CN111175359A - Chitosan/polyacrylic acid multilayer film modified electrode for electrochemical recognition of tryptophan enantiomer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Chitosan/polyacrylic acid multilayer film modified electrode for electrochemical recognition of tryptophan enantiomer and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a chitosan/polyacrylic acid multilayer film modified electrode for electrochemical recognition of tryptophan enantiomer and a preparation method thereof, and the method comprises the following steps: firstly, preparing a chitosan modified electrode, placing the chitosan modified electrode in a polyacrylic acid solution for further modification to prepare a chitosan/polyacrylic acid modified electrode, preparing the chitosan/polyacrylic acid multilayer film modified electrode for 1-9 times according to the steps, then placing the chitosan/polyacrylic acid multilayer film modified electrode in the chitosan solution to prepare a multilayer film modified electrode, and then dropwise adding PEDOT: and (3) modifying by PSS to obtain a composite PEDOT: PSS chitosan/polyacrylic acid multilayer film modified electrode is used for electrochemical recognition of tryptophan enantiomer. The invention has the following effects: and (3) compounding PEDOT: the PSS chitosan/polyacrylic acid multilayer film modified electrode has the advantages of simple preparation process, environmental protection and low cost, and the modified electrode has an obvious tryptophan enantiomer recognition effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a preparation method of a chitosan/polyacrylic acid multilayer film modified electrode for electrochemical recognition of tryptophan enantiomers, belonging to the field of electrochemical analysis and biotechnology.
Background
Most amino acids in a living system have enantioselectivity, and chiral molecules with different configurations have significant differences in toxicity, biochemical activity and the like. Amino acids and their derivatives are the basic building blocks that constitute biomolecules and play an important role in the life system. L-amino acids are involved in protein synthesis, and D-amino acids are not involved in protein synthesis. Tryptophan has asymmetric chiral carbon atoms in the enantiomeric structure, which has great influence on biological systems. Tryptophan, an essential amino acid, has been identified as a precursor of serotonin neurotransmitter and is also very closely associated with liver diseases. Therefore, the research on the aspects of biomedicine, analytical chemistry and the like is hot during the chiral recognition of the amino acid.
Chitosan, also known as chitosan, is a linear, natural amino-containing polymeric polysaccharide obtained by further deacetylating chitin, with the chemical name of β - (1, 4) -2-amino-2-deoxy-D-glucose, is abundant in nature, has good film-forming properties, and has abundant-NH molecules2and-OH, so that the chitosan has the functions of ion exchange, ion chelation, adsorption and the like on a plurality of ions, organic matters and biomolecules, and the chitosan and the derivatives thereof can be used as chiral recognition materials. At present, the electrochemical recognition of the amino acid enantiomer is high in sensitivity, short in response time and simple and well-known in operation. In the prior art, in order to further improve the recognition capability of chitosan on tryptophan enantiomers, some chiral substances such as sodium alginate, cyclodextrin and other natural polysaccharides and derivatives thereof are usually compounded and modified on the surface of an electrode so as to increase the electrochemical recognition effect. Chitosan and achiral substances are compounded, a novel chiral interface is prepared by utilizing a layered assembly technology and is used for electrochemically identifying tryptophan enantiomers, which is rarely reported in the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the background art, the invention selects a polyacrylic acid achiral substance as a modification material, and utilizes the electrostatic action of chitosan and polyacrylic acid to alternately self-assemble chitosan and polyacrylic acid layers on a glassy carbon electrode, so that the glassy carbon electrode has more chitosan chiral sites and can selectively combine more amino acids, and the multilayer film has a specific spatial structure and is also beneficial to the recognition of amino acid enantiomers. Preparing a layered film from chitosan and polyacrylic acid, compounding conductive substances PEDOT: after PSS, chiral amino acids can be better electrochemically identified.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a preparation method of a chitosan/polyacrylic acid multilayer film modified electrode for electrochemical recognition of tryptophan enantiomers comprises the following steps:
a. preparing a chitosan modified electrode; preparing a chitosan solution, soaking the glassy carbon electrode in the chitosan solution for a certain time to obtain a chitosan modified electrode;
b. preparing a chitosan/polyacrylic acid modified electrode: preparing a polyacrylic acid solution, cleaning the chitosan modified electrode prepared in the step a with deionized water, and soaking the chitosan modified electrode in the polyacrylic acid solution for a certain time to obtain a chitosan/polyacrylic acid modified electrode;
c. preparing a chitosan/polyacrylic acid multilayer film modified electrode: operating for 1-9 times according to the steps a and b to obtain a chitosan/polyacrylic acid 1-9 double-layer modified electrode, and immersing the electrode into a chitosan solution for a certain time to obtain a 1.5-9.5 double-layer film modified electrode;
preferably, the method comprises the following steps: and (c) operating for 2-4 times according to the steps a and b to obtain a chitosan/polyacrylic acid 2-4 double-layer modified electrode, and immersing the electrode into a chitosan solution again to obtain a 2.5-4.5 double-layer membrane modified electrode.
Wherein, the number 1-9 represents the times of circularly assembling the double-layer film, the integer 1 represents that the chitosan/polyacrylic acid double-layer film is circularly and alternately assembled once, the multi-layer film takes polyacrylic acid as the outermost layer, and 0.5 represents half cycle, and the multi-layer film takes chitosan as the outermost layer. As 1.5 the bilayer membrane structure is: a chitosan/polyacrylic acid/chitosan structural film. The thickness of each layer is not limited.
d. Preparing a composite PEDOT: PSS chitosan/polyacrylic acid multilayer film modified electrode: and c, washing the chitosan/polyacrylic acid 1.5-9.5 double-layer modified electrode prepared in the step c with deionized water, dropwise adding a certain amount of poly (3, 4-ethylenedioxythiophene) -polystyrene sulfonic acid (PEDOT: PSS) liquid on the surface, and airing at room temperature to obtain the composite PEDOT: PSS chitosan/polyacrylic acid multilayer film modified electrode;
e. electrochemical identification of tryptophan enantiomers: and (3) mixing the following raw materials in parts by weight of composite PEDOT: the PSS chitosan/polyacrylic acid multilayer film modified electrode is a working electrode, the Ag/AgCl electrode is a reference electrode, the platinum wire electrode is a counter electrode, the three-electrode system is simultaneously immersed into the prepared L-/D-tryptophan solution, and after incubation for a certain time, the test is carried out by using a pulse voltammetry.
Further, in the step a, the concentration of the chitosan is 1-3 mg/mL, and the soaking time is 20-60 min.
Further, in the step b, the concentration of polyacrylic acid is 3-6 g/mL, and the soaking time is 30-60 min.
Further, in the step c, the concentration of the chitosan is 1-3 mg/mL, and the soaking time is 20-60 min.
Further, in the step d, the diameter of the glassy carbon electrode with the diameter of 3mm corresponds to PEDOT: the dosage of the PSS solution is 10-50 mu L. Glassy carbon electrode size increases, PEDOT: the PSS consumption can be increased proportionally, and the consumption can be adjusted according to actual conditions.
Furthermore, the concentration of the L-/D-tryptophan solution in the step e is 0.05-0.8 mM, the incubation time is 1-15 min, and the scanning potential is 0.4-1V.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the invention, chiral chitosan and achiral polyacrylic acid are self-assembled to form a film on the glassy carbon electrode, the recognition efficiency of the multilayer film modified electrode is changed along with the change of the number of film layers, and the multilayer film structure can provide more chiral sites for selectively combining amino acid, so that the amino acid enantiomer can be better recognized. And provides important reference significance for the application of the achiral substance in the separation of chiral amino acid in multilayer films.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a multilayer film with no PEDOT added: and (3) adding PEDOT to the PSS modified electrode and the multilayer film: the CV diagram of the electrode was modified by PSS.
FIG. 2 is a diagram of DPV of 1.5 double-membrane modified electrode for D-/L-tryptophan enantiomer recognition.
FIG. 3 is a DPV diagram of the recognition of the D-/L-tryptophan enantiomer by a 2.5 double-membrane modified electrode.
FIG. 4 is a DPV graph of the recognition of the D-/L-tryptophan enantiomer by a 3.5 double-membrane modified electrode.
FIG. 5 is a DPV graph of the recognition of the D-/L-tryptophan enantiomer by a 4.5 double-membrane modified electrode.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the following examples, which are intended to be illustrative of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. The examples were carried out under the conventional conditions, unless otherwise specified. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products available commercially.
The steps for preparing the chitosan/polyacrylic acid multilayer film modified electrode for electrochemical CV test are as follows:
example one
Preparing the chitosan/polyacrylic acid 1.5 double-layer membrane modified electrode, namely the chitosan/polyacrylic acid/chitosan modified electrode.
(1) Preparing a chitosan modified electrode: preparing 4mL of 2mg/mL chitosan solution, immersing a glassy carbon electrode (with the diameter of 3mm) in the chitosan solution, and soaking for 30min to obtain the chitosan modified electrode.
(2) Preparing a chitosan/polyacrylic acid modified electrode: preparing 4mL of 4mg/mL polyacrylic acid solution, washing the chitosan modified electrode prepared in the step (1) with deionized water, and soaking in the polyacrylic acid solution for 15min to obtain the chitosan/polyacrylic acid modified electrode. Film formation is difficult if polyacrylic acid is modified first.
(3) Preparing a chitosan/polyacrylic acid 1.5 double-layer membrane modified electrode: and (3) repeating the step (1) once after the obtained chitosan/polyacrylic acid modified electrode is modified according to the steps (1) and (2), so as to obtain the chitosan/polyacrylic acid/chitosan (named as a 1.5 double-layer film) modified electrode.
(4) And then dripping 20 mu LPEDOT on the surface of the 1.5 double-layer film modified electrode: PSS liquid (sold in the market) is dried at room temperature to obtain the chitosan/polyacrylic acid 1.5 double-layer film composite PEDOT: and (3) modifying the electrode by PSS.
Example two
Preparing chitosan/polyacrylic acid 2.5 double-layer membrane modified electrode
(1) Firstly, preparing a chitosan/polyacrylic acid 1.5 double-layer membrane modified electrode, and adopting the same method and conditions as the steps (1), (2) and (3) in the first embodiment;
(2) preparing a chitosan/polyacrylic acid 2.5 double-layer membrane modified electrode: washing the chitosan/polyacrylic acid 1.5 double-layer membrane modified electrode obtained in the step (1) with deionized water, and then sequentially operating once according to the steps (2) and (1) in the embodiment, namely modifying polyacrylic acid first and then modifying chitosan to obtain the chitosan/polyacrylic acid 2.5 double-layer membrane modified electrode.
(3) 30 μ LPEDOT was added drop wise to the electrode surface: and (3) drying the PSS liquid at room temperature to obtain the chitosan/polyacrylic acid 2.5 double-layer film composite PEDOT: and (3) modifying the electrode by PSS.
EXAMPLE III
Preparing chitosan/polyacrylic acid 3.5 double-layer membrane modified electrode
(1) Firstly, preparing a chitosan/polyacrylic acid 2.5 double-layer membrane modified electrode, and the method and conditions are the same as the steps (1) and (2) in the second embodiment;
(2) and (3) washing the obtained chitosan/polyacrylic acid 2.5 double-layer membrane modified electrode with deionized water, and then operating once again according to the steps (2) and (1) in the embodiment to obtain the chitosan/polyacrylic acid 3.5 double-layer membrane modified electrode.
(3) 30 μ LPEDOT was added drop wise to the electrode surface: and (3) drying the PSS liquid at room temperature to obtain the chitosan/polyacrylic acid 3.5 double-layer film composite PEDOT: and (3) modifying the electrode by PSS.
Example four
Preparing chitosan/polyacrylic acid 4.5 double-layer membrane modified electrode
(1) Firstly, preparing a chitosan/polyacrylic acid 3.5 double-layer membrane modified electrode, and adopting the same method and conditions as the three steps (1) and (2) in the embodiment;
(2) and (2) washing the chitosan/polyacrylic acid 3.5 double-layer membrane modified electrode obtained in the step (1) with deionized water, and then operating once again according to the steps (2) and (1) in the embodiment to obtain the chitosan/polyacrylic acid 4.5 double-layer membrane modified electrode. 30 μ LPEDOT was added drop wise to the electrode surface: and (3) drying the PSS liquid at room temperature to obtain the chitosan/polyacrylic acid 4.5 double-layer film composite PEDOT: and (3) modifying the electrode by PSS.
A first detection experiment:
CV test is carried out on the prepared chitosan/polyacrylic acid multilayer film modified electrode.
And (3) taking the electrode prepared in the first to third embodiments as a working electrode, assembling the electrode, a reference electrode and a counter electrode into a three-electrode system, putting the three-electrode system into a 1mM potassium ferricyanide solution, and performing CV test within an electrochemical window of-0.2-0.6V.
As shown in fig. 1, a, c, and e are respectively chitosan/polyacrylic acid 1.5 bis, 2.5 bis, and 3.5 double-layer film modified electrodes without adding PEDOT: CV diagrams of the PSS solution, wherein b, d and f are CV diagrams of 1.5 double-layer membrane modified electrodes, 2.5 double-layer membrane modified electrodes and 3.5 double-layer membrane modified electrodes dropwise added with PETDOT-PSS solution respectively. The dropwise addition of PEDOT is evident by comparison: the oxidation-reduction peak current of the modified electrode of the PSS solution is obviously larger than that of the modified electrode which is not dripped.
PEDOT: PSS does not have the function of identifying amino acid, and the chitosan-polyacrylic acid multilayer film obtained by assembly has the function of identifying, but because the multilayer film has poor conductivity and small electric signals, the chitosan-polyacrylic acid multilayer film is subjected to the following steps of PEDOT: the PSS modified has certain promotion effect on electron transfer of the multilayer film modified electrode. Provides possibility for realizing the multilayer film in electrochemical recognition of the amino acid enantiomer. And the PEDOT: the modification method and timing of PSS modification also have an important influence on the results. The above proves that the PEDOT: PSS, which can improve the conductivity and enhance the electrical signal.
And (3) detection experiment II:
the steps for preparing the chitosan/polyacrylic acid multilayer film modified electrode for electrochemical chiral recognition of amino acid are as follows:
in the first to fourth examples, multilayer film modified electrodes of 1.5 bilayers, 2.5 bilayers, 3.5 bilayers and 4.5 bilayers were prepared, respectively. The prepared chitosan/polyacrylic acid multilayer film modified electrode is used for electrochemical recognition of tryptophan enantiomer. The prepared electrode was used as a working electrode, an Ag/AgCl electrode as a reference electrode, a platinum wire electrode as a counter electrode, and the assembled three-electrode system was immersed in 10mL of PBS buffer solution containing 0.05 mL-tryptophan or containing 0.05 mMD-tryptophan at pH 7, respectively. And carrying out DPV test in a potential window of 0.4-1V, and comparing current ratios. As can be seen from FIG. 2, the D-/L-tryptophan current ratio at 0.73V of the 1.5 double-layer membrane-modified electrode was 5.21. As shown in FIG. 3, the D-/L-tryptophan current ratio of the 2.5 double-layer membrane-modified electrode was 6.19. As shown in FIG. 4, the D-/L-tryptophan current ratio of the 3.5 double-layer membrane-modified electrode was 9.89. As shown in FIG. 5, the D-/L-tryptophan current ratio of the 4.5 double-layer membrane-modified electrode was 7.46. The recognition effect of the chitosan/polyacrylic acid multilayer film modified electrode on the amino acid enantiomer is obvious and is increased along with the increase of the number of the film layers, the recognition effect reaches the maximum when reaching a 3.5 double layer, and then the recognition effect starts to be gradually reduced.
Comparative example 1
The difference between the first comparative example and the first example is that: polyacrylic acid is used as an outer layer.
The chitosan/polyacrylic acid modified electrode obtained according to the steps (1) and (2) of the embodiment. Drop 20 μ LPEDOT onto the membrane surface: and (3) drying the PSS liquid at room temperature to obtain the chitosan/polyacrylic acid 1 double-layer film composite PEDOT: and (3) modifying the electrode by PSS.
The modified electrode prepared in the first comparative example is used as a working electrode, the detection is carried out by adopting the same method, the maximum current ratio of D-/L-tryptophan of the modified electrode in the first comparative example is 1.5, and the recognition effect is obviously reduced.
The raw materials and equipment used in the invention are common raw materials and equipment in the field if not specified; the methods used in the present invention are conventional in the art unless otherwise specified. The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and all modifications of the above embodiments made according to the technical spirit of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A chitosan/polyacrylic acid multilayer film modified electrode for electrochemical recognition of tryptophan enantiomer is characterized in that: the multilayer film modified electrode is formed by alternately self-assembling chitosan and polypropylene layer by layer on the electrode, the outer layer is chitosan, and then PEDOT is compounded on the surface of the chitosan/polyacrylic acid multilayer film: and PSS to obtain the modified electrode.
2. The preparation method of the chitosan/polyacrylic acid multilayer film modified electrode for the electrochemical recognition of tryptophan enantiomer, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a. preparing a chitosan modified electrode; preparing a chitosan solution, soaking the glassy carbon electrode in the chitosan solution for a certain time to obtain a chitosan modified electrode;
b. preparing a chitosan/polyacrylic acid modified electrode: preparing a polyacrylic acid solution, cleaning the chitosan modified electrode prepared in the step a with deionized water, and soaking the chitosan modified electrode in the polyacrylic acid solution for a certain time to obtain a chitosan/polyacrylic acid modified electrode;
c. preparing a chitosan/polyacrylic acid multilayer film modified electrode: operating for 1-9 times according to the steps a and b to obtain a chitosan/polyacrylic acid 1-9 double-layer modified electrode, and immersing the electrode into a chitosan solution for a certain time to obtain a 1.5-9.5 double-layer film modified electrode;
d. and c, washing the multilayer film modified electrode prepared in the step c by using deionized water, and then dripping a certain amount of PEDOT: PSS, and drying at room temperature to obtain the composite PEDOT: PSS chitosan/polyacrylic acid multilayer film modified electrode.
3. The method for preparing the chitosan/polyacrylic acid multilayer film modified electrode for the electrochemical recognition of the tryptophan enantiomer, according to claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step a, the concentration of the chitosan solution is 1-3 mg/mL, and the soaking time is 20-60 min.
4. The method for preparing the chitosan/polyacrylic acid multilayer film modified electrode for the electrochemical recognition of the tryptophan enantiomer, according to claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step b, the concentration of the polyacrylic acid solution is 3-6 mg/mL, and the soaking time is 30-60 min.
5. The method for preparing the chitosan/polyacrylic acid multilayer film modified electrode for the electrochemical recognition of the tryptophan enantiomer, according to claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and c, operating the step a and the step b for 1-4 times in the step c to obtain a chitosan/polyacrylic acid 1-4 double-layer modified electrode, and immersing the modified electrode into a chitosan solution again to obtain a 1.5-4.5 double-layer membrane modified electrode.
6. The method for preparing the chitosan/polyacrylic acid multilayer film modified electrode for the electrochemical recognition of the tryptophan enantiomer, according to claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step c, the concentration of the chitosan is 1-3 mg/mL, and the soaking time is 20-60 min.
7. Use of the chitosan/polyacrylic acid multilayer film modified electrode according to any one of claims 1 to 6, in electrochemical recognition of tryptophan enantiomer, characterized in that:
and (3) mixing the following raw materials in parts by weight of composite PEDOT: the PSS chitosan/polyacrylic acid multilayer film modified electrode is a working electrode, the Ag/AgCl electrode is a reference electrode, the platinum wire electrode is a counter electrode, the three-electrode system is simultaneously immersed into the prepared L-/D-tryptophan solution, and after incubation for a certain time, the test is carried out by using a pulse voltammetry.
8. The application of the chitosan/polyacrylic acid multilayer film modified electrode in electrochemical recognition of tryptophan enantiomer, which is characterized in that: the scanning potential is 0.4-1.0V, and the incubation time is 1-15 min.
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