CN111155045B - Hanger for galvanizing of bent pipe - Google Patents

Hanger for galvanizing of bent pipe Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN111155045B
CN111155045B CN202010085362.0A CN202010085362A CN111155045B CN 111155045 B CN111155045 B CN 111155045B CN 202010085362 A CN202010085362 A CN 202010085362A CN 111155045 B CN111155045 B CN 111155045B
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
galvanizing
hanger
support
fixed
rod
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
CN202010085362.0A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Other versions
CN111155045A (en
Inventor
伍军
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Chongqing Yudailu Industrial Technology Co ltd
Original Assignee
Chongqing Yudailu Industrial Technology Co ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Chongqing Yudailu Industrial Technology Co ltd filed Critical Chongqing Yudailu Industrial Technology Co ltd
Priority to CN202010085362.0A priority Critical patent/CN111155045B/en
Publication of CN111155045A publication Critical patent/CN111155045A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN111155045B publication Critical patent/CN111155045B/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C2/00Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
    • C23C2/003Apparatus
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C2/00Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
    • C23C2/04Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor characterised by the coating material
    • C23C2/06Zinc or cadmium or alloys based thereon
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C2/00Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
    • C23C2/34Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the material to be treated
    • C23C2/36Elongated material
    • C23C2/38Wires; Tubes
    • C23C2/385Tubes of specific length

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of galvanizing bearing, and particularly discloses a hanger for galvanizing a bent pipe, which comprises a support frame, wherein two layers of a plurality of parallel support rods are respectively fixed in the support frame from top to bottom, the support rods in the upper layer and the lower layer are mutually staggered in the vertical direction, a plurality of parallel stand columns are sequentially fixed on the support rods along the axial direction, and the axial direction of the stand columns is vertical to the axial direction of the support rods; the upright columns of the upper layer supporting tube and the upright columns of the lower layer supporting tube are staggered in the vertical direction. The invention aims to provide a hanger for galvanizing a bent pipe, which solves the problem of unstable bent pipe fixation.

Description

Hanger for galvanizing of bent pipe
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of galvanizing bearing, and particularly discloses a hanger for galvanizing a bent pipe.
Background
The pipe is a necessary material for building engineering, and commonly used materials comprise a water supply pipe, a water discharge pipe, a gas pipe, a heating pipe, an electric wire conduit, a rainwater pipe and the like. In order to adapt to complicated structural terrains, bends are often used to achieve steering during transportation.
The shape structure of the elbow pipe commonly seen in the prior art is an Jiong-shaped pipe with two ends bent towards the same side, and through holes are arranged at two axial ends. In order to prevent rusting, the surface of the elbow needs to be galvanized, and meanwhile, the galvanized layer on the surface of the elbow can play a certain role in beauty. When the bent pipe is galvanized, the conventional process is to hang the bent pipe by using an iron wire and hang the bent pipe downwards into a galvanizing bath by a crane for galvanizing. According to the galvanizing mode, the number of bent pipes hung at one time is small, so that the production efficiency is low, iron wire traces are formed on the surfaces of the bent pipes after galvanizing, the galvanizing quality is influenced, and in addition, the bent pipes are hung by the iron wires and are easy to loosen, so that certain potential safety hazards are realized.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a hanger for galvanizing a bent pipe, which solves the problem of unstable bent pipe fixation.
In order to achieve the purpose, the basic scheme of the invention is as follows: a hanging tool for galvanizing a bent pipe comprises a supporting frame, wherein two layers of a plurality of supporting rods are respectively fixed in the supporting frame from top to bottom, the upper layer of supporting rods and the lower layer of supporting rods are parallel to each other, the supporting rod positioned on the upper layer is a first supporting rod, the supporting rod positioned on the lower layer is a second supporting rod, the first supporting rod and the second supporting rod are staggered with each other in the vertical direction, and a plurality of first vertical columns which are parallel to each other are respectively and sequentially fixed on the first supporting rod along the axial direction; a plurality of second vertical columns which are parallel to each other are sequentially fixed on the second supporting rod along the axial direction; the first upright columns and the second upright columns are staggered in the vertical direction.
The working principle and the beneficial effects of the basic scheme are as follows: 1. this technical scheme utilizes upper bracing piece and lower floor's bracing piece crisscross on the direction of height, realizes that the slope of return bend on the bracing piece is fixed, specifically is the first half outer wall of bracing piece and supports the outer wall that leans on at upper bracing piece, and the latter half outer wall of bracing piece supports the outer wall that leans on at lower floor's bracing piece, finally realizes the technological effect that the return bend slope was placed. And meanwhile, an additional upright post is additionally arranged on the lower-layer supporting rod to further fix the bent pipe. Because the both ends of return bend are crooked, therefore the one end of return bend when inserting the stand, the outer wall of the interlude of return bend can also be complete to lean on the outer wall of upper bracing piece. This scheme utilization stand and the grafting of return bend tip to the realization plays further fixed to the return bend, avoids the return bend to appear squinting in vertical direction. An additional upright post is additionally arranged on the outer wall of the upper layer supporting rod, and the upright post and the lower layer supporting rod are mutually staggered to fix the upper half part of the bent pipe. The upper half part of the elbow leans on the upper supporting rod, the elbow is located between the adjacent stand columns, and therefore limiting effect on limiting transverse deviation of the elbow is achieved. Compared with the prior art, the fixed stability of the elbow is effectively improved while the elbow is exposed on the external surface area as much as possible.
2. According to the technical scheme, the hanger is utilized to fix the bent pipe, the largest area of the bent pipe can be exposed, the galvanized uniformity and smoothness are guaranteed, and the product quality of the galvanized bent pipe is effectively improved.
3. This technical scheme fixes through the axial both ends of fixed return bend to guarantee that the surface of return bend exposes all the time in the zinc liquid, compare in prior art's iron wire hook, this scheme effectively avoids leading to appearing the zinc liquid delay at hook portion at the dead angle problem because of the iron wire hook, effectively reduces zinc liquid consumption.
4. The hanger of the technical scheme has the advantage of simultaneously galvanizing a plurality of bent pipes, and effectively improves the galvanizing efficiency of the bent pipes compared with the one-by-one galvanizing of a single bent pipe in the prior art.
Furthermore, the outer wall of the second upright post is coaxially and fixedly connected with an annular baffle used for abutting against the end part of the elbow.
Has the advantages that: this technical scheme is through addding annular baffle at the outer wall of second stand to utilize annular baffle to play the jam effect to the return bend tip, effectively avoid the inside of galvanizing liquid follow the tip entering return bend of return bend at the in-process of galvanization.
Further, the second stand includes fixed rod and sleeve, fixed rod fixed connection in the second bracing piece, sleeve sliding connection is on the stand.
Has the advantages that: this technical scheme realizes the relative slip of second stand through adopting fixed rod and sleeve sliding connection's mode, effectively improves the flexible degree that the second stand is adjustable, realizes adjusting the axial length of second stand according to the size of return bend, avoids the return bend to occupy too big hanger space.
Furthermore, a pressure spring is fixedly connected between the inner wall of the sleeve and the free end of the fixed rod.
Has the advantages that: according to the technical scheme, the automatic resetting function of the sleeve and the fixed rod is realized by adopting the technical mode of additionally arranging the pressure spring, and the length of the second stand column is contracted only under the condition of loading the bent pipe.
Furthermore, the free ends of the first upright post and the second upright post are both hemispherical curved surfaces.
Has the advantages that: this technical scheme adopts the structure of spherical curved surface to reduce the edge of stand, avoid causing the damage to the return bend because of the edge of stand.
Furthermore, the included angle between the central axis of the first upright post and the horizontal plane of the second upright post is 5-30 degrees.
Has the advantages that: this technical scheme is through the inclination of optimizing the stand to when guaranteeing return bend slope fixed action, also can avoid because of the too big problem that leads to the return bend landing of inclination.
Further, first stand all is equipped with a plurality of granule archs with the second stand outer wall.
Has the advantages that: this technical scheme is protruding through add the granule at the outer wall of stand to increase the frictional force between stand and the return bend, improve the stand and to the fixed stability of return bend.
Further, the support frame is of a cuboid frame-shaped structure.
Has the advantages that: this technical scheme adopts the support frame of cuboid frame column structure, has the advantage that simple structure is convenient for machine-shaping on the one hand, and on the other hand also because cuboid looks adjacent surface mutually perpendicular to the fixed of support frame of putting.
Furthermore, a hanging lug is welded and fixed at the top end of the support frame.
Has the advantages that: this technical scheme utilizes the hangers of fixing on the support frame, realizes utilizing the hangers to the purpose of hanging of support frame to the operating personnel transport shifts the support frame.
Furthermore, a cushion block is welded and fixed at the bottom of the support frame.
Has the advantages that: this technical scheme is through at the bottom welded fastening cushion of support frame to the realization utilizes the cushion and meets the department with horizontal ground, with the stability of reinforcing the support frame under the static state of placing.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a hanger for galvanizing a bent pipe according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front sectional view of the bent pipe assembled by the hanger for galvanizing the bent pipe according to the first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a front sectional view of the bent pipe assembled by the hanger for galvanizing the bent pipe according to the second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a partially enlarged schematic view of a portion a of fig. 3.
Detailed Description
The following is further detailed by way of specific embodiments:
reference numerals in the drawings of the specification include: the support frame comprises a lower support frame 1, a support column 2, an upper support frame 3, a hanging lug 4, a first support rod 5, a second support rod 6, a first upright post 7, a second upright post 8, a cushion block 9, a fixed rod 10, a sleeve 11, an annular baffle 12 and a pressure spring 13.
Example one
Substantially as shown in figures 1 and 2: the hanging tool for galvanizing the bent pipe comprises a support, wherein the support comprises an upper supporting frame 3 and a lower supporting frame 1. Lower floor's braced frame 1 is rectangle frame column structure, and four corner roof of lower floor's braced frame 1 are vertical welded fastening respectively have a support column 2, and four support columns 2 shape size structures are the same. The top of support column 2 is fixed with upper carriage 3 through welded fastening, and upper carriage 3 is rectangle frame column structure, and welded fastening has a hangers 4 on the roof of two relative sides of upper carriage 3 separately, and hangers 4 are vertical to be fixed at the top of upper carriage 3. Five rows of first supporting rods 5 which are parallel to each other are arranged in a rectangular frame enclosed by the upper supporting frame 3, and the two axial ends of the first supporting rods 5 are respectively welded and fixed on the inner walls of the upper supporting frame 3 on the two opposite sides. Four rows of second support rods 6 which are parallel to each other are horizontally arranged in a rectangular frame enclosed by the lower support frame 1, and the two axial ends of each second support rod 6 are respectively welded and fixed on the inner walls of the lower support frame 1 on the two opposite sides.
The first support rod 5 and the second support rod 6 are axially parallel to each other, and the first support rod 5 and the second support rod 6 are staggered in the vertical direction. Six first upright posts 7 extend out of the side wall of the first support rod 5 along the radial direction, six second upright posts 8 extend out of the side wall of the second support rod 6 along the radial direction, and the first upright posts 7 and the second upright posts 8 are identical in size and structure and are parallel to each other in the axial direction. The free ends of the first upright post 7 and the second upright post 8 are both hemispherical curved surfaces, and a plurality of particle bulges are arranged on the outer walls of the first upright post 7 and the second upright post 8. The first upright post 7 and the second upright post 8 are respectively arranged along the axial direction of the first support rod 5 and the second support rod 6 at equal intervals in sequence. The inclination angles of the first upright post 7 and the second upright post 8 are the same and are both 15 degrees. The first upright post 7 on the first support bar 5 and the second upright post 8 on the second support bar 6 are staggered with each other in the vertical direction. The bottom of the lower supporting frame 1 is fixedly provided with two cushion blocks 9 with the same size and structure through welding.
The specific implementation process is as follows: firstly, an operator puts the Jiong-shaped bent pipe with two ends bent towards the same side into the hanger, wherein the specific putting mode is that the upper half part of the bent pipe is abutted between the adjacent first upright posts 7 of the upper layer supporting frame 3, and the lower half part of the bent pipe is inserted into the second upright post 8 of the lower layer supporting frame 1. The bent pipe is fixedly connected with the second upright post 8 of the lower supporting frame 1 in an inserting mode through the limiting blocking of the first upright post 7 of the upper supporting frame 3, and finally the technical effect that the bent pipe is fixed on the hanging tool is achieved. In addition, the structure uses the connecting part of the cushion block 9 and the horizontal ground to enhance the stability of the hanger in the static placing state.
Example two
The difference between the present embodiment and the first embodiment is that, as shown in fig. 3 and fig. 4, the second column 8 includes a fixed rod 10 and a sleeve 11, and the sleeve 11 is slidably connected to the fixed rod 10 along the axial direction. Wherein the fixed rod 10 is welded and fixed on the outer wall of the first supporting rod 5, and the included angle of the fixed rod 10 relative to the horizontal plane is 15 degrees. An annular baffle 12 is fixed on one side of the outer wall of the sleeve 11, which is close to the second support rod 6, along the circumferential direction in a welding mode, and the outer diameter of the annular baffle 12 is larger than the outer diameter of the end portion of the elbow pipe by 8 mm. A pressure spring 13 is further inserted and fixed between the inner wall of the sleeve 11 and the free end of the fixed rod 10, and the sleeve 11 abuts against the outer wall of the second support rod 6 in the state of extreme compression of the pressure spring 13.
The specific implementation process comprises the following steps: in the process of fixing the bottom of the elbow pipe on the second upright post 8, the hole at the end part of the elbow pipe is inserted into the sleeve 11, and the outer wall at the end part of the elbow pipe is pressed against the outer wall of the annular baffle 12, so that the zinc liquid is effectively prevented from entering the inside of the elbow pipe. In the process, the sleeve 11 is close to the fixed rod 10 along the axial direction of the sleeve 11 under the action of the gravity of the bent pipe, and finally the technical effect of automatically contracting the hanger space occupied by the bent pipe is achieved.
The foregoing is merely an example of the present invention and common general knowledge of known specific structures and features of the embodiments is not described herein in any greater detail. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the structure of the present invention, several changes and modifications can be made, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicability of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. The utility model provides a bent pipe hanger for galvanization, includes the support frame, its characterized in that: two layers of a plurality of support rods are respectively fixed in the support frame from top to bottom, the upper layer of support rods and the lower layer of support rods are parallel to each other, the support rod positioned on the upper layer is a first support rod, the support rod positioned on the lower layer of support rods is a second support rod, the first support rod and the second support rod are mutually staggered in the vertical direction, and the first support rod is respectively and sequentially fixed with a plurality of first vertical columns which are parallel to each other along the axial direction; a plurality of second vertical columns which are parallel to each other are sequentially fixed on the second supporting rod along the axial direction; the first upright columns and the second upright columns are staggered in the vertical direction;
the second stand includes fixed rod and sleeve, fixed rod fixed connection in the second bracing piece, sleeve sliding connection is on the second stand.
2. The hanger for galvanizing the elbow pipe according to claim 1, wherein: the outer wall of the second upright post is coaxially and fixedly connected with an annular baffle used for abutting against the end part of the elbow.
3. The hanger for galvanizing the elbow pipe according to claim 1, wherein: and a pressure spring is fixedly connected between the inner wall of the sleeve and the free end of the fixed rod.
4. The hanger for galvanizing the elbow pipe according to claim 1, wherein: the free ends of the first stand column and the second stand column are both hemispherical curved surfaces.
5. The hanger for galvanizing the elbow pipe according to claim 4, wherein: the included angle between the central axis of the first upright post and the horizontal plane of the second upright post is 5-30 degrees.
6. The hanger for galvanizing the elbow pipe according to claim 5, wherein: first stand all is equipped with a plurality of granule archs with the second stand outer wall.
7. The hanger for galvanizing the elbow pipe according to claim 1, wherein: the support frame is of a cuboid frame-shaped structure.
8. The hanger for galvanizing the elbow pipe according to claim 7, wherein: and the top end of the support frame is fixedly welded with a suspension loop.
9. The hanger for galvanizing the elbow pipe according to claim 8, wherein: and a cushion block is welded and fixed at the bottom of the support frame.
CN202010085362.0A 2020-02-10 2020-02-10 Hanger for galvanizing of bent pipe Active CN111155045B (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202010085362.0A CN111155045B (en) 2020-02-10 2020-02-10 Hanger for galvanizing of bent pipe

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202010085362.0A CN111155045B (en) 2020-02-10 2020-02-10 Hanger for galvanizing of bent pipe

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN111155045A CN111155045A (en) 2020-05-15
CN111155045B true CN111155045B (en) 2021-11-16

Family

ID=70565495

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202010085362.0A Active CN111155045B (en) 2020-02-10 2020-02-10 Hanger for galvanizing of bent pipe

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN111155045B (en)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR102466548B1 (en) * 2020-11-26 2022-11-14 수림산업(주) Zig for hot dip galvanzing
CN117089796B (en) * 2023-10-13 2024-03-05 兴化市华成镀锌管件有限公司 Steel pipe hot galvanizing device

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN205933994U (en) * 2016-08-12 2017-02-08 常州广宇蓝天表面技术科技发展有限公司 Zinc -plating hanger
CN206375973U (en) * 2016-12-13 2017-08-04 郑英 A kind of multi-functional pile hanger of galvanizing by dipping
CN108060381A (en) * 2016-11-05 2018-05-22 天津市津南区利兴热镀锌加工厂 A kind of galvanizing hanger

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN205933994U (en) * 2016-08-12 2017-02-08 常州广宇蓝天表面技术科技发展有限公司 Zinc -plating hanger
CN108060381A (en) * 2016-11-05 2018-05-22 天津市津南区利兴热镀锌加工厂 A kind of galvanizing hanger
CN206375973U (en) * 2016-12-13 2017-08-04 郑英 A kind of multi-functional pile hanger of galvanizing by dipping

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN111155045A (en) 2020-05-15

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN111155045B (en) Hanger for galvanizing of bent pipe
US20090152223A1 (en) Wine rack
CN205777425U (en) A kind of scalable hanging basket support means
CN201712767U (en) Supporting rod and adjustable jig frame comprising same
CN106049692A (en) Light steel house connecting structure
KR200470599Y1 (en) Prefabricate shelf
CN105922222A (en) Special bracket for tool bolts
CN212535007U (en) Cantilever platform for dismantling cantilever frame in segmented mode
CN205766064U (en) A kind of frock bolt bracket
CN214107553U (en) Hanging tool beneficial to powder spraying
CN104989005B (en) A kind of two-fold line style TMD control systems
CN204435822U (en) A kind of hanging basket support
CN202698714U (en) Clothes and hat hanger
JPH06294214A (en) Pillar reinforcement preassembling jig
CN219848753U (en) Dustproof atomizer
CN205840001U (en) A kind of light steel house connecting structure
CN205480869U (en) Photographic ceiling lamp support of using
CN214626280U (en) Hanging bracket
CN219299374U (en) Underground temporary pipeline support
CN216665201U (en) Tower frame type single-pipe steel chimney combined with desulfurization absorption tower
CN2273324Y (en) Clothesshorse
CN215670925U (en) High-rise outer wall overhanging deformation-resistant overturn-preventing scaffold
CN210425846U (en) Railing type double-layer drying rack
CN214628843U (en) Green support frame of planting of water planting
CN203675983U (en) Ham fermenting salting airing hanger frame

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
GR01 Patent grant
GR01 Patent grant