CN111156302A

CN111156302A - Large speed ratio heavy load speed reducer

Info

Publication number: CN111156302A
Application number: CN202010013453.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈兵奎; 陈佳豪; 郑正鼎; 黄教鹏; 李�杰
Original assignee: Chongqing University
Current assignee: Chongqing University
Priority date: 2020-01-07
Filing date: 2020-01-07
Publication date: 2020-05-15

Abstract

The invention provides a heavy-load speed reducer with a large speed ratio, which aims to solve the technical problem that the conventional speed reducer cannot be used under a heavy-load condition. The large-speed-ratio heavy-duty speed reducer comprises a cycloid planetary transmission mechanism and a planetary roller screw transmission mechanism; the output end of the cycloid planetary transmission mechanism is connected with the input end of the planetary roller screw transmission mechanism. The power is reduced through the cycloid planetary transmission mechanism and the planetary roller screw transmission mechanism, the cycloid planetary transmission mechanism and the planetary roller screw transmission mechanism have large reduction ratio and can bear large load, and then the speed reducer can achieve the large reduction ratio under the heavy load condition.

Description

Large speed ratio heavy load speed reducer

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of speed reducers, in particular to a high-speed-ratio heavy-load speed reducer.

Background

The speed reducer is widely applied to various fields of modern machinery and is relatively precise machinery. The common speed reducers comprise a gear speed reducer, a worm gear speed reducer, a harmonic speed reducer, an RV speed reducer and the like, the transmission ratio of the common speed reducers is different from one to hundreds, and the purposes of reducing the rotating speed and increasing the torque can be achieved.

However, most of the existing speed reducers cannot be used under heavy load conditions, so that the requirements of industrial production cannot be met. Therefore, it is desirable to design a large ratio reducer for use in heavy duty environments.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a heavy-load speed reducer with a large speed ratio, and aims to solve the technical problem that the conventional speed reducer cannot be used under a heavy-load condition.

The invention provides a high-speed-ratio heavy-duty speed reducer which comprises a cycloidal planetary transmission mechanism and a planetary roller screw transmission mechanism;

the output end of the cycloid planetary transmission mechanism is connected with the input end of the planetary roller screw transmission mechanism.

As a further technical scheme of the invention, the planetary roller screw transmission mechanism comprises a primary speed reducing component, a secondary speed reducing component and an output component;

the input end of the primary speed reducing assembly is connected with the output end of the cycloid planetary transmission mechanism;

the power input part of the secondary speed reducing assembly is connected with the power output part of the primary speed reducing assembly;

the output assembly is connected with the secondary speed reduction assembly and only rotates around the axis direction of the output assembly under the driving of the secondary speed reduction assembly.

As a further technical scheme of the invention, the primary speed reducing assembly comprises a first lead screw, a first roller and a first nut;

the first lead screw is positioned in the first nut, and one end of the first lead screw is connected with the output end of the cycloid planetary transmission mechanism;

a plurality of first rollers are arranged between the first lead screw and the first nut, and the first lead screw and the first nut are both meshed with the first rollers.

As a further technical solution of the present invention, the two-stage speed reduction assembly includes a second lead screw, a second roller and a second nut;

the second lead screw is positioned on the inner side of the second nut and connected with the first nut, and the axis of the second lead screw is superposed with the axis of the first nut;

a plurality of second rollers are arranged between the second nut and the second lead screw, and the second lead screw and the second nut are both meshed with the second rollers.

As a further technical scheme of the invention, an accommodating hole is formed in the middle of the second lead screw, and threads are arranged on the inner wall of the accommodating hole to form the first nut.

As a further technical scheme of the invention, the output assembly comprises a connecting shaft, a second output end disc and an output shaft;

the second lead screw is provided with mounting holes along the direction parallel to the axis, and the mounting holes are in a circular array around the axis of the second lead screw;

the connecting shaft is arranged in the mounting hole, the end part of the connecting shaft, far away from the cycloid planetary transmission mechanism, is connected with the inner side surface of the second output end disc, and the second lead screw can slide on the connecting shaft;

one end of the output shaft is connected with the outer side of the second output end disc, and the axis of the output shaft is overlapped with the axis of the second lead screw.

As a further aspect of the present invention, the second output end disc is supported on an inner wall of the second nut through a bearing.

As a further technical solution of the present invention, an end of the connecting shaft, which is far away from the second output end disc, extends out of the mounting hole, and is supported on an inner wall of the second nut through a bearing.

As a further technical scheme of the invention, the heavy-duty speed reducer with high speed ratio further comprises a base, wherein the base is connected to the side surface, far away from the cycloid planetary transmission mechanism, of the second nut;

the base is barrel-shaped, and the output shaft is located the base inboard.

As a further technical scheme of the invention, the high-speed-ratio heavy-duty speed reducer further comprises a motor, and a rotating shaft of the motor is connected with the input end of the cycloid planetary transmission mechanism.

By combining the technical scheme, the beneficial effects brought by the invention are analyzed as follows:

the invention provides a high-speed-ratio heavy-duty speed reducer which comprises a cycloidal planetary transmission mechanism and a planetary roller screw transmission mechanism; the output end of the cycloid planetary transmission mechanism is connected with the input end of the planetary roller screw transmission mechanism. The power is input from the input end of the cycloid planetary transmission mechanism, is reduced by the cycloid planetary transmission mechanism, is transmitted from the output end of the cycloid planetary transmission mechanism to the input end of the planetary roller screw transmission mechanism, and is reduced by the planetary roller screw transmission mechanism and then is output from the output end of the planetary roller screw. The power is reduced through the cycloid planetary transmission mechanism and the planetary roller screw transmission mechanism, the cycloid planetary transmission mechanism and the planetary roller screw transmission mechanism have large reduction ratio and can bear large load, and then the speed reducer can achieve the large reduction ratio under the heavy load condition.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a high-speed ratio heavy-duty speed reducer according to an embodiment of the invention.

Icon: 10-a motor; 12-cycloidal planetary transmission; 14-planetary roller screw drive; 16-a one-stage speed reduction assembly; 18-a first lead screw; 20-a first roller; 22-a secondary reduction assembly; 24-a second lead screw; 26-a second roller; 28-a second nut; 30-an output component; 32-a connecting shaft; 34-a second output end disk; 36-an output shaft; 38-a first flange; 40-a second flange; 42-a first connection end disc; 44-input end disk; 46-a needle gear shell; 48-a second connection end disc; 50-a first interleaved roller bearing; 52-a second interleaved roller bearing; 54-a first cycloidal gear; 56-a second cycloidal gear; 58-pin bush; 60-pin; 62-a first output end disk; 64-input tumbler bearing; 66-base.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the following embodiments, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inside", "outside", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted" and "connected" are to be interpreted broadly, e.g., as being either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

The embodiment provides a heavy-duty speed reducer with a large speed ratio, and please refer to fig. 1.

The large-speed-ratio heavy-duty speed reducer comprises a cycloid planetary transmission mechanism 12 and a planetary roller screw transmission mechanism 14; the output end of the cycloid planetary transmission mechanism 12 is connected with the input end of the planetary roller screw transmission mechanism 14. The power is input from the input end of the cycloid planetary transmission mechanism 12, and after the speed is reduced by the cycloid planetary transmission mechanism 12, the power is transmitted from the output end of the cycloid planetary transmission mechanism 12 to the input end of the planetary roller screw transmission mechanism 14, and after the speed is reduced by the planetary roller screw transmission mechanism 14, the power is output from the output end of the planetary roller screw. The power is reduced through the cycloid planetary transmission mechanism 12 and the planetary roller screw transmission mechanism 14, and the cycloid planetary transmission mechanism 12 and the planetary roller screw transmission mechanism 14 both have a large reduction ratio and can bear a large load, so that the speed reducer can realize the large reduction ratio under a heavy load condition.

The planetary roller screw drive 14 includes a primary reduction assembly 16, a secondary reduction assembly 22, and an output assembly 30; the input end of the primary speed reducing component 16 is connected with the output end of the cycloid planetary transmission mechanism 12; the power input part of the secondary speed reduction assembly 22 is connected with the power output part of the primary speed reduction assembly 16; the output component 30 is connected with the secondary speed reduction component 22 and is driven by the secondary speed reduction component 22 to rotate only around the axis direction thereof.

The power output by the cycloid planetary transmission mechanism 12 is reduced in the planetary roller screw transmission mechanism 14 by the primary reduction assembly 16 and the secondary reduction assembly 22, and then is output by the output assembly 30. The primary speed reduction assembly 16 and the secondary speed reduction assembly 22 in the planetary roller screw transmission mechanism 14 have linear motion along the axial direction in addition to the rotary motion around the axes thereof during operation, and the output assembly 30 can filter out the linear motion along the axial direction and only output the rotary motion outwards.

Of course, the planetary roller screw transmission 14 may have only a first-stage reduction mechanism and a second-stage reduction mechanism, and another reduction mechanism may be provided between the first-stage reduction mechanism and the second-stage reduction mechanism to realize reduction in more stages.

The specific structure of the primary speed reduction assembly 16 is as follows. The primary reduction assembly 16 includes a first lead screw 18, a first roller 20, and a first nut. The first lead screw 18 is located within the first nut and one end of the first lead screw 18 is connected to the output of the cycloidal planetary transmission 12. A plurality of first rollers 20 are provided between the first lead screw 18 and the first nut, and both the first lead screw 18 and the first nut are engaged with the first rollers 20. The output end of the cycloid planetary transmission mechanism 12 drives a first screw 18 to rotate, the first screw 18 drives a first nut to rotate and move linearly along the axial direction after being decelerated by a plurality of first rollers 20, the first nut is a power output part of a first-stage deceleration mechanism, and a power input part of a second-stage deceleration mechanism is connected with the first nut.

The specific structure of the secondary reduction assembly 22 is as follows. The secondary reduction assembly 22 includes a second lead screw 24, a second roller 26, and a second nut 28. The second lead screw 24 is located inside the second nut 28 and is connected to the first nut, and the axis of the second lead screw 24 coincides with the axis of the first nut. A plurality of second rollers 26 are provided between the second nut 28 and the second lead screw 24, and the second lead screw 24 and the second nut 28 are each engaged with the second rollers 26. The second lead screw 24 is a power input part of the two-stage speed reduction assembly 22, and the first nut drives the second lead screw 24 to rotate and move linearly along the axial direction.

A containing hole is formed in the middle of the second lead screw 24, threads are arranged on the inner wall of the containing hole to form a first nut, the first lead screw 18 is located in the containing hole, and the first nut is arranged between the first lead screw 18 and the inner wall of the containing hole. The first screw 18 directly rotates the first nut via the first roller 20. Of course, the first nut may also be a separate component, the second threaded spindle 24 is connected to the first nut and the axes of the second threaded spindle 24 and the first nut coincide, preferably the second threaded spindle 24 is sleeved on the outside of the first nut.

The output assembly 30 can filter the axial linear motion of the two-stage speed reduction assembly 22 and output only the rotary motion, and the specific structure of the output assembly 30 is as follows. The output assembly 30 includes a connecting shaft 32, a second output end disc 34 and an output shaft 36. The second screw 24 is provided with mounting holes along a direction parallel to the axis, and the mounting holes are in a circular array around the axis of the second screw 24. The connecting shafts 32 are mounted in the mounting holes, the second lead screw 24 rotates to drive the connecting shafts 32 to rotate around the axis of the second lead screw 24, and the second lead screw 24 can slide on the connecting shafts 32 along the axial direction of the second lead screw 24. The end of the connecting shaft 32 remote from the cycloid planetary gear 12 is connected to the inner side of the second output disk 34, and the plurality of connecting shafts 32 drive the second output disk 34 to rotate without driving the second output disk 34 to rotate in the axial direction. One end of the output shaft 36 is connected with the outer side surface of the second output end disc 34, the axis of the output shaft 36 is overlapped with the axis of the second lead screw 24, the second output end disc 34 drives the output shaft 36 to rotate around the axis of the output shaft 36, and the output shaft 36 outputs power.

Specifically, the second output end disc 34 is supported on the inner wall of the second nut 28 through a bearing, so that the second output end disc 34 rotates smoothly, vibration of the second output end disc 34 during rotation is reduced, and smooth rotation of the output shaft 36 is ensured.

The end of the connecting shaft 32 far away from the second output end disc 34 extends out of the mounting hole, and the end of the connecting shaft 32 far away from the second output end disc 34 is supported on the inner wall of the second nut 28 through a bearing, so that both ends of the connecting shaft 32 are effectively supported, on one hand, the rotation of the output shaft 36 is more stable, on the other hand, the pressure between the second roller 26 and the second nut 28 is reduced, and the abrasion between the second roller 26 and the second nut 28 is reduced.

The high ratio heavy duty speed reducer also includes a base 66, the base 66 being attached to the side of the second nut 28 remote from the cycloidal planetary transmission 12. The base 66 is barrel-shaped, and the output shaft 36 is located inside the base 66. The base 66 can be connected with external load equipment, so that the large-speed-ratio heavy-duty speed reducer is fixedly installed, and meanwhile, the output shaft 36 is positioned in the base 66, so that the output shaft 36 is protected, and the stability of output is ensured.

The end face of the second nut 28 which is close to the cycloid planetary gear mechanism 12 is provided with a first flange 38, and the end face of the second nut 28 which is far from the cycloid planetary gear mechanism 12 is provided with a second flange 40. The end part of the first lead screw 18 passes through the first flange 38 to be connected with the output end of the cycloid planetary transmission mechanism 12; the second output end disk 34 or the output shaft 36 passes through the second flange 40 to connect one end of the output shaft 36 with the outer side of the second output end disk 34. The first flange 38 and the second flange 40 maintain the planetary roller screw 14 in a sealed state, and prevent external dust from entering the planetary roller screw 14.

The cycloid planetary gear 12 includes a needle housing 46, a first cycloid gear 54, a second cycloid gear 56, an input rocker bearing 64 and a first output end disk 62. The first and second cycloidal gears 54, 56 are mounted side by side to an input tumbler bearing 64, and the first and second cycloidal gears 54, 56 are both located within the pin housing 46. The first cycloidal gear 54 is provided with a plurality of first pin holes which are arranged in a circular array along the axis of the first cycloidal gear 54. A plurality of second pin holes are formed in the second cycloidal gear 56 and are arrayed along the axis of the second cycloidal gear 56 in a circular manner. A pin 60 passes through the corresponding first and second pin holes, a pin bushing 58 is provided outside the pin 60, and the end of the pin 60 near the planetary roller screw is connected with a first output end disc 62. When the cycloid planetary transmission mechanism 12 works, power is input from the end part of the input rotating arm bearing 64, which is far away from the planetary roller screw, the first cycloid wheel 54 and the second cycloid wheel 56 rotate to realize speed reduction, the first cycloid wheel 54 and the second cycloid wheel 56 drive a first output end disc 62 through a pin 60, the first output end disc 62 is the output end of the cycloid planetary transmission mechanism 12, and the first output end disc 62 is connected with the input end of the planetary roller screw transmission mechanism 14.

The cycloid planetary gear 12 also comprises an input end disk 44, the input end disk 44 being located at an end face of the pin housing 46 facing away from the planetary roller spindle drive 14, and the input end disk 44 being connected to the end of the pin 60 remote from the planetary roller spindle drive 14. The input end disk 44 and the first output end disk 62 are each provided with a support space for supporting an end of the input rocker bearing 64. The end of the input rocker bearing 64 remote from the planetary roller screw 14 is supported by a bearing in the support space of the input end plate 44, and the end of the input rocker bearing 64 close to the planetary roller screw 14 is supported by a bearing in the support space of the first output end plate 62. The input end disk 44 and the first output end disk 62 support an input rocker bearing 64.

The input end disk 44 is supported on the inner side surface of the pin gear housing 46 by a first staggered roller bearing 50, and the first output end disk 62 is supported on the inner side surface of the pin gear housing 46 by a second staggered roller bearing 52. The first and second interleaved

roller bearings

50 and 52 provide a smooth rotation of the input and

first output discs

44 and 62, and thus the input rocker arm bearing 64 supported on the input and

first output discs

44 and 62.

The cycloidal planetary transmission 12 also includes a first connecting end disk 42 and a second connecting end disk 48. The first connecting end disk 42 is connected to an end face of the pin gear housing 46 facing away from the planetary roller screw drive 14, and the second connecting end disk 48 is connected to an end face of the pin gear housing 46 close to the planetary roller screw drive 14. Furthermore, the second connection end disc 48 is connected with the housing of the planetary roller screw drive 14, in particular the second connection end disc 48 is connected with the second nut 28.

The high-speed-ratio heavy-duty speed reducer further comprises a motor 10, and a rotating shaft of the motor 10 is connected with an input end of a cycloid planetary transmission mechanism 12. After the power of the motor 10 is decelerated by the cycloid planetary transmission and the planetary roller screw transmission mechanism 14, the power is output outwards from the output end of the planetary roller screw transmission mechanism 14.

Of course, the power source of the large-speed-ratio heavy-duty speed reducer can adopt a gasoline engine, a diesel engine, a steam turbine and the like besides the motor 10.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. a high-speed heavy-duty reducer, is characterized in that, comprises cycloid planetary transmission mechanism and planetary roller screw transmission mechanism;

2. The high-speed and heavy-duty reducer according to claim 1, wherein the planetary roller screw transmission mechanism comprises a first-level deceleration assembly, a second-level deceleration assembly and an output assembly;

The input end of the first-stage deceleration assembly is connected with the output end of the cycloid planetary transmission mechanism;

The power input portion of the secondary reduction assembly is connected to the power output portion of the primary reduction assembly;

The output assembly is connected with the secondary deceleration assembly, and only rotates around its own axis direction driven by the secondary deceleration assembly.

3. The high-speed heavy-duty reducer according to claim 2, wherein the first-stage reduction assembly comprises a first lead screw, a first roller and a first nut;

the first lead screw is located in the first nut, and one end of the first lead screw is connected to the output end of the cycloidal planetary transmission mechanism;

A plurality of the first rollers are disposed between the first lead screw and the first nut, and both the first lead screw and the first nut are engaged with the first rollers.

4. The high-speed heavy-duty reducer according to claim 3, wherein the secondary reduction assembly comprises a second lead screw, a second roller and a second nut;

The second lead screw is located inside the second nut and is connected with the first nut, and the axis of the second lead screw coincides with the axis of the first nut;

A plurality of the second rollers are disposed between the second nut and the second lead screw, and both the second lead screw and the second nut are engaged with the second rollers.

5 . The high-speed heavy-duty reducer according to claim 4 , wherein an accommodation hole is formed in the middle of the second lead screw, and the inner wall of the accommodation hole is provided with threads to form the first nut. 6 .

6. The high-speed heavy-duty reducer according to claim 4, wherein the output assembly comprises a connecting shaft, a second output end disc and an output shaft;

The second lead screw is provided with mounting holes along a direction parallel to the axis, and a plurality of the mounting holes are arranged in a circular array around the axis of the second lead screw;

The connecting shaft is installed in the mounting hole, and the end of the connecting shaft far away from the cycloid planetary transmission mechanism is connected with the inner side surface of the second output end plate, and the second lead screw can sliding on the connecting shaft;

One end of the output shaft is connected to the outer side of the second output end disc, and the axis of the output shaft coincides with the axis of the second lead screw.

7 . The high-speed heavy-duty reducer according to claim 6 , wherein the second output end plate is supported on the inner wall of the second nut through a bearing. 8 .

8 . The high-speed heavy-duty reducer according to claim 7 , wherein the end of the connecting shaft away from the second output end plate protrudes out of the mounting hole and is supported on the mounting hole through a bearing. 9 . the inner wall of the second nut.

9 . The high-speed heavy-duty reducer according to claim 6 , further comprising a base, and the base is connected to the side of the second nut away from the cycloid planetary transmission mechanism; 10 .

The base is barrel-shaped, and the output shaft is located inside the base.

10 . The high-speed heavy-duty reducer according to claim 1 , further comprising a motor, the rotating shaft of which is connected to the input end of the cycloid planetary transmission mechanism. 11 .