CN205746975U - A kind of natural gas low pollution combustor based on oil-poor half premixed combustion - Google Patents

A kind of natural gas low pollution combustor based on oil-poor half premixed combustion Download PDF

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Publication number
CN205746975U
CN205746975U CN201620550424.XU CN201620550424U CN205746975U CN 205746975 U CN205746975 U CN 205746975U CN 201620550424 U CN201620550424 U CN 201620550424U CN 205746975 U CN205746975 U CN 205746975U
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China
Prior art keywords
oil
boss
combustion
assembling stand
venturi tube
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Expired - Fee Related
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CN201620550424.XU
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
李文杰
李建中
任勇智
胡阁
巩二磊
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Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
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Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
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Abstract

This utility model provides a kind of natural gas low pollution combustor based on oil-poor half premixed combustion, including premix section cyclone, air intake duct, assembling stand, combustion chamber body, described air intake duct is fixed on the leading portion of assembling stand, described combustion chamber body is fixed on the back segment of assembling stand, described premix section cyclone includes the Venturi tube being fixed in assembling stand center mounting hole, and is arranged on an axial swirler within Venturi tube;The rotary shaft hollow of described axial swirler, centre is used for being passed through gaseous fuel;Extend the radial aperture that is provided with of axial swirler rear end in rotating shaft, position of opening, between axial swirler and Venturi tube venturi, forms gas premixing and closes section in this region;This utility model, by two kinds of low emission technology direct-couplings of oil-poor for premix direct-injection, takes into account poor oil firing's potentiality in low emission simultaneously, it is ensured that fully burning is to reduce the discharge of low stain thing.

Description

A kind of natural gas low pollution combustor based on oil-poor half premixed combustion
Technical field
This utility model belongs to gas-turbine unit cleaning combustion field, especially a kind of based on oil-poor half premixed combustion Natural gas low pollution combustor.
Background technology
Environmental pollution, especially atmospheric pollution, become the one of human survival and threaten greatly.In recent years, China various places haze Taking place frequently, had a strong impact on our life, atmospheric pollution becomes unavoidable problem.Wherein industrial production activities is dirty to air Dye is the most serious, industrial waste gas, life fuel, transportation emission etc., and these polluter are Fuel Selection and combustion after all The problem of burning mode.
Traditional Fuel Selection kind, coal and oil are main bodys, and coal can produce substantial amounts of dust, and coal in burning The essential element of charcoal is carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen and sulfur, so can produce substantial amounts of SO after Ran Shao2And NOx, when imperfect combustion Also can produce substantial amounts of unburned particulate matter;When oil and derivant thereof are as fuel, mainly can produce SO2、CO2、NOxDeng pollution Thing.But natural gas is as novel clean energy resource, combustion process does not produce flue dust and solid emission, does not produces SO2, wherein NOxDischarge also well below other several conventional fossil fuel.
Except the characteristic of fuel itself, combustion system is the most notable on the impact of pollutant emission.Along with to pollutant The continuous intensification of emission mechanism understanding, research worker is gradually recognized primary discharge pollutant and ignition temperature, residence time, is mixed Changing Pattern between gas composition with oil gas state is relevant, it is achieved low pollution emission it is crucial that form uniform flammable mixed gas, disappear Except hot localised points and realization fully burning.Degree and zoning burning, lean premixed preevaporated (Lean are developed accordingly Premixed Prevaporized, is called for short LPP) burning, (Rich-Quench-Lean is called for short in rich oil/quickly extinguishing/oil-poor The low emissions combustion technology such as RQL) burning, oil-poor direct injection (Lean Direct Injection is called for short LDI) burning.
The most lean premixed preevaporated (LPP) combustion technology is to be evaporated and mixed with fuel completely uniformly feeding combustion zone, Realize poor oil firing in combustion zone, the equivalent proportion of combustion zone is the least more can reduce NOXDischarge, this be known low emission potentiality Big combustion technology.But the problems such as existence tempering, spontaneous combustion and the combustion instability of LPP combustion technology, and grinding in present stage It is difficult in studying carefully overcome, occurs in that oil-poor direct injection (LDI) combustion technology for this.Oil-poor direct injection (LDI) combustion technology is just It is to inject fuel directly into combustion zone, is formed about rich oil district, local in spray site and substantially improves firing characteristic, subsequently, fuel Form uniform weak mixture with the high-speed rotational produced through cyclone, and then fully burn in combustion zone, eliminate local Focus, reduces flame temperature, reaches the purpose of low emission.Owing to there is not the process that fuel is pre-mixed and evaporates, thus solve Tempering present in LPP combustion technology of having determined and spontaneous combustion problems, but burn not when LDI combustion technology exists again low-power operation Stable problem.
United States Patent (USP) " Premixing dry low NOx emissions combustor with lean direct Injection of gas fuel " (US2001049932), it is proposed that a two-stage combustion room for fuel gas design, Main combustion stage uses the combustion system of premix, it is achieved combustion with reduced pollutants during low power state, and secondary combustion chamber uses directly injection Mode, power demand when utilizing the reliable operating characteristic of directly injection to supplement high-power.This utility model is a kind of point The concept of level burning, but this utility model is by two kinds of low emission technology direct-couplings of oil-poor for premix direct-injection, with oil-poor half The concept of premix realizes combustor low stain target.United States Patent (USP) " Lean direct injection combustor System " (US2009229269), devise the combustion system of a set of oil-poor direct injection, be respectively adopted housing internal cavity and pipe Road carries oxidant and fuel, until combustor inlet fuel the most really contacts with oxidant, and then mixed combustion.This design Runner exist too much obstruction, fuel and air all have from large area passage enter loose structure, the mistake that runner reduces suddenly Journey, flow losses are bigger.
Therefore, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of natural gas combustion with reduced pollutants based on oil-poor half premixed combustion Room is to improve the deficiencies in the prior art.
Utility model content
For the deficiencies in the prior art, this utility model provides a kind of based on oil-poor half premixed combustion natural Gas low pollution combustor, by using fuel gas and based on oil-poor half premixed combustion, takes into account poor oil firing simultaneously, reduces The discharge of pollutant, improve simultaneously efficiency of combustion, burning the most stable.
This utility model adopts the following technical scheme that a kind of natural gas combustion with reduced pollutants based on oil-poor half premixed combustion Room, it is characterised in that include that premix section cyclone, air intake duct, assembling stand, combustion chamber body, described air intake duct are fixed on The leading portion of assembling stand, described combustion chamber body is fixed on the back segment of assembling stand, and described premix section cyclone includes fixing Venturi tube in assembling stand center mounting hole, and it is arranged on an axial swirler within Venturi tube;Described axial rotation The rotary shaft hollow of stream device, centre is used for being passed through gaseous fuel;It is provided with radial aperture what axial swirler rear end was extended in rotating shaft, Position of opening, between axial swirler and Venturi tube venturi, forms gas premixing and closes section in this region.By in rotating shaft Hollow is passed through gaseous fuel, is then passed through radial aperture ejection, with air pre-mixing between axial swirler and Venturi tube venturi, By two kinds of low emission technology direct-couplings of oil-poor for premix direct-injection, realize combustor low stain target and evade tempering and combustion Burn unstable shortcoming, take into account poor oil firing's great potential in low emission simultaneously, it is ensured that fully burning reduces unburned hydrocarbon, Reduce flame temperature, eliminate hot localised points to reduce NOx
Improving further, described axial swirler meets swirling number, wherein axial rotational flow Device is main according to mainly determining its swirling number according to interior outer radius and wall thickness, and in formula, r is axial swirler radial section position The internal diameter at place, R is the external diameter of radial section position,For the damped coefficient of blade,For blade tip angle, according in formulaFor right Answer the blade tip angle at r, thus can calculate axis cyclone (6) blade angle.
Improving further, on the basis of the physical dimension of Venturi tube, the exit interface of described axial swirler is to Wen The distance of pipe venturi is 0.7 with the ratio of Venturi tube throat diameter, the ratio of axial swirler discharge area and Venturi tube throat area With for 2.2.
Improving further, described air intake duct, assembling stand and combustion chamber body is all by Flange joint, wherein flange Between shimming, it is ensured that good air-tightness.
Improving further, described fixed form is to be provided with two boss at the cyclone of mixing section, and respectively first is convex Platform and the second boss, mounting seat is provided with the 3rd boss and two step troughs, the respectively first step trough and the second ladder Groove, wherein the first step trough and the first boss are corresponding, and cooperation can position premix section cyclone, and the second boss and baffle plate are joined Closing, with fixing premix section cyclone, the 3rd boss is coordinated with combustion chamber body by the 3rd step trough, it is ensured that air-tightness and together Axle, the 3rd boss in order to fixed dam, baffle plate and the 3rd boss and cyclone outlet plane on same horizontal plane, dress Join and seat against nearly air inlet cephalad direction and have the 4th boss, make assembling stand well by the 4th boss and air intake duct cooperation, Further ensure good air-tightness and alignment.
Natural gas low pollution combustor based on oil-poor half premixed combustion of the present utility model uses gaseous natural gas, compares In other tradition fossil fuel, producing dust and solid emission, not sulfur-bearing hardly, burning will not produce SO2, NOx's Discharge is also well below other fuel, it is possible to be substantially reduced the pollution to atmospheric environment;Meanwhile, relative to liquid fuel, keep away Exempt from the petroleum distribution inequality that fuel-oil atmozation etc. brings, the formation of the most flammable mixed gas, easily uniformly mixed with air, effectively Elimination hot localised points, be substantially reduced the discharge of pollutant, fuel gas and air are easily formed the most mixed gas, it is possible to give full play to The advantage of the combustor of low emission;Fuel vertical air inlet air incidence, carries out short-range premix, utilizes fuel not before igniting Being uniformly distributed guarantee igniting and combustion stability reliably, after igniting, the eddy flow that cyclone produces may proceed to carry out with fuel Mixing, combustion system, between premixed combustion and diffusion combustion, is sufficiently mixed after uniform flammable mixed gas fully burns Can the most effectively reduce the discharge of pollutant;And Combustion chamber design is simple and compact for structure, processing technique is simple with assembling, main Cyclone to be comprised, Venturi tube, hollow axle and front and back main thoroughfare;And may apply to many combustion gas whirlpools of traditional fuel In the field of turbine, such as industrial generation, urban heat supplying;Also apply be applicable to civil engine low emissions combustion field.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is this utility model natural gas based on oil-poor half premixed combustion low emission combustor structural representation;
Fig. 2 is the premix section cyclone of this utility model natural gas low emission combustor based on oil-poor half premixed combustion And the structural representation of rotating shaft;
Fig. 3 is that the structure of the assembling stand of this utility model natural gas low emission combustor based on oil-poor half premixed combustion is shown It is intended to;
Fig. 4 is that the structure of the air intake duct of this utility model natural gas low emission combustor based on oil-poor half premixed combustion is shown It is intended to;
Fig. 5 is the knot of the combustion chamber body of this utility model natural gas low emission combustor based on oil-poor half premixed combustion Structure schematic diagram.
Wherein: 1-premix section cyclone, 2-rotating shaft, 3-air intake duct, 4-assembling stand, 5-combustion chamber body, 6-axially revolves Stream device, 7-Venturi tube, 8-the first boss, 9-the second boss, 10-the first step trough, 11-the second step trough, 12-the 3rd boss, 13-baffle plate, 14-the 4th boss, 15-the 3rd step trough, 16-flange, 17-pad.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the technical solution of the utility model is described in detail.
Refer to shown in Fig. 1-Fig. 5, this utility model uses natural gas to be fuel, based on oil-poor half premixed combustion low stain Combustor, the rotating shaft 2 of use is different from the fuel nozzle of traditional band spray cone angle, but directly uniformly opens in rotating shaft 2 side Hole, the present embodiment is the most uniformly to offer 8 radial direction through hole, and other quantity is also possible.Natural gas can be through rotating shaft Being passed through, afterwards through the hole ejection offered, fuel injection direction is perpendicular to the air of cyclone outlet, and fuel is sheared with air and mixed Mixed, inside the hollow of Venturi tube, preliminary half premix of realization, controls equivalent proportion and is less than 1, enters combustion chamber body 5 and realizes oil-poor combustion Burn.
As in figure 2 it is shown, premix section cyclone 1 has two boss: the first boss 8 and the second boss 9, assembling stand 4 has two Individual step trough: the first step trough 11 and the second step trough 12, and the 3rd boss 12.Wherein the first step trough 10 and first Boss 8 corresponding location premix section cyclone 1, the second boss 9 and baffle plate 13 coordinate, and fix premix section cyclone 1, and the 3rd is convex Platform 12 positioning baffle 13.Now baffle plate 13 and the 3rd boss and cyclone outlet plane are on same horizontal plane.Therein Axial swirler 6 mainly determines its swirling number according to interior outer radius and wall thickness, r in formulaSFor axle To the internal diameter of cyclone 6 radial section position, RSFor the external diameter of radial section position, r is swirler blades least radius, R is swirler blades maximum radius,For the damped coefficient of blade,For blade tip angle.According in formulaFor the blade tip at corresponding r Angle, thus can calculate axis cyclone 6 blade angle.Axial swirler 6 exit interface to Venturi tube venturi distance with The ratio of Venturi tube 7 throat diameter is 0.7, and cyclone 6 discharge area is 2.2 with the ratio of Venturi tube 7 throat area.
As shown in Figures 3 and 4, the air inlet head of assembling stand 4 has the 4th boss 14, is allowed for by the 4th boss Assembling stand 4 well coordinates with air intake duct 3, and ensure that good air-tightness and alignment.3rd boss 12 is by the simultaneously Three step troughs 15 coordinate with combustion chamber body 5, it is ensured that air-tightness and axiality.
Refer to Fig. 1-Fig. 5 and combine shown in Fig. 5, in real work, air is entered in Venturi tube by air intake duct 3 Empty internal, i.e. at premix section, under the effect of premix section cyclone 1, produce eddy flow in the inside of Venturi tube, and in burning Room body 5 head forms stable recirculating zone;Meanwhile, natural gas enters premix section by rotating shaft 2, and through being positioned at axle Spraying in the hole offered between cyclone 6 and Venturi tube 7 venturi, natural gas now is vertically injected along air incidence direction, Carry out partly-premixed from spray site to venturi outlet.Natural gas is carried out after the mixed gas entrance combustion chamber body 5 of air Igniting, can continue to mix with air with post fuel, form the most uniform flammable mixed gas, and its combustion system is between premixed combustion With between diffusion combustion, combustion chamber operational state is poor oil firing, can effectively reduce combustion flame temperature, reduce Air-pollution From Combustion The discharge capacity of thing, particularly oxynitride.Control fuel and carry out poor oil firing with air equivalent than less than 1, post fuel of lighting a fire Blend burning with air further, form the most mixed gas and reduce flame temperature with guarantee, eliminate hot localised points, reduce gas turbine Combustor pollutant emission index.

Claims (5)

1. a natural gas low pollution combustor based on oil-poor half premixed combustion, it is characterised in that include premix section eddy flow Device (1), air intake duct (3), assembling stand (4), combustion chamber body (5), described air intake duct (3) is fixed on the leading portion of assembling stand (4), Described combustion chamber body (5) is fixed on the back segment of assembling stand (4), and described premix section cyclone (1) includes being fixed on dress Join the Venturi tube (7) in seat (4) center mounting hole, and be arranged on the axial swirler (6) that Venturi tube (7) is internal;Institute Stating rotating shaft (2) hollow of axial swirler (6), centre is used for being passed through gaseous fuel;Axial swirler is extended in rotating shaft (2) (6) rear end be provided with radial aperture, position of opening is positioned between axial swirler (6) and Venturi tube (7) venturi, in this region shape Gas premixing is become to close section.
Natural gas low pollution combustor based on oil-poor half premixed combustion the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that institute The axial swirler (6) stated meets swirling number, in formula, r is axial swirler (6) radial section The internal diameter of position, R is the external diameter of radial section position,For the damped coefficient of blade,For blade tip angle.
Natural gas low pollution combustor based on oil-poor half premixed combustion the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that with On the basis of the physical dimension of Venturi tube (7), the distance of the exit interface of described axial swirler (6) to Venturi tube venturi and literary composition The ratio of family name's pipe (7) throat diameter is 0.7, and cyclone outlet area is 2.2 with the ratio of Venturi tube throat area.
Natural gas low pollution combustor based on oil-poor half premixed combustion the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that institute Air intake duct (3), assembling stand (4) and the combustion chamber body (5) stated is all to be connected, wherein between flange (16) by flange (16) Shimming (17).
Natural gas low pollution combustor based on oil-poor half premixed combustion the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that institute The fixed form stated is to be provided with two boss at the cyclone (1) of mixing section, the respectively first boss (8) and the second boss (9), Assembling stand (4) is provided with the 3rd boss (12) and two step troughs, the respectively first step trough (10) and the second step trough (11), wherein the first step trough (10) and the first boss (8) are corresponding, and cooperation can position premix section cyclone (1), and second is convex Platform (9) and baffle plate (13) coordinate, fixing premix section cyclone (1), and the 3rd boss (12) is by the 3rd step trough (15) and combustion Burning body (5) to coordinate, the 3rd boss (12) goes out in order to fixed dam (13), baffle plate (13) and the 3rd boss (12) and cyclone Mouth plane is on same horizontal plane, and assembling stand (4) has the 4th boss (14), the 4th boss near air inlet cephalad direction (14) assembling stand (4) is made to coordinate with air intake duct (3).
CN201620550424.XU 2016-06-08 2016-06-08 A kind of natural gas low pollution combustor based on oil-poor half premixed combustion Expired - Fee Related CN205746975U (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105928008A (en) * 2016-06-08 2016-09-07 南京航空航天大学 Natural gas low-pollution combustion chamber based on lean semi-premixed combustion

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105928008A (en) * 2016-06-08 2016-09-07 南京航空航天大学 Natural gas low-pollution combustion chamber based on lean semi-premixed combustion

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CF01 Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee
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Granted publication date: 20161130

Termination date: 20190608