CN111156424B - Cyclic adsorption type hydrogen leakage safety protection system and method - Google Patents
Cyclic adsorption type hydrogen leakage safety protection system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111156424B CN111156424B CN201911404815.5A CN201911404815A CN111156424B CN 111156424 B CN111156424 B CN 111156424B CN 201911404815 A CN201911404815 A CN 201911404815A CN 111156424 B CN111156424 B CN 111156424B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17D—PIPE-LINE SYSTEMS; PIPE-LINES
- F17D5/00—Protection or supervision of installations
- F17D5/005—Protection or supervision of installations of gas pipelines, e.g. alarm
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C11/00—Use of gas-solvents or gas-sorbents in vessels
- F17C11/005—Use of gas-solvents or gas-sorbents in vessels for hydrogen
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17D—PIPE-LINE SYSTEMS; PIPE-LINES
- F17D5/00—Protection or supervision of installations
- F17D5/02—Preventing, monitoring, or locating loss
- F17D5/06—Preventing, monitoring, or locating loss using electric or acoustic means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
- F17C2260/04—Reducing risks and environmental impact
- F17C2260/042—Reducing risk of explosion
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/32—Hydrogen storage
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P90/00—Enabling technologies with a potential contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
- Y02P90/45—Hydrogen technologies in production processes
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
Abstract
The application provides a cyclic adsorption type hydrogen leakage safety protection system and method. The cyclic adsorption type hydrogen leakage safety protection system can be applied to the transportation and storage processes of hydrogen. The cyclic adsorption type hydrogen leakage safety protection system can effectively and actively prevent the problems of fire or explosion caused by the leakage of hydrogen. In the circulation absorption formula hydrogen leakage safety protection system, provide the leakage through the initiative protective housing and gather the space. The leak accumulation space is used to collect leaking hydrogen. The one-way adjusting structure controls the leaked hydrogen to be transmitted to the circulating adsorption structure in a one-way mode. The circulating adsorption structure circularly adsorbs the leaked hydrogen which is transmitted in one way so as to regulate and control the hydrogen in the leaked accumulation space, so that the hydrogen in the leaked accumulation space is not continuously accumulated. The circulation adsorption type hydrogen leakage safety protection system can actively operate leaked hydrogen, and potential safety hazards caused by hydrogen leakage are reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of hydrogen energy, in particular to a cyclic adsorption type hydrogen leakage safety protection system and method.
Background
With the large exploitation and use of traditional fossil energy, the energy exhaustion, climate change and ecological environment problems are increasingly prominent. However, the non-uniformity and intermittence of renewable energy sources cause huge impact on a power grid after grid connection, so that the energy storage technology is very important. Among the numerous energy storage technologies, hydrogen energy has significant advantages due to its high energy density, renewability, and cleanliness.
However, hydrogen is a very flammable and explosive gas, and when the volume fraction of hydrogen in air exceeds 4% -75%, explosion can be caused when the hydrogen meets a fire source. During the transportation and storage of hydrogen, the leakage of hydrogen is difficult to avoid, so the active protection after the leakage is very important.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, there is a need to provide an active safety protection system and method for hydrogen leakage in a cyclic adsorption manner, which can solve the problem that hydrogen leakage is likely to cause fire or explosion during the transportation and storage of hydrogen.
A cyclic adsorption type hydrogen leakage safety protection system comprises:
the active protection shell is detachably connected with the hydrogen transportation pipeline, a leakage accumulation space for containing leaked hydrogen is formed in the active protection shell, the hydrogen transportation pipelines are connected through pipeline joints, and the leakage accumulation space is formed around the outer side wall of the pipeline joint;
the one-way adjusting structure is connected with the leakage accumulation space and is used for controlling the one-way transmission of the leaked hydrogen;
and the circulating adsorption structure is connected with the one-way adjusting structure and used for circularly adsorbing the leaked hydrogen which is transmitted in one way.
In one embodiment, the cyclical adsorption structure comprises:
the circulating adsorption pipeline is arranged in the side wall of the active protection shell; and
and the circulating pump is arranged in the active protective shell and is connected with the circulating adsorption pipeline.
In one embodiment, the circulating adsorption line further comprises: and the filling interface is used for realizing the supplement or replacement of adsorbate in the circulating adsorption pipeline.
And the guiding device is arranged outside the active protection shell and is connected with the circulating adsorption pipeline.
In one embodiment, the cyclic adsorption type hydrogen leakage safety protection system further comprises:
a flexible seal disposed at a face of the active containment housing that contacts the pipe joint and/or the hydrogen transport pipe, the flexible seal assisting in forming the leak accumulation space with an insulated sealed environment.
In one embodiment, the circulation adsorption pipeline is embedded in the flexible sealing element.
In one embodiment, an adsorbate is disposed in the circulating adsorption pipeline, the adsorbate is an adsorption layer formed by a physical adsorbate or a chemical adsorbate, or the adsorbate is a physical adsorbate or a chemical adsorbate scattered in the circulating adsorption pipeline.
In one embodiment, the adsorbate comprises: any one or more of activated carbon, carbon nanofibers, graphite nanofibers, carbon nanotubes, boron oxide, zeolite, magnesium alloy, titanium alloy, rare earth alloy, vanadium alloy, zirconium alloy, and the like.
A cyclic adsorption type hydrogen leakage safety protection method adopts any cyclic adsorption type hydrogen leakage safety protection system to realize the following steps:
s100, providing the leakage accumulation space, wherein the leakage accumulation space is used for accommodating leaked hydrogen;
s200, acquiring the hydrogen pressure in the leakage accumulation space in real time;
s300, when the hydrogen pressure reaches the threshold pressure of the one-way adjusting structure, the one-way adjusting structure controls the leaked hydrogen to be transmitted to the circulating adsorption structure in a one-way mode, so that the hydrogen in the leaked accumulation space is not continuously accumulated.
In one embodiment, the step S100 of providing the leakage accumulation space, where the leakage accumulation space is used for accommodating leaked hydrogen, specifically includes:
s110, providing an active protection shell, wherein the active protection shell is detachably connected with the hydrogen transportation pipelines, the hydrogen transportation pipelines are connected through pipeline joints, and the inner side wall of the active protection shell is provided with a closed fastener;
and S120, forming the leakage accumulation space between the closed fastening piece and the hydrogen transportation pipeline and/or the pipeline joint, wherein the leakage accumulation space is used for containing leaked hydrogen.
In one embodiment, the one-way regulating structure is a gas-liquid one-way valve;
the circulating adsorption structure includes:
the circulating adsorption pipeline is arranged in the side wall of the active protection shell; and
the circulating pump is arranged in the active protective shell and is connected with the circulating adsorption pipeline;
the circulating adsorption pipeline is internally provided with an adsorbate, the adsorbate is an adsorption layer formed by physical adsorbates or chemical adsorbates, or the adsorbate is scattered on the circulating adsorption pipeline;
in the step S300, when the hydrogen pressure reaches the threshold pressure of the unidirectional adjusting structure, the unidirectional adjusting structure controls the leaked hydrogen to be unidirectionally transmitted to the circulating adsorption structure, so that the hydrogen in the leaked accumulation space is no longer continuously accumulated, specifically including:
s310, when the hydrogen pressure reaches the threshold pressure of the one-way adjusting structure, the one-way adjusting structure is opened, the circulating pump is opened, and the leaked hydrogen is transmitted to the circulating adsorption pipeline;
s320, absorbing the leaked hydrogen gas to a certain extent by the adsorbate in the circulating adsorption pipeline.
The application provides a cyclic adsorption type hydrogen leakage safety protection system and method. The cyclic adsorption type hydrogen leakage safety protection system can be applied to the transportation and storage processes of hydrogen. The cyclic adsorption type hydrogen leakage safety protection system can effectively and actively prevent the problems of fire or explosion caused by the leakage of hydrogen. In the circulation adsorption type hydrogen leakage safety protection system, a leakage accumulation space is provided by the active protection shell. The leak accumulation space is used for collecting leaking hydrogen. The one-way adjusting structure controls the leaked hydrogen to be transmitted to the circulating adsorption structure in a one-way mode. The circulating adsorption structure circularly adsorbs the leaked hydrogen which is transmitted in a one-way mode so as to regulate and control the hydrogen in the leaked accumulation space, and therefore the hydrogen in the leaked accumulation space is not continuously accumulated. The circulation adsorption type hydrogen leakage safety protection system can actively operate leaked hydrogen, and potential safety hazards caused by hydrogen leakage are reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a cyclic adsorption type hydrogen leakage safety protection system provided in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a cyclic adsorption type hydrogen leakage safety protection system provided in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line A-A' of an active shielding shell in the hydrogen leakage safety shielding system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a cross-section B-B' of an active shielding shell in a cyclic absorption type hydrogen leakage safety shielding system provided in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a cyclic adsorption type hydrogen leakage safety protection system provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 6 is a flow chart of a cyclic adsorption type hydrogen leakage safety protection method provided in an embodiment of the present application.
The reference numbers illustrate:
circulation adsorption type hydrogen leakage safety protection system 100
An active guard housing 10;
Leak accumulation space 14
One-way adjusting structure 20
Circulating adsorption structure 30
Circulating adsorption line 31
Detector 60
Alarm 90
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the present application is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application.
Referring to fig. 1, the present application provides a cyclic absorption type hydrogen leakage safety protection system 100. The cyclic adsorption type hydrogen leakage safety protection system 100 includes: the active guard housing 10, the unidirectional adjusting structure 20 and the cyclic absorption structure 30.
The active protective shell 10 is detachably connected with the hydrogen transportation pipeline 13. The active containment shell 10 has a leak accumulation space 14 therein for accommodating leaking hydrogen. The hydrogen conveying pipelines 13 are connected through pipeline joints 12. The leak accumulation space 14 is formed around the outer side wall of the pipe joint 12. The inner side wall of the active protection casing 10 may be provided with a sealing member for sealing the accommodating cavity and preventing leakage of hydrogen from directly diffusing into the air. The outer side wall of the active protection housing 10 comprises a snap ring and a buckle for detachable connection with the hydrogen transportation pipeline 13.
The one-way adjusting structure 20 is connected to the leakage accumulation space 14. The unidirectional adjusting structure 20 is used for controlling the unidirectional transmission of the leaked hydrogen. The one-way regulating structure 20 has certain pressure regulating and controlling functions. The one-way adjusting structure 20 may be a one-way valve. When the pressure of hydrogen or the concentration of hydrogen in the leak accumulation space 14 reaches the pressure set value of the unidirectional adjusting structure 20, the unidirectional adjusting structure 20 controls the leaked hydrogen to move in a unidirectional manner.
The circulating adsorption structure 30 is connected with the unidirectional adjusting structure 20. The circulating adsorption structure 30 is used for circularly adsorbing the leaked hydrogen which is transmitted in a single direction. The circulating adsorption structure 30 is provided with an adsorbate. Specifically, the adsorbate may be an adsorption layer formed by a physical adsorbate or a chemical adsorbate. Or the adsorbate is a physical adsorbate or a chemical adsorbate scattered in the closed structure formed by the circulating adsorption structure 30. A cyclics and adsorbates may be disposed in the cyclical adsorbent structure 30. The cyclic adsorption structure 30 achieves two purposes: one is to fully react the leaked hydrogen and save the consumption of adsorbate. Another is to be able to carry the leaking hydrogen gas away from the leak accumulation space 14 quickly, avoiding danger.
In this embodiment, the cyclic adsorption type hydrogen leakage safety protection system 100 can be applied to the transportation and storage process of hydrogen. The cyclic absorption type hydrogen leakage safety protection system 100 can effectively and actively prevent the problems of fire or explosion caused by the leakage of hydrogen. In the cyclic absorption type hydrogen leakage safety protection system 100, the leakage accumulation space 14 is provided by the active protection casing 10. The leak accumulation space 14 is used to collect leaking hydrogen. The unidirectional adjustment structure 20 controls the unidirectional transmission of the leaked hydrogen to the cyclic adsorption structure 30. The circulating adsorption structure 30 performs circulating adsorption on the leaked hydrogen which is unidirectionally transmitted out, so as to regulate and control the hydrogen in the leakage accumulation space 14, so that the hydrogen in the leakage accumulation space 14 is not continuously accumulated any more. The cyclic adsorption type hydrogen leakage safety protection system 100 can actively operate leaked hydrogen, and potential safety hazards caused by hydrogen leakage are reduced.
Referring to fig. 2, in one embodiment, the cyclic adsorption structure 30 includes: a circulation adsorption line 31 and a circulation pump 32. Specifically, the number of the circulation adsorption line 31 and the circulation pump 32 may be plural.
The circulation adsorption pipeline 31 is disposed in a side wall of the active protection housing 10. The circulation pump 32 is disposed in the active protection casing 10 and connected to the circulation adsorption pipeline 31. The type, size, etc. of the circulation pump 32 can be adjusted according to the size of the active protective shell 10.
In this embodiment, the arrangement of the circulation adsorption pipeline 31 and the circulation pump 32 enables the processing of the leaked hydrogen in the circulation adsorption type hydrogen leakage safety protection system 100 to be more conveniently and rapidly realized.
In one embodiment, the cyclic absorption type hydrogen leakage safety protection system 100 further comprises: a flexible seal (not shown).
The flexible seal is provided at the face of the active containment shell 10 that is in contact with the pipe joint 12 and/or the hydrogen transport pipe 13. The flexible seal assists in forming the leakage accumulation volume 14 with an insulating sealed environment. The material of the flexible sealing element can be any one of rubber, resin, plastic material, silica gel material or other flexible sealing materials. In particular, the relationship between the flexible seal and the circulating adsorption line 31 can be seen in fig. 3 and 4. Fig. 3 shows the relationship between the active guard casing 10 and the circulation adsorption line 31 on the section a-a' in fig. 2. Fig. 4 shows the relationship between the active guard casing 10 and the circulation adsorption line 31 and the circulation pump 32 on the section B-B' in fig. 2.
In this embodiment, a specific structure of the active protective housing 10 is provided, and in the active protective housing 10, a connection structure of the active protective housing 10 and the cyclic absorption structure 30 is fully shown. The effective arrangement of the circulating adsorption structure 30 facilitates the circulating adsorption treatment of the leaked hydrogen which is transmitted in one direction.
In one embodiment, the recycle adsorption line 31 further comprises: and (4) filling an interface. The filling port is used for realizing the supplement or replacement of adsorbate in the circulating adsorption pipeline 31. The filling interface may extend outward along the circulation adsorption pipeline 31 to the outside of the active protection shell 10, so as to facilitate filling or replacement of the adsorbate.
In one embodiment, the circulating adsorption pipeline 31 is provided with an adsorbate, the adsorbate is an adsorption layer formed by a physical adsorbate or a chemical adsorbate, or the adsorbate is a physical adsorbate or a chemical adsorbate scattered on the circulating adsorption pipeline 31. The circulating adsorption pipeline 31 may further include a circulating substance, and the circulating substance may be a gas-liquid two-phase solution or a gas-solid two-phase solution, so that the leaked hydrogen is adsorbed conveniently.
In one embodiment, the adsorbate comprises: any one or more of Activated Carbon (AC), Carbon Nanofiber (CNF), Graphite Nanofiber (GNF), Carbon Nanotube (CNT), boron oxide, zeolite, magnesium alloy, titanium alloy, rare earth alloy, vanadium alloy, zirconium alloy, and the like. The provision of the adsorbate allows for a preliminary adsorption of the leaking hydrogen, with a first time less/reduced amount of leaking hydrogen (content/concentration of leaking hydrogen).
Referring to fig. 5, the cyclic absorption type hydrogen leakage safety protection system 100 further includes a detector 60 and an alarm 90.
The detector 60 may be the hydrogen sensor. The detector 60 is provided in the leak accumulation space 14. The detector 60 may be an ultra-high precision hydrogen sensor. The detector 60 may be a hydrogen pressure sensor or a hydrogen concentration sensor.
In this embodiment, the inclusion of the detector 60 in the cyclic adsorption type hydrogen leakage safety protection system 100 can improve the detection accuracy of the leaked hydrogen. Moreover, the detector 60 is disposed at a position that can effectively increase the service life of the hydrogen leakage active safety protection system 100.
The alarm 90 is electrically connected to the detector 60. When the detector 60 detects whether the hydrogen equivalent in the leak accumulation space 14 is greater than or equal to a hydrogen equivalent threshold value, an alarm control signal is sent to the alarm 90.
In this embodiment, the alarm 90 may be one or more of a warning light or a buzzer. The alarm 90 may be arranged on an inner wall of the active guard housing 10 or in the leakage accumulation space 14. The alarm 90 may also be provided on an outer wall of the active guard housing 10. In this embodiment, the alarm 90 is used to detect the hydrogen content in the leakage accumulation space 14 and perform early warning. The alarm 90 can respond quickly to notify the staff to overhaul and prevent a large amount of leaked hydrogen from gathering.
Referring to fig. 6, in an embodiment, the present application provides a cyclic absorption type hydrogen leakage safety protection method, which employs any one of the cyclic absorption type hydrogen leakage safety protection systems 100 described above to implement the following steps:
s100, providing the leakage accumulation space 14, wherein the leakage accumulation space 14 is used for containing leaked hydrogen.
And S200, acquiring the hydrogen pressure in the leakage accumulation space 14 in real time.
S300, when the hydrogen pressure reaches the threshold pressure of the unidirectional adjusting structure 20, the unidirectional adjusting structure 20 controls the unidirectional transmission of the leaked hydrogen to the circulation adsorption structure 30, so that the hydrogen in the leakage accumulation space 14 is no longer continuously accumulated.
In this embodiment, a circulator and an adsorbate may be disposed in the cyclic adsorption structure 30. The cyclic adsorption structure 30 achieves two purposes: one is to fully react the leaked hydrogen and save the consumption of adsorbate. Another is to be able to carry the leaking hydrogen gas away from the leak accumulation space 14 quickly, avoiding danger.
In this embodiment, the cyclic adsorption type hydrogen leakage safety protection method can be applied to the transportation and storage processes of hydrogen. The circular adsorption type hydrogen leakage safety protection method can effectively and actively prevent the problem of fire or explosion caused by the leakage of hydrogen. In the cyclic adsorption type hydrogen leakage safety protection method, the leakage accumulation space 14 is provided by the active protection shell 10. The leak accumulation space 14 is used to collect leaking hydrogen. The unidirectional adjustment structure 20 controls the unidirectional transmission of the leaked hydrogen to the cyclic adsorption structure 30. The circulating adsorption structure 30 performs circulating adsorption on the leaked hydrogen which is unidirectionally transmitted out, so as to regulate and control the hydrogen in the leakage accumulation space 14, so that the hydrogen in the leakage accumulation space 14 is not continuously accumulated any more. The circular adsorption type hydrogen leakage safety protection method can be used for actively operating leaked hydrogen, and potential safety hazards caused by hydrogen leakage are reduced.
In one embodiment, the step S100 of providing the leakage accumulation space 14, where the leakage accumulation space 14 is used for accommodating leaked hydrogen, specifically includes:
s110, providing an active protection shell 10, wherein the active protection shell 10 is detachably connected with the hydrogen conveying pipelines 13, the hydrogen conveying pipelines 13 are connected through pipeline joints 12, and the inner side wall of the active protection shell 10 is provided with a sealing fastener.
And S120, forming the leakage accumulation space 14 between the closed fastening piece and the hydrogen transportation pipeline 13 and/or the pipeline joint 12, wherein the leakage accumulation space 14 is used for accommodating leaked hydrogen.
In this embodiment, the sealing fastener may be a flexible sealing material. For example, the sealing fastener may be any one of rubber, resin, plastic material, silicone material, or other flexible sealing material.
In one embodiment, the one-way adjustment structure 20 is a gas-liquid one-way valve.
The circulating adsorption structure 30 includes: a circulation adsorption line 31 and a circulation pump 32. The circulation adsorption pipeline 31 is disposed in a side wall of the active protection housing 10. The circulation pump 32 is disposed in the active protection casing 10 and connected to the circulation adsorption pipeline 31.
The circulating adsorption pipeline 31 is provided with an adsorbate, the adsorbate is an adsorption layer formed by a physical adsorbate or a chemical adsorbate, or the adsorbate is scattered on the circulating adsorption pipeline 31.
In the step S300, when the hydrogen pressure reaches the threshold pressure of the unidirectional adjusting structure 20, the unidirectional adjusting structure 20 controls the leaked hydrogen to be unidirectionally transmitted to the circulation adsorption structure 30, so that the hydrogen in the leaked accumulation space 14 is no longer continuously accumulated, specifically including:
s310, when the hydrogen pressure reaches the threshold pressure of the unidirectional adjusting structure 20, the unidirectional adjusting structure 20 is opened, the circulation pump 32 is opened, and the leaked hydrogen is transmitted to the circulation adsorption pipeline 31.
S320, the adsorbate in the circulation adsorption line 31 absorbs the leaked hydrogen gas to a certain extent, and the longer the circulation adsorption line 31 through which the leaked hydrogen gas passes, the more the leaked hydrogen gas is adsorbed.
In one embodiment, the active containment vessel 10 is disposed at the hydrogen transport pipe 13, at an intersection of the hydrogen transport pipe 13, at an inlet or outlet of a hydrogen storage device, or at a sidewall of a hydrogen storage device.
The present embodiment provides an environment in which the active containment vessel 10 may be located. The active containment vessel 10 may be placed in any location where hydrogen leakage is likely to occur. For example, the active shielding housing 10 may be disposed on the hydrogen transport pipe 13 to prevent accumulation of hydrogen gas due to leakage of the hydrogen transport pipe 13. The hydrogen transportation pipeline 13 is filled with gaseous hydrogen, and the pressure is more than 0.1 MPa. The active protection shell 10 can also be arranged at the intersection of the hydrogen transportation pipeline 13, and the active protection shell 10 can completely wrap the intersection to avoid the leakage of hydrogen to the atmosphere and the danger. The active protection shell 10 may also be disposed at an inlet or an outlet of the hydrogen transportation pipeline 13, or at a joint of the outlet and the inlet, so as to avoid hydrogen leakage caused by poor sealing effect at the inlet, the outlet and the joint. The active containment vessel 10 may also be located at the inlet or outlet of the hydrogen storage device. Or the active shielding shell 10 can also be arranged on the side wall of the hydrogen storage device. When the active protective casing 10 can also be disposed on the sidewall of the hydrogen storage device, the active protective casing 10 can be a collection structure attached to the hydrogen storage device in a sealed manner by the edge, so as to prevent the sidewall from aging or the sidewall from being corroded to cause hydrogen leakage.
In the cyclic adsorption type hydrogen leakage safety protection system 100 provided in the application, when the pipeline connection part is abnormal, trace hydrogen is caused to escape. It is absorbed by physical or chemical adsorption without accumulation locally. The cyclic adsorption type hydrogen leakage safety protection method comprises the following steps:
s10, when hydrogen in the pipeline escapes from the joint part, the hydrogen can be gathered in the space inside the safety protection shell;
s20, when the pressure in the space reaches a certain value, hydrogen will enter the circulation adsorption pipeline 31 through the one-way regulation structure 20;
and S30, circulating the adsorbate and/or the cyclate in the circulating adsorption pipeline 31 under the action of the circulating pump 32 to perform adsorption reaction on the hydrogen entering the channel. The purpose of the cycle is two: one is that the hydrogen can be fully reacted, so that the consumption of adsorbed substances is saved; the other is to be able to carry the leaking hydrogen out of the accumulation space quickly.
In the cyclic adsorption type hydrogen leakage safety protection system 100 provided in the present application, the cyclic adsorption pipeline 31 may further include a drain interface and a fill interface (not shown). The drain interface and the filling interface are used for replacing the adsorbate saturated in adsorption, and the circulating substance can be replaced periodically. The following are the design points in the cyclic adsorption type hydrogen leakage safety protection system 100 shown in fig. 2:
1) the hydrogen transportation pipeline 13 is filled with gaseous hydrogen (the pressure is more than 0.1 MPa);
2) the pipe joint 12: a part where hydrogen leakage is likely to occur in the storage and transportation system;
3) and an adsorbate is provided in the circulating adsorption line 31. The adsorbate can react with hydrogen chemically or adsorb hydrogen physically, and can be liquid or solid, and is circulated by gas phase. Namely, if the adsorbate is liquid, the circulating substance is a gas-liquid two-phase solution; if the adsorbate is a solid, the circulating substance is a gas-solid two-phase solution.
4) The active protective shell 10, which is easy to detach, has snap rings and buckles for fixing the active protective shell 10 to the hydrogen transportation pipe 13 and/or the pipe joint 12. The active guard housing 10, which is easy to detach, has a bolt fixing connection structure for fixing the active guard housing 10 to the hydrogen transportation pipe 13 and/or the pipe joint 12.
5) The circulation adsorption pipeline 31 is designed with a spiral adsorption channel in the active protection shell 10, and the channel can be filled with liquid or solid adsorbates capable of adsorbing hydrogen.
6) The circulation pump 32 and the circulation adsorption pipeline 31 together form the circulation adsorption structure 30, and provide flowing power for the adsorption material flowing circularly.
7) The one-way adjusting structure 20 can allow the hydrogen leaked from the pipeline joint 12 to enter the circulating adsorption pipeline 31 from the one-way adjusting structure 20 when a certain pressure value is reached.
The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present application, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, which falls within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a circulation absorption formula hydrogen leaks safety protection system which characterized in that includes:
the active protection shell (10) is detachably connected with a hydrogen transportation pipeline (13), a leakage accumulation space (14) for containing leaked hydrogen is formed in the active protection shell (10), the hydrogen transportation pipelines (13) are connected through a pipeline joint (12), and the leakage accumulation space (14) is formed around the outer side wall of the pipeline joint (12);
a unidirectional regulating structure (20) connected with the leakage accumulation space (14) and used for controlling the unidirectional transmission of the leaked hydrogen;
and the circulating adsorption structure (30) is connected with the one-way adjusting structure (20) and is used for circularly adsorbing the leaked hydrogen which is transmitted out in a one-way mode, and the one-way adjusting structure (20) is connected between the circulating adsorption structure (30) and the leakage accumulation space (14).
2. The cyclic absorption hydrogen leakage safety protection system according to claim 1, wherein the cyclic absorption structure (30) comprises:
the circulating adsorption pipeline (31) is arranged in the side wall of the active protection shell (10); and
and the circulating pump (32) is arranged in the active protection shell (10) and is connected with the circulating adsorption pipeline (31).
3. The cyclic adsorption-type hydrogen leak safety protection system according to claim 2, wherein the cyclic adsorption line (31) further comprises: and the filling interface is used for realizing the supplement or replacement of adsorbate in the circulating adsorption pipeline (31).
4. The cyclic absorption type hydrogen leakage safety protection system according to claim 3, further comprising:
-a flexible seal provided at the face of the active containment casing (10) in contact with the pipe joint (12) and/or the hydrogen transport pipe (13), the flexible seal assisting in forming the leakage accumulation space (14) with an insulating sealed environment.
5. The cyclic absorption hydrogen leakage safety protection system according to claim 4, wherein the cyclic absorption pipeline (31) is embedded in the flexible sealing member.
6. The cyclic absorption type hydrogen leakage safety protection system according to claim 5, wherein an adsorbate is disposed in the cyclic absorption pipeline (31), the adsorbate is an absorption layer formed by a physical adsorbate or a chemical adsorbate, or the adsorbate is a physical adsorbate or a chemical adsorbate scattered on the cyclic absorption pipeline (31).
7. The cyclic absorption hydrogen leak safety protection system according to claim 6, wherein the adsorbate comprises: any one or more of activated carbon, carbon nanofibers, graphite nanofibers, carbon nanotubes, boron oxide, zeolite, magnesium alloy, titanium alloy, rare earth alloy, vanadium alloy, zirconium alloy, and the like.
8. A cyclic absorption type hydrogen leakage safety protection method, characterized in that, the cyclic absorption type hydrogen leakage safety protection system (100) of any one of claims 1 to 7 is adopted to realize the following steps:
s100, providing the leakage accumulation space (14), wherein the leakage accumulation space (14) is used for containing leaked hydrogen;
s200, acquiring the hydrogen pressure in the leakage accumulation space (14) in real time;
s300, when the hydrogen pressure reaches the threshold pressure of the one-way adjusting structure (20), the one-way adjusting structure (20) controls the one-way transmission of the leaked hydrogen to the circulating adsorption structure (30) so that the hydrogen in the leaked accumulation space (14) is not continuously accumulated.
9. The cyclic absorption type hydrogen leakage safety protection method according to claim 8, wherein the step S100 of providing the leakage accumulation space (14), the leakage accumulation space (14) being used for accommodating leaked hydrogen, specifically comprises:
s110, providing an active protection shell (10), wherein the active protection shell (10) is detachably connected with the hydrogen transportation pipelines (13), the hydrogen transportation pipelines (13) are connected through pipeline joints (12), and the inner side wall of the active protection shell (10) is provided with a sealing fastener;
s120, forming the leakage accumulation space (14) between the closed fastening piece and the hydrogen transportation pipeline (13) and/or the pipeline joint (12), wherein the leakage accumulation space (14) is used for containing leaked hydrogen.
10. The cyclic absorption type hydrogen leakage safety protection method according to claim 9, wherein the one-way regulating structure (20) is a gas-liquid one-way valve;
the circulating adsorption structure (30) comprises:
the circulating adsorption pipeline (31) is arranged in the side wall of the active protection shell (10); and
the circulating pump (32) is arranged in the active protection shell (10) and is connected with the circulating adsorption pipeline (31);
an adsorbate is arranged in the circulating adsorption pipeline (31), and the adsorbate is an adsorption layer formed by a physical adsorbate or a chemical adsorbate, or the adsorbate is scattered in the circulating adsorption pipeline (31);
the step S300, when the hydrogen pressure reaches the threshold pressure of the unidirectional adjusting structure (20), the unidirectional adjusting structure (20) controls the leaked hydrogen to be unidirectionally transmitted to the circulating adsorption structure (30), so that the hydrogen in the leakage accumulation space (14) is no longer continuously accumulated, specifically including:
s310, when the hydrogen pressure reaches the threshold pressure of the one-way adjusting structure (20), the one-way adjusting structure (20) is opened, the circulating pump (32) is opened, and the leaked hydrogen is transmitted to the circulating adsorption pipeline (31);
s320, absorbing the leaked hydrogen gas to a certain extent by the adsorbate in the circulating adsorption pipeline (31).
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