CN111151761A - Wear-resistant and high-temperature-resistant numerical control cutter material based on 3D printing and preparation method - Google Patents
Wear-resistant and high-temperature-resistant numerical control cutter material based on 3D printing and preparation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111151761A CN111151761A CN202010034549.8A CN202010034549A CN111151761A CN 111151761 A CN111151761 A CN 111151761A CN 202010034549 A CN202010034549 A CN 202010034549A CN 111151761 A CN111151761 A CN 111151761A
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- printing
- numerical control
- sintering
- polyethylene glycol
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/10—Metallic powder containing lubricating or binding agents; Metallic powder containing organic material
- B22F1/102—Metallic powder coated with organic material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/10—Metallic powder containing lubricating or binding agents; Metallic powder containing organic material
- B22F1/103—Metallic powder containing lubricating or binding agents; Metallic powder containing organic material containing an organic binding agent comprising a mixture of, or obtained by reaction of, two or more components other than a solvent or a lubricating agent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C49/00—Alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments
- C22C49/02—Alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments characterised by the matrix material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C49/00—Alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments
- C22C49/14—Alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments characterised by the fibres or filaments
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
- B22F2005/001—Cutting tools, earth boring or grinding tool other than table ware
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of numerical control cutter materials, and relates to a high-strength wear-resistant numerical control cutter material based on 3D printing and a preparation method thereof, wherein the method comprises the steps of firstly adding silicon carbide whiskers and silicon carbide nanoparticles into a polyethylene glycol-ethanol mixed solution, stirring under an ultrasonic condition, then adding alumina balls and sintering aids, stirring under the ultrasonic condition, then adding manganese, chromium and graphene, fully mixing, then carrying out ball milling, sintering, then carrying out ball milling to obtain composite ceramic powder, and finally carrying out 3D printing and forming; the material is uniformly distributed, and the tissue stability is high; the prepared high-strength wear-resistant numerical control cutter based on 3D printing has high strength, hardness, toughness and wear resistance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of numerical control cutter materials, and relates to a high-strength wear-resistant numerical control cutter material based on 3D printing and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The numerical control lathe is an important machine in industrial production, at present, the numerical control lathe is indispensable in the preparation of parts and the use of equipment manufacturing industry, the numerical control lathe is frequently used in the industrial production, and a numerical control cutter in the numerical control lathe is required to have high hardness, wear resistance and high temperature resistance so as to ensure that the cutter does not deform and crack when a processed material deforms; meanwhile, the high strength can improve the deformation resistance of the cutter, and the high toughness can prevent brittle fracture under impact load.
The numerical control cutter material mainly comprises high-speed steel, hard alloy and a novel cutter material, wherein a matrix of the numerical control cutter material is alumina, and the numerical control cutter material is reinforced by adopting silicon carbide whiskers, high Cr and graphene on the matrix of the alumina aiming at high hardness, wear resistance, heat resistance and chemical stability, and ethanol is used as a dispersion medium and polyethylene glycol is used as a dispersing agent to promote SiCwThe novel numerical control cutter material is obtained, and a 3D printing technology is utilized to print a numerical control cutter with special purposes.
At present, the whisker reinforced numerical control cutter material is adopted to make great progress, but the whisker is not uniformly distributed, and the agglomeration and winding and gravity precipitation of the whisker are the problems at present; the invention adopts ethanol as a dispersion medium and polyethylene glycol as a dispersant, and utilizes a steric hindrance stabilization mechanism of polyethylene glycol in the ethanol medium to make SiC whiskers adsorbed on anchoring groups of molecular chains of the SiC whiskers, thereby preventing the SiC whiskers from agglomeration and winding and gravity precipitation. The good performance of the SiC crystal whisker is promoted to be fully exerted, the sintering density of the cutter material is improved, and the comprehensive mechanical property of the cutter material is improved; the invention can obviously improve the strength, toughness, hardness, wear resistance and good fatigue performance of the numerical control cutter and prolong the service life of the numerical control cutter, and has important industrial application value and the application field of the numerical control cutter with special application.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide the following technical scheme: the wear-resistant and high-temperature-resistant numerical control cutter material based on 3D printing and the preparation method thereof have the advantages of overcoming the defects of the prior art, along with stable processing technology, uniform material structure, high hardness and wear resistance, high heat resistance, high chemical stability and longer service life compared with the traditional novel numerical control cutter.
The invention has the following conception: ethanol is used as a dispersion medium, polyethylene glycol is used as a dispersing agent, and the SiC whiskers are adsorbed on the anchoring groups of the molecular chains of the SiC whiskers by using the steric hindrance stabilization mechanism of the polyethylene glycol in the ethanol medium, so that the SiC whiskers are prevented from agglomeration and winding and gravity precipitation. The good performance of the SiC crystal whisker is promoted to be fully exerted, the sintering density of the cutter material is improved, and the comprehensive mechanical property of the cutter material is improved by adopting the mixing of materials such as high Cr, graphene and the like through a 3D printing technology; the invention can obviously improve the strength, toughness, hardness, wear resistance and good fatigue performance of the numerical control cutter and prolong the service life; meanwhile, numerical control turning tools with different shapes can be manufactured according to different purposes.
The preparation method comprises the following steps of adding silicon carbide whiskers and silicon carbide nanoparticles into a polyethylene glycol-ethanol mixed solution, stirring under an ultrasonic condition, adding alumina balls and a sintering aid, stirring under the ultrasonic condition, adding manganese, chromium and graphene, fully mixing, performing ball milling, sintering and ball milling to obtain composite ceramic powder, and finally performing 3D printing and forming.
Tests show that when ethanol is used as a dispersing medium, polyethylene glycol is used as a dispersing agent, ultrasonic vibration and mechanical stirring are used as auxiliary materials, and ball milling is carried out for a certain time, the composite ceramic powder with an excellent dispersing effect is obtained, so that the numerical control cutter has higher strength and wear resistance.
The numerical control cutters in different shapes can be printed according to different purposes and different requirements by utilizing the 3D printing technology, so that the application range and the application field of the numerical control cutters are enlarged.
The concrete materials and preparation method are as follows.
Mixing polyethylene glycol and ethanol according to the weight ratio of 1: 1, and stirring for 15min under the ultrasonic condition to obtain a mixed solution.
Adding 15% of SiC whiskers and 5% of SiC grains into the mixed solution, and stirring for 30min under the ultrasonic condition.
Then, 64 percent of alumina balls and 1 percent of sintering aid are added and stirred for 30min under the ultrasonic condition.
0.5% of manganese, 15% of chromium and 0.5% of graphene are added into the mixed solution and stirred for 20min under the ultrasonic condition.
And ball-milling the obtained slurry for 15-20h, sintering, ball-milling for 15-20h after sintering to obtain composite ceramic powder, and then carrying out 3D printing.
The proportion of the polyethylene glycol-ethanol mixed solution to the SiC whisker and SiC grain mixed powder is 3: 1.
the ultrasonic condition in the invention is 25-80 KHz, the stirring speed is 300-500 r/min, and the temperature is 20-40 ℃.
Ball milling for 15-20h, sintering, and ball milling the sintered material for 15-20h to obtain the superfine composite ceramic powder with the size of 50-100 μm.
The sintering temperature is 1550-1800 ℃ and the time duration is 90-180 min.
The sintering process needs argon protection.
The invention provides a wear-resistant high-temperature-resistant numerical control cutter material based on 3D printing and a preparation method thereof, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: the composite ceramic powder with excellent dispersion effect is obtained by using ethanol as a dispersion medium and polyethylene glycol as a dispersing agent and assisting ultrasonic vibration and mechanical stirring and ball milling, sintering and ball milling for a certain time, so that the numerical control cutter has higher strength, toughness, wear resistance and high temperature resistance and also has longer service life.
Detailed Description
Example one:
mixing 300g of polyethylene glycol and 300g of ethanol under the condition of 50KHz, adding 200g of silicon carbide whisker and silicon carbide grain mixed powder into 600g of polyethylene glycol-ethanol mixed solution, stirring at the ultrasonic condition of 50KHz at the stirring speed of 300r/min for 30min at the temperature of 30 ℃, adding 640g of alumina and 10g of sintering aid, and stirring for 30min under the same condition; and then adding 5g of manganese, 5g of graphene and 150g of chromium, stirring for 20 minutes under the same conditions, ball-milling for 15 hours, sintering at 1550 ℃ under the protection of argon, ball-milling the obtained sinter for 15 hours to obtain composite ceramic powder, and printing the composite ceramic powder to obtain a numerical control lathe tool meeting the conditions by using a 3D printing technology.
Example two:
mixing and stirring 200g of polyethylene glycol and 200g of ethanol under the condition of 70KHz, adding 133g of silicon carbide whisker and silicon carbide grain mixed powder into 400g of polyethylene glycol-ethanol mixed solution, stirring for 30min at the temperature of 20 ℃ under the ultrasonic condition of 70KHz at the stirring speed of 400r/min, and then adding 426g of alumina and 6.6g of sintering aid, and stirring for 30min under the same condition; then 3.3g of manganese, 3.3g of graphene and 100g of chromium are added, stirred for 20 minutes under the same conditions and then ball-milled for 16 hours, the mixture is sintered under the condition of 1550 ℃ under the protection of argon, the obtained sintered product is ball-milled for 16 hours to obtain composite ceramic powder, and then the numerical control lathe tool meeting the conditions is printed by utilizing a 3D printing technology.
Example three:
mixing 250g of polyethylene glycol and 250g of ethanol under the condition of 80KHz, adding 166g of silicon carbide whiskers and silicon carbide grain mixed powder into 500g of polyethylene glycol-ethanol mixed solution, stirring at the ultrasonic condition of 80KHz at the stirring speed of 4500r/min for 30min at the temperature of 35 ℃, adding 533g of alumina and 8.3g of sintering aid, and stirring for 30min under the same condition; and then adding 4g of manganese, 4g of graphene and 124g of chromium, stirring for 20 minutes under the same conditions, performing ball milling for 20 hours, sintering at 1800 ℃ under the protection of argon, performing ball milling on the obtained sinter for 15 hours to obtain composite ceramic powder, and printing a numerical control turning tool meeting the conditions by using a 3D printing technology.
Claims (8)
1. A high-strength wear-resistant numerical control cutter material based on 3D printing and a preparation method thereof are characterized in that polyethylene glycol and ethanol are mixed, silicon carbide whiskers and silicon carbide nanoparticles are added into a polyethylene glycol-ethanol mixed solution and stirred under the ultrasonic condition, then alumina balls and sintering aids are added for sintering and stirred under the ultrasonic condition, then manganese, chromium and graphene are added, after full mixing, ball milling and sintering are carried out, then composite ceramic powder is obtained, and finally 3D printing forming is carried out, wherein the preparation method comprises the following specific preparation steps:
(1) mixing polyethylene glycol and ethanol according to the weight ratio of 1: 1 mixing and stirring under ultrasonic condition
Stirring for 15min to obtain mixed solution;
(2) adding SiC into the mixed solution in the step (1)w15% and SiCnpStirring 5% under ultrasonic condition for 30 min;
(3) then adding 64 percent of alumina balls and 1 percent of sintering aid, and stirring for 30min under the ultrasonic condition;
(4) adding 0.5% of manganese, 15% of chromium and 0.5% of graphene into the mixed solution obtained in the step (3), and stirring for 20min under the ultrasonic condition;
(5) and ball-milling the obtained slurry for 15h, sintering, ball-milling for 15h to obtain composite ceramic powder, and performing 3D printing.
2. According to claim 1: the one-dimensional material SiC whisker (SiCw) has the excellent characteristics of high elastic modulus, high tensile strength and the like.
3. According to claim 1: when ethanol is used as a dispersion medium and polyethylene glycol is used as a dispersant, the dispersion effect of the composite ceramic powder is excellent, and the mechanism is that the polyethylene glycol enables SiC whiskers to be adsorbed on anchoring groups of molecular chains of the SiC whiskers in the ethanol medium through a steric hindrance stabilization mechanism, so that the SiC whiskers are prevented from agglomeration and winding and gravity precipitation; the good powder dispersion effect is beneficial to improving the sintering density of the cutter material, promoting the full play of the excellent performance of the SiC crystal whisker and improving the comprehensive mechanical property of the cutter material.
4. According to claim 1: the ultrasonic vibration can excite strong cavitation effect in the liquid, and then generates a large amount of cavitation bubbles, the generation and the explosion of the cavitation bubbles cause the generation of micro jet, and the micro particles in the liquid can be scattered.
5. According to claim 1: the high Cr content makes the cutter steel have better heat engine fatigue resistance, wear resistance and fracture resistance, and prolongs the service life.
6. According to claim 1: ball milling for 15-20h, sintering, and ball milling the sintered material for 15-20h to obtain the superfine composite ceramic powder with the size of 50-100 μm.
7. According to claim 1: graphene is one of the materials with the highest known strength, has good toughness and can be bent, the theoretical Young modulus of the graphene reaches 1.0TPa, and the inherent tensile strength is 130 GPa.
8. According to claim 1: the 3D printing method can be used for printing numerical control cutters in different shapes according to different purposes.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010034549.8A CN111151761A (en) | 2020-01-14 | 2020-01-14 | Wear-resistant and high-temperature-resistant numerical control cutter material based on 3D printing and preparation method |
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| CN202010034549.8A CN111151761A (en) | 2020-01-14 | 2020-01-14 | Wear-resistant and high-temperature-resistant numerical control cutter material based on 3D printing and preparation method |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114671696A (en) * | 2022-03-07 | 2022-06-28 | 西北工业大学 | Method for preparing turbine rotor of aero-engine based on powder 3D printing and RMI process |
| CN115304389A (en) * | 2022-08-23 | 2022-11-08 | 山东大学 | Silicon carbide ceramic matrix composite slurry for direct-writing forming 3D printing and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (3)
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| CN115304389A (en) * | 2022-08-23 | 2022-11-08 | 山东大学 | Silicon carbide ceramic matrix composite slurry for direct-writing forming 3D printing and preparation method thereof |
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