CN111170501B - Method for treating nickel-containing wastewater by using composite adsorbent - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for treating nickel-containing wastewater by using a composite adsorbent, which comprises the following steps: mixing the nickel-containing wastewater with the composite adsorbent, oscillating at room temperature, carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain primary treatment wastewater, adjusting the pH value of the primary treatment wastewater to 4-5, adding sodium hypochlorite, stirring for reaction, adding the composite adsorbent, oscillating at room temperature, and carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain secondary treatment wastewater; adjusting the pH value of the secondary treatment wastewater to 10.5-11.5, standing for precipitation, taking the upper layer liquid, adding polyaluminium chloride, stirring, adding polyacrylamide, stirring, standing, and performing solid-liquid separation to obtain tertiary treatment wastewater; mixing the wastewater treated in the third time with a composite adsorbent, oscillating at room temperature and then carrying out solid-liquid separation; the composite adsorbent is prepared by uniformly mixing modified sepiolite, acid modified fly ash and cross-linked chitosan. The method for treating nickel-containing wastewater by using the composite adsorbent has the advantages of simple process, good treatment effect on nickel in various forms in water and high nickel removal rate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wastewater treatment, in particular to a method for treating nickel-containing wastewater by using a composite adsorbent.
Background
Nickel is one of heavy metal elements which are widely used and expensive, and has been widely used in the fields of electroplating, electronics, alloys, steel, catalysts, etc. in recent years, and these fields discharge a large amount of nickel-containing wastewater. Nickel and compounds thereof in the nickel-containing wastewater are substances with strong toxicity, and in the field of wastewater treatment, the nickel-containing wastewater belongs to high-concentration refractory toxic wastewater, if the nickel-containing wastewater is improperly treated, not only is nickel metal resource waste caused, but also secondary pollution is easily caused, and the nickel-containing wastewater can enter a human body through a food chain and seriously harm the human body. Although various methods for treating nickel-containing wastewater currently comprise a chemical method, an electrolytic method, a physical isolation filtration method and the like, the existing treatment method generally has the defects of complex operation process and low nickel metal removal rate.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the technical problems in the background art, the invention provides a method for treating nickel-containing wastewater by using a composite adsorbent, which has the advantages of simple process, better treatment effect on nickel in various forms in a water body, high nickel removal rate and small residual quantity.
The invention provides a method for treating nickel-containing wastewater by using a composite adsorbent, which comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing the nickel-containing wastewater with a composite adsorbent, oscillating at room temperature, and carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain primary treated wastewater;
s2, adjusting the pH value of the primary treatment wastewater to 4-5, adding sodium hypochlorite to carry out stirring reaction, then adding a composite adsorbent to oscillate at room temperature, and carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain secondary treatment wastewater;
s3, adjusting the pH value of the secondary treatment wastewater to 10.5-11.5, standing for precipitation, taking the upper layer liquid, adding polyaluminium chloride, stirring, adding polyacrylamide, stirring, standing, and performing solid-liquid separation to obtain tertiary treatment wastewater;
s4, mixing the three-time treated wastewater with a composite adsorbent, and performing solid-liquid separation after oscillation at room temperature;
wherein in S1, S2 and S4, the composite adsorbent is prepared by uniformly mixing modified sepiolite, acid modified fly ash and cross-linked chitosan.
Preferably, in S1, 8-11g of composite adsorbent is mixed per liter of nickel-containing wastewater; the oscillation time is 10-20 h.
Preferably, in S2, the mass of sodium hypochlorite added per liter of the primary treatment wastewater is 120-250 mg; adding 3-6g of composite adsorbent into each liter of primary wastewater; the oscillation time is 15-20 h.
Preferably, in S3, adding an alkaline substance to adjust the pH value of the secondary treatment wastewater; the alkaline substance is one or a mixture of more of sodium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide and calcium oxide; the weight of the added polyaluminium chloride in each liter of upper layer liquid is 100-150mg, and the weight of the added polyacrylamide is 20-38 mg; standing for 3-5 h.
Preferably, in S4, the treated wastewater is mixed with 3-6g of the composite adsorbent per liter of three times; the oscillation time is 20-35 h.
Preferably, in the composite adsorbent, the weight ratio of the modified sepiolite to the acid-modified fly ash to the cross-linked chitosan is 6-13: 2-5: 5-9.
Preferably, the preparation method of the modified sepiolite comprises the following steps: mixing sepiolite and hydrochloric acid, stirring at room temperature for 10-20h, performing microwave treatment, performing solid-liquid separation, washing to neutrality, drying, and treating at 280 ℃ for 4-5h to obtain a material A; mixing the material A with a potassium permanganate aqueous solution, stirring and reacting at 90-95 ℃ for 15-25min, then adding concentrated hydrochloric acid, stirring and reacting at 80-95 ℃ for 50-100min, standing, removing a supernatant, washing with water, drying, and performing heat treatment at 350-500 ℃ for 30-60min to obtain a material B; mixing the material B with ethanol, adding N- (2-aminoethyl) -3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, stirring and reacting for 15-20h at 60-70 ℃, filtering, washing and drying to obtain a material C; uniformly mixing the material C, the 2-chloromethyl benzimidazole and the dimethyl sulfoxide, adding sodium carbonate, heating to 75-90 ℃ under the protection of nitrogen, stirring for reacting for 8-12h, filtering, washing and drying after the reaction is finished to obtain the modified sepiolite.
Preferably, the mass concentration of the hydrochloric acid is 12-15%, and the mass ratio of the sepiolite to the hydrochloric acid is 1: 3-4; the power of the microwave treatment is 650-780W, and the time is 8-12 min.
Preferably, the weight ratio of the material A to the potassium permanganate to the concentrated hydrochloric acid is 2-4: 7-9: 21-25; the weight ratio of the material B, N- (2-aminoethyl) -3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane is 6-15: 1; the weight ratio of the material C to the 2-chloromethyl benzimidazole is 4-8: 1.
preferably, in S4, before mixing the tertiary wastewater with the composite adsorbent, the method further comprises adjusting the pH of the tertiary wastewater to 6 to 7.
Preferably, in S2, the stirring reaction time is 20-35min, and the rotation speed is 130-200 r/min.
In the preparation process of the modified sepiolite, the concentrated hydrochloric acid is commercially available hydrochloric acid with the mass fraction of 36-38%.
In the method for treating nickel-containing wastewater by using the composite adsorbent, the modified sepiolite, the acid modified fly ash and the cross-linked chitosan are uniformly mixed to prepare the composite adsorbent, the composite adsorbent is mixed with the nickel-containing wastewater and then is subjected to oscillation adsorption, part of nickel ions in the wastewater are removed, the pH value of a system is adjusted to be 4-5, sodium hypochlorite is added for stirring reaction, complex nickel in the wastewater is broken and complexed, the complex in the wastewater is destroyed, the nickel ions are dissociated, other organic matters in the nickel-containing wastewater are removed at the same time, the composite adsorbent is added for re-adsorption, then the pH value is adjusted to be 10.5-11.5, the nickel in the wastewater is converted into nickel hydroxide, polyaluminium chloride is added for stirring, polyacrylamide is added for stirring, a large amount of nickel ions are removed after precipitation, the mixture is mixed with the composite adsorbent again, the concentration of the nickel ions in the wastewater is further reduced, the concentration of the residual total nickel ions is less than or equal to 0.08 mg/L; in the preparation process of the modified sepiolite in the preferred mode, firstly, the sepiolite is acidified by hydrochloric acid, carbonate impurities in the sepiolite are removed, the pore volume is increased, meanwhile, Si-O-Mg-O-Si bonds in the sepiolite are changed into two Si-O-H bonds, after microwave treatment, the modification is more thorough, internal channels of the sepiolite are communicated, more gaps are formed, the surface area is increased, manganese dioxide formed by reaction of potassium permanganate and concentrated hydrochloric acid is uniformly loaded on the surface of a material A, the adsorption capacity is large, the loading strength is high, a material B is obtained, then, N- (2-aminoethyl) -3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane is used as a modifier to modify the material B, a material C containing amino is obtained, and then, the material C and 2-chloromethylbenzimidazole are used as raw materials, the reaction conditions are controlled, so that 2-chloromethyl benzimidazole reacts with amino on the surface of the material C, the benzimidazole structure is introduced into sepiolite to obtain modified sepiolite, the pore passage of the modified sepiolite is smoother, the stability is good, manganese dioxide, amino and benzimidazole structures are introduced, adsorption sites are increased, the modified sepiolite is used as an adsorbent, nickel ions are adsorbed through multiple effects of pore passage adsorption, surface hydroxyl complexation, coordination adsorption of nitrogen atoms and the like, the modified sepiolite is mixed with acid modified fly ash and cross-linked chitosan to have a synergistic effect, the adsorption performance is excellent, and the removal rate of the nickel ions is high.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific examples.
Example 1
A method for treating nickel-containing wastewater by using a composite adsorbent comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing the nickel-containing wastewater with the composite adsorbent, oscillating at room temperature, and carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain primary treated wastewater;
s2, adjusting the pH value of the primary treatment wastewater to 5, adding sodium hypochlorite to carry out stirring reaction, then adding a composite adsorbent to oscillate at room temperature, and carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain secondary treatment wastewater;
s3, adjusting the pH value of the secondary treatment wastewater to 10.5, standing for precipitation, taking the upper layer liquid, adding polyaluminium chloride, stirring, adding polyacrylamide, stirring, standing, and performing solid-liquid separation to obtain tertiary treatment wastewater;
s4, mixing the three-time treated wastewater with the composite adsorbent, and oscillating at room temperature to separate solid from liquid;
wherein in S1, S2 and S4, the composite adsorbent is prepared by uniformly mixing modified sepiolite, acid modified fly ash and cross-linked chitosan.
Example 2
A method for treating nickel-containing wastewater by using a composite adsorbent comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing the nickel-containing wastewater with the composite adsorbent, oscillating for 10 hours at room temperature, and performing solid-liquid separation to obtain primary treated wastewater; wherein, each liter of nickel-containing wastewater is mixed with 11g of composite adsorbent;
S2, adjusting the pH value of the primary treatment wastewater to 4, adding sodium hypochlorite to carry out stirring reaction, then adding a composite adsorbent, oscillating for 18 hours at room temperature, and carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain secondary treatment wastewater; wherein the mass of sodium hypochlorite added into each liter of primary treatment wastewater is 120mg, and 3g of composite adsorbent is added into each liter of primary treatment wastewater;
s3, adding sodium hydroxide to adjust the pH value of the secondary treatment wastewater to 11.5, standing for precipitation, taking the upper layer liquid, adding polyaluminium chloride, stirring, adding polyacrylamide, stirring, standing for 3 hours, and performing solid-liquid separation to obtain tertiary treatment wastewater; wherein, the weight of the added polyaluminum chloride in each liter of upper liquid is 100mg, and the weight of the added polyacrylamide is 38 mg;
s4, mixing the three-time treated wastewater with the composite adsorbent, oscillating for 35 hours at room temperature, and carrying out solid-liquid separation; wherein, each liter of the three times of treated wastewater is mixed with 3g of the composite adsorbent;
in S1, S2 and S4, the composite adsorbent is prepared by uniformly mixing modified sepiolite, acid modified fly ash and cross-linked chitosan, wherein the weight ratio of the modified sepiolite to the acid modified fly ash to the cross-linked chitosan is 6: 5: 5; the preparation method of the modified sepiolite comprises the following steps: mixing sepiolite with hydrochloric acid with the mass concentration of 12%, wherein the mass ratio of the sepiolite to the hydrochloric acid is 1: 4, stirring at room temperature for 10 hours, then carrying out microwave treatment for 12 minutes, wherein the power of the microwave treatment is 650W, washing to be neutral after solid-liquid separation, drying, and then treating at 280 ℃ for 4 hours to obtain a material A; mixing the material A with a potassium permanganate aqueous solution, stirring and reacting at 90 ℃ for 25min, and then adding concentrated hydrochloric acid, wherein the weight ratio of the material A to the potassium permanganate to the concentrated hydrochloric acid is 2: 9: 21, stirring and reacting at 80 ℃ for 100min, standing, removing supernatant, washing with water, drying, and performing heat treatment at 350 ℃ for 60min to obtain a material B; mixing the material B with ethanol, and adding N- (2-aminoethyl) -3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, wherein the weight ratio of the material B, N- (2-aminoethyl) -3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane is 6: 1, the weight volume ratio of the material B to the ethanol is 1: 15g/mL, stirring and reacting for 17h at 65 ℃, filtering, washing and drying to obtain a material C; uniformly mixing materials C, 2-chloromethyl benzimidazole and dimethyl sulfoxide, wherein the weight ratio of the materials C and 2-chloromethyl benzimidazole is 8: 1, the weight volume ratio of the material C to the dimethyl sulfoxide is 1: adding 20g/mL of sodium carbonate, heating to 75 ℃ under the protection of nitrogen, stirring, reacting for 12 hours, filtering, washing and drying after the reaction is finished to obtain the modified sepiolite.
Example 3
A method for treating nickel-containing wastewater by using a composite adsorbent comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing the nickel-containing wastewater with the composite adsorbent according to the mixing amount of the nickel-containing wastewater and 8g of the composite adsorbent per liter, oscillating for 20 hours at room temperature, and carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain primary treated wastewater;
s2, adjusting the pH value of the primary treatment wastewater to 4, adding sodium hypochlorite to carry out stirring reaction, then adding a composite adsorbent to oscillate at room temperature for 20 hours, and carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain secondary treatment wastewater; wherein the mass of sodium hypochlorite added into each liter of primary treatment wastewater is 150mg, and 6g of composite adsorbent is added into each liter of primary treatment wastewater;
s3, adding sodium hydroxide to adjust the pH value of the secondary treatment wastewater to 11, standing for precipitation, taking the upper layer liquid, adding polyaluminium chloride, stirring, adding polyacrylamide, stirring, standing for 5 hours, and performing solid-liquid separation to obtain tertiary treatment wastewater; wherein, the weight of the added polyaluminum chloride in each liter of upper liquid is 150mg, and the weight of the added polyacrylamide is 25 mg;
s4, mixing the three-time treated wastewater with a composite adsorbent, wherein each liter of the three-time treated wastewater is mixed with 5g of the composite adsorbent, and oscillating at room temperature for 20 hours to perform solid-liquid separation;
Wherein in S1, S2 and S4, the composite adsorbent is prepared by uniformly mixing modified sepiolite, acid modified fly ash and cross-linked chitosan, and the weight ratio of the modified sepiolite to the acid modified fly ash to the cross-linked chitosan is 13: 2: 9; the preparation method of the modified sepiolite comprises the following steps: mixing sepiolite with hydrochloric acid with the mass concentration of 15%, wherein the mass ratio of the sepiolite to the hydrochloric acid is 1: 3, stirring at room temperature for 20h, then carrying out microwave treatment for 8min, wherein the power of the microwave treatment is 780W, washing to be neutral after solid-liquid separation, drying, and then treating at 250 ℃ for 5h to obtain a material A; mixing the material A with a potassium permanganate aqueous solution, stirring and reacting at 92 ℃ for 20min, and then adding concentrated hydrochloric acid, wherein the weight ratio of potassium permanganate in the material A to the potassium permanganate aqueous solution to the concentrated hydrochloric acid is 3: 8: 22, stirring and reacting for 50min at 95 ℃, standing, removing supernatant, washing with water, drying, and performing heat treatment for 50min at 380 ℃ to obtain a material B; mixing material B with ethanol, adding N- (2-aminoethyl) -3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, wherein the weight ratio of material B, N- (2-aminoethyl) -3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane is 15: 1, stirring and reacting for 20 hours at the temperature of 60 ℃, filtering, washing and drying to obtain a material C; uniformly mixing the material C, 2-chloromethyl benzimidazole and dimethyl sulfoxide, wherein the weight ratio of the material C to the 2-chloromethyl benzimidazole is 4: 1, adding sodium carbonate, heating to 90 ℃ under the protection of nitrogen, stirring, reacting for 8 hours, filtering, washing and drying after the reaction is finished to obtain the modified sepiolite.
Example 4
A method for treating nickel-containing wastewater by using a composite adsorbent comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing the nickel-containing wastewater with the composite adsorbent, oscillating for 13 hours at room temperature, and performing solid-liquid separation to obtain primary treated wastewater; wherein, in the process of mixing the nickel-containing wastewater with the composite adsorbent, each liter of nickel-containing wastewater is mixed with 9g of the composite adsorbent;
s2, adjusting the pH value of the primary treatment wastewater to 4.5, adding sodium hypochlorite to perform stirring reaction, wherein the mass of the sodium hypochlorite added into each liter of the primary treatment wastewater is 250mg, then adding a composite adsorbent to oscillate at room temperature for 15h, and performing solid-liquid separation to obtain secondary treatment wastewater; wherein, in the process of adding the composite adsorbent, the composite adsorbent is added according to the standard that 4g of the composite adsorbent is added into each liter of wastewater for one time treatment;
s3, adding an alkaline substance to adjust the pH value of the secondary treatment wastewater to 11, standing for precipitation, taking the upper layer liquid, adding polyaluminium chloride, stirring, adding polyacrylamide, stirring, standing for 4 hours, and performing solid-liquid separation to obtain tertiary treatment wastewater; wherein the alkaline substance is a mixture of sodium hydroxide and calcium oxide, and the weight ratio of the sodium hydroxide to the calcium oxide is 2: 1; the weight of the added polyaluminium chloride in each liter of upper layer liquid is 110mg, and the weight of the added polyacrylamide is 20 mg;
S4, adjusting the pH value of the wastewater treated for the third time to 7, mixing the wastewater with a composite adsorbent, oscillating the wastewater at room temperature for 25 hours, and then carrying out solid-liquid separation; wherein, three times of treated wastewater per liter is mixed with 6g of composite adsorbent;
in S1, S2 and S4, the composite adsorbent is prepared by uniformly mixing modified sepiolite, acid modified fly ash and cross-linked chitosan, wherein the weight ratio of the modified sepiolite to the acid modified fly ash to the cross-linked chitosan is 7: 3: 6; the preparation method of the modified sepiolite comprises the following steps: mixing sepiolite with hydrochloric acid with the mass concentration of 13%, wherein the mass ratio of the sepiolite to the hydrochloric acid is 1: 3, stirring for 15 hours at room temperature, then carrying out microwave treatment for 11 minutes, wherein the power of the microwave treatment is 680W, washing to be neutral after solid-liquid separation, drying, and then treating for 4.8 hours at 260 ℃ to obtain a material A; mixing the material A with a potassium permanganate aqueous solution, stirring and reacting for 15min at 95 ℃, and then adding concentrated hydrochloric acid, wherein the weight ratio of potassium permanganate in the material A to the potassium permanganate aqueous solution to the concentrated hydrochloric acid is 4: 7: 25, stirring and reacting at 85 ℃ for 80min, standing, removing supernatant, washing with water, drying, and performing heat treatment at 500 ℃ for 30min to obtain a material B; mixing material B with ethanol, adding N- (2-aminoethyl) -3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, wherein the weight ratio of material B, N- (2-aminoethyl) -3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane is 13: 1, the weight volume ratio of the material B to the ethanol is 1: 20g/mL, stirring and reacting for 15h at 70 ℃, filtering, washing and drying to obtain a material C; uniformly mixing the material C, 2-chloromethyl benzimidazole and dimethyl sulfoxide, wherein the weight ratio of the material C to the 2-chloromethyl benzimidazole is 5: 1, the weight volume ratio of the material C to the dimethyl sulfoxide is 1: adding 30g/mL of sodium carbonate, heating to 78 ℃ under the protection of nitrogen, stirring, reacting for 11 hours, filtering, washing and drying after the reaction is finished to obtain the modified sepiolite.
Example 5
A method for treating nickel-containing wastewater by using a composite adsorbent comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing the nickel-containing wastewater with the composite adsorbent, oscillating for 15 hours at room temperature, and carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain primary treated wastewater; wherein, each liter of nickel-containing wastewater is mixed with 10g of composite adsorbent;
s2, adjusting the pH value of the primary treatment wastewater to 4, adding sodium hypochlorite to carry out stirring reaction, then adding a composite adsorbent to oscillate at room temperature for 18h, and carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain secondary treatment wastewater; wherein the mass of sodium hypochlorite added into each liter of primary treatment wastewater is 200mg, and 5g of composite adsorbent is added into each liter of primary treatment wastewater;
s3, adding sodium hydroxide to adjust the pH value of the secondary treatment wastewater to 11, standing for precipitation, taking the upper layer liquid, adding polyaluminium chloride, stirring, adding polyacrylamide, stirring, standing for 4 hours, and performing solid-liquid separation to obtain tertiary treatment wastewater; wherein, the weight of the added polyaluminium chloride in each liter of upper layer liquid is 130mg, and the weight of the added polyacrylamide is 25 mg;
s4, adjusting the pH value of the wastewater treated for the third time to 6, mixing the wastewater with the composite adsorbent, oscillating the mixture at room temperature for 28 hours, and performing solid-liquid separation; wherein, three times of treated wastewater per liter is mixed with 4.5g of composite adsorbent;
In S1, S2 and S4, the composite adsorbent is prepared by uniformly mixing modified sepiolite, acid modified fly ash and cross-linked chitosan, wherein the weight ratio of the modified sepiolite to the acid modified fly ash to the cross-linked chitosan is 11: 4: 7; the preparation method of the modified sepiolite comprises the following steps: mixing sepiolite with hydrochloric acid with the mass concentration of 14%, wherein the mass ratio of the sepiolite to the hydrochloric acid is 1: 3.5, stirring for 15h at room temperature, then carrying out microwave treatment for 9min, wherein the power of the microwave treatment is 750W, washing to be neutral after solid-liquid separation, drying, and then treating for 4.5h at 272 ℃ to obtain a material A; mixing the material A with a potassium permanganate aqueous solution, stirring and reacting at 93 ℃ for 22min, and then adding concentrated hydrochloric acid, wherein the weight ratio of potassium permanganate in the material A to the potassium permanganate aqueous solution to the concentrated hydrochloric acid is 3: 8: 23, stirring and reacting at 90 ℃ for 60min, standing, removing supernatant, washing with water, drying, and performing heat treatment at 400 ℃ for 45min to obtain a material B; mixing the material B with ethanol, adding N- (2-aminoethyl) -3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, wherein the weight ratio of the material B, N- (2-aminoethyl) -3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane is 11: 1, stirring and reacting for 18 hours at 65 ℃, filtering, washing and drying to obtain a material C; uniformly mixing the material C, 2-chloromethyl benzimidazole and dimethyl sulfoxide, wherein the weight ratio of the material C to the 2-chloromethyl benzimidazole is 7: 1, adding sodium carbonate, heating to 85 ℃ under the protection of nitrogen, stirring, reacting for 10 hours, filtering, washing and drying after the reaction is finished to obtain the modified sepiolite.
Example 6
The invention provides a method for treating nickel-containing wastewater by using a composite adsorbent, which comprises the following steps:
s1, taking nickel-containing wastewater of a certain chemical plating plant as a treatment object, wherein the total nickel in the nickel-containing wastewater is 230mg/L, and the pH value is 2.8; mixing 3L of nickel-containing wastewater with 27g of composite adsorbent, oscillating for 18h at room temperature, and filtering to obtain primary treatment wastewater;
s2, taking 2L of primary treated wastewater, adjusting the pH value to 5, adding 360mg of sodium hypochlorite, stirring and reacting for 20min at the rotation speed of 200r/min, adding 10g of composite adsorbent, oscillating for 16h at room temperature, and filtering to obtain secondary treated wastewater;
s3, adding sodium hydroxide into the secondary wastewater to adjust the pH value to 10.5, standing for precipitation, adding 110mg of polyaluminum chloride into 1L of supernatant, stirring for 20min at the stirring speed of 200r/min, adding 33mg of polyacrylamide, stirring for 15min at the stirring speed of 60r/min, standing for 3.5h, and filtering to obtain tertiary wastewater;
s4, taking 1L of the three-time treated wastewater, adjusting the pH value to 7, adding 5g of composite adsorbent, oscillating at room temperature for 24 hours, and filtering to obtain upper-layer liquid;
in S1, S2 and S4, the composite adsorbent is prepared by uniformly mixing modified sepiolite, acid modified fly ash and cross-linked chitosan, wherein the weight ratio of the modified sepiolite to the acid modified fly ash to the cross-linked chitosan is 7: 3: 6; the preparation method of the modified sepiolite comprises the following steps: mixing 100g of sepiolite with 320g of hydrochloric acid with the mass concentration of 14%, stirring at room temperature for 13h, then carrying out microwave treatment for 9min, wherein the power of the microwave treatment is 720W, filtering, washing to be neutral, drying at 110 ℃ for 10h, and then treating at 270 ℃ for 4.2h to obtain a material A; mixing 23g of the material A with a potassium permanganate aqueous solution containing 80g of potassium permanganate, stirring and reacting for 17min at 94 ℃, then adding 240g of concentrated hydrochloric acid, stirring and reacting for 65min at 92 ℃, standing, removing supernatant, washing with water, drying for 10h at 85 ℃, and performing heat treatment for 35min at 480 ℃ to obtain a material B; mixing 13g of material B with 250ml of ethanol, adding 1g N- (2-aminoethyl) -3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, stirring and reacting for 17 hours at 68 ℃, filtering, washing with water, and drying for 12 hours at 85 ℃ to obtain material C; uniformly mixing 4.7g of the material C, 1g of 2-chloromethylbenzimidazole and 50ml of dimethyl sulfoxide, adding 0.3g of sodium carbonate, heating to 85 ℃ under the protection of nitrogen, stirring for reaction for 9 hours, filtering after the reaction is finished, washing with ethanol, washing with water, and drying to obtain the modified sepiolite.
And (3) taking the final upper-layer liquid water sample to determine the total nickel, wherein the final concentration of the total nickel in the upper-layer liquid water sample is 0.06mg/L and the total nickel removal rate is 99.97 percent.
Example 7
The invention provides a method for treating nickel-containing wastewater by using a composite adsorbent, which comprises the following steps:
s1, taking chemical plating nickel-containing wastewater of a certain electroplating plant as a treatment object, wherein the total nickel concentration is 332mg/L, and the pH value is 2.0; adding a composite adsorbent into the nickel-containing wastewater, wherein the adding amount of the composite adsorbent is 10g/L, oscillating for 12h at room temperature, and performing solid-liquid separation to obtain primary treated wastewater;
s2, adjusting the pH value of the primary treatment wastewater to 4, adding sodium hypochlorite to perform stirring reaction for 35min at a stirring rotation speed of 130r/min, wherein the addition amount of the sodium hypochlorite is 220mg/L, then adding a composite adsorbent, oscillating at room temperature for 19h, wherein the addition amount of the composite adsorbent is 4g/L, and performing solid-liquid separation to obtain secondary treatment wastewater;
s3, adding sodium hydroxide to adjust the pH value of the secondary treatment wastewater to 11.5, standing for precipitation, taking the upper layer liquid, adding polyaluminum chloride, wherein the adding amount of the polyaluminum chloride is 140mg/L, stirring at the rotating speed of 200r/min for 20min, adding polyacrylamide, wherein the adding amount of the polyacrylamide is 24mg/L, stirring at the rotating speed of 50r/min for 15min, standing for 4.5h, and carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain tertiary treatment wastewater;
S4, adjusting the pH value of the wastewater treated for the third time to 6, adding a composite adsorbent into the wastewater treated for the third time, wherein the addition amount of the composite adsorbent is 4g/L, oscillating at room temperature for 32 hours, and then carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain upper-layer liquid;
wherein in S1, S2 and S4, the composite adsorbent is prepared by uniformly mixing modified sepiolite, acid modified fly ash and cross-linked chitosan, and the weight ratio of the modified sepiolite to the acid modified fly ash to the cross-linked chitosan is 11: 4: 8; the preparation method of the modified sepiolite comprises the following steps: mixing sepiolite with hydrochloric acid with the mass concentration of 12%, wherein the mass ratio of the sepiolite to the hydrochloric acid is 1: 3.8, stirring for 15h at room temperature, then carrying out microwave treatment for 8.5min, wherein the power of the microwave treatment is 690W, filtering, washing to be neutral, drying at 105 ℃, and then treating for 5h at 255 ℃ to obtain a material A; mixing the material A with a potassium permanganate aqueous solution, stirring and reacting at 92 ℃ for 22min, and then adding concentrated hydrochloric acid, wherein the weight ratio of potassium permanganate in the material A to the potassium permanganate aqueous solution to the concentrated hydrochloric acid is 3: 7.5: 21.5, stirring and reacting for 90min at 86 ℃, standing, removing supernatant, washing with water, drying at 90 ℃, and performing heat treatment at 375 ℃ for 55min to obtain a material B; mixing the material B with ethanol, adding N- (2-aminoethyl) -3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, wherein the weight ratio of the material B, N- (2-aminoethyl) -3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane is 7: 1, the weight volume ratio of the material B to the ethanol is 1: 15g/mL, stirring and reacting at 62 ℃ for 19h, filtering, washing with water, and drying at 80 ℃ to obtain a material C; uniformly mixing the material C, 2-chloromethyl benzimidazole and dimethyl sulfoxide, wherein the weight ratio of the material C to the 2-chloromethyl benzimidazole is 7: 1, the weight volume ratio of the material C to the dimethyl sulfoxide is 1: adding 20g/mL of sodium carbonate, heating to 77 ℃ under the protection of nitrogen, stirring, reacting for 11 hours, filtering after the reaction is finished, washing with water, washing with ethanol, and drying at 85 ℃ to obtain the modified sepiolite.
And (3) taking the final upper layer liquid water sample to determine the total nickel, wherein the test proves that the concentration of the total nickel in the final upper layer liquid water sample is 0.079mg/L, and the removal rate of the total nickel is 99.98%.
Comparative example 1
The only difference from example 6 is that: the composite adsorbent is prepared by uniformly mixing acid-modified fly ash and cross-linked chitosan, wherein the weight ratio of the acid-modified fly ash to the cross-linked chitosan is 3: 6.
and (3) taking the final upper-layer liquid water sample to determine the total nickel, wherein the final concentration of the total nickel in the upper-layer liquid water sample is 0.33mg/L and the total nickel removal rate is 99.86 percent.
Comparative example 2
The only difference from example 6 is that: the S2 does not include the step of adding the composite adsorbent and then oscillating at room temperature, namely the S2 comprises the following specific steps: taking 2L of primary treatment wastewater, adjusting the pH value of the primary treatment wastewater to 5, adding 360mg of sodium hypochlorite, stirring and reacting for 20min at the stirring speed of 200r/min, and filtering to obtain secondary treatment wastewater.
And (3) taking the final upper-layer liquid water sample to determine the total nickel, wherein the final concentration of the total nickel in the upper-layer liquid water sample is 0.21mg/L and the total nickel removal rate is 99.91 percent.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A method for treating nickel-containing wastewater by using a composite adsorbent is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, mixing the nickel-containing wastewater with a composite adsorbent, oscillating at room temperature, and carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain primary treated wastewater;
s2, adjusting the pH value of the primary treatment wastewater to 4-5, adding sodium hypochlorite to carry out stirring reaction, then adding a composite adsorbent to oscillate at room temperature, and carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain secondary treatment wastewater;
s3, adjusting the pH value of the secondary treatment wastewater to 10.5-11.5, standing for precipitation, adding polyaluminum chloride into the upper layer liquid, stirring, adding polyacrylamide, stirring, standing, and performing solid-liquid separation to obtain tertiary treatment wastewater;
s4, mixing the three-time treated wastewater with a composite adsorbent, and performing solid-liquid separation after oscillation at room temperature;
wherein in S1, S2 and S4, the composite adsorbent is prepared by uniformly mixing modified sepiolite, acid modified fly ash and cross-linked chitosan;
the preparation method of the modified sepiolite comprises the following steps: mixing sepiolite and hydrochloric acid, stirring at room temperature for 10-20h, performing microwave treatment, performing solid-liquid separation, washing to neutrality, drying, and treating at 280 ℃ for 4-5h to obtain a material A; mixing the material A with a potassium permanganate aqueous solution, stirring and reacting at 90-95 ℃ for 15-25min, then adding concentrated hydrochloric acid, stirring and reacting at 80-95 ℃ for 50-100min, standing, removing a supernatant, washing with water, drying, and performing heat treatment at 350-500 ℃ for 30-60min to obtain a material B; mixing the material B with ethanol, adding N- (2-aminoethyl) -3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, stirring and reacting for 15-20h at 60-70 ℃, filtering, washing and drying to obtain a material C; uniformly mixing the material C, the 2-chloromethyl benzimidazole and the dimethyl sulfoxide, adding sodium carbonate, heating to 75-90 ℃ under the protection of nitrogen, stirring for reacting for 8-12h, filtering, washing and drying after the reaction is finished to obtain the modified sepiolite.
2. The method for treating nickel-containing wastewater by using composite adsorbent according to claim 1, wherein in S1, 8-11g of composite adsorbent is mixed per liter of nickel-containing wastewater; the oscillation time is 10-20 h.
3. The method for treating nickel-containing wastewater by using composite adsorbent as claimed in claim 1, wherein in S2, the mass of sodium hypochlorite added per liter of primary treated wastewater is 120-250 mg; adding 3-6g of composite adsorbent into each liter of primary wastewater; the oscillation time is 15-20 h.
4. The method for treating nickel-containing wastewater by using composite adsorbent according to claim 1, wherein in S3, alkaline substance is added to adjust pH value of secondary treatment wastewater; the alkaline substance is one or a mixture of more of sodium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide and calcium oxide; the weight of the added polyaluminium chloride in each liter of upper layer liquid is 100-150mg, and the weight of the added polyacrylamide is 20-38 mg; standing for 3-5 h.
5. The method for treating nickel-containing wastewater using composite adsorbent according to claim 1, wherein in S4, treated wastewater is mixed with 3-6g of composite adsorbent per liter three times; the oscillation time is 20-35 h.
6. The method for treating nickel-containing wastewater by using the composite adsorbent as claimed in claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of the modified sepiolite, the acid-modified fly ash and the cross-linked chitosan in the composite adsorbent is 6-13: 2-5: 5-9.
7. The method for treating nickel-containing wastewater by using the composite adsorbent according to claim 1, wherein the mass concentration of the hydrochloric acid is 12-15%, and the mass ratio of the sepiolite to the hydrochloric acid is 1: 3-4; the power of the microwave treatment is 650-780W, and the time is 8-12 min.
8. The method for treating nickel-containing wastewater by using the composite adsorbent according to claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of the material A, the potassium permanganate and the concentrated hydrochloric acid is 2-4: 7-9: 21-25; the weight ratio of the material B, N- (2-aminoethyl) -3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane is 6-15: 1; the weight ratio of the material C to the 2-chloromethyl benzimidazole is 4-8: 1.
9. the method for treating nickel-containing wastewater using composite adsorbent according to claim 1, further comprising adjusting pH of the tertiary-treated wastewater to 6-7 before mixing the tertiary-treated wastewater with the composite adsorbent in S4.
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| CN112429793A (en) * | 2020-11-24 | 2021-03-02 | 北京华德创业环保设备有限公司 | Desulfurization wastewater treatment integrated agent and preparation method thereof |
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| CN114940547A (en) * | 2022-05-13 | 2022-08-26 | 乐清市荣禹污水处理有限公司 | Treatment method of nickel wastewater |
| CN115231685B (en) * | 2022-08-17 | 2024-04-09 | 江苏大学 | Method for removing heavy metal nickel ions in wastewater by oxidation/adsorption method |
| CN116510744A (en) * | 2023-04-26 | 2023-08-01 | 浙江天地环保科技股份有限公司 | Preparation of nickel-manganese modified fly ash ozone oxidation catalyst by hot alkali method |
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