CN111173475A

CN111173475A - Packer

Info

Publication number: CN111173475A
Application number: CN202010177927.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张庆宇; 陈艳艳; 其他发明人请求不公开姓名
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2020-03-13
Filing date: 2020-03-13
Publication date: 2020-05-19

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of oilfield development tools, and discloses a packer which comprises a control cylinder, a positioning cylinder, a rubber cylinder and a valve core; the control cylinder, the positioning cylinder and the rubber cylinder are sequentially sleeved and connected from inside to outside, an annular cavity is arranged between the control cylinder and the positioning cylinder, the upstream section and the downstream section of the rubber cylinder are hermetically fixed with the outer surface of the positioning cylinder, and the middle section of the rubber cylinder can expand and retract relative to the positioning cylinder; the upstream end of the control cylinder is provided with a first through hole for guiding the liquid to the annular cavity; the positioning cylinder is provided with a second through hole and penetrates through the positioning cylinder to point to the middle section of the rubber cylinder; the valve core is positioned in the annular cavity and can axially move relative to the positioning cylinder to control the on-off of the second through hole and the annular cavity; when the valve core moves to the second through hole to be communicated with the annular cavity, the rubber cylinder expands or retracts along with the change of the liquid pressure; when the valve core moves to the second through hole and the annular cavity is not communicated, the rubber cylinder keeps an expansion state. The packer is simple and convenient to operate, and can realize repeated setting and unsealing operations.

Description

Packer

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of oilfield development tools, and particularly relates to a packer.

Background

In the process of oil field development, setting and unsetting are usually realized by means of packers, which can be classified into: self-sealing, compression, wedging, expansion, combination, and the like; packers can be divided into according to the setting principle: lifting and placing a pipe column type, rotating a pipe column type, self-sealing type, thermal expansion type and the like.

At present, common packers generally cannot achieve multiple setting in an oil well. For example, when a hydraulic packer is unset, the locking ring needs to be unlocked by lifting the pipe column, which causes the operation to be irreversible, so that multiple setting operations cannot be realized. Even if some packers can realize setting many times, but the process of realizing setting and unsetting is too loaded down with trivial details, can reduce the oil field development progress. Therefore, a packer which can realize setting for many times and is simple to control is urgently needed.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to realize multiple setting of the packer in the oil field development process, the invention provides a packer with a brand new structure. The packer comprises a control cylinder, a positioning cylinder, a rubber cylinder and a valve core; the control cylinder, the positioning cylinder and the rubber cylinder are sequentially sleeved and connected from inside to outside, an annular cavity is arranged between the control cylinder and the positioning cylinder, the upstream section and the downstream section of the rubber cylinder are hermetically fixed with the outer surface of the positioning cylinder, and the middle section of the rubber cylinder can perform radial reciprocating expansion and retraction relative to the positioning cylinder;

the upstream end of the control cylinder is provided with a first through hole, and the first through hole guides liquid to the annular cavity; a second through hole is formed in the positioning cylinder and penetrates through the positioning cylinder to point to the middle section of the rubber cylinder; the valve core is positioned in the annular cavity and can axially reciprocate relative to the positioning cylinder to control the on-off of the second through hole and the annular cavity;

when the valve core moves to the second through hole to be communicated with the annular cavity, the rubber cylinder expands or retracts along with the change of the liquid pressure; when the valve core moves to the second through hole and the annular cavity are not communicated, the rubber sleeve keeps an expansion state.

Preferably, the valve core is provided with a locking plate, a locking plate elastic piece and a locking plate hole, and the inner surface of the positioning cylinder is provided with a locking plate groove; the locking plate hole is positioned on the outer surface of the valve core and is radially opened, the locking plate elastic piece is positioned in the locking plate hole, one end of the locking plate is in contact with the locking plate elastic piece, and the other end of the locking plate can extend out of the locking plate hole to the locking plate groove under the driving of the locking plate elastic piece;

when the locking plate extends into the locking plate groove under the driving of the locking plate elastic piece, the valve core and the positioning cylinder are axially positioned, and the second through hole is communicated with the annular cavity; when the lock plate is compressed to the lock plate hole and moves to the downstream position of the lock plate groove along with the valve core in the downstream direction, the second through hole is communicated with the annular cavity, and the rubber sleeve is driven by liquid to expand; when the locking plate is compressed into the locking plate hole and moves to the upstream position of the locking plate groove along with the valve core in the upstream direction, the second through hole is not communicated with the annular cavity, and the rubber sleeve is kept in an expanded state.

Further preferably, the valve core is also provided with an unlocking rod; one end of the unlocking rod penetrates into the valve core along the axial direction to form inclined surface contact with the locking plate, and the other end of the unlocking rod extends out of the downstream end face of the valve core; when the valve core moves towards the downstream direction relative to the unlocking rod, the unlocking rod generates acting force pointing to the locking plate hole on the locking plate, and the locking plate is pushed into the locking plate hole.

Preferably, the valve core is further provided with a positioning rod, a positioning elastic piece and a pin, and the locking plate is provided with a positioning groove; one end of the positioning rod axially penetrates through the locking piece hole, the other end of the positioning rod extends out of the upstream end face of the valve core, the positioning elastic piece is positioned between the positioning rod and the valve core to drive the positioning rod to move in the upstream direction, the pin is positioned below the locking piece hole and axially moves along with the positioning rod, and the positioning groove is positioned on the lower surface of the locking piece;

when the locking plate is positioned in the locking plate hole, the positioning elastic piece drives the positioning rod to enable the pin to be embedded into the positioning groove to limit the movement of the locking plate; when the positioning rod overcomes the positioning elastic piece to move towards the downstream direction, the pin is separated from the positioning groove, and the locking plate elastic piece drives the locking plate to extend out of the locking plate hole.

Further preferably, a valve core elastic element is arranged on the downstream end face of the valve core, the control cylinder can perform axial relative motion relative to the positioning cylinder, a control step is arranged on the control cylinder, the control step is located at the upstream position of the valve core to drive the valve core to move in the downstream direction, and the valve core elastic element is used for driving the valve core to move in the upstream direction.

Further preferably, the upstream end face of the control cylinder is provided with a force receiving groove for receiving liquid to drive the control cylinder to move in the downstream direction, and the downstream end face of the control cylinder is provided with a control elastic member to drive the control cylinder to move in the upstream direction.

Further preferably, the packer is also provided with an auxiliary through hole; one end of the auxiliary through hole is communicated with the containing cavity where the control elastic part is located, and the other end of the auxiliary through hole is communicated with an external auxiliary pipeline so as to control the liquid pressure in the containing cavity where the control elastic part is located.

Preferably, a sealing inclined surface is arranged on the valve core, a step is arranged at the downstream position of the second through hole, and when the valve core moves in the upstream direction, the sealing inclined surface is in contact with the step to form linear sealing for the second through hole.

Preferably, the packer is also provided with an upper sleeve, a lower sleeve, an upper joint and a lower joint; the upper joint and the lower joint are respectively positioned at the upstream end and the downstream end of the positioning cylinder and the control cylinder so as to position the axial positions of the upper joint and the lower joint, and the upper sleeve and the lower sleeve are respectively sleeved outside the upstream end and the downstream end of the positioning cylinder so as to fix the contact seal of the two ends of the rubber cylinder and the positioning cylinder.

Further preferably, the upper sleeve and the lower sleeve are connected with the rubber cylinder in a trapezoidal buckle mode.

Compared with the packer with the existing structure, the packer has the following beneficial technical effects:

1. in the packer, the valve core is arranged in the annular cavity between the positioning cylinder and the control cylinder, the first through hole is arranged on the control cylinder, the second through hole is arranged on the positioning cylinder, the first through hole is communicated with the annular cavity, the second through hole is communicated with the gap between the annular cavity and the rubber cylinder and the positioning cylinder, and at the moment, the reciprocating expansion and retraction control of the rubber cylinder can be realized by utilizing the on-off control of the second through hole and the annular cavity and the change of liquid pressure in the reciprocating motion process of the valve core relative to the positioning cylinder, so that the setting and unsealing operation is realized. Therefore, repeated operations of sealing and unsealing are realized, and only the movement of the valve core and the change of the liquid pressure are controlled, so that the control complexity is greatly reduced, and the operation convenience is improved.

2. According to the invention, the valve core is provided with the locking plate, the locking plate elastic piece and the locking plate hole, and the positioning cylinder is provided with the locking plate groove, so that the movement process of the valve core is accurately controlled and divided into three different stations, the switching of the valve core among the three stations is further controlled, and the corresponding adjustment of the liquid pressure is further controlled, so that the expansion and retraction actions of the rubber cylinder can be accurately controlled, and the operation precision of setting and unsetting is improved.

3. In the invention, the valve core is controlled to axially move by arranging the unlocking rod, the positioning rod, the valve core elastic part and the control cylinder driven by the liquid pressure and the control elastic part, so that the whole seating and unsealing operation process under the control of single parameter of the oil liquid pressure is realized, the control operation is further optimized, and the convenience and the automation of the operation are improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the packer of the present embodiment in an unset state with the plug in a first position;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a portion A of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the packer of the present embodiment with the spool in the second position;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a portion of the enlarged structure at B in FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the packer of the present embodiment in a set state with the spool in a third position;

fig. 6 is a partially enlarged structural view at C in fig. 5.

Detailed Description

The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

Referring to fig. 1, the packer of the present embodiment includes a control cylinder 1, a positioning cylinder 2, a packing element 3, and a valve core 4. Wherein, control jar 1, location jar 2 and packing element 3 three overlap in proper order from inside to outside and establish the connection to be equipped with annular chamber 51 between control jar 1 and location jar 2, the upper reaches section and the downstream section of packing element 3 are simultaneously with the surface seal fixed of location jar 2, and the interlude of packing element 3 then can carry out radial reciprocal expansion and retract for location jar 2, thereby realizes seat seal and deblocking.

The upstream end of control jar 1 is equipped with first through-hole 11, and first through-hole 11 can be equipped with second through-hole 21 on the simultaneously locating jar 2 in the annular chamber 51 with liquid drainage, and second through-hole 21 runs through the interlude that the locating jar 2 points to packing element 3 to liquid drainage in the annular chamber 51 is between locating jar 2 and packing element 3. The valve core 4 is positioned in the annular cavity 51 and can axially reciprocate relative to the positioning cylinder 2 to control the on-off between the second through hole 21 and the annular cavity 51.

When the valve core 4 moves to the position where the second through hole 21 and the annular cavity 51 are in a communication relation, the annular cavity 51 is communicated with the gap between the rubber cylinder 3 and the positioning cylinder 2, so that the rubber cylinder 3 can be expanded or recovered along with the change of the liquid pressure in the annular cavity 51; when the valve core 4 moves to the position where the second through hole 21 and the annular cavity 51 are in a non-communicated relation, a gap seal is formed between the rubber cylinder 3 and the positioning cylinder 2, so that the rubber cylinder 3 is kept in an expansion state, and the sealing and unsealing operations can be completed through the reciprocating motion of the valve core 4 in the annular cavity 51 and the change of the liquid pressure.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the valve core 4 of the present embodiment is provided with a locking plate 41, a locking plate elastic member 42, and a locking plate hole 43, and the inner surface of the positioning cylinder 2 is provided with a locking plate groove 22. The locking plate hole 43 is located on the outer surface of the valve core 4 and is opened along the radial direction, the locking plate elastic piece 42 is located in the locking plate hole 43, one end of the locking plate 41 is in contact with the locking plate elastic piece 42, and the other end of the locking plate can extend out of the locking plate hole 43 to the locking plate groove 22 under the driving of the locking plate elastic piece 42, so that the valve core 4 is axially positioned relative to the positioning cylinder 2.

As shown in fig. 1 to 6, during the axial reciprocating motion of the valve core relative to the positioning cylinder and the motion of the lock plate, the valve core can form the following three positions:

in the first station, the locking plate 41 extends into the locking plate groove 22 under the driving of the locking plate elastic piece 42 to form an axial positioning position of the valve core 4 and the positioning cylinder 2, at the moment, the second through hole 21 is communicated with the annular cavity 51, and the rubber cylinder 3 expands or retracts along with the pressure change of liquid;

in the second station, the locking plate 41 is compressed to the locking plate hole 43 to be separated from the locking plate groove 22, and moves to the downstream position of the locking plate groove 22 along with the downstream direction of the valve core 4, at the moment, the second through hole 21 and the annular cavity 51 form a communicating relation, and the liquid in the annular cavity 51 is high-pressure liquid, so that the rubber cylinder 3 is driven to expand;

in the third station, the locking plate 41 is compressed in the locking plate hole 43 and then moves along with the valve core 4 in the upstream direction to the upstream position of the locking plate groove 22, at the moment, the second through hole 21 is not communicated with the annular cavity 51, and high-pressure liquid is sealed between the rubber cylinder 3 and the positioning cylinder 2, so that the rubber cylinder 3 is kept in an expanded state.

The valve core of the embodiment is provided with a sealing inclined plane, and a raised step is arranged at the downstream position of the second through hole. At the moment, when the valve core moves to the third station in the upstream direction, the sealing inclined surface on the valve core is contacted with the step at the downstream position of the second through hole, so that the linear sealing of the second through hole is formed, the sealing effect of high-pressure liquid between the rubber cylinder and the positioning cylinder is improved, and the seating effect is ensured.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, an unlocking lever 44 is provided in the valve body 4. The unlocking rod 44 is disposed along the axial direction, one end of the unlocking rod penetrates into the valve core 4 to form an inclined surface contact with the locking plate 41, and the other end of the unlocking rod extends out of the downstream end surface of the valve core 4 and can move axially relative to the valve core 4.

At this time, when the valve core 4 moves in the downstream direction relative to the unlocking lever 44, the unlocking lever 44 can generate an acting force on the locking plate 41 to point to the locking plate hole 43, and push the locking plate 41 into the locking plate hole 43, so that the locking plate 41 is separated from the locking plate groove 22, and in the process of switching the valve core 4 from the first station to the second station, the locking plate 41 is automatically separated from the locking plate groove 22, thereby realizing the automatic unlocking operation between the valve core and the positioning cylinder.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the valve core 4 is further provided with a positioning rod 45, a positioning elastic member 46 and a pin 47, and the locking plate 41 is provided with a positioning groove 411. Wherein, the locating lever 45 is laid along the axial, one end stretches into and runs through locking plate hole 43 in case 4 and does not influence the reciprocating motion of locking plate 41 in locking plate hole 43, the other end then stretches out to the upper reaches terminal surface of case 4, location elastic component 46 is located between locating lever 45 and case 4 and moves with drive locating lever 45 upstream direction, pintle 47 and locating lever 45 fixed connection and be located the below in locking plate hole 43, can carry out axial motion along with locating lever 45, locating slot 411 is located the lower surface of locking plate 41 and keeps corresponding relation with pintle 47.

At this time, when the locking plate 41 is pushed into the locking plate hole 43, the positioning rod 45 drives the pin 47 to be inserted into the positioning slot 411 under the driving action of the positioning elastic piece 46, so as to fix the locking plate 41; when the positioning rod 45 moves in the upstream direction along with the valve core 4 to contact the positioning cylinder 2, the pin 47 is driven to move in the downstream direction relative to the valve core 4 by overcoming the acting force of the positioning elastic member 46, so that the fixing of the locking piece 41 is released. Like this, just can realize that the case switches to the third station in-process by the second station, the locking plate remains throughout in locking plate hole 43 to and the case is cut back to first station in-process by the third station, and the locking plate can stretch out to the locking plate groove fast under the drive of locking plate elastic component, accomplishes the axial positioning to case and location jar again.

In the embodiment, the locking plate elastic piece and the positioning elastic piece both adopt spiral springs, and the movement control of the locking plate is formed by means of the movement of the unlocking rod and the positioning rod relative to the valve core, so that the switching of the valve core among various stations is accurately matched. Similarly, in the embodiment, the movement of the lock plate can also be directly controlled by adopting an electromagnetic control mode, for example, the elastic piece of the lock plate is directly selected as an electromagnetic control device and the movement and the positioning of the lock plate are directly controlled, so that the switching and the locking between all stations can be completed by matching with the valve core, and the arrangement of the positioning rod, the positioning elastic piece and the pin can also be omitted.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, in the present embodiment, a downstream end surface of the valve core 4 is provided with a valve core elastic member 61 to drive the valve core 4 to move in an upstream direction, the control cylinder 1 can perform axial relative movement with respect to the positioning cylinder 2 and is provided with a control step 12, wherein the control step 12 is located at an upstream position of the valve core 4 to drive the valve core 4 to move in a downstream direction. At the moment, under the coordination of the control cylinder driving the valve core in the downstream direction and the valve core elastic element driving the valve core in the upstream direction, the axial movement of the valve core can be accurately controlled, and the valve core can be switched among different stations.

Referring to fig. 1, in the present embodiment, the upstream end surface of the control cylinder 1 is further provided with a force receiving groove 13, the force receiving groove 13 is communicated with the first through hole 11 for receiving a fluid to drive the control cylinder 1 to move in the downstream direction, and the downstream end surface of the control cylinder 1 is also provided with a control elastic member 62, such as a coil spring or a disc spring in a compressed state, to drive the control cylinder 1 to move in the upstream direction.

At the moment, the axial movement of the control cylinder can be controlled by means of the interaction between the liquid pressure and the control elastic piece, and then the axial movement of the valve core is controlled by matching with the valve core elastic piece, so that the switching of the valve core between different stations is completed, and the setting and the unsetting of the whole packer are realized. Likewise, in other embodiments, the valve core may be controlled independently, for example, by separately routing lines for introducing control fluid or by means of an electromagnetic control device, thereby directly driving the valve core to move and eliminating the need for axial drive control of the control cylinder.

Meanwhile, an auxiliary through hole 52 is also formed in the packer of the present embodiment. One end of the auxiliary through hole 52 is communicated with the closed cavity where the control elastic element 62 is located, and the other end extends to the outside of the whole packer and is communicated with an external auxiliary pipeline so as to control the liquid pressure in the cavity where the control elastic element 62 is located. At the moment, the external auxiliary pipeline can be a low-pressure pipeline which is used for decompressing liquid in the closed containing cavity to avoid influencing the driving control of the liquid in the stress groove on the control cylinder, and can also be a high-pressure pipeline which is used for forming auxiliary external control on the action of the control cylinder by introducing pressure liquid to realize the diversity of the action control of the whole packer.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the packer is further provided with an upper joint 71, a lower joint 72, an upper jacket 81, a lower jacket 82, and an inner cylinder liner 9. Wherein the upper joint 71 and the lower joint 72 are respectively located at the upstream end and the downstream end of the positioning cylinder 2 and the control cylinder 1 to position the axial positions thereof, and the lower joint 72 serves as a positioning support for the spool elastic member 61, the control elastic member 62, and the lock release lever 44. Go up big envelope 81 and lower big envelope 82 and adopt detachable threaded connection with top connection 71 and lower clutch 72 respectively to establish respectively that the cover is outside with the low reaches end in the upstream end of location jar 2, form the both ends of packing element 3 and fix with the contact seal of location jar 2, go up big envelope 81 and lower big envelope 82 and packing element 3 between adopt trapezoidal mode of detaining to be connected simultaneously, improve the sealed effect to packing element 3, avoid seat to seal and the deblocking process to take place to leak. The inner cylinder sleeve 9 is located inside the control cylinder 1 and connected with the upper joint 71 and the lower joint 72 for containing liquid and guiding the positioning and movement of the control cylinder, and at the moment, the first through hole 11 penetrates through the inner cylinder sleeve 9 to be communicated with the liquid in the inner cylinder sleeve 9 and guides the liquid to the force bearing groove 13.

Referring to fig. 1 to 6, when the packer of the present embodiment is used for setting and unsetting operations, first, the packer is connected to a pipeline through an upper joint 71 and a lower joint 72, liquid is drained into an inner cylinder sleeve 9, then the whole packer is lowered to a desired depth position in a well, and finally, the setting and unsetting operations are completed by controlling liquid pressure, and the specific process is as follows:

when the packer is lowered to a required depth position in a well and setting is started, the valve core 4 is positioned at a first station, namely the locking plate 41 extends into the locking plate groove 22 and the second through hole 21 is communicated with the annular cavity 51, firstly, the pressure of liquid in the inner cylinder sleeve 9 is increased to the highest setting pressure, the liquid sequentially passes through the first through hole 11, the annular cavity 51 and the second through hole 21 to flow between the rubber barrel 3 and the positioning cylinder 2 in the process to form expansion driving on the rubber barrel 3, when the liquid pressure is raised to a certain value, the liquid overcomes the control elastic part 62 through the stress groove 13 to drive the control cylinder 1 to move in the downstream direction, so that the valve core 4 is driven by the control cylinder 1 to overcome the downstream direction movement of the valve core elastic part 61, the unlocking rod 44 is driven by the valve core 4 to move in the downstream direction, the unlocking rod 44 to be unlocked is contacted with the lower joint 72 to press the locking plate 41 back into the locking plate hole 43 and be, further, the positioning of the spool 4 by the lock plate 41 with respect to the positioning cylinder 2 is released, and the spool 4 is switched from the first position to the second position. Then, the liquid pressure in the inner cylinder sleeve 9 is reduced, so that the control cylinder 1 is driven by the control elastic element 62 to move upstream and lose the drive on the downstream movement of the valve core 4, and further the valve core 4 also starts to move upstream under the drive of the valve core elastic element 6 until the locking plate 41 slides to the upstream position of the locking plate groove 22, and the valve core 4 is switched from the second station to the third station to form the sealing of the second through hole 21, thereby completing the seat sealing operation.

In the process of moving the valve core 4 in the upstream direction, after the locking plate 41 slides through the locking plate groove 22, the positioning rod 45 contacts the positioning cylinder 2 and overcomes the positioning elastic piece 46 to drive the pin 47 to move in the downstream direction relative to the locking plate 41, so that the pin 47 is separated from the contact with the positioning groove 411, the locking plate 41 is released from being fixed, and the locking plate 41 is directly abutted against the inner surface of the positioning cylinder 2 under the driving of the locking plate elastic piece 42.

When the packer needs to be unpacked, firstly, the pressure of liquid in the inner cylinder sleeve 9 is increased again to the unpacking pressure, at the moment, the liquid overcomes the control elastic piece 62 again through the stress groove 13 to drive the control cylinder 1 to move towards the downstream direction, the control cylinder 1 drives the valve core 4 to overcome the valve core elastic piece 61 to move towards the downstream direction to the position where the locking plate 41 corresponds to the locking plate groove 22, at the moment, the locking plate 41 directly extends into the locking plate groove 22 under the driving of the locking plate elastic piece 42, the positioning of the valve core 4 and the positioning cylinder 2 is formed again, the valve core 4 is cut back to the first station and the sealing of the second through hole 21 is removed, and the second through hole 21 and the annular cavity 51 are communicated again. Then, the pressure of the liquid in the inner cylinder sleeve 9 is released again, so that the liquid between the rubber cylinder 3 and the positioning cylinder 2 flows back into the inner cylinder sleeve 9 through the second through hole 21, the annular cavity 51 and the first through hole 11, the retraction of the rubber cylinder 3 is formed, and the unsealing operation is completed.

The process is repeated in sequence, multiple setting and unsetting operations of the packer can be realized by controlling the change of the hydraulic pressure, and repeatable multiple setting operations are realized.

Claims

1. A packer is characterized by comprising a control cylinder, a positioning cylinder, a rubber cylinder and a valve core; the control cylinder, the positioning cylinder and the rubber cylinder are sequentially sleeved and connected from inside to outside, an annular cavity is arranged between the control cylinder and the positioning cylinder, the upstream section and the downstream section of the rubber cylinder are hermetically fixed with the outer surface of the positioning cylinder, and the middle section of the rubber cylinder can perform radial reciprocating expansion and retraction relative to the positioning cylinder;

2. The packer of claim 1, wherein the spool is provided with a locking plate, a locking plate elastic member and a locking plate hole, and the inner surface of the positioning cylinder is provided with a locking plate groove; the locking plate hole is positioned on the outer surface of the valve core and is radially opened, the locking plate elastic piece is positioned in the locking plate hole, one end of the locking plate is in contact with the locking plate elastic piece, and the other end of the locking plate can extend out of the locking plate hole to the locking plate groove under the driving of the locking plate elastic piece;

3. A packer as claimed in claim 2, wherein the spool is further provided with an unlocking lever; one end of the unlocking rod penetrates into the valve core along the axial direction to form inclined surface contact with the locking plate, and the other end of the unlocking rod extends out of the downstream end face of the valve core; when the valve core moves towards the downstream direction relative to the unlocking rod, the unlocking rod generates acting force pointing to the locking plate hole on the locking plate, and the locking plate is pushed into the locking plate hole.

4. The packer of claim 2, wherein the valve element is further provided with a positioning rod, a positioning elastic member and a pin, and the locking plate is provided with a positioning groove; one end of the positioning rod axially penetrates through the locking piece hole, the other end of the positioning rod extends out of the upstream end face of the valve core, the positioning elastic piece is positioned between the positioning rod and the valve core to drive the positioning rod to move in the upstream direction, the pin is positioned below the locking piece hole and axially moves along with the positioning rod, and the positioning groove is positioned on the lower surface of the locking piece;

5. A packer as claimed in claim 2, wherein the downstream end face of the spool is provided with a spool elastic member, the control cylinder is axially movable relative to the positioning cylinder, and the control cylinder is provided with a control step which is located at an upstream position of the spool to move the spool in a downstream direction, and the spool elastic member is used for driving the spool to move in an upstream direction.

6. A packer as claimed in claim 5, wherein the upstream face of the control cylinder is provided with a force-receiving channel for receiving a fluid to drive the control cylinder in a downstream direction, and the downstream face of the control cylinder is provided with a control spring to drive the control cylinder in an upstream direction.

7. The packer of claim 6, wherein the packer is further provided with an auxiliary through hole; one end of the auxiliary through hole is communicated with the containing cavity where the control elastic part is located, and the other end of the auxiliary through hole is communicated with an external auxiliary pipeline so as to control the liquid pressure in the containing cavity where the control elastic part is located.

8. A packer as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the spool is provided with a sealing ramp and the second bore is provided with a step downstream, the sealing ramp contacting the step to form a line seal with the second bore when the spool moves in the upstream direction.

9. A packer as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, further provided with an upper jacket, a lower jacket, an upper sub and a lower sub; the upper joint and the lower joint are respectively positioned at the upstream end and the downstream end of the positioning cylinder and the control cylinder so as to position the axial positions of the upper joint and the lower joint, and the upper sleeve and the lower sleeve are respectively sleeved outside the upstream end and the downstream end of the positioning cylinder so as to fix the contact seal of the two ends of the rubber cylinder and the positioning cylinder.

10. A packer as claimed in claim 9, wherein the upper and lower casings are connected to the packing element by means of a trapezoidal button.