CN111156511A

CN111156511A - Combustion head and combustor

Info

Publication number: CN111156511A
Application number: CN202010054116.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 卢旺达; 刘勇; 王爱洁; 童敏; 刘欢; 韩鹏
Original assignee: TANGSHAN JIDONG PETROLEUM MACHINERY CO Ltd
Current assignee: TANGSHAN JIDONG PETROLEUM MACHINERY CO Ltd; Petrochina Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-01-17
Filing date: 2020-01-17
Publication date: 2020-05-15

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of heat energy devices, and particularly relates to a combustion head and a combustor. According to the combustion head structure, the swirl disk is arranged at the head part of the air inlet pipe, air rotates at a high speed through the swirl disk, and fuel gas is injected from the fuel gas nozzles on the circumference of the fuel gas pipe at a high speed and is fully mixed with the rotating air; part of air enters the combustion chamber through the vent holes in the combustion barrel to participate in mixing, and then the air entering through the burnout air port and the assistance of a downstream heat accumulator (a fireproof heat accumulation material) are matched to fully combust the gas, so that the aim of shortening the length of flame is achieved. The invention can utilize the combustion environment with narrow space such as a vertical furnace, and the gas can be stably and fully combusted.

Description

Combustion head and combustor

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of heat energy devices, and particularly relates to a combustion head and a combustor.

Background

Under the production condition of an oil field, special requirements are set on narrow areas or spaces of a plurality of well sites and stations, and a vertical furnace with a small volume is adopted. However, the flame of the common gas burner is long, and the common gas burner can burn the wall of the heating furnace when being applied to a vertical furnace, so that the furnace wall is damaged. The combustion head is an important component of the combustor, and the flame after the combustion of the common combustion head is long and insufficient.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problems in the background art, the invention provides a burner head and a burner, which can shorten the burning flame and ensure complete combustion of gas under the condition of not influencing other performances of the burner.

The invention provides a combustion head, which comprises a gas pipe, an air inlet pipe, a combustion cylinder, a cyclone disc and a heat-storage air mixing cover, wherein a blind plate is fixedly arranged at the end part of the gas pipe; the rotational flow disk is fixedly sleeved on the gas pipe and is positioned between the gas spray hole and the ignition spray hole, a plurality of rotational flow air holes are circumferentially arranged on the rotational flow disk, and a rotational flow plate is arranged on each rotational flow air hole; the combustion cylinder is provided with a first opening end and a second opening end, the first opening end is fixed on the cyclone disc, the second opening end is far away from the gas pipe, the combustion cylinder is provided with a plurality of ventilation groups in a circumferential array, and each ventilation group comprises a plurality of ventilation holes distributed along the axial direction of the combustion cylinder; the air-supply line cup joints in the outside of gas pipe, and with the coaxial setting of gas pipe, the wind cover is mixed in the heat accumulation is connected with the air-supply line, a section of thick bamboo that burns is located the air-supply line, and the internal diameter of air-supply line is greater than the external diameter of a section of thick bamboo that burns.

Preferably, the heat storage air mixing cover is connected with the air inlet pipe through a connecting sleeve, the combustion cylinder is positioned in the connecting sleeve, and the inner diameter of the connecting sleeve is larger than the outer diameter of the combustion cylinder.

Furthermore, the combustion cylinder is in a conical structure, the diameter of the first opening end is smaller than that of the second opening end, and the included angle between the generatrix of the combustion cylinder and the axis is 10-15 degrees.

Furthermore, the heat-storage wind mixing cover is of a cylindrical structure and is provided with a square opening end and a round opening end, the round opening end is fixedly connected with one end of the connecting sleeve, the square opening end is provided with a long edge and a short edge, the long edge is connected with the round opening end to form an expanding section, and the short edge is connected with the round opening end to form a reducing section.

Furthermore, the heat accumulation air mixing cover is made of fireproof and heat accumulation materials.

Furthermore, swirl air holes are uniformly distributed on the swirl plate along the circumference, a swirl plate is arranged on one side of each swirl air hole parallel to the axis of the swirl plate, the swirl plate is positioned on one side of the combustion cylinder, and the swirl plate and the plane of each swirl air hole form a angle of 30-35 degrees.

Furthermore, an over-fire air port is formed between the combustion barrel and the connecting sleeve, and the airflow flow areas of the rotational flow air hole, the ventilation hole and the over-fire air port are 3:4: 3.

Furthermore, the ignition device is arranged between the air inlet pipe and the gas pipe, and an ignition head of the ignition device is arranged above the ignition spray hole.

It is a second object of the present invention to provide a burner comprising a burner head as defined in any of the above.

Further, still include fan, air door, proportion adjustment mechanism, gas butterfly valve, servo motor, electric cabinet, the air door rotates to be connected on the air door axle, and first rocking arm is installed to the one end of air door axle, and first rocking arm passes through the connecting rod and is connected with proportion adjustment structure, and proportion adjustment mechanism is connected with the gas butterfly valve, and the gas butterfly valve is connected with the electromagnetism valves, and servo motor is connected with electric cabinet and fan electricity respectively.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) the burner head is provided with the rotational flow disk, the combustion barrel and the heat storage air mixing cover, a proper amount of air is rapidly mixed with gas sprayed out through the gas spray holes after rotating through the rotational flow disk, in addition, part of air enters the combustion chamber through the vent holes in the combustion barrel to participate in mixing, an over-fire air port is formed between the connecting sleeve and the combustion barrel, part of air enters through the over-fire air port, triple air distribution is fully mixed with the gas, the mixing effect is enhanced, and the full combustion of the gas is guaranteed.

(2) The heat-storage air mixing cover is of a cylindrical structure and is provided with a square opening end and a round opening end, the round opening end is fixedly connected with one end of the connecting sleeve, the square opening end is provided with a long edge and a short edge, the long edge is connected with the round opening end to form an expanding section, the short edge is connected with the round opening end to form a reducing section, the structure can shorten the length of flame, unburned mixed gas impacts the reducing section of the heat-storage air mixing cover to generate up-down opposite impact of the gas, mixing is accelerated, and the mixing effect is further improved; in addition, the heat storage air mixing cover is made of materials with fire resistance and strong heat storage capacity, and the burnout effect is better.

(3) An over-fire air port is formed between the combustion cylinder and the connecting sleeve, the airflow circulation area of the rotational flow air hole, the air vent and the over-fire air port is 3:4:3, so that gas can be guaranteed to be over-fired in the heat storage air mixing cover or near the outlet of the heat storage air mixing cover, the length of flame is further shortened, and the arrangement of the proportion can guarantee that the emission amount of carbon monoxide in combustion exhaust gas is lower than 30 ppm.

(4) The air door of the burner is rotatably connected to the air door shaft, one end of the air door shaft is provided with the rocker arm, the rocker arm is connected with the proportion adjusting structure through the connecting rod, the proportion adjusting mechanism is connected with the gas butterfly valve, the gas butterfly valve is connected with the electromagnetic valve group, and the servo motor is respectively and electrically connected with the electric cabinet and the fan, so that the automatic adjustment of the air door can be realized.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a view showing the external appearance of a burner head according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the burner head of the present invention taken perpendicular to the long side of the square port end;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the burner head of the present invention taken perpendicular to the short side of the square port end;

FIG. 4 is a view of the construction of the spinning disk of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a view of the combustion can configuration of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a flow diagram of gases within a burner head according to the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a first burner block diagram according to the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a second burner block diagram according to the present invention;

wherein, 1-a gas pipe, 101-a blind plate, 102-a gas spray hole, 103-an ignition spray hole, 2-an air inlet pipe, 3-a swirl disk, 301-a swirl plate, 302-a swirl air hole, 4-a combustion cylinder, 401-a first open end, 402-a second open end, 403-an air hole, 404-an after-fire air hole, 5-a heat-storage air mixing cover, 501-a round end, 502-a square end, 5021-a long edge, 5022-a short edge, 503-an expanding section, 504-a reducing section, 6-a connecting sleeve, 6-an ignition device, 8-a fan, 81-a throttle shaft, 9-a first rocker arm, 10-a connecting rod, 11-a second rocker arm, 12-a proportional control mechanism, 13-a crank, 14-gas and 15-an electromagnetic valve set, 16-servo motor, 17-electric cabinet.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1 to 6, the present invention provides a burner head, which comprises a gas pipe 1, an air inlet pipe 2, a combustion cylinder 4, a cyclone disk 3 and a heat-storage air-mixing cover 5, wherein, a blind plate 101 is fixedly arranged at one end part of the gas pipe 1, the blind plate 101 blocks an end opening of the gas pipe 1, so that the gas can not enter the combustion cylinder 4 through the end opening of the gas pipe 1, the gas pipe 1 is in a cylindrical structure, a circle of gas spray holes 102 are uniformly distributed on the gas pipe 1 in the circumferential direction at a position adjacent to the blind plate 101, the gas can be rapidly sprayed out from the gas spray holes 102 and enter the combustion cylinder 4, ignition spray holes 103 for igniting the gas are arranged on the gas pipe 1 at a position adjacent to the gas spray holes 102 and far away from the blind plate 101, the ignition spray holes 103 are arranged in a number which can ensure that the gas can be ignited, the embodiment is not specifically limited, as can be appreciated, the ignition nozzle 103 and the blind plate 101 are respectively located on both sides of the gas nozzle 102; the center of the rotational flow disk 3 is provided with a hole, the diameter of the hole is the same as the outer diameter of the gas pipe 1, so that the rotational flow disk 3 is fixedly sleeved on the gas pipe 1, the rotational flow disk 3 is sleeved between the gas spray hole 102 and the ignition spray hole 103, the combustion cylinder 4 is fixedly arranged on the rotational flow disk 3, so that the ignition spray hole 103 is positioned outside the combustion cylinder 4, and the gas spray hole 102 is positioned inside the combustion cylinder 4; specifically, the combustion cylinder 4 of this embodiment has a first open end 401 and a second open end 402, the first open end 401 is fixed on the outer edge of the cyclone disk 3, the second open end 402 is far away from the gas pipe 1, so that the ejected gas has a certain combustion space, and the combustion cylinder 4 and the gas pipe 1 are coaxially arranged, a plurality of ventilation groups of a circumferential array are arranged on the combustion cylinder 4, each ventilation group includes a plurality of ventilation holes 403 arranged along the axial direction of the combustion cylinder 4, this embodiment adopts a mode of a plurality of small spray holes to send fine airflow into the combustion cylinder 4 to participate in combustion supporting, so that the mixing effect can be strengthened, and the gas is accelerated to burn.

Specifically, the air inlet pipe 2 is sleeved outside the gas pipe 1 and is coaxially arranged with the gas pipe 1, air flows in an annular space between the gas pipe 1 and the air inlet pipe 2 and finally enters the combustion cylinder 4 to assist in combustion, the heat-storage air mixing cover 5 is connected with the air inlet pipe 2 through the connecting sleeve 6, the combustion cylinder 4 is positioned in the connecting sleeve 6, the inner diameter of the connecting sleeve 6 is larger than the outer diameter of the combustion cylinder 4, so that a burnout air port 404 is formed between the combustion cylinder 4 and the connecting sleeve 6, and the air can enter the heat-storage air mixing cover 5 from the burnout air port 404 to assist in combustion; the connecting sleeve 6 of the present embodiment may be a part of the air inlet duct 2, and is integrally provided with the air inlet duct 2; the air inlet pipe can be separated from the air inlet pipe 2 and is hermetically connected with the air inlet pipe 2 through a flange, and the technical personnel can select the air inlet pipe according to specific conditions.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 5, the combustion cylinder 4 is of a conical structure, the diameter of the first open end 401 is smaller than that of the second open end 402, that is, the combustion cylinder 4 extends in an expanding manner in a direction away from the gas pipe 1, an included angle between a bus of the combustion cylinder 4 and an axis is 10 to 15 degrees, in addition, the axis of the vent 403 on the combustion cylinder 4 is perpendicular to the bus of the combustion cylinder 4, so that a proper amount of air enters the combustion cylinder 4 at a certain inclination angle to be mixed with gas, the mixing area is increased, compared with the case that the air vertically enters the combustion cylinder 4, the mixing effect of the air and the gas is better, and the combustion is more sufficient.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the heat storage air mixing hood 5 is a cylindrical structure, and has a square-mouth end 502 and a round-mouth end 501, the round-mouth end 501 is fixedly connected with one end of the connecting sleeve 6, the heat storage air mixing hood 5 is communicated with the combustion cylinder 4 to form an elongated combustion space, so that the gas and the air have more sufficient combustion time, combustion space and mixing space, in addition, the square-mouth end 502 of the heat storage air mixing hood 5 has a long side 5021 and a short side 5022, the long side 5021 is connected with part of the round-mouth end to form an expanding section 503, the short side 5022 is connected with the rest round-mouth end to form a reducing section 504, the symmetrically arranged expanding section 503 and reducing section 504 enable the flame to be flat in the heat storage air mixing hood 5, and unburned gas is opposite up and down at the reducing section 504 of the heat storage air mixing hood, so that the unburned gas and the air entering through the burn-out port are further accelerated and mixed by changing the direction of the gas flow, and the mixing effect, finally, the combustion flame is plasticized into a flat fan-shaped flame, and the length of the flame is shortened.

Specifically, the heat-storage air mixing cover 5 is made of fireproof and heat-storage materials, the mixed gas which is not fully combusted can be further accelerated to be combusted in the heat-storage air mixing cover 5, the air-conditioning system can be applied to narrow-space combustion environments such as a vertical furnace and the like, and the fuel gas can be stably and fully combusted.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 4, the swirling disc 3 is uniformly distributed with swirling air holes 302 along the circumference, the swirling air holes 302 are rectangular, a plurality of swirling air holes 302 are arrayed along the circumference of the swirling disc 3, each swirling air hole 302 is provided with a swirling plate 301, the size of each swirling air hole 302 is the same as that of the swirling plate 301, the swirling plate 301 is horizontally placed on the swirling air holes 302 to completely cover the swirling air holes 302, the long sides of the swirling plates 301 and the long sides of the swirling air holes 302 are fixedly arranged, and the swirling plates 301 are bent upward at a certain angle along the long sides to cover a part of the openings of the swirling air holes 302 by the swirling plates 301, so that air enters the combustion cylinder 4 at a certain angle, the swirling plates 301 are positioned at one side of the combustion cylinder 4, the swirling plates 301 and the planes of the swirling air holes 302 are 30 ° -35 ° (that the swirling plates 301 are bent upward at an angle of 30 ° -35 °), a proper amount of air enters the combustion cylinder 4 through the cyclone air holes 302, the air passing through the cyclone plate 301 rotates at a high speed and changes the direction of airflow, the air is firstly rapidly mixed and combusted with the gas sprayed from the gas spray holes 102, the unburnt gas is continuously pushed forward and is mixed and combusted with the air entering through the air holes 403 on the combustion cylinder 4, and the mixing and combustion effects are further improved; in addition, the incompletely combusted gas in the combustion cylinder 4 enters the heat-storage air mixing cover 5, a proper amount of air enters the heat-storage air mixing cover 5 through the burnout air inlet 404 to be further mixed with the unburned gas and participate in combustion supporting, so that the combustion effect is better.

Specifically, the airflow circulation area of the swirl air holes 302, the air holes 403 and the over-fire air holes 404 is 3:4:3, the proportion is set to ensure that the carbon monoxide emission in the combustion exhaust gas is lower than 30ppm, and the oxygen content is controlled to be lower than 3.5%, and the air distribution proportion has a good effect through tests.

Specifically, the present embodiment further includes an ignition device 7, the ignition device 7 is located in the annular space between the air inlet pipe 2 and the gas pipe 1, and an ignition head of the ignition device 7 is located above the ignition nozzle 103 for starting ignition.

As shown in fig. 6, which is a schematic view of the gas flow in the burner head of the present invention, it can be seen that the ignition device 7 ignites the gas at the ignition nozzle 103, a large amount of gas is ejected from the gas nozzle 102 at a high speed and is firstly mixed and combusted with the air entering through the swirling disc 3, a part of the air enters the combustion cylinder 4 from the vent hole 403 in the combustion cylinder 4, and the air entering direction of the vent hole 403 is inclined at a certain angle, at this time, the gas and the air are mixed more gently, the impact force is relatively reduced, the mixed gas is more sufficiently mixed, the mixed gas is continuously combusted in the combustion cylinder 4 and is pushed forward to enter the heat-storage air-mixing hood 5, a part of the air enters the heat-storage air-mixing hood 5 from the burnout port 404, due to the existence of the reducing section 504, the air entering from the burnout port 404 impacts up and down on the inner wall of the reducing section 504, so, the combustion effect is further improved, and compared with a one-air-distribution system or a two-air-distribution system, the combustion is more sufficient.

The invention also provides a burner comprising any one of the burner heads described above, as shown in fig. 7 and 8.

Specifically, the burner further comprises a fan 8, an air door 81, a proportional control mechanism 12, a gas butterfly valve 14, a servo motor 16 and an electric cabinet 17, wherein an air inlet of a combustion head air inlet pipe 2 is connected with an air outlet of the fan 8, an air inlet is arranged below the fan 8, an air door (not shown in the figure) and an air door shaft 81 are arranged at the air inlet, the air door is rotatably connected to the air door shaft 81, a first rocker arm 9 is arranged at one end of the air door shaft 81 positioned outside the fan 8, the first rocker arm 9 is connected with the proportional control mechanism 12 through a connecting rod 10, the proportional control mechanism 12 of the embodiment is an adjustable cam mechanism, a second rocker arm 11 and a crank 13 are arranged on the adjustable cam mechanism, the adjustable cam mechanism is connected with the connecting rod 10 through the second rocker arm 11 and is connected with the gas butterfly valve 14 through the crank 13, the gas butterfly valve 14 is connected with an electromagnetic valve group 15, the servo, in the embodiment, the air door is automatically adjusted by adjusting the adjustable cam mechanism, the air door adjusting principle of the invention belongs to the prior art, and people in the technical field can know the air door adjusting principle through the prior art.

It should be noted that "outside", "inside", "first", "second", etc. are only for convenience of description and should not be construed as limiting the essence of the present invention.

The present invention has been further described with reference to specific embodiments, but it should be understood that the detailed description should not be construed as limiting the spirit and scope of the present invention, and various modifications made to the above-described embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art after reading this specification are within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A combustion head is characterized by comprising a gas pipe, an air inlet pipe, a combustion cylinder, a rotational flow disk and a heat-storage air mixing cover, wherein,

a blind plate is fixedly arranged at one end part of the gas pipe, gas spray holes are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction at the position, adjacent to the blind plate, of the gas pipe, ignition spray holes for igniting gas are arranged at the position, adjacent to the gas spray holes, of the gas pipe, and the ignition spray holes and the blind plate are respectively positioned at two sides of the gas spray holes;

the swirl disc is fixedly sleeved on the gas pipe and positioned between the gas spray hole and the ignition spray hole, a plurality of swirl air holes are circumferentially arranged on the swirl disc, and each swirl air hole is provided with a swirl plate;

the combustion cylinder is provided with a first opening end and a second opening end, the first opening end is fixed on the cyclone disc, the second opening end is far away from the gas pipe, a plurality of ventilation groups in a circumferential array are arranged on the combustion cylinder, and each ventilation group comprises a plurality of ventilation holes distributed along the axial direction of the combustion cylinder;

the air-supply line cup joints the outside of gas pipe, and with the coaxial setting of gas pipe, the wind cover is mixed in the heat accumulation with the air-supply line is connected, a section of thick bamboo that burns is located in the air-supply line, the internal diameter of air-supply line is greater than the external diameter of a section of thick bamboo that burns.

2. The burner head of claim 1 wherein the heat-storing air mixing hood is connected to the air inlet duct by a connecting sleeve, the burner barrel is located within the connecting sleeve, and the inner diameter of the connecting sleeve is greater than the outer diameter of the burner barrel.

3. The burner head of claim 1 wherein the burner barrel is tapered, the first open end has a diameter less than the second open end, and the generatrix of the burner barrel is angled from 10 ° to 15 ° relative to the axis.

4. The burner head of claim 2, wherein the heat-storage air mixing cover is a cylindrical structure and has a square opening end and a round opening end, the round opening end is fixedly connected with one end of the connecting sleeve, the square opening end has a long edge and a short edge, the long edge is connected with the round opening end to form an expanding section, and the short edge is connected with the round opening end to form a reducing section.

5. The burner head of claim 1 wherein the heat-storing mixer housing is fabricated from a refractory, heat-storing material.

6. The burner head as claimed in claim 2, wherein the swirl plate is provided with swirl holes uniformly distributed along the circumference, the swirl plate is provided on one side of the swirl holes parallel to the axis of the swirl plate, the swirl plate is located on one side of the burner barrel, and the plane of the swirl holes and the swirl plate form a 30-35 degree angle.

7. The burner head as claimed in claim 6, wherein an overfire air port is formed between the burner barrel and the connecting sleeve, and the airflow flow areas of the swirl air holes, the ventilation holes and the overfire air port are 3:4: 3.

8. The burner head according to any one of claims 1 to 7, further comprising an ignition device, wherein the ignition device is positioned between the air inlet pipe and the gas pipe, and an ignition head of the ignition device is positioned above the ignition nozzle hole.

9. A burner comprising a burner head according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. The combustor according to claim 7, further comprising a fan, an air door, a proportional control mechanism, a gas butterfly valve, a servo motor and an electric cabinet, wherein the air door is rotatably connected to an air door shaft, a first rocker arm is mounted at one end of the air door shaft and is connected with the proportional control mechanism through a connecting rod, the proportional control mechanism is connected with the gas butterfly valve, the gas butterfly valve is connected with the electromagnetic valve group, and the servo motor is respectively electrically connected with the electric cabinet and the fan.