CN111154476A - Preparation raw material, preparation method and application of online concentration reduction blocking liquid for fracturing - Google Patents
Preparation raw material, preparation method and application of online concentration reduction blocking liquid for fracturing Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation raw material, a preparation method and application of an online concentration reduction liquid-blocking agent for fracturing, wherein the preparation raw material comprises the following components: the composite emulsifier comprises a polymer, a high-efficiency water diversion agent, a micropore generating agent, base oil, a main emulsifier and an auxiliary emulsifier. The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) diluting the polymer with deionized water to a mass percentage concentration of 50-80% to obtain a stock solution; (2) slowly adding the high-efficiency water diversion agent into the stock solution prepared in the step (1); (3) slowly adding a micropore generating agent into the solution prepared in the step (2) to obtain a water phase part; (4) mixing the main emulsifier and the auxiliary emulsifier to obtain an oil phase part; (5) and (3) adding the oil phase part in the step (4) and the water phase part in the step (3) into a reactor to obtain the on-line concentration and reduction blocking liquid for fracturing. The drag reduction liquid has the advantages of high effective content, safety, environmental protection, quick dissolution, multiple purposes, good gel breaking effect and low residue content.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of petroleum and natural gas fracturing. In particular to a preparation raw material, a preparation method and application of an online concentration reduction blocking liquid for fracturing.
Background
With the rapid development of petroleum and natural gas exploration business at home and abroad, hydraulic fracturing construction occupies the leading position of oil and gas field production increasing measures at present for a longer period, the development of construction technology is rapid, and the requirement development is driven to be more efficient, energy-saving, environment-friendly, simple to operate, low-cost and low-friction clean fracturing fluid system which can accurately match process design and meet the requirements of field operation.
On-line fracturing is that a thickening agent, an on-site water source (not particularly clear water) and a propping agent are simultaneously added into a sand mixing tank of a sand mixing truck on a fracturing construction site, and the thickening agent, the on-site water source and the propping agent are mixed for tens of seconds to form a sand-carrying liquid entering a well, so that a fracturing process technology of liquid preparation/sand mixing/crosslinking/sand carrying operation is completed in one step. The technology is the concept firstly proposed by the operator, and is more and more emphasized by oilfield technologists.
The friction resistance of the fracturing fluid is the most important to ensure that fracturing is smoothly performed, and therefore, the development of a high-efficiency drag reducer is imperative.
Shale gas and dense gas fracturing are started late in China, and the research and development of corresponding drag reducers are laggard abroad. In recent years, fracture drag reducers are being developed in domestic universities and colleges. Currently, the commonly used drag reducers include polyacrylamide or modified polyacrylamide dry powder, emulsion polymers prepared by inverse emulsion polymerization (chinese patent document No. CN103013488A), and emulsion polymers prepared by solution polymerization (chinese patent document No. CN 103937484A). Wherein, the dry powder drag reducer is easy to form balls in the using process, and the water dissolving speed is slow; although the emulsion polymer prepared by the inverse emulsion polymerization method has good water solubility in use, the environmental protection performance of the product is poor because a certain amount of organic solvent is required to be used in the synthesis; emulsion polymer prepared by solution polymerization has good water solubility, but generally has low molecular weight, large addition amount and slightly poor drag reduction effect.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a preparation raw material, a preparation method and application of the online concentration-reduction resistance liquid for fracturing, which have the advantages of reducing the addition of the resistance liquid, improving the efficiency of hydraulic fracturing operation and improving the operation quality.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a preparation raw material of an online concentration reduction blocking liquid for fracturing comprises the following components: the composite emulsifier comprises a polymer, a high-efficiency water diversion agent, a micropore generating agent, base oil, a main emulsifier and an auxiliary emulsifier.
The preparation raw materials of the online concentration reduction liquid-blocking agent for fracturing comprise the following components:
polymer (b): 100 parts by mass;
high-efficiency water diversion agent: adding the polymer into the reactor by mass accounting for 2.0-10.0% of the mass of the polymer;
micropore generating agent: adding 3.0-5.0% of polymer by mass;
base oil: adding 100.0-150.0% of polymer;
a main emulsifier: adding 1.0-3.0% of the total mass of the polymer and the base oil;
auxiliary emulsifier: the mass of the additive is 0.5-2.0% of the sum of the mass of the polymer and the mass of the base oil.
The raw material for preparing the online concentration reduction liquid-blocking agent for fracturing is prepared from a polyacrylamide water-soluble polymer; the high-efficiency water diversion agent is one of a polyol type surfactant and a polyoxyethylene type surfactant; the micropore generating agent is a substance which can generate gas by heating; the base oil is one or more of synthetic ester environment-friendly oil; the main emulsifier is one of sorbitan fatty acid ester; the auxiliary emulsifier is one of polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester, fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether and isomeric tridecanol polyoxyethylene ether.
The raw material for preparing the online concentrated liquid-blocking agent for fracturing is that the polyacrylamide water-soluble polymer is anionic polyacrylamide with the molecular weight of 800-2000 ten thousand.
The polyoxyethylene surfactant is isomeric tridecanol polyoxyethylene ether.
The fracturing is used for preparing raw materials of the online concentration reduction liquid-stopping agent, and the substance capable of generating gas by heating is sodium bicarbonate.
The fracturing is used as a raw material for preparing the online concentrated and reduced barrier fluid, and the base oil is environment-friendly degradable biodiesel.
The preparation raw material of the online concentration reduction barrier liquid for fracturing is that the sorbitan fatty acid ester is sorbitan monooleate or sorbitan trioleate; the polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester is polyoxyethylene sorbitan trioleate.
A preparation method of an online concentration-reduction blocking liquid for fracturing is prepared by using a preparation raw material of the online concentration-reduction blocking liquid for fracturing, and specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) diluting the polymer with deionized water to the mass percentage concentration of 50-80%, and stirring in a kneader for 1 hour to obtain a stock solution;
(2) slowly adding the high-efficiency water diversion agent into the stock solution prepared in the step (1), and stirring for 2 hours to fully and uniformly mix the high-efficiency water diversion agent;
(3) slowly adding the micropore generating agent into the solution prepared in the step (2), and stirring for 3 hours to fully and uniformly mix the micropore generating agent and the solution to obtain a water phase part;
(4) slowly adding the main emulsifier and the auxiliary emulsifier into the base oil, and stirring for 1 hour to fully and uniformly mix the main emulsifier and the auxiliary emulsifier to obtain an oil phase part;
(5) and (3) adding the oil phase part in the step (4) and the water phase part in the step (3) into a reactor, heating to 60 ℃, stirring for 2.5 hours to fully emulsify the oil phase part and the water phase part, introducing nitrogen, and continuously stirring for 0.5 hour to obtain the online concentration-reduction blocking liquid for fracturing.
The online concentration-reduction liquid resistance for fracturing is prepared by the preparation method, has the concentration of 0.025 wt% -0.05 wt%, and is used for fracturing slickwater, shale gas and dense gas; the concentration is 1-2 wt%, and the product can be used as sand-carrying liquid and front liquid for seam making.
The technical scheme of the invention achieves the following beneficial technical effects:
(1) high effective content, low addition, and reduced friction: the polymer concentration can be changed to adjust the flow rate, the addition amount is 0.025 percent, and the drag reduction rate can reach more than 70 percent when the flow rate is 4 m/s.
(2) Safety and environmental protection: the polymer, the high-efficiency water diversion agent, the micropore generating agent, the synthetic ester oil, the main emulsifier and the auxiliary emulsifier are low-toxicity or non-toxic treatment agents, and cannot pollute the environment.
(3) Dissolution is rapid: water was added thereto, and the mixture was stirred for 60 seconds to completely dissolve the compound.
(4) One dose is multi-purpose: by changing the using dosage, the low concentration of 0.025 wt% -0.05 wt% can be used for slickwater, shale gas and dense gas fracturing; the high concentration of 1-2 wt% can be used as sand carrying liquid and front liquid for seam making. For example: when the addition amount is 0.025%, the fracturing fluid can be used for fracturing slickwater, shale gas and dense gas; when the adding amount is 1.0%, the sand-carrying liquid can be used as the sand-carrying liquid; when the adding amount is 2.0%, the fabric can be used as a front-end liquid for seam making.
(5) The gel breaking effect is good, and the residue content is low: after gel breaking, the apparent viscosity is 1.03mPa.s, and the gel breaking is thorough; the residue content is 38mg/L which is far lower than the standard that the residue content in the general technical index of the water-based fracturing fluid is less than or equal to 600 mg/L.
(6) The high-efficiency resistance reducing liquid with temperature resistance and salt resistance can be prepared according to different polymers. The modified anionic polyacrylamide with high molecular weight (the commercially available modified anionic polyacrylamide with introduced temperature and salt resistant groups) is selected to resist temperature, salt and shear. The biodiesel is selected, has high flash point, is degradable, and is safe and environment-friendly.
(7) The fracturing cost in the oil and gas exploitation process is reduced, the field use process is simple, and the application is wide.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the addition and viscosity of an on-line concentration-reduction barrier fluid for fracturing prepared by the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a plot of the drag reduction rate of the on-line concentration-reduction drag liquid for fracturing prepared by the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a construction curve diagram of an online concentration-reduction liquid-blocking agent for fracturing prepared by the invention in a fracturing test of a certain well.
Detailed Description
Example 1 preparation of an in-line concentrated scale-down choke for fracturing
The preparation raw materials of the online concentration-reduction liquid-blocking agent for fracturing in the embodiment comprise the following components: the composite emulsifier comprises a polymer, a high-efficiency water diversion agent, a micropore generating agent, base oil, a main emulsifier and an auxiliary emulsifier. The proportion of each component is as follows:
polymer (b): 100 parts by mass; high-efficiency water diversion agent: adding the polymer into the reactor by mass accounting for 2.0-10.0% of the mass of the polymer; micropore generating agent: adding 3.0-5.0% of polymer by mass; base oil: adding 100.0-150.0% of polymer; a main emulsifier: adding 1.0-3.0% of the total mass of the polymer and the base oil; auxiliary emulsifier: the mass of the additive is 0.5-2.0% of the sum of the mass of the polymer and the mass of the base oil. The polymer is a polyacrylamide water-soluble polymer; the high-efficiency water diversion agent is one of a polyol type surfactant and a polyoxyethylene type surfactant; the micropore generating agent is a substance which can generate gas by heating; the base oil is one or more of synthetic ester environment-friendly oil; the main emulsifier is one of sorbitan fatty acid ester; the auxiliary emulsifier is one of polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester, fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether and isomeric tridecanol polyoxyethylene ether.
In this embodiment: the polyacrylamide water-soluble polymer is anionic polyacrylamide with the molecular weight of 800-2000 ten thousand (commercially available modified anionic polyacrylamide with introduced temperature-resistant and salt-resistant groups, in this example, AP-P4 associative polymer produced by Sichuan photopolymer chemical Co., Ltd.) is adopted. The polyoxyethylene surfactant is isomeric tridecanol polyoxyethylene ether. The substance capable of generating gas by heating is sodium bicarbonate. The base oil is environment-friendly degradable biodiesel. The sorbitan fatty acid ester is sorbitan monooleate or sorbitan trioleate; the polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester is polyoxyethylene sorbitan trioleate.
Example 2 preparation method of on-line concentration reduction liquid-blocking agent for fracturing
The preparation method is carried out by using the preparation raw material of the online concentration-reduction liquid-blocking agent for fracturing in the embodiment 1, and specifically comprises the following steps:
and 5, adding the oil phase part in the step 4 and the water phase part in the step 3 into a reactor, heating to 60 ℃, stirring for 2.5 hours to fully emulsify the oil phase part and the water phase part, introducing nitrogen, and continuously stirring for 0.5 hour to obtain the on-line concentration-reduction blocking liquid for fracturing.
Example 2 Performance evaluation test of the prepared on-line concentration-reduction fluid-blocking agent for fracturing
According to the standard SY/T5107 & 2005 water-based fracturing fluid performance evaluation method and SY/T6376 & 2008 general fracturing fluid technical conditions in the China oil and gas industry, the drag reduction fluid is subjected to multiple experiments, wherein the multiple experiments mainly comprise an instant dissolution experiment, an apparent viscosity, rheological property, a gel breaking experiment, residue content and the like.
(1) Experiment of fast dissolution
200g of distilled water is weighed and put into a mixer, the rotating speed of the mixer is adjusted to 700r/min, 0.05g of the on-line thickening and reducing barrier liquid for fracturing prepared in the embodiment 2 is added, timing stirring is started, and stirring is stopped after 60 seconds.
The experimental results are as follows: after the liquid surface is static, the fracturing is completely dissolved by the online concentration-reduction resistance liquid, which shows that the online concentration-reduction resistance liquid for fracturing has excellent instant performance.
(2) Apparent viscosity
Weighing 500g of distilled water, putting the distilled water into a mixer, adjusting the rotating speed of the mixer to 700r/min, adding the fracturing on-line concentration-reduction barrier liquid prepared in example 2 in different proportions (taking the mass of water as reference), stirring for 3min, standing in a water bath at 25 ℃ for 30min, taking clear liquid, and measuring the apparent viscosity of the base liquid.
The experimental result is shown in figure 1, the viscosity is increased along with the increase of the addition, which shows that the online concentration-reduction blocking liquid for fracturing can be used for multiple purposes, and the low concentration can be used for fracturing slickwater, shale gas and dense gas; the high concentration can be used as sand carrying liquid and front liquid for seam making.
(3) Resistance reduction performance
The experimental conditions are as follows: the testing method is characterized in that an LT/Y2016-005 foam loop supercritical carbon dioxide and friction resistance measuring instrument is adopted, the inner diameter is 4.67mm, the length of a pipeline is 5m, and when the flow is 4m/s and the addition of the on-line concentrated drag reducer is 0.025%, the drag reduction performance is tested.
As shown in FIG. 2, the on-line concentration-reducing choke fluid for fracturing can achieve a choke-reducing rate of more than 70% when the addition amount of the on-line concentration-reducing choke fluid is 0.025 wt% (based on the mass of water).
(4) Gel breaking experiment
Weighing 500g of distilled water, putting the distilled water into a mixer, adjusting the rotating speed of the mixer to 700r/min, adding 0.5g of the online concentrated and reduced barrier liquid for fracturing prepared in the embodiment 2, adding 0.1% of a gel breaker (by taking the mass of water as a reference), stirring for 3min, placing the mixture in a water bath at 80 ℃ for standing for 60min, taking clear liquid, and measuring the apparent viscosity of the base liquid.
The experimental results are as follows: after gel breaking, the apparent viscosity is 1.03mPa.s, which shows that the gel breaking of the online concentrated and reduced liquid resistance for fracturing is thorough.
(5) Content of residue
Weighing 500g of distilled water, putting the distilled water into a mixer, adjusting the rotating speed of the mixer to 700r/min, adding 0.5g of the online concentrated and reduced damping fluid for fracturing prepared in the embodiment 2, adding 0.1% of a gel breaker (by taking the mass of the water as a reference), stirring for 3min, placing the mixture in a water bath at 80 ℃ for standing for 60min, and taking clear liquid to measure the residue content of the gel breaker.
The experimental results are as follows: after gel breaking, the residue content is 38mg/L which is far lower than the standard that the residue content in the general technical indexes of the water-based fracturing fluid is less than or equal to 600mg/L, which shows that the residue content after gel breaking of the online concentration-reduced blocking fluid for fracturing is low and has little harm to the stratum.
On site construction test
Fracturing construction is carried out on a well in a certain oil extraction operation area of an oil field in north China in 8 months in 2019, and the online concentration and reduction resistance liquid prepared in the embodiment 2 is used for preparing fracturing liquid (the on-site sewage is used for preparing the liquid, and the addition of the resistance reducing liquid is 1.5 wt% of the sewage quality and is used as sand carrying liquid).
The on-site liquid preparation condition is good, the construction is smooth, the gel breaking is good, the flowback is normal, and the expected effect is achieved after the fracturing construction. The fracture construction curve is shown in figure 3.
It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications are possible which remain within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The preparation raw material of the online concentration-reduction liquid-blocking agent for fracturing is characterized by comprising the following components: the composite emulsifier comprises a polymer, a high-efficiency water diversion agent, a micropore generating agent, base oil, a main emulsifier and an auxiliary emulsifier.
2. The raw material for preparing the on-line concentrated and reduced resistance liquid for fracturing as claimed in claim 1, wherein the ratio of each component is as follows:
polymer (b): 100 parts by mass;
high-efficiency water diversion agent: adding the polymer into the reactor by mass accounting for 2.0-10.0% of the mass of the polymer;
micropore generating agent: adding 3.0-5.0% of polymer by mass;
base oil: adding 100.0-150.0% of polymer;
a main emulsifier: adding 1.0-3.0% of the total mass of the polymer and the base oil;
auxiliary emulsifier: the mass of the additive is 0.5-2.0% of the sum of the mass of the polymer and the mass of the base oil.
3. The preparation raw material of the online concentration-reduction liquid resistance for fracturing according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the polymer is a polyacrylamide water-soluble polymer; the high-efficiency water diversion agent is one of a polyol type surfactant and a polyoxyethylene type surfactant; the micropore generating agent is a substance which can generate gas by heating; the base oil is one or more of synthetic ester environment-friendly oil; the main emulsifier is one of sorbitan fatty acid ester; the auxiliary emulsifier is one of polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester, fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether and isomeric tridecanol polyoxyethylene ether.
4. The raw material for preparing the on-line concentrated and reduced obstruction liquid for fracturing as recited in claim 3, wherein the polyacrylamide water-soluble polymer is anionic polyacrylamide with molecular weight of 800-2000 ten thousand.
5. The preparation raw material of the on-line concentrated and reduced liquid resistance for fracturing as claimed in claim 3, wherein the polyoxyethylene surfactant is isotridecanol polyoxyethylene ether.
6. The preparation raw material of the on-line concentration-reduction liquid-blocking agent for fracturing as claimed in claim 3, wherein the substance capable of generating gas by heating is sodium bicarbonate.
7. The preparation raw material of the on-line concentration-reduction liquid-blocking agent for fracturing as claimed in claim 3, wherein the base oil is environment-friendly degradable biodiesel.
8. The preparation raw material of the online concentrated and reduced liquid-blocking agent for fracturing as claimed in claim 3, wherein the fatty acid ester of sorbitan is sorbitan monooleate or sorbitan trioleate; the polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester is polyoxyethylene sorbitan trioleate.
9. The preparation method of the online concentration-reduction liquid-stopping agent for fracturing is characterized by being prepared by using the preparation raw material of the online concentration-reduction liquid-stopping agent for fracturing as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, and specifically comprising the following steps of:
(1) diluting the polymer with deionized water to the mass percentage concentration of 50-80%, and stirring in a kneader for 1 hour to obtain a stock solution;
(2) slowly adding the high-efficiency water diversion agent into the stock solution prepared in the step (1), and stirring for 2 hours to fully and uniformly mix the high-efficiency water diversion agent;
(3) slowly adding the micropore generating agent into the solution prepared in the step (2), and stirring for 3 hours to fully and uniformly mix the micropore generating agent and the solution to obtain a water phase part;
(4) slowly adding the main emulsifier and the auxiliary emulsifier into the base oil, and stirring for 1 hour to fully and uniformly mix the main emulsifier and the auxiliary emulsifier to obtain an oil phase part;
(5) and (3) adding the oil phase part in the step (4) and the water phase part in the step (3) into a reactor, heating to 60 ℃, stirring for 2.5 hours to fully emulsify the oil phase part and the water phase part, introducing nitrogen, and continuously stirring for 0.5 hour to obtain the online concentration-reduction blocking liquid for fracturing.
10. The application of the online concentration-reduction liquid inhibitor for fracturing is characterized in that the online concentration-reduction liquid inhibitor for fracturing prepared by the method in claim 9 is used for fracturing slickwater, shale gas and dense gas, wherein the concentration of the online concentration-reduction liquid inhibitor for fracturing is 0.025 wt% -0.05 wt%; the concentration is 1-2 wt%, and the product can be used as sand-carrying liquid and front liquid for seam making.
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