CN111168002A - Printing and cutting integrated forming method for large sand mold - Google Patents
Printing and cutting integrated forming method for large sand mold Download PDFInfo
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- CN111168002A CN111168002A CN201911404103.3A CN201911404103A CN111168002A CN 111168002 A CN111168002 A CN 111168002A CN 201911404103 A CN201911404103 A CN 201911404103A CN 111168002 A CN111168002 A CN 111168002A
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- sand
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- sand mold
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/02—Sand moulds or like moulds for shaped castings
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
Abstract
The invention belongs to the cross field of additive manufacturing and casting, and discloses a printing and cutting integrated forming method for a large sand mold, which is suitable for manufacturing single-piece small-batch large sand molds. Firstly, layering a sand mold three-dimensional CAD model to obtain layer information; selecting molding sand of a premixed curing agent or a binder to lay the current layer according to the information of the current layer; spraying a binder or a curing agent on the paved molding sand of the current layer to bond and cure the molding sand of the current layer, wherein the molding sand has certain initial strength; then, performing contour cutting processing on the solidified current layer sand mold along the contour of the current layer by adopting a cutting processing method to finish the printing cutting of the current layer; at this time, the sand spreading device moves upwards by one layer thickness, the printing and cutting of the next layer are continued, the processes are repeated, and finally the sand mold manufacturing is completed. The large sand mold manufactured by the method does not need a mold and has the advantages of high forming speed, high precision, controllable shape and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the cross field of additive manufacturing and casting, and particularly relates to a printing and cutting integrated forming method for a large sand mold.
Background
In recent years, the research on the manufacturing technology of increasing and decreasing materials is gradually in good condition, and especially, the research on the aspect of composite forming of the metal laser additive manufacturing technology and the numerical control processing technology has certain breakthroughs. The composite forming technology based on material increase and decrease manufacturing integrates the advantages of an Additive Manufacturing (AM) technology and a material decrease manufacturing technology, has the characteristics of high precision, high efficiency, low cost and the like, provides a new method for manufacturing high-performance complex parts, and has an innovative application prospect due to the combination and integration of the AM technology and the material decrease manufacturing technology. At present, the research on the aspect of composite forming of metal laser additive manufacturing technology and numerical control processing technology is mainly used for quick manufacturing of small and medium-sized complex castings, and is less applied to large sand castings such as aeroengine casings, cabin bodies, liquid tanks and the like.
The sand mold 3D printing technology is additive manufacturing technology based on droplet jet forming, additive manufacturing of a sand mold is carried out by adopting a layered manufacturing idea, under the driving of a three-dimensional CAD model, a printing nozzle is controlled to jet a bonding agent, molding sand is bonded layer by layer, and a final sand mold is obtained by printing. The sand mold cutting processing technology is characterized in that material reduction manufacturing is carried out by taking removing processing as a characteristic, and the numerical control cutting processing of the sand mold is directly carried out under the driving of a numerical control processing code to obtain the final sand mold. Compared with the traditional casting, the sand mold 3D printing technology and the sand mold cutting processing technology save the design, processing and manufacturing processes of molds such as wood molds, metal molds and the like, do not need to manufacture part molds, can directly manufacture sand molds (cores), save the manufacturing time and cost of the molds, and are particularly suitable for product research and development and the manufacture of single-piece and small-batch products. But also has the defects in the application of manufacturing large sand moulds:
(1) the sand mold ink-jet printing additive manufacturing method based on the powder bed is not suitable for manufacturing large-scale or ultra-large-scale sand molds because the printing platform is mainly adopted to drive the printed sand mold to integrally lift in the printing process to realize the layered manufacturing of the sand mold, and the large-scale sand mold is difficult to take the mold;
(2) at present, the 3D printing of the sand mold is mainly the printing of a single sand mold, the printing of various molding sands is difficult to realize, and in addition, the printing forming process is limited by adopting special molding sands and resins;
(3) the manufacture of large and ultra-large sand blanks for sand mold cutting is relatively difficult, and direct cutting wastes a large amount of molding sand and processing time.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems existing in the process of rapidly manufacturing single-piece small-batch large sand molds, the invention provides a printing and cutting integrated forming method for large sand molds.
A large-scale sand mould printing and cutting integrated forming method comprises the steps of firstly carrying out layering processing on a sand mould three-dimensional CAD model to obtain layer information; selecting molding sand of a premixed curing agent or a binder to lay the current layer according to the information of the current layer; spraying a binder or a curing agent on the paved molding sand of the current layer to bond and cure the molding sand of the current layer, wherein the molding sand has certain initial strength; then, performing contour cutting processing on the solidified current layer sand mold along the contour of the current layer by adopting a cutting processing method to finish the printing cutting of the current layer; at the moment, the sand spreading device moves upwards by one layer thickness, the printing and cutting of the next layer are continued, the processes are repeated, and finally the sand mold manufacturing is completed.
In order to achieve the purpose, the printing and cutting integrated forming method for the large sand mold is carried out according to the following steps:
step 1: carrying out layering processing on the sand mold three-dimensional CAD model to obtain layer information;
step 2: according to the information of the current layer sheet, sand of a premixed curing agent or a binder is selected in the filling area to lay the current layer;
and step 3: spraying a binder or a curing agent on the paved molding sand of the current layer to bond and cure the molding sand of the current layer, wherein the molding sand has certain initial strength;
and 4, step 4: moving the sand paving device upwards by one layer thickness;
and 5: repeating the steps 2 to 4, and forming a sand mold blank with a certain thickness;
step 6: carrying out contour cutting processing on the sand mold blank with the current thickness by adopting a cutting processing method to finish sand mold printing and cutting with the current thickness;
and 7: and (6) repeating the steps 2 to 6 to perform sand mold printing and cutting until the sand mold manufacturing is completed.
The printing and cutting process of the printing and cutting integrated method for manufacturing the large sand mold can adopt layer-by-layer printing and cutting.
The adhesive for the printing and cutting integrated method for manufacturing the large sand mold can be phenolic resin, furan resin and inorganic adhesive.
The jet adhesive of the printing and cutting integrated method for manufacturing the large sand mold can adopt an ink jet printing mode.
A jet curing agent of a printing and cutting integrated method for manufacturing a large sand mold can jet a gas curing agent.
The laying of the premixed molding sand in the printing and cutting integrated method for manufacturing the large sand mold can lay different premixed molding sand in different areas in the same layer.
The laying of the premixed molding sand in the printing and cutting integrated method for manufacturing the large sand mold can lay different types of molding sand in different layers.
A metal framework can be preset in advance in the sand mold printing and cutting process of a printing and cutting integrated method for manufacturing large sand molds.
A chill can be preset in the sand mould printing and cutting process of a printing and cutting integrated method for manufacturing large sand moulds.
By adopting the technical scheme, the method has the following advantages:
(1) the mode of material increase and material decrease is adopted, so that the large-scale and ultra-large-scale sand molds can be rapidly manufactured, and the efficiency and the precision of sand mold forming are improved.
(2) The manufacturing of the multi-material sand mold can be realized, the process requirement on molding materials is low, the forming flexibility is high, and the manufacturing cost is low.
(3) The method of material increase and material decrease compounding is adopted, the molding sand is laid according to the needs, the waste of large-scale sand mold cutting materials is reduced, and the method is green and environment-friendly.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a printing and cutting integrated forming method for a large sand mold;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a three-dimensional model slice;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of single-layer sand mold sanding on demand;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a single-layer sand mold printing curing process;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a sand mold formed to a certain thickness;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a cutting process;
FIG. 7 is a composite forming diagram of sand mold printing/cutting;
in the figure, A is a zircon sand area; b chromite sand area; c, quartz stone area; and D, a silica sand area.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a printing and cutting integrated forming method for a large sand mold, which comprises the following specific implementation modes:
firstly, a sand mould three-dimensional CAD model is established, the three-dimensional CAD model of the sand mould in the STL format is sliced in a layering mode as shown in figure 2, outline information is obtained, material information of each layer is specified according to the requirements of sand mould materials, and sanding path information, curing agent or binder spraying path information are generated on the basis. And selecting molding sand of a premixed curing agent or a binder according to the material information of the laminated sheet of the current layer, wherein the binder can be phenolic resin, furan resin or inorganic binder, and the curing agent can be phenolic resin curing agent, furan resin curing agent or inorganic binder curing agent. And after the molding sand of the premixed curing agent or the binder is selected as required, sand paving is carried out as required according to the sand paving path information. In the sand paving process, different types of molding sand can be paved on the current layer, and different types of molding sand can also be paved on different layers; as shown in fig. 3, the molding sand in the current layer is composed of four types of molding sand: a zircon sand area A, a chromite sand area B, a quartz sand area C and a silica sand area D. After the sand paving of the current layer (single layer) is finished, the printing process is carried out according to the curing agent or binder spraying path information as shown in figure 4, so that the bonding and curing of the sand mold of the current layer are realized, and the sand mold has certain initial strength. If single-layer printing is needed, directly carrying out a cutting process after the single-layer printing is finished; and if multi-layer printing is required, continuously entering a sand-paving printing process, as shown in fig. 1, selecting a binder or a curing agent required by the filling area according to the slice information, paving sand according to the requirement, curing the current layer, and moving the sand-paving device upwards to finish the multi-layer sand-paving printing manufacture. And after the sanding printing process is finished, carrying out contour cutting on the sand mold blank with the single-layer thickness and the multi-layer thickness by adopting a cutting method to finish the sand mold cutting with the single-layer thickness and the multi-layer thickness. After the printing and cutting process is finished as shown in fig. 1, if the sand mold is finished, the sand mold manufacturing is finished; if the sand mould is still required to be manufactured after printing and cutting, the process is continuously repeated: selecting a binder or a curing agent required by a filling area according to the slice information, sanding as required, curing the current layer (judging single-layer printing and multi-layer printing), moving a sanding device upwards, finishing single-layer and multi-layer sand sanding printing manufacture (judging whether sand molding is finished), and finishing large sand molding manufacture.
Claims (9)
1. A printing and cutting integrated method for manufacturing a large sand mold mainly comprises the following steps:
(1) carrying out layering processing on the sand mold three-dimensional CAD model to obtain layer information;
(2) according to the information of the current layer sheet, sand of a premixed curing agent or a binder is selected in the filling area to lay the current layer;
(3) spraying a binder or a curing agent on the paved molding sand of the current layer to bond and cure the molding sand of the current layer, wherein the molding sand has certain initial strength;
(4) moving the sand paving device upwards by one layer thickness;
(5) repeating the processes (2) to (4) to form a sand mold blank with a certain thickness;
(6) carrying out contour cutting processing on the sand mold blank with the current thickness by adopting a cutting processing method to finish sand mold printing and cutting with the current thickness;
(7) and (5) repeating the processes from (2) to (6) to perform sand mold printing and cutting until the sand mold manufacturing is completed.
2. A printing and cutting integrated method for manufacturing large sand moulds according to claim 1, wherein the printing and cutting process can be a layer-by-layer printing and cutting process.
3. The binder used in the printing and cutting integrated method for manufacturing a large sand mold according to claim 1 may be a phenol resin, a furan resin, or an inorganic binder.
4. The inkjet printing method of the printing and cutting integrated method for manufacturing large sand molds according to claim 1 is used as the inkjet printing method.
5. The method for manufacturing large sand molds by printing and cutting according to claim 1, wherein the sprayed curing agent can spray a gas curing agent.
6. The placement of the pre-mixed molding sand in a printing-cutting integrated process for large sand mold manufacture according to claim 1, wherein different pre-mixed molding sand can be placed in different areas within the same layer.
7. The placement of pre-mixed molding sand for a printing-cutting integrated process of large sand mold manufacture according to claim 1, wherein different types of molding sand can be placed in different layers.
8. According to the method for printing and cutting the sand mold, disclosed by claim 1, the metal framework can be preset in advance in the sand mold printing and cutting process.
9. According to the method for manufacturing large sand molds, chills can be preset in the sand mold printing and cutting process of the printing and cutting integrated method for manufacturing large sand molds according to claim 1.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201911404103.3A CN111168002A (en) | 2019-12-31 | 2019-12-31 | Printing and cutting integrated forming method for large sand mold |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112338140A (en) * | 2020-09-29 | 2021-02-09 | 北京机科国创轻量化科学研究院有限公司 | 3D printing forming method |
| CN114535498A (en) * | 2022-03-03 | 2022-05-27 | 南京航空航天大学 | Composite manufacturing method for increasing and decreasing materials of frozen sand mold |
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| US20180029132A1 (en) * | 2016-07-29 | 2018-02-01 | Tesla Motors, Inc. | Deposition of metal dies for part fabrication |
| CN109622972A (en) * | 2019-01-22 | 2019-04-16 | 大连海博瑞思科技有限公司 | Complicated inner flow passage increases and decreases material mixed production method |
| CN109676086A (en) * | 2019-01-31 | 2019-04-26 | 东南大学 | A kind of efficient increasing material former and method of the more curved surface high-accuracy cast sand molds of large size |
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| CN102458722A (en) * | 2009-06-23 | 2012-05-16 | 松下电器产业株式会社 | Method for producing three-dimensional formed shapes, and three-dimensional formed shapes obtained thereby |
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| US20180029132A1 (en) * | 2016-07-29 | 2018-02-01 | Tesla Motors, Inc. | Deposition of metal dies for part fabrication |
| CN106862494A (en) * | 2017-02-28 | 2017-06-20 | 宁夏共享模具有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of the 3D printing core with direct-cooled chill |
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| CN109676086A (en) * | 2019-01-31 | 2019-04-26 | 东南大学 | A kind of efficient increasing material former and method of the more curved surface high-accuracy cast sand molds of large size |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112338140A (en) * | 2020-09-29 | 2021-02-09 | 北京机科国创轻量化科学研究院有限公司 | 3D printing forming method |
| CN114535498A (en) * | 2022-03-03 | 2022-05-27 | 南京航空航天大学 | Composite manufacturing method for increasing and decreasing materials of frozen sand mold |
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Application publication date: 20200519 |
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