment of input power supply access, because of the unable sudden change of large capacity capacitor voltage, very big charging current can appear, and this too big current can cause input power supply to transship, even causes the system overcurrent protection and cuts off the power supply, also can cause the capacitor life-span simultaneously to reduce, and the reliability descends.
In the starting phase of the dc motor, since the back electromotive force of the motor is small, the starting current is large, usually more than 3 times of the rated value, and the inrush current also causes the reliability of the motor itself and the power supply system to be reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is: the invention aims to solve the problem that bus current is overlarge instantaneously when a load power supply of a direct current bus loop is switched on or at the starting stage of a motor, reduce the service life and reliability of a system and provide a direct current bus current limiting circuit.
In order to solve the technical problem, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a dc bus current limiting circuit, said limiting circuit comprising: resistors R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R9, a field effect transistor V1, a triode V2, an operational amplifier N1 and a voltage stabilizing diode D1;
the sampling end of the limiting circuit is one end of a resistor R1,
the other end of the resistor R1 is respectively connected with one end of a resistor R2, the anode of the voltage stabilizing diode D1 and the collector of the triode V2,
the other end of the resistor R2 is respectively connected with the grid of the field effect transistor V1 and one end of the resistor R3,
the other end of the resistor R3 is respectively connected with the source electrode of the field effect transistor V1, one end of the resistor R4 and one end of the resistor R5,
the other end of the resistor R5 is respectively connected with one end of the resistor R6 and the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier N1,
one end of the resistor R7 is respectively connected with one end of the resistor R8 and the inverting input end of the operational amplifier N1, the other end of the resistor R4, the cathode of the zener diode D1, the emitter of the triode V2, the other end of the resistor R6, the other end of the resistor R7 and the negative electrode of the working power supply of the operational amplifier N1 are all connected with a direct current power supply ground,
the other end of the resistor R8 is respectively connected with the output end of the operational amplifier N1 and one end of the resistor R9,
the other end of the resistor R9 is connected with the base electrode of the triode V2;
the input end of the limiting circuit is the drain electrode of a field effect transistor V1;
the output end of the limiting circuit is a direct current power ground;
when the limiting circuit is connected with the direct current bus, the sampling end of the limiting circuit is connected with the positive end U of the direct current businThe input end of the limiting circuit is connected with the negative end of the load, and the output end of the limiting circuit is connected with the negative end of the direct current bus;
preferably, the resistors R6 and R8 have the same resistance, and the resistors R5 and R7 have the same resistance;
preferably, the fet V1 is an NPN enhancement mode Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor (MOSFET);
preferably, said transistor V2 is of NPN bipolar transistor type;
in another implementation, the transistor V2 is replaced with an adjustable shunt regulator;
preferably, the positive electrode of the working power supply of the operational amplifier N1 is connected with +5V, so that the reasonable proportion of the output voltage of the operational amplifier N1 and the working power supply voltage can be ensured.
Preferably, the regulated voltage value of the zener diode D1 is in the range of 10 to 20V.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the direct current bus current limiting circuit is simple, few in devices and strong in self-adaptive capacity, can realize the direct current bus current limiting function by utilizing the current amplification function of the collector tube and the variable resistance characteristic of the field effect tube, can adjust the current limiting value by adjusting the resistance parameter, and is widely applied to various motor drivers and AC/DC and DC/DC switching power controllers.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the drawings used in the embodiment of the present invention will be briefly explained. It is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the invention, and that for a person skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the connection of the present invention;
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Features of various aspects of embodiments of the invention will be described in detail below. In the following detailed description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced without these specific details. The following description of the embodiments is merely intended to better understand the present invention by illustrating examples thereof. The present invention is not limited to any particular arrangement or method provided below, but rather covers all product structures, any modifications, alterations, etc. of the method covered without departing from the spirit of the invention.
In the drawings and the following description, well-known structures and techniques are not shown to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the present invention.
An embodiment of the dc bus current limiting circuit of the present invention is described below with reference to fig. 1 and 2, and includes a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a resistor R3, a resistor R4, a resistor R5, a resistor R6, a resistor R7, a resistor R8, a resistor R9, a field-effect transistor V1, a transistor V2, an operational amplifier N1, and a zener diode D1;
the other end of the resistor R1 is respectively connected with one end of a resistor R2, the anode of a zener diode D1 and the collector of a triode V2, the other end of the resistor R2 is respectively connected with the grid of a field effect transistor V1 and one end of a resistor R3, the other end of the resistor R3 is respectively connected with the drain of a field effect transistor V1, one end of a resistor R4 and one end of a resistor R5, the other end of the resistor R5 is respectively connected with one end of a resistor R6 and the non-inverting input end of an operational amplifier N1, one end of a resistor R7 is respectively connected with one end of a resistor R8 and the inverting input end of an operational amplifier N1, the other end of a resistor R4, the cathode of a zener diode D1, the emitter of a triode V2, the other end of a resistor R6, the other end of a resistor R7 and the cathode of an operating power supply of the operational amplifier N7 are respectively connected with a direct current power supply, and the other end, the other end of the resistor R9 is connected with the base electrode of the triode V2;
the resistors R1-R9, the voltage stabilizing diode D1 and the triode V2 meet the following condition relation:
the resistance of the resistor R2 is usually selected to be less than 200 Ω, the resistance of the resistor R3 is greater than 2k Ω, and the resistors R1, R2 and R3 are connected to the DC bus voltage UinIs greater than the regulated voltage value V of the voltage regulator diode D1ZMaximum gate voltage V of field effect transistor V1GSmaxThe relationship of (a) to (b) is as follows:
the effect is that after the current-limiting working mode is completed, the grid voltage of the field-effect tube V1 is the voltage-stabilizing value of the voltage-stabilizing diode D1, and the field-effect tube V1 is in a fully saturated conduction working state;
the resistance value of the resistor R4 is usually selected to be less than 0.1 omega, and the function of the resistor R4 is to realize the collection of the current of a bus loop and form a sampling voltage △ U;
the R5 and R7 resistances are usually the same, the R6 and R8 resistances are usually the same, the resistors R5-R8 and the operational amplifier N1 form a differential amplifying circuit, and output voltage
The resistance of R9 is used to provide transistor V2 base current Ib,
neglecting R2, FET V1 gate voltage VGSThe calculation is as follows:
wherein beta is the current amplification factor of triode V2, UinIs the positive end voltage of the direct current bus;
the drain-source current, i.e., the bus current, of fet V1 is calculated as follows:
ID＝Kn·(VGS-VT)2
wherein KnIs a conductance constant, VTStarting voltage for the MOS tube;
the triode V2 in the limiting circuit can be replaced by an adjustable shunt regulator (such as type TLV 431), the resistances of R5, R6, R7 and R8 are correspondingly adjusted, and when the bus current is a target value, the operational amplifier N1 outputs the voltage U1Reference voltage U equal to adjustable shunt regulatorrefAnd (4) finishing.
The sampling end of the limiting circuit is one end of a resistor R1; the input end of the limiting circuit is the source electrode of a field effect transistor V1; the output end of the limiting circuit is a direct current power ground; when the limiting circuit is connected with the direct current bus, the sampling end of the limiting circuit is connected with the positive end U of the direct current businThe load positive end is connected, the input end of the limiting circuit is connected with the load negative end, and the output end of the limiting circuit is connected with the direct current bus negative end.
After the direct current bus power supply is switched on, the voltage UinThe field effect transistor V1 is controlled to be conducted through the resistors R1 and R2, the bus current flowing through the sampling R4 is increased, the voltage at the two ends of the R4 passes through an amplifying circuit consisting of the resistors R5-R8 and the operational amplifier N1, and then U is output1，U1The base electrode and collector current of the triode V2 are controlled through the resistor R9, the collector current of the triode V2 controls the grid driving voltage of the field-effect tube V1, the drain-source current of the field-effect tube V1 is controlled, and finally bus return is achievedAnd limiting the current of the circuit.
Example 1:
the resistance value of R1 is 20K omega, the resistance value of R2 is 100 omega, the resistance value of R3 is 20K omega, the resistance value of R4 is 0.001 omega, the resistance values of R5 and R7 are 1K omega, the resistance values of R6, R8 and R9 are 50K omega, the model of N1 is LM324, the model of V1 is IXFK360N15T, the model of V2 is 3DK024, the model of D1 is BWB12V, the positive end Uin of the direct current power supply is 28V, and the bus current is limited to 10A.
Example 2:
the triode V2 can be an adjustable parallel voltage stabilizer, the model is TLV431, the resistance of R1 is 40K omega, the resistance of R2 is 120 omega, the resistance of R3 is 50K omega, the resistance of R4 is 0.002 omega, the resistances of R5 and R7 are 1K omega, the resistances of R6 and R8 are 30K omega, the resistance of R9 is 100K omega, the model of N1 is LM324, the model of V1 is IXFK85N60C, the model of V2 is 3DK024, the model of D1 is BWB12V, the positive end Uin of the direct current power supply is 72V, and the limiting bus current is 20A.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive various equivalent modifications or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and these modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A kind of direct current bus current limit circuit, characterized by: the limiting circuit comprises: resistors R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R9, a field effect transistor V1, a triode V2, an operational amplifier N1 and a voltage stabilizing diode D1;
the sampling end of the limiting circuit is one end of a resistor R1,
the other end of the resistor R1 is respectively connected with one end of a resistor R2, the anode of the voltage stabilizing diode D1 and the collector of the triode V2,
the other end of the resistor R2 is respectively connected with the grid of the field effect transistor V1 and one end of the resistor R3,
the other end of the resistor R3 is respectively connected with the source electrode of the field effect transistor V1, one end of the resistor R4 and one end of the resistor R5,
the other end of the resistor R5 is respectively connected with one end of the resistor R6 and the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier N1,
one end of the resistor R7 is connected with one end of the resistor R8 and the inverting input end of the operational amplifier N1 respectively,
the other end of the resistor R4, the cathode of the voltage stabilizing diode D1, the emitter of the triode V2, the other end of the resistor R6, the other end of the resistor R7 and the negative electrode of the working power supply of the operational amplifier N1 are all connected with the ground of a direct current power supply,
the other end of the resistor R8 is respectively connected with the output end of the operational amplifier N1 and one end of the resistor R9,
the other end of the resistor R9 is connected with the base electrode of the triode V2;
the input end of the limiting circuit is the drain electrode of a field effect transistor V1;
the output end of the limiting circuit is a direct current power ground.
2. The dc bus current limiting circuit of claim 1, wherein: when the limiting circuit is connected with the direct current bus, the sampling end of the limiting circuit is connected with the positive end Uin of the direct current bus and the positive end of the load, the input end of the limiting circuit is connected with the negative end of the load, and the output end of the limiting circuit is connected with the negative end of the direct current bus.
3. The dc bus current limiting circuit of claim 1, wherein: the resistor R6 has the same resistance as the resistor R8.
4. The dc bus current limiting circuit of claim 1, wherein: the field effect transistor V1 is an N-channel enhancement type metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor.
5. The dc bus current limiting circuit of claim 1, wherein: the transistor V2 is of NPN bipolar transistor type.
6. The dc bus current limiting circuit of claim 1, wherein: the transistor V2 is replaced with an adjustable shunt regulator.
7. The dc bus current limiting circuit of claim 1, wherein: the positive electrode of the working power supply of the operational amplifier N1 is connected with + 5V.
8. The dc bus current limiting circuit of claim 1, wherein: the regulated voltage value of the voltage stabilizing diode D1 is 10-20V.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010137635.1A CN111181372B (en) | 2020-03-02 | 2020-03-02 | Direct current bus current limiting circuit |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010137635.1A CN111181372B (en) | 2020-03-02 | 2020-03-02 | Direct current bus current limiting circuit |
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| CN111181372A true CN111181372A (en) | 2020-05-19 |
| CN111181372B CN111181372B (en) | 2021-02-02 |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20110033485A (en) * | 2009-09-25 | 2011-03-31 | (주)빅텍 | Inrush current limiting circuit |
| CN104244527A (en) * | 2014-09-17 | 2014-12-24 | 广州视源电子科技股份有限公司 | LED overcurrent protection circuit based on negative temperature coefficient thermistor |
| CN105429106A (en) * | 2015-12-08 | 2016-03-23 | 广州金升阳科技有限公司 | Output short circuit protection method of switch power supply and circuit |
| CN105811750A (en) * | 2016-04-25 | 2016-07-27 | 优利德科技(中国)有限公司 | Lightning-stroke protection voltage-stabilizing power supply with ultra-wide voltage input function, and current-limiting and voltage-stabilizing method therefor |
| CN106211479A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2016-12-07 | 宁波耀泰电器有限公司 | A kind of intelligent protection circuit buffering transient high-current |
| CN106843353A (en) * | 2017-03-31 | 2017-06-13 | 北京东方计量测试研究所 | High-voltage dc stabilization pressuring power |
| CN103683206B (en) * | 2013-12-18 | 2017-08-22 | 深圳市共进电子股份有限公司 | Input over-and under-voltage protection circuit and method with high voltage startup |
| CN208353213U (en) * | 2018-04-12 | 2019-01-08 | 四川升华电源科技有限公司 | A kind of Switching Power Supply start-up circuit |
-
2020
- 2020-03-02 CN CN202010137635.1A patent/CN111181372B/en active Active
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20110033485A (en) * | 2009-09-25 | 2011-03-31 | (주)빅텍 | Inrush current limiting circuit |
| CN103683206B (en) * | 2013-12-18 | 2017-08-22 | 深圳市共进电子股份有限公司 | Input over-and under-voltage protection circuit and method with high voltage startup |
| CN104244527A (en) * | 2014-09-17 | 2014-12-24 | 广州视源电子科技股份有限公司 | LED overcurrent protection circuit based on negative temperature coefficient thermistor |
| CN105429106A (en) * | 2015-12-08 | 2016-03-23 | 广州金升阳科技有限公司 | Output short circuit protection method of switch power supply and circuit |
| CN105811750A (en) * | 2016-04-25 | 2016-07-27 | 优利德科技(中国)有限公司 | Lightning-stroke protection voltage-stabilizing power supply with ultra-wide voltage input function, and current-limiting and voltage-stabilizing method therefor |
| CN106211479A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2016-12-07 | 宁波耀泰电器有限公司 | A kind of intelligent protection circuit buffering transient high-current |
| CN106843353A (en) * | 2017-03-31 | 2017-06-13 | 北京东方计量测试研究所 | High-voltage dc stabilization pressuring power |
| CN208353213U (en) * | 2018-04-12 | 2019-01-08 | 四川升华电源科技有限公司 | A kind of Switching Power Supply start-up circuit |
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| CN111181372B (en) | 2021-02-02 |
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