CN111157695A - Detection device and detection method for water toxicity - Google Patents
Detection device and detection method for water toxicity Download PDFInfo
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- CN111157695A CN111157695A CN202010156055.7A CN202010156055A CN111157695A CN 111157695 A CN111157695 A CN 111157695A CN 202010156055 A CN202010156055 A CN 202010156055A CN 111157695 A CN111157695 A CN 111157695A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/18—Water
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
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Abstract
The invention provides a device and a method for detecting water toxicity, wherein the detection device comprises: a reaction vessel for holding a mixed liquor containing an activated sludge solution; an oxygen supply device, wherein the oxygen supply device is communicated with the reaction container and is used for oxygenating the mixed liquid; a dissolved oxygen meter mounted on the reaction vessel, the dissolved oxygen meter being configured to detect a content of dissolved oxygen in the mixed liquid; the carbon source feeding device is communicated with the reaction container and is used for injecting an easily degradable organic substrate into the activated sludge solution or the mixed solution; the controller is respectively in communication connection with the oxygen supply device, the dissolved oxygen tester and the carbon source feeding device; and the display is used for displaying the calibration curve and the test curve. The invention can provide the water toxicity detection device which can effectively improve the toxicity detection precision and ensure the stability of the toxicity detection device.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of water body detection, in particular to a water body toxicity detection device and a water body toxicity detection method.
Background
Water is an indispensable important resource in human production and life, and in recent years, environmental pollution caused by toxic substances in industrial wastewater becomes a main water environment pollution problem in China, wherein the water environment pollution problem caused by toxic and harmful substances in the industrial wastewater is particularly serious, and the main reason is that a plurality of organic substances belong to carcinogenic, teratogenic and mutagenic 'three-cause' substances, so that animals can cause tumors, the human health and the growth of animals and plants are seriously influenced, and further the ecological balance is disturbed and destroyed. In addition, due to the development of globalization, the increasing of transportation and the frequent flow of commodities, accidents such as overflow, leakage and the like of toxic and harmful chemical products occur frequently in the transportation process, and further pollution is caused to water bodies such as rivers, reservoirs and the like.
Therefore, the work of toxicity detection on various water bodies, such as industrial wastewater, river water or reservoir water, is not slow enough. However, in the prior art, a luminescent bacteria detection method or a dissolved oxygen change rate detection method is often used for detection, and the detection precision and the detection stability are poor, so that the toxicity of a toxic or highly toxic water body cannot be detected, or the toxicity of a non-toxic or extremely toxic water body is detected, and a false alarm occurs.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention has been made in view of the above-described conventional circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a detection apparatus for water toxicity and a detection method thereof, which can effectively improve the accuracy of toxicity detection and ensure the detection stability.
To this end, an aspect of the present invention provides a device for detecting toxicity in a water body, comprising: a reaction vessel for holding a mixed liquor containing an activated sludge solution; an oxygen supply device, wherein the oxygen supply device is communicated with the reaction container and is used for oxygenating the mixed liquid; a dissolved oxygen meter mounted on the reaction vessel, the dissolved oxygen meter being configured to detect a content of dissolved oxygen in the mixed liquid; the carbon source feeding device is communicated with the reaction container and is used for injecting an easily degradable organic substrate into the activated sludge solution or the mixed solution; and the controller is in communication connection with the oxygen supply device, the dissolved oxygen determinator and the carbon source feeding device respectively. In one aspect of the invention, the inhibition effect of toxic substances in water on the activity of bacteria in the activated sludge solution is utilized to influence the utilization of organic substrates by the bacteria, so as to finally cause the change of dissolved oxygen, the oxygen supply device is used for respectively charging oxygen into the mixed liquor containing the activated sludge solution in the reaction container, the carbon source feeding device is used for feeding the degradable organic substrate, the bacteria in the activated sludge solution can utilize the degradable organic substrate as the respiration substrate, the oxygen is used as the final electron acceptor for aerobic respiration, when the respiration is larger than the oxygenation speed of the oxygen supply device, the dissolved oxygen in the mixed liquid is reduced, when the respiration is less than the oxygenation speed, the dissolved oxygen gradually rises back, finally the dissolved oxygen is saturated again, and the inhibition rate of toxic substances in the water body to be tested on the activated sludge solution is calculated, so that the existence, the content and the like of the toxic substances in the water body are judged.
As mentioned above, the equipment structure needed by the invention is simpler, the maintenance is easy, and the invention directly adopts the activated sludge solution in the sewage treatment facility as the calibration object, the obtaining method is simple, therefore, the testing cost is lower, and the invention is beneficial to industrial popularization and the like; in addition, through the comparison and analysis of the periodic calibration curve and the test curve, the precision, the stability and the like of the water toxicity detection can be improved, the reliability of the test result is improved, and reliable reference information, data support and the like can be provided for the operation of a sewage plant and the like.
In addition, in the device for detecting toxicity in water provided by the present invention, optionally, the degradable organic substrate is at least one selected from an acetic acid solution and citric acid. Thus, the use of the easily degradable organic substrate can be utilized more easily by bacteria in the activated sludge solution, and the reaction sensitivity of the test can be improved.
In addition, in the detection apparatus for toxicity of water body provided by the present invention, optionally, the apparatus further comprises: and the first sample injection mechanism is in communication connection with the controller, and extracts a set amount of the activated sludge solution from an aerobic pool of a sewage plant under the control of the controller and injects the activated sludge solution into the reaction container. Therefore, the activated sludge solution can be directly obtained from the sewage treatment facility through the first sample injection mechanism, and the obtaining mode is simple, convenient and effective.
In addition, in the detection apparatus for toxicity of water body provided by the present invention, optionally, the apparatus further comprises: and the second sample injection mechanism is in communication connection with the controller, and extracts a set amount of water to be tested from inlet water of a sewage treatment facility under the control of the controller and injects the water into the reaction vessel. Therefore, the water body to be tested can be directly obtained from the sewage treatment facility through the second sampling mechanism, and the obtaining mode is simple, effective, direct and reliable.
In addition, in the detection apparatus for toxicity of water body provided by the present invention, optionally, the apparatus further comprises: and the inlet of the filter is communicated with the sewage treatment facility, and the outlet of the filter is communicated with the second sample injection mechanism. In addition, the device for detecting toxicity of water bodies provided by the invention further comprises: a display in communication with the controller to display the calibration curve and the test curve in real time. Therefore, the results of the calibration curve and the test curve can be visually observed through the display, so that the occurrence of conditions such as test abnormity can be conveniently found in time, and the sensitivity of the detection result is improved.
In addition, in the detection apparatus for toxicity of water body provided by the present invention, optionally, the apparatus further comprises: and a stirrer which is arranged in the reaction container and is positioned below the liquid level of the activated sludge solution or the mixed liquid. Therefore, through the arrangement of the stirrer, the activated sludge solution or the mixed liquid can be continuously stirred, so that the mixing uniformity of the activated sludge solution or the mixed liquid is improved, and the reliability, the stability and the like of a final test result are improved.
In addition, in the detection apparatus for toxicity of water body provided by the present invention, optionally, the apparatus further comprises: a temperature measuring instrument which is provided in the reaction vessel and continuously detects the temperature of the activated sludge solution or the mixed solution; and a pH detector which is arranged in the reaction container and continuously detects the pH value of the activated sludge solution or the mixed solution. Therefore, the temperature measuring instrument and the pH detector can detect the change conditions of the temperature and the pH in the solution in real time, so that the temperature, the pH and the like in the solution can be timely and effectively controlled, and the accuracy, the reliability and the like of a toxicity test result can be further ensured.
In addition, in the detection apparatus for toxicity of water body provided by the present invention, optionally, the apparatus further comprises: a waste bin connected to the bottom of the reaction vessel adapted to collect waste in the reaction vessel. Therefore, the reacted sludge can be collected more effectively and conveniently in time so as to facilitate subsequent operations such as sludge treatment.
In addition, in the detection apparatus for toxicity of water body provided by the present invention, optionally, the apparatus further comprises: an electrically operated valve located between the waste bin and the reaction vessel.
In another aspect of the present invention, a method for detecting toxicity of a water body is provided, which includes: a preparation step of preparing an activated sludge solution and oxygenating the activated sludge solution at a set oxygenation rate; a calibration step of injecting an easily degradable organic substrate into the activated sludge solution when dissolved oxygen in the activated sludge solution is in a saturated state, thereby obtaining the change of the dissolved oxygen in the activated sludge solution with time in at least one period; a testing procedure, when the dissolved oxygen in the activated sludge solution returns to a saturated state, injecting a set amount of water to be tested into the activated sludge solution to form a mixed solution, and adding the degradable organic substrate with the same amount as that in the calibration procedure into the mixed solution to obtain the change of the dissolved oxygen in at least one period of the mixed solution along with time; and an analysis procedure, wherein the inhibition rate of the toxic substances in the water body to be tested on the activated sludge solution is obtained according to the change of the dissolved oxygen of the activated sludge solution and the mixed solution in at least one period along with time.
According to the method for detecting water toxicity provided by the other aspect of the invention, the detection device for detecting water toxicity is used for detection, so that the method has the beneficial effects of the detection device compared with the prior art, and the details are not repeated herein.
In addition, in the method for detecting toxicity of water provided by the present invention, optionally, the calculation formula of the inhibition rate is: IR (%). 100% × (k)0-k1)/k0Or IR (%). about.100 × (H)0-H1))/H0Or IR (%). about.100 × (A)0-A1)/A0Wherein IR is the inhibition ratio, k0Is the initial slope of the calibration curve, H0Is the distance from the trough of the calibration curve to the calibration base line, A0Is the area, k, enclosed by the calibration curve and the calibration baseline1Is the initial slope of the test curve, H1Is the distance from the trough of the test curve to the test baseline, A1And the area enclosed by the test curve and the test base line is shown. Therefore, the inhibition rate of the toxic substances in the water body to be tested on the activated sludge solution can be calculated more conveniently and effectively, and the precision and the stability of the detection result are improved. According to the invention, the detection device and the detection method for the water toxicity can be provided, wherein the detection precision of the toxicity can be effectively improved, and the detection stability of the toxicity can be ensured.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which form a part of the present invention, are provided to further explain the present invention, and the drawings are schematic drawings, and the ratio of the dimensions of the components to each other, the shapes of the components, and the like may be different from the actual ones. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for detecting toxicity in a water body according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a method for detecting toxicity in a water body according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a graph showing the results of the detection of toxicity in water according to example 1 in the embodiment of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1-a reaction container, 2-an oxygen supply device, 3-a dissolved oxygen tester, 4-a carbon source feeding device, 5-a controller, 6-a first sample injection mechanism, 7-a second sample injection mechanism, 8-a filter, 9-a display, 10-a stirrer, 11-a temperature measuring instrument, 12-a pH detector, 13-a waste material barrel, 14-an electric valve, 15-a carbon source storage barrel, 16-a fan, 17-a mobile terminal and 18-an aerobic pool.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other without conflict, and the exemplary embodiments and descriptions thereof of the present invention are provided for explaining the present invention and do not constitute an unlimited part of the present invention.
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with embodiments.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a water toxicity detection apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the apparatus for detecting toxicity in water according to the present embodiment may include: the reactor comprises a reaction vessel 1, an oxygen supply device 2 communicated with the reaction vessel 1, a dissolved oxygen tester 3 installed on the reaction vessel 1, a carbon source feeding device 4 communicated with the reaction vessel 1, and a controller 5, wherein the controller 5 is respectively in communication connection with the oxygen supply device 2, the dissolved oxygen tester 3 and the carbon source feeding device 4. Wherein the reaction container 1 is filled with activated sludge solution or mixed liquid of the activated sludge solution and a water body to be tested, the oxygen supply device 2 is suitable for oxygenating the activated sludge solution or the mixed liquid at a set oxygenation rate, the dissolved oxygen determinator 3 is suitable for continuously detecting the content of dissolved oxygen in the activated sludge solution or the mixed liquid, the carbon source feeding device 4 is suitable for adding oxygen into the activated sludge solution or the mixed liquid when the dissolved oxygen in the activated sludge solution or the mixed liquid reaches a saturated state, injecting equivalent degradable organic substrate into the activated sludge solution or the mixed solution, wherein the controller 5 is suitable for drawing a calibration curve in at least one period according to the change relation of the content of dissolved oxygen in the activated sludge solution along with time, or drawing a test curve in at least one period according to the change relation of the content of the dissolved oxygen in the mixed liquid along with time, and then calculating the inhibition rate of the toxic substances in the water body to be tested on the activated sludge solution according to the calibration curve and the test curve.
In the embodiment, on the principle that the inhibition effect of the toxic substances in the water body on the activity of bacteria in the activated sludge solution influences the utilization of the bacteria on the organic substrate to finally cause the change of dissolved oxygen, the oxygen supply device is used for respectively oxygenating the activated sludge solution or the mixed solution of the activated sludge solution and the water body to be tested in the reaction container, the carbon source adding device is used for adding the easily degradable organic substrate, the bacteria in the activated sludge solution can utilize the easily degradable organic substrate as a respiratory substrate, oxygen is used as a final electron acceptor for carrying out aerobic respiration, when the respiration is greater than the oxygenation rate of the oxygen supply device, the dissolved oxygen in the activated sludge solution or the mixed solution is reduced, when the respiration is less than the oxygenation rate, the dissolved oxygen is gradually increased back, the dissolved oxygen is finally saturated again, and a calibration curve in the activated sludge solution and a test curve in the mixed solution are collected by the controller, and calculating the inhibition rate of toxic substances in the water body to be tested on the activated sludge solution so as to judge the existence, the content and the like of the toxic substances in the water body.
As described above, the detection apparatus for water toxicity according to the present embodiment has a simple equipment structure, is easy to maintain, and is simple in acquisition method by directly using the activated sludge solution in the sewage treatment facility as a calibration object, so that the detection apparatus has a low test cost, and is beneficial to industrial popularization; in addition, through the comparison and analysis of the periodic calibration curve and the test curve, the accuracy, the stability and the like of the water toxicity detection can be improved, the reliability of the test result is improved, and reliable reference information, data support and the like can be provided for the operation of a sewage plant and the like.
In addition, the device for detecting water toxicity according to the embodiment can regularly and quantitatively obtain the water to be detected in the sewage treatment facility to determine the water toxicity at a specific moment, and can also continuously obtain the water to be detected in the sewage treatment facility to perform real-time online monitoring on the water toxicity in the sewage treatment facility, so that the accuracy of a detection result is improved, and meanwhile, relevant data results can be provided for real-time early warning and the like when the sewage treatment facility is polluted, so that a pollution source and the like of the sewage treatment facility can be discovered in time, effective control can be performed in time, pollution aggravation can be prevented, for example, toxicity early warning can be performed on a water inlet source of the sewage treatment system, so that countermeasures can be taken in advance, and the problem that the whole sewage treatment system is crashed and is difficult to recover due to the water inlet.
In addition, in the present embodiment, the easily degradable organic substrate may be an acetic acid solution. Thus, the use of the easily degradable organic substrate can be utilized more easily by bacteria in the activated sludge solution, and the reaction sensitivity of the test can be improved.
In the present embodiment, the structure of the reaction vessel 1 is not particularly limited. In some examples, the bottom of the reaction vessel 1 may be an inclined structure, such as an inclination from one sidewall to another sidewall of the reaction vessel 1, or the like. In other examples, as shown in fig. 1, the bottom of the reaction vessel 1 may be inclined from the periphery of the sidewall toward the center of the bottom, for example, in a conical structure. Under this condition, set up reaction vessel's bottom to the tilt state, can do benefit to the discharge etc. of later stage abandonment mud or waste liquid more conveniently to improve the discharge efficiency and the discharge thoroughness of abandonment mud or waste liquid.
In addition, in the present embodiment, the reaction container 1 may contain an activated sludge solution or a mixed solution of the activated sludge solution and the water to be tested, which means that during the calibration process, only the activated sludge solution is contained in the reaction container 1 to obtain the calibration curve, and during the test process, the mixed solution of the activated sludge solution and the water to be tested is contained in the reaction container 1 to obtain the test curve. Therefore, the reaction container can be used for calibration and test processes respectively, and the practicability of the reaction container is improved.
In the present embodiment, the type of the oxygen supply apparatus 2 is not particularly limited. In some examples, the oxygen supply apparatus 2 may be an aeration head disposed within the reaction vessel 1 below the level of the activated sludge solution or mixed liquor and in communication with the blower 16. Therefore, the external air is input to the aeration head through the fan, and the activated sludge solution or the mixed solution can be stably oxygenated, so that the sufficient oxygenation speed is ensured.
In addition, in the present embodiment, the carbon source feeding device 4 may be a peristaltic pump, wherein one end of the peristaltic pump may be communicated with the reaction vessel 1, and the other end may be communicated with the carbon source storage barrel 15. Thus, a carbon source, such as a degradable organic substrate, in a carbon source storage tank can be fed into the reaction vessel via a peristaltic pump to provide a substrate for respiration to bacteria, such as heterotrophic bacteria, in the activated sludge solution.
In addition, in the present embodiment, the controller 5 may be communicatively connected to the dissolved oxygen meter 3 to detect a change curve of dissolved oxygen in the collected activated sludge solution or the mixed solution with time in real time. In some examples, the controller 5 may also be in communication with the oxygen supply apparatus 2 to control the turning on or off of the oxygen supply apparatus 2, the adjustment of the oxygenation rate, and the like. In other examples, the controller 5 may also be communicatively connected to the carbon source delivery device 4 to control the carbon source delivery device 4 to be turned on or off, to adjust the carbon source delivery rate, and the like. From this, can realize its regulating action to a plurality of subassembly structures through the controller to realize comprehensive automation mechanized operation, avoid the emergence of the condition such as artificial operation error leads to measuring accuracy to reduce.
Further, in the present embodiment, the controller 5 may control the frequency of the calibration process and the test process. In some examples, after performing the calibration process once to obtain the calibration curve within one period, the test process may be performed, and the test process may be continuously tested multiple times, for example, 3 times, etc., to obtain the test curve within multiple periods, for example, 3 periods. In other examples, the calibration process may be performed a plurality of times, and the test process may be performed once or a plurality of times. Here, since the difference between the respiration rate of the activated sludge solution and the oxygenation rate of the apparatus tends to dynamically change with the change in respiration of bacteria in the activated sludge solution, and the change in dissolved oxygen in the solution tends to have a V-shaped curve with time, the term "one cycle" means a V-shaped dissolved oxygen curve, that is, a curve from the initial state in which dissolved oxygen in the solution is saturated to the final state in which dissolved oxygen in the solution is again saturated. Therefore, different calibration and test frequencies can be set according to the requirements of actual conditions so as to meet the requirements of different application scenes and improve the stability, accuracy and the like of the test.
In this embodiment, the device for detecting toxicity in water may further include a first sample injection mechanism 6, wherein the first sample injection mechanism 6 is in communication with the controller 5, and can extract a set amount of activated sludge solution from the sewage treatment facility and inject the activated sludge solution into the reaction container 1 under the control of the controller 5. In some examples, the first sample introduction mechanism 6 may be a first sample introduction pump. In other examples, the activated sludge solution may be drawn from the aerobic tank 18 of the sewage plant. Therefore, the activated sludge solution can be directly obtained from the sewage treatment facility through the first sample injection mechanism, and the obtaining mode is simple, convenient and effective.
In this embodiment, the device for detecting toxicity of water body may further include a second sample injection mechanism 7, wherein the second sample injection mechanism 7 is in communication connection with the controller 5, and can extract a set amount of water body to be tested from the sewage treatment facility and inject the water body into the reaction vessel 1 under the control of the controller 5. In some examples, the second sample injection mechanism 7 may be a second sample injection pump. In other examples, the body of water to be tested may be drawn from sewage/wastewater of a sewage plant. Therefore, the water body to be tested can be directly obtained from the sewage treatment facility through the second sampling mechanism, and the obtaining mode is simple, effective, direct and reliable.
In this embodiment, the device for detecting toxicity of water body may further include a filter 8, an inlet of the filter 8 may be communicated with the sewage treatment facility, and an outlet of the filter 8 may be communicated with the second sample injection mechanism 7. Under this condition, can carry out the filter action to the water that awaits measuring that directly extracts from sewage treatment facility, in rethread second sampling mechanism extracts the reactor after filtering, avoid the emergence of the circumstances such as impurity jam pipeline.
In this embodiment, the device for detecting toxicity of water body may further include a display 9, and the display 9 is in communication connection with the controller 5, and may be in communication connection with the controller 5 to display the calibration curve and the test curve in real time. Therefore, the results of the calibration curve and the test curve can be visually observed through the display, so that the occurrence of conditions such as test abnormity can be conveniently found in time, and the sensitivity of the detection result is improved.
In this embodiment, the device for detecting toxicity in water may further include a stirrer 10, which may be disposed in the reaction container 1 and located below the liquid level of the activated sludge solution or the mixed solution. Here, the term "below the liquid level of the activated sludge solution or the mixed liquid" means that the stirring head of the stirrer 10 is below the liquid level of the activated sludge solution or the mixed liquid, and the control means may be above the liquid level of the activated sludge solution or the mixed liquid. Therefore, through the arrangement of the stirrer, the activated sludge solution or the mixed liquid can be continuously stirred, so that the mixing uniformity of the activated sludge solution or the mixed liquid is improved, and the reliability, the stability and the like of a final test result are improved.
In this embodiment, the device for detecting toxicity in water may further include a temperature measuring instrument 11, which may be disposed in the reaction container 1 and continuously detects the temperature of the activated sludge solution or the mixed solution. In some examples, the device for detecting water toxicity may further include a pH detector 12, which may be disposed in the reaction vessel 1 and continuously detects the pH value of the activated sludge solution or the mixed solution. In other examples, the dissolved oxygen meter 3, the temperature measuring instrument 11, and the pH measuring instrument 12 may be measured by the same measuring instrument or may be measured by different measuring instruments, and displayed by a display of the instrument. Therefore, the temperature measuring instrument and the pH detector can detect the change conditions of the temperature and the pH in the solution in real time, so that the temperature, the pH and the like in the solution can be timely and effectively controlled, and the accuracy, the reliability and the like of a toxicity test result can be further ensured.
In the present embodiment, the apparatus for detecting water toxicity may further include a waste bin 13, which may be connected to the bottom of the reaction vessel 1 and is adapted to collect waste, such as waste sludge, in the reaction vessel 1. In some examples, a waste bin 13 may also be connected to the top of the reaction vessel 1, adapted to collect waste, such as waste sewage or the like, in the reaction vessel 1. In other examples, an electric valve 14 may be further provided between the waste bin 13 and the reaction vessel 1. From this, can in time collect the waste sludge or the waste sewage after can effectively conveniently reacting more to carry out operations such as subsequent mud or waste water treatment, for example, when test activated sludge loses the activity completely, through opening of motorised valve, can discharge mud in order to change new mud voluntarily.
In the present embodiment, when an abnormality occurs in the calibration curve displayed on the display 9, an operation of replacing the activated sludge is performed. Namely, after the degradable organic substrate is injected into the activated sludge solution, the change of the dissolved oxygen curve (calibration curve) is very small, which shows that most of the microbial activity of the activated sludge is inhibited by the water body of the previous round of test, and at this time, the electric valve 14 is opened to drain the waste sludge and the waste water in the reaction vessel 1 to the waste material barrel 13. And pumping a certain amount of activated sludge solution of the sewage plant again for testing after the sludge is discharged. Therefore, the accuracy and stability of the detection result can be ensured, and the water toxicity detection precision is improved.
In the present embodiment, the controller 5 may be connected to a terminal communication device. In some examples, the controller 5 may be connected to a desktop computer. In other examples, the controller 5 may be connected to a mobile terminal 17, such as a laptop, a cell phone, or an IPAD. Therefore, various control parameters of the controller and the like can be set more intuitively and conveniently through the connection of the terminal communication device, so that the comprehensive automation of the water toxicity detection device is realized, and the detection precision, the stability and the like of the device are further improved.
Fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a method for detecting water toxicity according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Hereinafter, the method for detecting toxicity in a water body according to the present embodiment will be described in detail with reference to fig. 2.
As shown in fig. 1, the method for detecting toxicity of water body according to the present embodiment may include the following steps: step S100, a preparation procedure, namely preparing an activated sludge solution and oxygenating the activated sludge solution according to a set oxygenation rate; step S200, a calibration procedure, namely injecting an easily degradable organic substrate into the activated sludge solution when the dissolved oxygen in the activated sludge solution is in a saturated state, and obtaining a time-dependent change curve of the dissolved oxygen in the activated sludge solution in at least one period and marking the time-dependent change curve as a calibration curve; step S300, a testing procedure, namely when the dissolved oxygen in the activated sludge solution returns to a saturated state, injecting a set amount of water to be tested into the activated sludge solution to form a mixed solution, adding an easily degradable organic substrate with the same amount as that in the calibration procedure into the mixed solution, and obtaining a time-dependent change curve of the dissolved oxygen in the mixed solution in at least one period and marking the curve as a testing curve; and S400, an analysis process, namely comparing the calibration curve with the test curve, and calculating the inhibition rate of the toxic substances in the water body to be tested on the activated sludge solution.
In the embodiment, on the principle that the inhibition effect of the toxic substances in the water body on the activity of bacteria in the activated sludge solution influences the utilization of the bacteria on the organic substrate to finally cause the change of dissolved oxygen, the oxygen supply device is used for respectively oxygenating the activated sludge solution or the mixed solution of the activated sludge solution and the water body to be tested in the reaction container, the carbon source adding device is used for adding the easily degradable organic substrate, the bacteria in the activated sludge solution can utilize the easily degradable organic substrate as a respiratory substrate, oxygen is used as a final electron acceptor for carrying out aerobic respiration, when the respiration is greater than the oxygenation rate of the oxygen supply device, the dissolved oxygen in the activated sludge solution or the mixed solution is reduced, when the respiration is less than the oxygenation rate, the dissolved oxygen is gradually increased back, the dissolved oxygen is finally saturated again, and a calibration curve in the activated sludge solution and a test curve in the mixed solution are collected by the controller, and calculating the inhibition rate of toxic substances in the water body to be tested on the activated sludge solution so as to judge the existence, the content and the like of the toxic substances in the water body.
As described above, the method for detecting water toxicity according to the embodiment has a simple equipment structure and is easy to maintain, and the embodiment directly adopts the pre-detected activated sludge solution in the sewage treatment facility as a calibration object, and the acquisition method is simple, so that the method has low test cost and is beneficial to industrial popularization and the like; in addition, through the comparison and analysis of the periodic calibration curve and the test curve, the accuracy, the stability and the like of the water toxicity detection can be improved, the reliability of the test result is improved, and reliable reference information, data support and the like can be provided for the operation of a sewage plant and the like.
Further, the method for detecting water toxicity according to the embodiment can obtain the water to be tested in the sewage treatment facility at regular time and quantity to determine the water toxicity at a specific moment, can also obtain the water to be tested in the sewage treatment facility continuously to perform real-time online monitoring on the water toxicity in the sewage treatment facility, improves the accuracy of a detection result, and can provide a relevant data result for real-time early warning and the like when the sewage treatment facility is polluted, and discover a pollution source and the like of the sewage treatment facility in time, and effectively control in time to prevent pollution from being aggravated, for example, can perform toxicity early warning on a water inlet source of the sewage treatment system, so that countermeasures can be taken in advance, and the problem that the whole sewage treatment system is collapsed due to water inlet toxicity and is difficult to recover is avoided.
In the present embodiment, the formula for calculating the suppression ratio may be: IR (%). 100% × (k)0-k1)/k0Or IR (%). about.100 × (H)0-H1))/H0Or IR (%). about.100 × (A)0-A1)/A0Wherein IR is the inhibition ratio, k0Is the initial slope of the calibration curve, H0For the distance from the trough of the calibration curve to the calibration base line, A0Is the area, k, enclosed by the calibration curve and the calibration baseline1To test the initial slope of the curve, H1Distance from trough of test curve to test base line, A1The area enclosed by the test curve and the test base line is shown. Wherein, the calibration baseline refers to the corresponding condition in the calibration process, namely when the dissolved oxygen in the activated sludge solution is in a saturated stateA baseline of (c); the test baseline refers to a baseline corresponding to the saturated state of dissolved oxygen in the mixed liquid of the activated sludge solution and the water body to be tested in the test process. Therefore, the inhibition rate of the toxic substances in the water body to be tested on the activated sludge solution can be calculated more conveniently and effectively, and the precision and the stability of the detection result are improved. In order to further illustrate the present invention, the following will describe the method for detecting toxicity of water body and the method for detecting toxicity of water body provided by the present invention in detail with reference to the examples, and fully illustrate the beneficial effects achieved by the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a graph showing the results of the detection of toxicity in water according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Example 1
(1) Extracting 10L of activated sludge solution of a sewage plant, such as mixed solution of an aerobic pool, and stirring until dissolved oxygen is in a saturated state;
(2) after the saturated state lasts for 10-15 min, 15mL of acetic acid solution is injected into the activated sludge solution, wherein the concentration of the acetic acid solution is 10 g/L. Heterotrophic bacteria in the activated sludge solution utilize an acetic acid solution as a respiration substrate and O2As a final electron acceptor, carrying out aerobic respiration, and when the respiration is greater than the oxygenation rate, the dissolved oxygen in the activated sludge solution decreases; when the respiration is smaller than the oxygenation speed, the dissolved oxygen gradually rises back, finally the dissolved oxygen is saturated again, and in the whole process, the change curve of the dissolved oxygen presents a V shape as shown in figure 3, so that three parameters of the obtained curve are as follows: initial slope k019, the trough of the curve is at a distance H from the baseline01.85, the area enclosed by the curve and the base line is A00.1979, which is the calibration curve obtained during calibration;
(3) after the dissolved oxygen is recovered to a saturated state and lasts for 10-15 min, injecting 20mL of water to be tested into the activated sludge solution, if the water to be tested contains toxic and harmful components, inhibiting the activity of bacteria in the activated sludge, wherein the reduction degree of the dissolved oxygen is smaller than the calibration curve, and three parameters of the curve obtained at the moment are as follows: initial slope k112.86, trough to baseline of the curveA distance of H11.22, the area enclosed by the curve and the base line is A10.1944, which is the test curve obtained during the test;
(4) calculating the inhibition rate IR (%) of toxic substances in the water body to be tested to the activated sludge solution to be 100% × (k)0-k1)/k032.3%, or IR (%) × (H) 100% >0-H1))/H034.1%, or IR (%) × (a) 100% ×0-A1)/A0＝1.7％。
From the above results, it is understood that the results of the suppression ratios calculated using the initial slope and the trough value are relatively close to each other, and the results calculated using the area are greatly different. Further, it can be known from theoretical comparison and analysis that the inhibition rate is calculated using the initial slope, and the obtained data result can more sensitively reflect the toxicity of the water body, and therefore, in examples 2 to 11 described later, the inhibition rate is calculated using the calculation formula of the initial slope.
Examples 2 to 6
The same method steps as example 1 are adopted to carry out toxicity detection on water bodies to be tested containing 3,5-DCP (3, 5-dichlorophenol) with different concentrations, and the results of inhibition rate data after calculation and analysis are shown in Table 1:
TABLE 1
Wherein, IR1、IR2And IR3The results of the inhibition rates after repeating the test for 3 times are respectively, and the inhibition rates are calculated by a formula of an initial slope, and the concentration of the 3,5-DCP is the quantitative concentration of the 3,5-DCP in 10L of the activated sludge solution.
Example 7 to example 11
The same procedure as in example 1 was used for copper ion (CuSO) solutions containing different concentrations of copper ions4Copper sulfate) to be testedThe toxicity of the test water body is detected, and the inhibition rate data results after calculation and analysis are shown in table 2:
TABLE 2
Wherein, IR1、IR2And IR3The results of the inhibition ratios obtained after repeating the test for 3 times are respectively obtained, and the inhibition ratios are calculated by an initial slope formula, and the concentration of the copper ions is the mass concentration of the copper ions in the 10L activated sludge solution.
As can be seen from the results in tables 1 and 2, the higher the concentration of 3,5-DCP or copper ions contained in the water to be tested is, i.e., the higher the toxicity of the water to be tested is, the higher the inhibition rate data result obtained by the test is. Therefore, the content of the toxic substances in the water body to be tested can be effectively represented by detecting the inhibition rate of the water body to be tested. And, according to the results of 3 sets of tests (IR) repeated in Table 1 and Table 2, respectively1、IR2And IR3) It can be found that the difference of the test results is small, which indicates that the stability of the test results is good.
Although the present invention has been disclosed above, the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Various changes and modifications may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and these changes and modifications are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A detection device for water toxicity is characterized by comprising:
a reaction vessel (1) for containing a mixed liquor containing an activated sludge solution;
an oxygen supply device (2), wherein the oxygen supply device (2) is communicated with the reaction container (1), and the oxygen supply device (2) is used for oxygenating the mixed liquid;
a dissolved oxygen meter (3), wherein the dissolved oxygen meter (3) is mounted on the reaction vessel (1), and the dissolved oxygen meter (3) is used for detecting the content of dissolved oxygen in the mixed solution;
the carbon source feeding device (4) is communicated with the reaction container (1), and the carbon source feeding device (4) is used for injecting an easily degradable organic substrate into the mixed liquor;
and the controller (5), the controller (5) is respectively in communication connection with the oxygen supply device (2), the dissolved oxygen determinator (3) and the carbon source feeding device (4).
2. The apparatus for detecting toxicity in water body according to claim 1, further comprising: the device comprises a first sample injection mechanism (6), wherein the first sample injection mechanism (6) is in communication connection with a controller (5), and the first sample injection mechanism (6) is used for extracting a set amount of activated sludge solution from a sewage treatment facility and injecting the activated sludge solution into a reaction container (1).
3. The apparatus for detecting toxicity in water body according to claim 2, further comprising: and the second sample injection mechanism (7), the second sample injection mechanism (7) is in communication connection with the controller (5), and the second sample injection mechanism (7) is used for extracting a set amount of water to be tested from the inflow water of the sewage treatment facility and injecting the water into the reaction vessel (1).
4. The apparatus for detecting toxicity in water body according to claim 3, further comprising: the inlet of the filter (8) is communicated with the sewage treatment facility, and the outlet of the filter (8) is communicated with the second sample injection mechanism (7).
5. The apparatus for detecting toxicity in water body according to claim 1, further comprising: the display (9), the display (9) is connected with the controller (5) in a communication mode, and the display (9) is used for displaying the calibration curve and the test curve.
6. The apparatus for detecting toxicity in water body according to claim 1, further comprising: the stirrer (10) is arranged in the reaction container (1) and is positioned below the liquid level of the mixed liquid.
7. The apparatus for detecting toxicity in water body according to claim 1, further comprising: the temperature measuring instrument (11), the temperature measuring instrument (11) is arranged in the reaction container (1), and the temperature measuring instrument (11) is used for detecting the temperature of the mixed liquid;
the pH detector (12) is arranged in the reaction container (1), and the pH detector (12) is used for detecting the pH value of the mixed liquid.
8. The apparatus for detecting toxicity in water body according to claim 2, further comprising: the waste material barrel (13), the waste material barrel (13) with reaction vessel (1) intercommunication, waste material barrel (13) are used for collecting the discarded object in reaction vessel (1).
9. A method for detecting water toxicity is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a preparation step of preparing an activated sludge solution and oxygenating the activated sludge solution at a set oxygenation rate;
a calibration step of injecting an easily degradable organic substrate into the activated sludge solution when dissolved oxygen in the activated sludge solution is in a saturated state, thereby obtaining the change of the dissolved oxygen in the activated sludge solution with time in at least one period;
a testing procedure, when the dissolved oxygen in the activated sludge solution returns to a saturated state, injecting a set amount of water to be tested into the activated sludge solution to form a mixed solution, and adding the degradable organic substrate with the same amount as that in the calibration procedure into the mixed solution to obtain the change of the dissolved oxygen in at least one period of the mixed solution along with time;
and an analysis procedure, wherein the inhibition rate of the toxic substances in the water body to be tested on the activated sludge solution is obtained according to the change of the dissolved oxygen of the activated sludge solution and the mixed solution in at least one period along with time.
10. The method for detecting the toxicity of the water body according to claim 9, wherein the calculation formula of the inhibition rate is as follows: IR (%). 100% × (k)0-k1)/k0Or IR (%). about.100 × (H)0-H1))/H0Or IR (%). about.100 × (A)0-A1)/A0Wherein IR is the inhibition ratio, k0Is the initial slope of the calibration curve, H0Is the distance from the trough of the calibration curve to the calibration base line, A0Is the area, k, enclosed by the calibration curve and the calibration baseline1To test the initial slope of the curve, H1Is the distance from the trough of the test curve to the test baseline, A1And the area enclosed by the test curve and the test base line is shown.
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