CN111157317B - Polymer material ageing test powder preparation facilities and have this powder preparation facilities's ageing test case - Google Patents
Polymer material ageing test powder preparation facilities and have this powder preparation facilities's ageing test case Download PDFInfo
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- CN111157317B CN111157317B CN202010077024.2A CN202010077024A CN111157317B CN 111157317 B CN111157317 B CN 111157317B CN 202010077024 A CN202010077024 A CN 202010077024A CN 111157317 B CN111157317 B CN 111157317B
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- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 108
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 85
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 94
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000004643 material aging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 13
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- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 11
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 4
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- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 235000013405 beer Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000012206 bottled water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/286—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q involving mechanical work, e.g. chopping, disintegrating, compacting, homogenising
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B19/00—Single-purpose machines or devices for particular grinding operations not covered by any other main group
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B41/00—Component parts such as frames, beds, carriages, headstocks
- B24B41/04—Headstocks; Working-spindles; Features relating thereto
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B41/00—Component parts such as frames, beds, carriages, headstocks
- B24B41/06—Work supports, e.g. adjustable steadies
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B55/00—Safety devices for grinding or polishing machines; Accessories fitted to grinding or polishing machines for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition
- B24B55/12—Devices for exhausting mist of oil or coolant; Devices for collecting or recovering materials resulting from grinding or polishing, e.g. of precious metals, precious stones, diamonds or the like
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N17/00—Investigating resistance of materials to the weather, to corrosion, or to light
- G01N17/002—Test chambers
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high polymer material aging test powder preparation device and an aging test box with the same, which can continuously prepare high polymer material powder by a grinding mode, thereby truly simulating the aging and decomposition processes of the high polymer material powder in natural environment. The powder preparation device comprises: a powder preparation unit and a driving unit; the powder preparation unit includes: grinding wheel, material guide sleeve and constant pressure mechanism; the grinding wheel is connected to the power output end of the driving unit, and is driven to rotate by the driving unit; the material guide sleeve is fixedly arranged on the bracket, and an opening at one end of the material guide sleeve is positioned right above the grinding wheel; a high polymer material sample is placed in the material guide sleeve; the constant pressure mechanism is used for providing constant pressure for the high polymer material sample in the material guide sleeve, so that the high polymer material sample extends out of the material guide sleeve to be in constant pressure contact with the grinding wheel; when the grinding wheel rotates, the high polymer material sample is ground, and high polymer material powder is prepared.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a powder preparation device, in particular to a high polymer material test powder preparation device.
Background
The high molecular materials are various and huge in quantity, and can generate complex and various chemical substances through ageing and degradation processes, and the products enter the ecological cycle to influence the environment, especially the micro-plastics are already existing in the aspects of the mountain and the river of the lake and the sea and the living of people.
The polymer material is difficult to degrade completely, white pollution is caused by improper treatment, and complex physical changes and chemical reactions can occur in the environment. Under the action of mechanical acting force, sunlight irradiation, abrasion and the like, the macromolecule is decomposed into fragments with small size, namely micro-plastics, after long-time exposure and accumulation; meanwhile, a matrix polymer chain segment in the material can be broken to generate micromolecular chemical substances under the action of light, oxygen and the like, and the added organic micromolecular additive can also generate reactions such as oxidation, decomposition and the like.
Microplastic (usually fibers, fragments or particles with the diameter or the length of less than 5 mm) generated by physical change decomposition or shedding of a polymer material exists in our life, and its figure is found in german beer, french honey, chinese salt and bottled drinking water in the global scope, and is widely distributed in the atmosphere, soil and water, and has invaded south-pole sea areas and north-ocean. Because of the special properties of larger specific surface area, more pollutant adsorption, easier organism entry and the like, the water body environment is more harmful than the large plastic. However, at present, the concentration, the type, the distribution and other data of the microplastic in the water body of China are very lacking, the related basic research is less, the monitoring, the management and the control of the microplastic are not facilitated, and at present, no standardized detection technology and related management measures exist.
The products of the chemical reaction of the high molecular materials are mostly small organic molecules such as alcohols, aldehydes, acids, esters, ketones, phenols and the like. The influence of the organic pollutants related to the polymer with complex types and huge amounts on the environment is not clear, and researches and reports are made. Therefore, the identification and traceability research on the organic pollutants related to the polymer is the basis for carrying out environmental safety evaluation and related toxicological research, and can guide the direction for future environmental monitoring.
However, the influence of the compound on the environment and the related basic research are insufficient. Aiming at the identification and traceability research of the polymer related organic pollutants, the species content of the polymer related pollutants is analyzed, and effective samples are required to be collected in the natural environment when the component traceability is carried out. However, the collection difficulty of the sample is very high, for example, the effective sample is difficult to obtain when the water sample is collected from the water body and the substances in the water sample are separated and enriched, the efficiency is low, the cost is high, the representativeness and the diversity of the enriched sample are limited, the detailed information of complex physical changes and chemical reactions in the environment can not be obtained, and the targeted research is not facilitated. The common research method is to utilize an aging test box to simulate the aging degradation, the use process and the exposure environment of the high polymer material and accelerate the aging and the decomposition of the high polymer material.
The defects of the current research are as follows:
from the experimental research point of view, the aging and decomposition of the polymer material particles in the aging test box are more similar to those in the natural environment. The preparation of the polymer material powder generally adopts a ball milling method, and the currently used ball milling machine can be divided into a common ball milling machine and a high-energy ball milling machine, and the high-energy ball milling machine is generally used for preparing the polymer material powder. The commonly used high-energy ball mill is divided into three types of stirring type, planetary type and vibration type. For any high energy ball mill, the degree of refinement of the particles is largely dependent on the impact energy obtained by the grinding ball and the material. The higher collision energy will make the probability of crushing the material particles under the impact of the grinding balls larger, so that the refinement degree of the material particles is higher. The high-energy ball mill can generate rotation or vibration when in operation, and the hard balls impact the raw materials strongly, and relatively large power is required, so that the equipment with the working principle cannot be applied to an aging box. Even if the high-energy ball mill is used for preparing the high-polymer material powder outside, and then the high-polymer material particles are aged and decomposed in the aging test box, detailed dynamic information of complicated physical changes and chemical reactions generated in the aging degradation, the use process and the exposure environment of the high-polymer material cannot be obtained, and the aging and decomposition process of the high-polymer material powder in the natural environment cannot be truly simulated.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a device for preparing polymer material aging test powder, which can continuously prepare polymer material powder by grinding, and is favorable for dynamically researching the degradation and fracture mechanism of a polymer chain segment, thereby truly simulating the aging and decomposition process of the polymer material powder in natural environment.
The preparation device of the polymer material aging test powder comprises: a powder preparation unit and a driving unit;
the powder preparation unit is used for preparing high polymer material powder for an aging test by grinding a high polymer material sample; comprising the following steps: grinding wheel, material guide sleeve and constant pressure mechanism; the grinding wheel is connected to the power output end of the driving unit, and is driven to rotate by the driving unit;
the material guide sleeve is fixedly arranged on the bracket, and an opening at one end of the material guide sleeve is positioned right above the grinding wheel; a high polymer material sample is placed in the material guide sleeve; the constant pressure mechanism is used for providing constant pressure for the high polymer material sample in the material guide sleeve, so that the high polymer material sample extends out of the material guide sleeve to be in constant pressure contact with the grinding wheel; and when the grinding wheel rotates under the drive of the driving unit, grinding the high polymer material sample to prepare high polymer material powder for an aging test.
The constant pressure mechanism includes: a push rod and a weight; one end of the push rod extends into the material guide sleeve to be in contact with the high polymer material sample, and the other end extends out of the material guide sleeve; one end of the push rod, which extends out of the material guide sleeve, is provided with a tray for placing weights, and constant pressure is provided for the high polymer material sample through the weights; the gravity of the weight (1) pushes the push rod (2) to move downwards, so that the high polymer material sample (5) is pushed by the push rod (2) to move downwards to extend out of the material guide sleeve to be in contact with the grinding wheel (6), namely, the positive pressure applied to the high polymer material sample (5) is the sum of the gravity of the push rod (2) and the gravity of the weight (1); in the preparation process, the high polymer material sample (5) is kept to be continuously and vertically fed through the weight (1), the push rod (2) and the material guide sleeve.
As a preferred mode of the present invention: the high polymer material sample is cylindrical.
As a preferred mode of the present invention: the driving unit is as follows: and the motor is provided with a speed reducer, and an output shaft of the speed reducer is connected with the grinding wheel to transmit the power of the motor to the grinding wheel.
As a preferred mode of the present invention: a glass collecting water tank filled with water and used for collecting the prepared polymer material powder is arranged below the grinding wheel; and the polymer material powder is aged and decomposed in the glass collecting water tank, and meanwhile, the water-soluble aging products after the aging and decomposition of the polymer material powder are collected through the glass collecting water tank.
As a preferred mode of the present invention: the device also comprises a particulate matter collecting cover; the particle collection cover forms a semi-surrounding shape from top to bottom on the grinding wheel and is used for guiding the prepared high polymer material powder to fall into the glass collection water tank along the vertical direction.
As a preferred mode of the present invention: the motor control device also comprises a controller and a travel switch, wherein the controller is used for controlling the start and stop of the motor and controlling the rotating speed of the motor; the travel switch is electrically connected with the controller;
and when the lower surface of the tray of the push rod contacts the travel switch, the travel switch sends a in-place signal to the controller, and the controller controls the motor to be turned off.
As a preferred mode of the present invention: the pressure provided for the constant pressure mechanism is changed by adjusting the weight of the weight so as to change the particle size of the prepared polymer material powder.
The invention further provides an aging test box with the powder preparation device, which comprises an aging test box body, the powder preparation device and a solar panel, wherein the powder preparation device and the solar panel are arranged in the aging test box body;
the powder preparation device is the high polymer material aging test powder preparation device;
and the solar panel absorbs the light energy in the aging test box to generate electricity and supplies power for electronic components in the powder preparation device.
The beneficial effects are that:
(1) The device can lead the high polymer material to form fragments with small size by providing external friction force, which is far higher than the speed of breaking down the high polymer material into fragments in a natural state, thereby facilitating the research; and the polymer material powder with the particle size continuously distributed from the micron level to the millimeter level can be continuously prepared, which is favorable for dynamically researching the degradation and fracture mechanism of the polymer chain segment, thereby truly simulating the aging and decomposition process of the polymer material powder in the natural environment.
(2) The powder preparation unit is a constant pressure friction mechanism, the grinding tangential force of the grinding wheel continuously changes in the circumferential direction of the friction contact surface, and the particle size of sample powder particles obtained in the grinding process also continuously changes; and the friction pressure can be conveniently changed by adjusting the weight of the weight according to different polymer material samples, so that the ideal particle size of the sample powder particles is obtained. In addition, the purpose of changing the rotation speed of the grinding wheel can be achieved by changing a speed reducer matched with the motor, and the grinding force is changed to obtain the ideal particle size of the sample powder particles.
(3) The device has no vibration and low power, and can be placed in a conventional aging test box, and polymer material powder with the particle size continuously distributed from micron level to millimeter level is continuously prepared in the aging test box.
(4) By placing the solar panel in the burn-in chamber, the device is powered by the solar panel absorbing the light source in the burn-in chamber, and no modification to the burn-in chamber is required.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a sectional view of the powder producing apparatus;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a state of complete contact friction between a high polymer material sample and a grinding wheel;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a full contact static analysis at rest;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a force analysis at any point of a friction interface;
fig. 5 is a schematic view of the device in use.
Wherein: 1-weight, 2-push rod, 3-material guide sleeve I, 4-material guide sleeve II, 5-polymer material sample, 6-grinding wheel, 7-particle collecting cover I, 8-particle collecting cover II, 9-glass collecting water tank and 10-bracket
Detailed Description
The invention will now be described in detail by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1:
the embodiment provides a macromolecular material ageing test powder preparation facilities, through the mode of grinding constantly prepares macromolecular material powder, and can adjust the running mode of powder preparation unit to different macromolecular materials.
As shown in fig. 1, the powder preparation apparatus includes: a powder preparation unit, a driving unit and a control unit.
Wherein the powder preparation unit prepares the polymer material powder through a mechanical friction mode, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: the grinding wheel 6, the material guide sleeve, the push rod 2 and the weight 1; the driving unit is a motor provided with a speed reducer; the control unit comprises a controller and a travel switch.
The whole connection relation is as follows: the power output end of the motor with the speed reducer is a speed reducer output shaft, the speed reducer output shaft is provided with a D-shaped output end, and the D-shaped output end is connected with a D-shaped shaft hole of the grinding wheel 6, so that the power of the motor is transmitted to the grinding wheel to drive the grinding wheel 6 to rotate.
The bracket 10 is used for installing a material guide sleeve, an installation hole for installing the material guide sleeve is processed on the upper surface of the bracket 10, and for facilitating processing and improving the processing precision of parts, the material guide sleeve comprises a material guide sleeve I3 and a material guide sleeve II 4 which are coaxially connected; wherein material uide bushing one 3 and material uide bushing two 4 are the tubular structure that one end was provided with the shaft shoulder, and its mounting means is: the shaft shoulder of the first material guide sleeve 3 is abutted with the shaft shoulder of the second material guide sleeve 4 and then fixed on the upper surface of the bracket 10 through screws, wherein the other end of the first material guide sleeve 3 extends upwards, and the other end of the second material guide sleeve 4 extends downwards to pass through the mounting hole and then is positioned right above the grinding wheel 6.
The travel switch is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the bracket 10, and the contact point of the travel switch is upward.
When the device works, a cylindrical high polymer material sample 5 is placed in a material guide sleeve, the bottom of a push rod 2 stretches into the material guide sleeve to be in contact with the high polymer material sample 5, and the top stretches out of the material guide sleeve; the top of the push rod 2 is provided with a disc for placing the weight 1, the push rod 2 is pushed to move downwards by the gravity of the weight 1, and then the high polymer material sample 5 is pushed to move downwards by the push rod 2 to extend out of the material guide sleeve to be in contact with the grinding wheel 6, as shown in fig. 3. At first, the contact of the travel switch is spaced from the lower surface of the disk of the weight 1 placed on the push rod 2 by a set distance S, and the distance S is the length of the cylindrical high polymer material sample 5 positioned in the material guide sleeve, so that when the high polymer material sample 5 is completely ground and consumed, the disk at the top of the push rod 2 is contacted with the travel switch.
A glass collecting tank 9 for collecting the prepared polymer powder is provided below the grinding wheel 6. In order to guide the prepared high polymer material powder to fall into a glass collecting water tank 9 filled with water along the vertical direction, a particle collecting cover is covered on the grinding wheel 6, as shown in fig. 5, a particle collecting cover I7 and a particle collecting cover II 8 are fixedly arranged on a bracket 10, the particle collecting cover I7 and the particle collecting cover II 8 are butted to form a cover body with a semicircular cross section, the cover body is covered outside the contact part of the grinding wheel 6 and the high polymer material sample 5, and a semi-surrounding shape is formed from top to bottom for the grinding wheel 6.
The controller is used for controlling the start and stop of the motor and the rotating speed; the travel switch is electrically connected with the controller, and when the lower surface of the disc of the push rod 2 contacts the travel switch, the travel switch sends a signal to the controller in place, and the controller cuts off the power supply of the motor.
The powder preparation device continuously prepares high-split material powder by means of constant pressure friction, as shown in figure 1, positive pressure N is gravity G of the push rod 2 1 And the gravity G of the weight 1 2 When grinding is not started initially, the polymer material sample 5 moves down to extend the material guide sleeve to contact with the grinding wheel 6 (at this time, the length of the polymer material sample 5 extending out of the material guide sleeve is delta). When the grinding wheel 6 rotates at the angular velocity ω, the grinding of the grinding wheel 6 and the polymer material sample 5 starts, and the grinding of the cylindrical polymer material sample 5 and the grinding wheel 6 forms a intersecting plane with each other along with the vertical feeding of the polymer material sample 5 and the grinding action of the grinding wheel 6 until the friction state is shown in fig. 2. As shown in FIG. 3, if the mechanism is stationary, the polymer material sample 5 is subjected to positive pressure N and branchesReaction force R N Is effective in (1). When the grinding wheel 6 rotates to start the grinding work, the force applied to any point of the frictional contact surface on the section perpendicular to the rotation axis of the grinding wheel 6 is as shown in FIG. 4, the grinding force is a physical phenomenon generated by contact between the grinding edge of the grinding wheel 6 and the grinding material when the grinding wheel 6 grinds a workpiece, and similarly to the cutting process, there is a three-way force in the grinding process, namely, the grinding force F in the radial direction of the grinding wheel r Tangential force F of grinding wheel t And a component force F in the longitudinal (axial) direction a Due to F a The influence on the grinding process is small, usually negligible. The grinding force is proportional to the workpiece feed speed and inversely proportional to the wheel speed.
The mechanical friction mechanism is a constant pressure friction mechanism, and the grinding tangential force F of the grinding wheel at any point t In direct proportion to the positive pressure n cos theta at that point,n is the component of the positive pressure N at this point. Thus, the grinding tangential force F of the grinding wheel 6 t The particle size of the sample powder obtained in the grinding process also continuously changes in the circumferential direction of the friction contact surface.
Aiming at different polymer material samples, the weight G of the weight is adjusted 1 The friction pressure N is changed, and the ideal particle size of the sample powder particles is obtained.
The method for preparing the polymer material powder by adopting the device comprises the following steps:
when the device works, a cylindrical high polymer material sample 5 is placed in a material guide sleeve, then a push rod 2 is penetrated into the material guide sleeve, and constant pressure is provided as friction force by a weight 1 placed on a disc of the push rod 2. Starting a motor through a controller, driving a grinding wheel 6 to rotate by the motor provided with a speed reducer, generating friction motion with a cylindrical high polymer material sample 5 perpendicular to an output shaft of the speed reducer, enabling the grinding wheel 6 to grind the high polymer material sample 5, and preparing high polymer material powder; and the high polymer material sample 5 is kept to be continuously and vertically fed through the weight 1, the push rod 2 and the material guide sleeve. The first particle collecting cover 7 and the second particle collecting cover 8 which are symmetrical to the first particle collecting cover in structure guide the prepared high polymer material powder to fall into the glass collecting water tank 9 filled with water along the vertical direction, so that the high polymer material powder is collected, and meanwhile, the glass collecting water tank 9 is also used for collecting water-soluble aging products. The height of the push rod 2 is continuously lowered along with the grinding consumption of the material sample 5, and the power supply is cut off when the lower surface of the disc of the push rod 2 contacts with the travel switch.
The controller can also adjust the operation mode of the powder preparation device according to different high polymer materials, such as intermittent operation or continuous operation, and simulate the aging degradation, the use process and the exposure environment of the high polymer materials; in addition, the purpose of changing the rotating speed of the grinding wheel 6 can be achieved by changing a speed reducer matched with the motor, and the grinding force is changed to obtain the ideal particle size of the sample powder particles.
The aging and decomposition process of the high polymer material in the natural environment can be better simulated by combining the means.
Example 2:
on the basis of the above example 1, since the apparatus is a microminiature test apparatus, vibration is not generated and power is small, the apparatus can be placed in a conventional aging test chamber, and polymer material powder is prepared in the aging test chamber while aging and decomposition of the polymer material powder are performed.
In order to realize self-power supply of the device, a solar panel for supplying power to electronic components in the device such as a motor is arranged in the aging test box, and the solar panel is used for absorbing light energy in the aging test box to supply power to the device, so that the aging test box does not need to be changed. The solar panel is connected with the controller, and the controller is internally provided with a corresponding power manager, and when the controller detects that the electric energy provided by the solar panel reaches the set requirement during use, the motor is started.
In summary, the above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a macromolecular material ageing test powder preparation facilities which characterized in that includes: a powder preparation unit and a driving unit;
the powder preparation unit is used for preparing polymer material powder for an aging test by grinding a polymer material sample (5); comprising the following steps: the grinding wheel (6), a material guide sleeve and a constant pressure mechanism; the grinding wheel (6) is connected to the power output end of the driving unit, and the driving unit drives the grinding wheel (6) to rotate;
the material guide sleeve is fixedly arranged on the bracket (10), and an opening at one end of the material guide sleeve is positioned right above the grinding wheel (6); a high polymer material sample (5) is placed in the material guide sleeve; the constant pressure mechanism is used for providing constant pressure for the high polymer material sample (5) in the material guide sleeve, so that the high polymer material sample (5) extends out of the material guide sleeve and is in constant pressure contact with the grinding wheel (6); when the grinding wheel (6) rotates under the drive of the driving unit, grinding the high polymer material sample (5) to prepare high polymer material powder for an aging test;
the constant pressure mechanism includes: a push rod (2) and a weight (1); one end of the push rod (2) extends into the material guide sleeve to be in contact with the high polymer material sample (5), and the other end extends out of the material guide sleeve; one end of the push rod (2) extending out of the material guide sleeve is provided with a tray for placing weights (1), and constant pressure is provided for the high polymer material sample (5) through the weights (1);
the gravity of the weight (1) pushes the push rod (2) to move downwards, so that the high polymer material sample (5) is pushed by the push rod (2) to move downwards to extend out of the material guide sleeve to be in contact with the grinding wheel (6), namely, the positive pressure applied to the high polymer material sample (5) is the sum of the gravity of the push rod (2) and the gravity of the weight (1); in the preparation process, the weight (1), the push rod (2) and the material guide sleeve are used for keeping the high polymer material sample (5) continuously and vertically feeding, the grinding wheel (6) and the high polymer material sample (5) start to grind, and along with the vertical feeding of the high polymer material sample (5) and the grinding action of the grinding wheel (6), the grinding is carried out until the grinding is carried out in a intersecting plane formed by the cylindrical high polymer material sample (5) and the cylinder of the grinding wheel (6); at the moment, the grinding tangential force of the grinding wheel at any point of the high polymer material sample (5) continuously changes in the circumferential direction of the friction contact surface, and the particle size of sample powder particles obtained in the grinding process also continuously changes; the pressure provided for the constant pressure mechanism is changed by adjusting the weight of the weight (1) so as to change the particle size of the prepared polymer material powder;
a glass collecting water tank (9) filled with water for collecting the prepared polymer material powder is arranged below the grinding wheel (6); the high polymer material powder is aged and decomposed in the glass collecting water tank (9), and meanwhile, water-soluble aging products after the high polymer material powder is aged and decomposed are collected through the glass collecting water tank (9);
the motor control device also comprises a controller and a travel switch, wherein the controller is used for controlling the start and stop of the motor and controlling the rotating speed of the motor; the travel switch is electrically connected with the controller;
initially, a contact of the travel switch is spaced from the lower surface of the tray of the push rod (2) by a set distance, wherein the distance is the length of the cylindrical high polymer material sample (5) positioned in the material guide sleeve; when the lower surface of the tray of the push rod (2) is contacted with the travel switch, the travel switch sends an in-place signal to the controller, and the controller controls the motor to be turned off.
2. The apparatus for producing a polymer material aging test powder according to claim 1, wherein: the high polymer material sample (5) is cylindrical.
3. The apparatus for producing a polymer material aging test powder according to claim 1, wherein: the driving unit is as follows: and a motor with a speed reducer, wherein an output shaft of the speed reducer is connected with the grinding wheel (6) and transmits the power of the motor to the grinding wheel (6).
4. The apparatus for producing a polymer material aging test powder according to claim 1, wherein: the device also comprises a particulate matter collecting cover; the particle collecting cover forms a semi-surrounding shape from top to bottom on the grinding wheel (6) and is used for guiding the prepared high polymer material powder to fall into the glass collecting water tank (9) along the vertical direction.
5. An aging test box with powder preparation facilities, its characterized in that: the device comprises an aging test box body, a powder preparation device and a solar panel, wherein the powder preparation device and the solar panel are arranged in the box body;
the powder preparation device is the polymer material aging test powder preparation device according to any one of claims 1 to 4;
and the solar panel absorbs the light energy in the aging test box to generate electricity and supplies power for electronic components in the powder preparation device.
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| CN111157317A (en) | 2020-05-15 |
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