CN111154495A - Preparation and application methods of novel desert soil conditioner - Google Patents
Preparation and application methods of novel desert soil conditioner Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111154495A CN111154495A CN202010007604.4A CN202010007604A CN111154495A CN 111154495 A CN111154495 A CN 111154495A CN 202010007604 A CN202010007604 A CN 202010007604A CN 111154495 A CN111154495 A CN 111154495A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- attapulgite
- powder
- soil
- soil conditioner
- portions
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/40—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2101/00—Agricultural use
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2105/00—Erosion prevention
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural soil improvement, in particular to a preparation method of a macromolecular soil conditioner; the macromolecular soil conditioner comprises the following components: the weight portions of the active calcium carbonate powder are 40-60 portions, the potassium acrylate is 20-30 portions, the styrene is 15-20 portions, the 2, 4-dimethyl-ethane is 6-8 portions, the acid-base regulator is 3-5 portions, the auxiliary agent is 10-20 portions, the initiator is 3-5 portions, the reducing agent is 4-6 portions, the water is 100-200 portions, and the strong acid is 60-80 portions; according to the invention, a macromolecular network structure is formed on the surface of active calcium carbonate powder through the added substances, and then active calcium carbonate is dissolved by using strong acid, so that a hollow network macromolecular structure is prepared, and after the hollow network macromolecular structure is used, soluble ions and the like in saline-alkali soil and heavy metal ions in soil can be adsorbed to form water-insoluble solid particles, so that the contents of salt and heavy metal in the saline-alkali soil are reduced, and the effect of improving the soil is achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of desert soil treatment, in particular to a preparation method and a use method of a novel desert soil conditioner.
Background
The total area of the deserts of China, including the gobi and the sand land of the semiarid area, reaches 130.8 ten thousand square kilometers, and accounts for about 13.6 percent of the total area of the land in China. Wherein the sandy desert accounts for 45.3 percent, the sandy land accounts for 11.2 percent, and the Gobi accounts for 43.5 percent. In sandy deserts and areas of sand, mobile dunes account for 62.4, semi-fixed, fixed dunes account for 33.6, and aeolian land accounts for 4%. In the gobi, the gobi mainly having the erosion effect accounts for 32% of the total area of the gobi, and the rest is the gobi mainly having the flood and alluvial effect. According to incomplete statistics, the desert all over the world is increasing at a fast speed, so that the desert control is an obligation of countries and people all over the world.
At present, the desert control method mainly plants ecological forests to control desertification, but because the soil conditions in desert areas are limited, the water consumption is large and the planting effect of vegetation is poor, the development of methods or modifying agents capable of modifying the desert soil is urgently needed. The problems that water in the soil is leaked and evaporated quickly, and organic matters and fertility are lacked in the soil need to be solved for improving the desert soil, and the condition that the soil is in a scattered structure and is not gathered is changed. The sludge yield of China is increased year by year, and the sludge proper treatment rate is very low. But the sludge is rich in nitrogen, phosphorus and trace elements necessary for plants, so that the sludge becomes a fertilizer with great potential; the sludge becomes a potential soil conditioner due to the rich organic matters and the agents such as PAM added in the sludge dewatering workshop. Chinese patent publication No. CN106489340A discloses an apparatus and method for improving desert soil by mixing sludge with desert soil, in which sewage plant sludge is directly mixed with desert soil, and although the improvement of desert soil can be basically achieved, since sewage plant sludge contains a certain amount of heavy metals and is directly mixed with desert soil without treatment, there will be a proper amount of harmful bacteria and harmful organic pollutants, which will cause another kind of harm.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to make up the defects of the prior art and provides a preparation method and a use method of a novel desert soil conditioner.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a preparation and application method of a novel desert soil conditioner comprises the following specific steps:
(1) after the urban sludge is subjected to standing degradation for 1.5-2 days, the total solid suspension concentration reaches 15000-20000mg/L, then 0.03-0.05mol/L nitric acid is added for stirring for 30-40 minutes, the sludge after uniform stirring is subjected to ultrasonic crushing, is centrifuged for 30-minutes at the speed of 4000-4500 r/min, and finally is dried for 40-50 minutes in a blast drying box at the temperature of 30-40 ℃ until the urban sludge powder with heavy metals removed is ready for use;
(2) crushing attapulgite raw soil, sieving with a 100-mesh sieve to obtain attapulgite powder, and modifying with sulfuric acid to obtain acid-modified attapulgite for later use; adding acid modified attapulgite into 10-12 times of deionized water, then adding a proper amount of acrylamide, uniformly stirring, adding an initiator potassium persulfate and a cross-linking agent N-N' methylene acrylamide, introducing nitrogen to remove oxygen for 20-30 minutes, and polymerizing the aqueous solution in a water bath at 50-55 ℃ for 2.5-3 hours to obtain a polymerization product;
(3) crushing the polymerization product obtained in the step (2), weighing a proper amount of the crushed polymerization product, adding the crushed polymerization product into 1.5mol/L sodium hydroxide solution according to the solid-to-liquid ratio of 1 (5-6), heating to 70-75 ℃, saponifying for 90-120 minutes, adding deionized water of which the amount is 4-5 times of the total amount of reactants, uniformly stirring, drying, and crushing to obtain attapulgite-based polymer sand fixing powder;
(4) the plant rubber powder, the urban sludge powder for removing heavy metals and the attapulgite-based polymer sand fixation powder are compounded according to the proportion and are uniformly mixed to obtain the desert soil conditioner.
The method for preparing the novel desert soil conditioner comprises the step (1) of adding nitric acid, wherein the concentration of the nitric acid in sludge after the nitric acid is added is controlled to be 0.01-0.1mol/L, and the concentration of the nitric acid is further preferably 0.05 mol/L.
A preparation method of a novel desert soil conditioner comprises the step (1) of ultrasonic crushing, wherein the specific conditions are that the ultrasonic frequency is controlled to be 20-40KHz, the ultrasonic power density is 2-2.4W/mL, and the ultrasonic time is 25-35 min.
A preparation method of a novel desert soil conditioner is characterized in that the attapulgite powder is modified by sulfuric acid in the step (2), and the preparation method specifically comprises the following steps: mixing attapulgite powder and sulfuric acid according to a solid-to-liquid ratio of 1:10, stirring and reacting for 10-12 hours at normal temperature, washing with deionized water for 2-3 times, placing in a constant-temperature drying device, drying at the temperature of 105-110 ℃, grinding and sieving with a 200-mesh sieve to obtain the attapulgite/sulfuric acid composite material.
A preparation method of a novel desert soil conditioner is characterized in that the addition amount of acrylamide in the step (3) is 10 times of the mass of acid modified attapulgite; the addition amount of the initiator potassium persulfate is 0.013 percent of the mass of the acid modified attapulgite; the addition amount of the cross-linking agent N-N' methylene acrylamide is 0.01 percent of the mass of the acid modified attapulgite.
By adopting the technical scheme to prepare the novel desert soil improvement, firstly, the urban sludge which is one of the raw materials is treated: the method comprises the steps of standing the municipal sludge for natural sedimentation for a period of time to enable the concentration of total suspended solids to reach an ideal concentration, adding nitric acid for acidification, dissolving and releasing part of heavy metals in the sludge, dissolving out the heavy metals in the sludge under the action of ultrasound under the appropriate ultrasonic condition, and achieving the purpose of removing the heavy metals in the sludge.
Secondly, preparing acid modified attapulgite polymer-based sand-fixing powder: due to the special chain lamellar crystal structure of the attapulgite, the attapulgite has a plurality of unique physical and chemical properties due to the structure, the attapulgite is modified by acid and then has active hydroxyl, and through the polymerization reaction with components such as polyacrylamide, potassium persulfate and the like, a macromolecular group can be introduced into the modified attapulgite through the adsorption and bridging effect, so that the modified attapulgite has better water absorption, water retention and adsorption.
Finally, the modifier is compounded through reasonable component proportion, the plant rubber powder is used as a binder, the harm that high molecules are not degradable is avoided, and the adhesiveness and the water retention of the modifier are further improved through compounding of the modifier, the plant rubber powder and the binder.
A preparation method of a novel desert soil conditioner comprises the step (4) of compounding plant rubber powder, urban sludge powder for removing heavy metals and attapulgite-based polymer sand stabilization powder according to a ratio of 1:2:1, wherein the plant rubber powder is one of gum arabic, glutinous rice glue, starch glue, peach glue and rosin glue.
A method for using a novel desert soil conditioner is characterized in that the prepared novel desert soil conditioner is uniformly mixed with sand and fertilizer necessary for plant growth according to a certain proportion to prepare mixed sand for later use; burying a layer of mulching film under the surface layer of sandy soil, then uniformly spreading mixed sandy soil on the desert surface in which the mulching film is buried, wherein the thickness of the spreading layer of the mixed sandy soil is 8-12cm, and then uniformly watering the spreading layer by water, thus carrying out cultivation of green plants.
The application method of the novel desert soil conditioner is characterized in that the conditioner, sandy soil and fertilizers necessary for plant growth are uniformly mixed according to a certain proportion, namely, about 10 kg of the conditioner and about 2 kg of the fertilizers are added into each ton of the sandy soil for mixing.
A novel desert soil conditioner using method, the fertilizer necessary for plant growth is the traditional compound fertilizer needed for plant growth.
The application method of the novel desert soil conditioner is characterized in that the degradable mulching film is a specially-made polyethylene film with micropores, and the burying depth is controlled to be 30-40 cm below the surface layer of the sandy soil.
By adopting the technical scheme to use the novel desert soil conditioner, a layer of mulching film with micropores is covered in the depth of 30-40 cm below the surface layer of the desert to be improved, so that the infiltration of water in the surface sand can be effectively prevented, and the water on the surface layer of the soil can be kept; the novel modifier and the sandy soil are mixed according to a reasonable proportion and then covered on the surface layer of the sandy soil again, and after the novel modifier and the sandy soil are uniformly and thoroughly watered by sprinkling water, the surface layer of the sandy soil can contain rich water; the two treatments are effectively combined, so that the water content of the surface layer of the soil in the desert is further ensured, and the planting of green plants in the next step can be carried out.
The invention has the advantages that: the novel desert soil conditioner prepared by the invention bonds the sand spread on the layer together, and forms a protective shell on the earth surface, so that the sand cannot fly with wind storm, sand dunes are fixed, and sand storm cannot be formed; the protective shell is permeable and breathable, has the effect of water retention, can enable rainwater to smoothly pass through the protective shell and be absorbed and stored by the lower desert, and is beneficial to vegetation growth.
Detailed Description
Example 1
A preparation and application method of a novel desert soil conditioner comprises the following specific steps:
(1) after the municipal sludge is kept stand and degraded for 1.5 days, the total solid suspension concentration reaches 15000mg/L, then 0.03mol/L nitric acid is added to be stirred for 30 minutes, the sludge after being stirred uniformly is subjected to ultrasonic crushing, the ultrasonic frequency is controlled to be 30KHz, the ultrasonic power density is 2.2W/mL, the ultrasonic time is 30 minutes, then the sludge is centrifuged for 30 minutes at the speed of 4000 revolutions per minute, and finally the sludge is put into a blast drying box to be dried for 40 minutes at the temperature of 30 ℃ until the municipal sludge powder with heavy metals removed is ready for use;
(2) pulverizing attapulgite raw soil, sieving with a 100-mesh sieve to obtain attapulgite powder, mixing the attapulgite powder with sulfuric acid according to a solid-to-liquid ratio of 1:10, stirring at normal temperature for reaction for 10 hours, washing with deionized water for 2 times, drying in a constant-temperature drying device at 105 ℃, grinding, and sieving with a 200-mesh sieve to obtain acid-modified attapulgite for later use; adding acid modified attapulgite into 10 times of deionized water, then adding acrylamide which is 10 times of the weight of the acid modified attapulgite, uniformly stirring, adding an initiator potassium persulfate which is 0.013% of the weight of the acid modified attapulgite and a cross-linking agent N-N' -methylene acrylamide which is 0.01% of the weight of the acid modified attapulgite, introducing nitrogen to remove oxygen for 20 minutes, and polymerizing the aqueous solution in a water bath at 50 ℃ for 2.5 hours to obtain a polymerization product;
(3) crushing the polymerization product obtained in the step (2), weighing a proper amount of the crushed polymerization product, adding the crushed polymerization product into 1.5mol/L sodium hydroxide solution according to the solid-to-liquid ratio of 1:5, heating to 70 ℃, saponifying for 90 minutes, adding deionized water in an amount which is 4 times of the total amount of reactants, stirring uniformly, drying, and crushing to obtain attapulgite-based polymer sand fixing powder;
(4) compounding Arabic gum powder, urban sludge powder for removing heavy metals and attapulgite-based polymer sand stabilization powder according to the proportion of 1:2:1, and uniformly mixing to obtain the desert soil conditioner.
A novel desert soil amendment is used, the novel desert soil amendment is mixed according to the proportion that about 10 kg of amendment and about 2 kg of compound fertilizer are added into each ton of sand soil to prepare mixed sand soil for standby; burying a layer of mulching film with micropores 35 cm below the surface layer of sandy soil, then uniformly spreading mixed sandy soil on the desert surface in which the mulching film is buried, wherein the thickness of the spreading layer of the mixed sandy soil is 8cm, and then uniformly watering the spreading layer by water, thus carrying out green plant cultivation.
After the improved desert soil is kept stand in the natural environment for 2 days in spring 4 months, the earth surface and the underground sand are wet, the desert soil has good water retention, splendid achnatherum seeds and fine sand are uniformly mixed according to the weight ratio of 1:10, the depth of soil covering on the improved sand block is 2cm, seeding is carried out, after 5 days, splendid achnatherum gradually germinates and grows, and other fertilizers do not need to be added into the modified soil.
Example 2
A preparation and application method of a novel desert soil conditioner comprises the following specific steps:
(1) after the municipal sludge is kept stand and degraded for 1.5 days, the total solid suspension concentration reaches 15000mg/L, then 0.05mol/L nitric acid is added to be stirred for 30 minutes, the sludge after being stirred uniformly is subjected to ultrasonic crushing, the ultrasonic frequency is controlled to be 30KHz, the ultrasonic power density is 2.2W/mL, the ultrasonic time is 30 minutes, then the sludge is centrifuged for 30 minutes at the speed of 4000 revolutions per minute, and finally the sludge is put into a blast drying box to be dried for 40 minutes at the temperature of 30 ℃ until the municipal sludge powder with heavy metals removed is ready for use;
(2) pulverizing attapulgite raw soil, sieving with a 100-mesh sieve to obtain attapulgite powder, mixing the attapulgite powder with sulfuric acid according to a solid-to-liquid ratio of 1:10, stirring at normal temperature for reaction for 10 hours, washing with deionized water for 2 times, drying in a constant-temperature drying device at 105 ℃, grinding, and sieving with a 200-mesh sieve to obtain acid-modified attapulgite for later use; adding acid modified attapulgite into 10 times of deionized water, then adding acrylamide which is 10 times of the weight of the acid modified attapulgite, uniformly stirring, adding an initiator potassium persulfate which is 0.013% of the weight of the acid modified attapulgite and a cross-linking agent N-N' -methylene acrylamide which is 0.01% of the weight of the acid modified attapulgite, introducing nitrogen to remove oxygen for 20 minutes, and polymerizing the aqueous solution in a water bath at 50 ℃ for 2.5 hours to obtain a polymerization product;
(3) crushing the polymerization product obtained in the step (2), weighing a proper amount of the crushed polymerization product, adding the crushed polymerization product into 1.5mol/L sodium hydroxide solution according to the solid-to-liquid ratio of 1:5, heating to 70 ℃, saponifying for 90 minutes, adding deionized water in an amount which is 4 times of the total amount of reactants, stirring uniformly, drying, and crushing to obtain attapulgite-based polymer sand fixing powder;
(4) according to the proportion of 1:2:1, peach gum powder, urban sludge powder for removing heavy metals and attapulgite-based polymer sand fixation powder are compounded and uniformly mixed to obtain the desert soil conditioner.
A novel desert soil amendment is used, the novel desert soil amendment is mixed according to the proportion that about 10 kg of amendment and about 2 kg of compound fertilizer are added into each ton of sand soil to prepare mixed sand soil for standby; burying a layer of mulching film with micropores 35 cm below the surface layer of sandy soil, then uniformly spreading mixed sandy soil on the desert surface in which the mulching film is buried, wherein the thickness of the spreading layer of the mixed sandy soil is 8cm, and then uniformly watering the spreading layer by water, thus carrying out green plant cultivation.
After the improved desert soil is kept stand in the natural environment for 2 days in spring 4 months, the earth surface and the underground sand land are in a moist state, the desert soil has good water retention, cotton seeds are sown on the surface of the improved sand land, the soil covering depth is 5cm, film mulching cultivation is carried out, the cotton seeds gradually germinate and grow after 8 days, and other fertilizers do not need to be added into the modified soil.
Example 3
A preparation and application method of a novel desert soil conditioner comprises the following specific steps:
(1) after the municipal sludge is kept stand and degraded for 1.5 days, the total solid suspension concentration reaches 15000mg/L, then 0.04mol/L nitric acid is added to be stirred for 30 minutes, the sludge after being stirred uniformly is subjected to ultrasonic crushing, the ultrasonic frequency is controlled to be 30KHz, the ultrasonic power density is 2.2W/mL, the ultrasonic time is 30 minutes, then the sludge is centrifuged for 30 minutes at the speed of 4000 revolutions per minute, and finally the sludge is put into a blast drying box to be dried for 40 minutes at the temperature of 30 ℃ until the municipal sludge powder with heavy metals removed is ready for use;
(2) pulverizing attapulgite raw soil, sieving with a 100-mesh sieve to obtain attapulgite powder, mixing the attapulgite powder with sulfuric acid according to a solid-to-liquid ratio of 1:10, stirring at normal temperature for reaction for 10 hours, washing with deionized water for 2 times, drying in a constant-temperature drying device at 105 ℃, grinding, and sieving with a 200-mesh sieve to obtain acid-modified attapulgite for later use; adding acid modified attapulgite into 10 times of deionized water, then adding acrylamide which is 10 times of the weight of the acid modified attapulgite, uniformly stirring, adding an initiator potassium persulfate which is 0.013% of the weight of the acid modified attapulgite and a cross-linking agent N-N' -methylene acrylamide which is 0.01% of the weight of the acid modified attapulgite, introducing nitrogen to remove oxygen for 20 minutes, and polymerizing the aqueous solution in a water bath at 50 ℃ for 2.5 hours to obtain a polymerization product;
(3) crushing the polymerization product obtained in the step (2), weighing a proper amount of the crushed polymerization product, adding the crushed polymerization product into 1.5mol/L sodium hydroxide solution according to the solid-to-liquid ratio of 1:5, heating to 70 ℃, saponifying for 90 minutes, adding deionized water in an amount which is 4 times of the total amount of reactants, stirring uniformly, drying, and crushing to obtain attapulgite-based polymer sand fixing powder;
(4) according to the proportion of 1:2:1, glutinous rice glue powder, urban sludge powder for removing heavy metals and attapulgite-based polymer sand fixation powder are compounded and uniformly mixed to obtain the desert soil conditioner.
A novel desert soil amendment is used, the novel desert soil amendment is mixed according to the proportion that about 10 kg of amendment and about 2 kg of compound fertilizer are added into each ton of sand soil to prepare mixed sand soil for standby; burying a layer of mulching film with micropores 35 cm below the surface layer of sandy soil, then uniformly spreading mixed sandy soil on the desert surface in which the mulching film is buried, wherein the thickness of the spreading layer of the mixed sandy soil is 8cm, and then uniformly watering the spreading layer by water, thus carrying out green plant cultivation.
After the improved desert soil is kept stand in the natural environment for 2 days in spring 4 months, the earth surface and the underground sand land are in a moist state, the desert soil has good water retention, wheat seeds are sown on the surface of the improved sand land, the soil covering depth is 5cm, the wheat seeds are sown, after 7 days, the wheat seeds gradually germinate and grow, and other fertilizers do not need to be added into the modified soil.
Example 4
A preparation and application method of a novel desert soil conditioner comprises the following specific steps:
(1) after the municipal sludge is kept stand and degraded for 1.5 days, the total solid suspension concentration reaches 15000mg/L, then 0.05mol/L nitric acid is added to be stirred for 30 minutes, the sludge after being stirred uniformly is subjected to ultrasonic crushing, the ultrasonic frequency is controlled to be 30KHz, the ultrasonic power density is 2.2W/mL, the ultrasonic time is 30 minutes, then the sludge is centrifuged for 30 minutes at the speed of 4000 revolutions per minute, and finally the sludge is put into a blast drying box to be dried for 40 minutes at the temperature of 30 ℃ until the municipal sludge powder with heavy metals removed is ready for use;
(2) pulverizing attapulgite raw soil, sieving with a 100-mesh sieve to obtain attapulgite powder, mixing the attapulgite powder with sulfuric acid according to a solid-to-liquid ratio of 1:10, stirring at normal temperature for reaction for 10 hours, washing with deionized water for 2 times, drying in a constant-temperature drying device at 105 ℃, grinding, and sieving with a 200-mesh sieve to obtain acid-modified attapulgite for later use; adding acid modified attapulgite into 10 times of deionized water, then adding acrylamide which is 10 times of the weight of the acid modified attapulgite, uniformly stirring, adding an initiator potassium persulfate which is 0.013% of the weight of the acid modified attapulgite and a cross-linking agent N-N' -methylene acrylamide which is 0.01% of the weight of the acid modified attapulgite, introducing nitrogen to remove oxygen for 20 minutes, and polymerizing the aqueous solution in a water bath at 50 ℃ for 2.5 hours to obtain a polymerization product;
(3) crushing the polymerization product obtained in the step (2), weighing a proper amount of the crushed polymerization product, adding the crushed polymerization product into 1.5mol/L sodium hydroxide solution according to the solid-to-liquid ratio of 1:5, heating to 70 ℃, saponifying for 90 minutes, adding deionized water in an amount which is 4 times of the total amount of reactants, stirring uniformly, drying, and crushing to obtain attapulgite-based polymer sand fixing powder;
(4) according to the proportion of 1:2:1, glutinous rice glue powder, urban sludge powder for removing heavy metals and attapulgite-based polymer sand fixation powder are compounded and uniformly mixed to obtain the desert soil conditioner.
A novel desert soil amendment is used, the novel desert soil amendment is mixed according to the proportion that about 10 kg of amendment and about 2 kg of compound fertilizer are added into each ton of sand soil to prepare mixed sand soil for standby; burying a layer of mulching film with micropores 35 cm below the surface layer of sandy soil, then uniformly spreading mixed sandy soil on the desert surface in which the mulching film is buried, wherein the thickness of the spreading layer of the mixed sandy soil is 8cm, and then uniformly watering the spreading layer by water, thus carrying out green plant cultivation.
After the improved desert soil is kept stand in the natural environment for 2 days in spring 4 months, the earth surface and the underground sand land are in a moist state, the desert soil has good water retention, then the apocynum venetum rhizome propagation is carried out on the surface of the improved sand land, the seed loading is carried out at the soil covering depth of 10cm, watering is carried out, seedlings gradually emerge after 30 days, and other fertilizers do not need to be added into the modified soil.
Example 5 (comparative example 1)
Drip irrigation and watering are carried out on sandy soil in spring 4 months, the ground is wet to be 10cm thick, and the sandy soil is completely dried in the next day; mixing splendid achnatherum seeds and fine sand uniformly according to the weight ratio of 1:10, covering soil with the depth of 2cm for sowing, then irrigating, wetting the sand to the thickness of 10cm until the 7 th day, wherein the splendid achnatherum does not sprout.
The preparation and application methods of the novel desert soil conditioner provided by the invention are as follows through comparison of examples 1-4 and example 5: the result is that splendid achnatherum planted directly on sand under the same planting conditions is not grown; splendid achnatherum, apocynum venetum, wheat and cotton on the land for treating desertification soil through the soil conditioner have good germination growth or survival, and the plants do not need additional fertilization and watering in the germination process, because the soil conditioner fully contains the fertilizer required by plant growth, and meanwhile, the soil conditioner has good water retention and moisture retention effects.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation and application method of a novel desert soil conditioner is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
(1) after the municipal sludge is kept stand and degraded for 1.5 to 2 days, the total solid suspension concentration reaches between 15000-20000mg/L, then 0.03 to 0.05mol/L of nitric acid is added for stirring for 30 to 40 minutes, the sludge after uniform stirring is subjected to ultrasonic crushing, is centrifuged for 30 minutes at the speed of 4000-4500 r/min, and finally is put into a blast drying box for drying for 40 to 50 minutes at the temperature of 30 to 40 ℃ until the municipal sludge powder with heavy metals removed is used for standby;
(2) crushing attapulgite raw soil, sieving with a 100-mesh sieve to obtain attapulgite powder, and modifying with sulfuric acid to obtain acid-modified attapulgite for later use; adding acid modified attapulgite into 10-12 times of deionized water, then adding a proper amount of acrylamide, uniformly stirring, adding an initiator potassium persulfate and a cross-linking agent N-N' methylene acrylamide, introducing nitrogen to remove oxygen for 20-30 minutes, and polymerizing the aqueous solution in a water bath at 50-55 ℃ for 2.5-3 hours to obtain a polymerization product;
(3) crushing the polymerization product obtained in the step (2), weighing a proper amount of the crushed polymerization product, adding the crushed polymerization product into 1.5mol/L sodium hydroxide solution according to the solid-to-liquid ratio of 1 (5-6), heating to 70-75 ℃, saponifying for 90-120 minutes, adding deionized water of which the amount is 4-5 times of the total amount of reactants, uniformly stirring, drying, and crushing to obtain attapulgite-based polymer sand fixing powder;
(4) the plant rubber powder, the urban sludge powder for removing heavy metals and the attapulgite-based polymer sand fixation powder are compounded according to the proportion and are uniformly mixed to obtain the desert soil conditioner.
2. The method for preparing a novel desert soil conditioner as claimed in claim 1, wherein the adding of nitric acid in step (1) means that the concentration of nitric acid in the sludge after adding nitric acid is controlled to be 0.01-0.1 mol/L.
3. The method for preparing a novel desert soil conditioner as claimed in claim 1, wherein the ultrasonic pulverization of step (1) is carried out under the specific conditions that the ultrasonic frequency is controlled to be between 20 and 40KHz, the ultrasonic power density is between 2 and 2.4W/mL, and the ultrasonic time is between 25 and 35 min.
4. The method for preparing a novel desert soil conditioner as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step (2) of modifying the attapulgite powder with sulfuric acid comprises the following specific operations: mixing attapulgite powder and sulfuric acid according to a solid-to-liquid ratio of 1:10, stirring and reacting for 10-12 hours at normal temperature, washing with deionized water for 2-3 times, placing in a constant-temperature drying device, drying at the temperature of 105-110 ℃, grinding and sieving with a 200-mesh sieve to obtain the attapulgite/sulfuric acid composite material.
5. The method for preparing a novel desert soil conditioner as claimed in claim 1, wherein the amount of the acrylamide added in the step (3) is 10 times of the mass of the acid-modified attapulgite; the addition amount of the initiator potassium persulfate is 0.013 percent of the mass of the acid modified attapulgite; the addition amount of the cross-linking agent N-N' methylene acrylamide is 0.01 percent of the mass of the acid modified attapulgite.
6. The preparation method of the novel desert soil conditioner as claimed in claim 1, wherein the compounding of the plant gum powder with the municipal sludge powder for removing heavy metals and the attapulgite-based polymer sand stabilization powder according to the proportion in step (4) is carried out according to the proportion of 1:2:1, wherein the plant gum powder is one of gum arabic, glutinous rice gum, starch gum, peach gum and rosin gum.
7. The application method of the novel desert soil conditioner is characterized in that the novel desert soil conditioner as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6 is uniformly mixed with sand and fertilizer necessary for plant growth according to a certain proportion to prepare mixed sand for standby; burying a layer of mulching film under the surface layer of sandy soil, then uniformly spreading mixed sandy soil on the desert surface in which the mulching film is buried, wherein the thickness of the spreading layer of the mixed sandy soil is 8-12cm, and then uniformly watering the spreading layer by water, thus carrying out cultivation of green plants.
8. The method for using a novel desert soil amendment according to claim 7, wherein the amendment is mixed with sandy soil and fertilizers necessary for plant growth uniformly according to a certain proportion, namely, about 10 kg of amendment and about 2 kg of fertilizers are added into each ton of sandy soil for mixing.
9. The use method of a novel desert soil conditioner as claimed in claims 7-8, characterized in that the fertilizer necessary for plant growth is a conventional compound fertilizer required for plant growth.
10. The use method of the novel desert soil conditioner as claimed in claim 7, wherein the mulching film is a specially made polyethylene film with micropores, and the burying depth is controlled to be 30-40 cm below the surface layer of the sandy soil.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010007604.4A CN111154495A (en) | 2020-01-04 | 2020-01-04 | Preparation and application methods of novel desert soil conditioner |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010007604.4A CN111154495A (en) | 2020-01-04 | 2020-01-04 | Preparation and application methods of novel desert soil conditioner |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN111154495A true CN111154495A (en) | 2020-05-15 |
Family
ID=70561770
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010007604.4A Pending CN111154495A (en) | 2020-01-04 | 2020-01-04 | Preparation and application methods of novel desert soil conditioner |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN111154495A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111793499A (en) * | 2020-05-22 | 2020-10-20 | 中国环境科学研究院 | Application of biodegradable high molecular material in improving soil property and improving plant growth performance |
| CN114085678A (en) * | 2021-12-13 | 2022-02-25 | 天津大学 | Preparation method and application of lunar soil conditioner |
-
2020
- 2020-01-04 CN CN202010007604.4A patent/CN111154495A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111793499A (en) * | 2020-05-22 | 2020-10-20 | 中国环境科学研究院 | Application of biodegradable high molecular material in improving soil property and improving plant growth performance |
| CN111793499B (en) * | 2020-05-22 | 2022-05-27 | 中国环境科学研究院 | Application of biodegradable high molecular material in improving soil property and improving plant growth performance |
| CN114085678A (en) * | 2021-12-13 | 2022-02-25 | 天津大学 | Preparation method and application of lunar soil conditioner |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| EP1145621B1 (en) | Water-holding carriers for plants and water-holding materials for growing plants | |
| CN108752130B (en) | Plant-growing soil water-retaining agent for slope greening ecological restoration and preparation method thereof | |
| CN104232099A (en) | Modifier for acidic soil | |
| CN111657098B (en) | Nutrient soil and application thereof in desertification control and greening planting | |
| CA2517935A1 (en) | An amended granular fertilizer comprising fertilizer and water-soluble polyacylamide | |
| CN103131424A (en) | Saline alkali soil conditioner | |
| CN108575591A (en) | Spraying sowing base material and preparation method for massif restoration of the ecosystem and technique of sowing grass seeds by duster | |
| CN103194241A (en) | Polymer aggregation agent for high order aggregate spray seeding greening, and preparation method thereof | |
| CN112980449A (en) | Muddy water curing agent for preparing plant growing bag from engineering slurry, plant growing bag and preparation method | |
| CN111154495A (en) | Preparation and application methods of novel desert soil conditioner | |
| CN111903467A (en) | Process for improving marine silt for planting soil | |
| CN108617465B (en) | Ecological substrate for vegetation restoration and preparation method thereof | |
| CN100398625C (en) | Water-loss reducer of soil and its preparation method | |
| CN110122269A (en) | A kind of high gradient slope is sowed grass seeds by duster with granule agent and its application method | |
| CN1238467C (en) | Saline-alkaline land modifier | |
| CN109853326B (en) | Football court layer structure with natural lawn surface | |
| CN112142061B (en) | Modified molecular sieve for reducing heavy metal absorption of crops and preparation method and application thereof | |
| CN110754326B (en) | Preparation method of artificial turf and in-situ ecological restoration spray seeding matrix prepared by using same | |
| CN110396410B (en) | Soil conditioner for controlling soil phosphorus loss and preparation method and application thereof | |
| CN108770635B (en) | Matrix modifier suitable for planting tropical coral island trees | |
| CN115846396B (en) | Sand land grassland maintenance-free environment simulation method | |
| CN112889625A (en) | Application of cellulose and/or cellulose derivative in water retention and sand fixation, composition, soil for desert planting, preparation method and application | |
| CN111943776A (en) | Preparation method of soil improvement fertilizer suitable for alkali-resistant crops | |
| KR20150038953A (en) | The planting method of an incline | |
| JPH0726261A (en) | Method for conditioning soil by using modified coal ash |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |
Application publication date: 20200515 |
|
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |