CN111151730A - Device and method for preparing multifunctional metal-based composite material casting - Google Patents
Device and method for preparing multifunctional metal-based composite material casting Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111151730A CN111151730A CN201811325796.2A CN201811325796A CN111151730A CN 111151730 A CN111151730 A CN 111151730A CN 201811325796 A CN201811325796 A CN 201811325796A CN 111151730 A CN111151730 A CN 111151730A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- pouring
- melt
- casting
- die
- pouring gate
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D18/00—Pressure casting; Vacuum casting
- B22D18/02—Pressure casting making use of mechanical pressure devices, e.g. cast-forging
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a device and a method for preparing a multifunctional metal-based composite material casting, and belongs to the technical field of metal-based composite material preparation. The device mainly comprises a punch, a pouring ladle, a pouring cup, a die heater, a pouring gate, an upper die, a lower die, a supporting seat, a base and a motor; the pouring cup is connected with the upper end of the pouring gate, the pouring ladle is arranged above the pouring cup, and the punch is arranged above the pouring gate and can move up and down to enter and move out of the pouring gate; the mould heater is arranged on the periphery of the upper mould and the lower mould or embedded in the moulds; go up mould and bed die and arrange the supporting seat in on, the supporting seat is all arranged in on the base, and the supporting seat links up with the motor, and the motor passes through the supporting seat and drives mould and bed die rotation. The invention also discloses a preparation method of the multifunctional composite material casting. The composite material prepared by the invention has the advantages of obviously improved tissue structure, obviously refined crystal grains, good combination of particles and a matrix and obviously improved comprehensive performance. The invention has simple casting process and less flow.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a device and a method for preparing a multifunctional metal-based composite material casting, belongs to the field of metal material processing, and particularly relates to the technical field of metal-based composite material preparation.
Background
With the rapid development of science and technology, the requirements for the comprehensive properties of materials are increasingly improved, the traditional metal materials can not meet the actual requirements gradually, and the metal-based composite materials with the characteristics of high specific strength, high specific modulus, wear resistance, fatigue resistance, high thermal conductivity, low thermal expansion coefficient and the like are greatly emphasized and rapidly developed for improving the service performance of aircrafts, automobiles and the like, lightening the weight of the aircrafts, automobiles and the like, and reducing the energy consumption, so that the metal-based composite materials become one of the important research directions in the high and new technical fields at home and abroad.
In order to meet the more severe requirements of the high-tech fields of aerospace, aviation, advanced power and the like on materials, the research and preparation of multifunctional composite materials and parts thereof become more and more important. Compared with homogeneous composite materials, the heterogeneous characteristics of the composite material have excellent performance under specific environments, can give full play to the unique advantages of various materials, and can overcome the respective defects. The emergence of the method attracts the attention of researchers in various fields, and the method develops into one of important subjects in the current structural material research field, so that the method has wide application prospect.
The preparation methods of the prior multifunctional composite material and the parts thereof mainly comprise a solid-solid compounding method, a solid-liquid compounding method, a liquid-liquid compounding method and the like, but the methods have the prominent problems of complex equipment structure, high preparation cost, poor material interface combination, low performance, poor quality consistency and the like. Therefore, how to efficiently prepare multifunctional composite material parts becomes a research focus.
Patent CN104588608A discloses a process for preparing a composite brake drum by centrifugation, which is designed by using a self-made centrifuge, wherein a steel plate is made into a disc containing process holes through a composite die, the disc is rolled to form a brake drum shell, and after a series of processing, the brake drum shell is placed into the centrifuge for fixed casting of a metal material, so as to form a metal layer in the shell. The method has the advantages of complex process and multiple processing procedures, does not consider the combination problem of casting molten metal after the shell is treated, is difficult to solve the interface combination problem of two layers of metal, and has low efficiency of preparing metal blank pieces.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the disadvantages and problems of the prior art, the present invention provides an apparatus and method for preparing a multifunctional metal matrix composite casting.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a device for preparing a multifunctional metal matrix composite casting mainly comprises a punch, a pouring ladle, a pouring cup, a die heater, a pouring gate, an upper die, a lower die, a supporting seat, a base and a motor; the pouring cup is connected with the upper end of the pouring gate, and the pouring ladle is arranged above the side of the pouring cup; the punch is arranged above the pouring gate and can move up and down to enter and move out of the pouring gate; the mould heater is arranged at the periphery of the upper mould and the lower mould or embedded in the moulds to heat the moulds; go up mould and bed die and arrange the supporting seat in on, the supporting seat is all arranged in on the base, and the supporting seat links up with the motor, and the motor passes through the supporting seat and drives mould and bed die rotation.
In the device, more than two casting ladles are used for containing different melts and are respectively arranged on two sides right above the casting cup, and alloy liquid can be poured into the die through the casting cup.
In the device, the punch is arranged right above the pouring gate, clearance fit can be formed between the punch and the pouring gate, the clearance is small and is about 2-10 microns, and the punch can move into the pouring gate to pressurize alloy melt in the die.
In the above device, the pouring channel may be a straight pouring channel, or may be composed of a straight pouring channel and a horizontal pouring channel, or may be composed of a straight pouring channel, a horizontal pouring channel and an inner pouring channel; one end of the sprue is connected with the pouring cup, and the other end of the sprue is connected with the cavity or the cross gate; one end of the horizontal pouring gate is connected with the straight pouring gate, and the other end of the horizontal pouring gate is connected with the cavity or the inner pouring gate; one end of the ingate is connected with the horizontal pouring channel, and the other end of the ingate is connected with the cavity; 2-12 transverse runners are uniformly distributed; the inner runners are plural. Alloy liquid in the casting ladle enters a cavity formed by closing the upper die and the lower die through a sprue, or the alloy liquid in the casting ladle enters a cross runner through the sprue and then flows into the cavity; or the alloy liquid in the casting ladle enters the cross pouring channel through the straight pouring channel and then flows into the cavity through the inner pouring channel.
In the device, a sprue is reserved in the upper die, and a horizontal runner and an inner runner are reserved at the lower part of the upper die and the upper part of the lower die; the sprue is embedded into a reserved position of the upper die, and the cross runner and the inner runner are embedded into a reserved position after the upper die and the lower die are closed.
In the device, the pouring cup is embedded into the upper end of the reserved position of the sprue in the upper die.
The device for preparing the multifunctional metal matrix composite casting can be horizontally placed or vertically placed.
A method for preparing a multifunctional metal matrix composite casting based on the device comprises the following steps:
(1) before casting, respectively embedding a pouring cup and a pouring gate (a sprue, or the sprue and a cross gate, or the sprue, the cross gate and an inner gate) into an upper die and a lower die, then closing the upper die and the lower die, starting a die heater, heating the dies to a set temperature, respectively pouring more than two melts reaching the preset temperature into different pouring ladles, and waiting for pouring;
(2) during casting, the motor is turned on, and the number of revolutions of the motor is set, so that the mold rotates to a stable number of revolutions; then determining the pouring sequence of different melts according to different functional requirements of the casting; filling the poured melt to the outer wall of the mold cavity under the action of centrifugal force to form a metal layer with a certain function, pouring another melt when the melt of the metal layer is solidified to a semi-solid temperature range of the melt, and so on; gradually increasing the revolution of the motor in the pouring process to enable the melt to fully fill the die cavity under larger centrifugal force, closing the motor when the pouring and filling of the melt are finished, descending the punch into the pouring gate, and then pressurizing and maintaining the pressure of the punch to fully fill and solidify the melt in the die under larger action;
(3) and when the casting is finished, the punch is lifted, the upper die and the lower die are opened, the casting is separated from the cavity, then the die is cleaned, the release agent is sprayed, the process is repeated, and the next casting is carried out.
In the step (1) of the method, the melt in the casting ladle can be a metal melt or a metal-based composite material melt; the melt can be liquid melt, or semi-solid metal melt or metal-based composite material melt prepared by semi-solid processing technology.
In step (2) of the method, the semisolid temperature range of the melt is between the solidus temperature and the liquidus temperature of the metal or the metal matrix composite material.
In the step (2) of the method, the rotation speed of the motor is continuously increased along with the pouring and filling of the melt, the initial rotation speed of the motor is 50-1000rpm, and is gradually increased to 300-6000rpm when the melt is solidified.
In the step (2), after the last melt is poured and filled, the punch presses and maintains the pressure, wherein the pressure is 20-200MPa, and the pressure maintaining time is 5-20 seconds.
According to the method, various different metal melts or metal-based composite material melts are poured in sequence according to the requirements of different functions of the casting, so that the multifunctional composite material casting with high strength and toughness, high heat conductivity, high electric conductivity, high wear resistance, high shielding and/or high magnetic conductivity is prepared.
In the method, the amount of each metal melt or composite material melt is accurately and quantitatively controlled according to the requirements of different functions of the casting.
The invention has the advantages that:
(1) the device and the method for efficiently preparing the multifunctional metal-based composite material have the advantages of simple equipment structure and convenience in operation; the casting process is simple, the flow is few, and the theme of energy conservation and environmental protection in the society at present is met;
(2) the multifunctional metal matrix composite casting prepared by the invention has the advantages that under high centrifugal shearing force and pressure, the tissue structure is obviously improved, the grain refinement is obvious, the combination of the particles and the matrix is good, and the comprehensive performance is obviously improved. The device and the method can be used for preparing composite material castings such as brake hubs and brake drums, and the prepared multilayer metal matrix composite materials are good in interface combination, high in performance, good in quality consistency and high in yield.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the device of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an aluminum matrix composite brake hub casting.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an aluminum matrix composite brake drum casting.
Description of the main reference numerals:
1 punch 2 casting ladle
3 casting ladle and 4 casting cup
5 die heater 6 pouring channel
7 upper die and 8 lower die
9 support seat and 10 base
11 motor 12 high-strength high-toughness layer
13 composite wear-resistant layer
Detailed Description
The present invention may be practiced, but is not limited to, the following examples, which are intended to be illustrative of the practice of the invention only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention in any way, and various procedures and methods not described in detail are conventional methods well known in the art in the following examples.
As shown in figure 1, the device for preparing the multifunctional metal matrix composite casting mainly comprises the following parts: the device comprises a punch 1, a pouring ladle 2, a pouring ladle 3, a pouring cup 4, a die heater 5, a pouring gate 6, an upper die 7, a lower die 8, a supporting seat 9, a base 10 and a motor 11. The punch 1 is located directly above the runner 6 and the beaker 4 and can move up and down into and out of the runner 6. The pouring cup 4 is fixed above the pouring gate 6 and connected with the upper end of the pouring gate 6, two pouring ladles are arranged, the pouring ladles 2 and the pouring ladles 3 are arranged on two sides right above the pouring cup 4, and alloy liquid can be poured into the die through the pouring cup 4. The mould heater 5 is arranged at the periphery of the mould (or embedded into the mould) and is used for heating the mould; the upper die 7 and the lower die 8 are arranged above the supporting seat 9, the upper die 7, the lower die 8 and the supporting seat 9 are arranged on the base 10, the supporting seat 9 is connected with the motor 11, and the motor 11 drives the upper die 7 and the lower die 8 to rotate through the supporting seat 9.
As shown in fig. 1, the pouring gate 6 is composed of a straight pouring gate and a horizontal pouring gate, one end of the straight pouring gate is connected with the pouring cup 4, the other end of the straight pouring gate is connected with the horizontal pouring gate, one end of the horizontal pouring gate is connected with the straight pouring gate, and the other end of the horizontal pouring gate is communicated with the cavity; alloy liquid in the casting ladle enters a cross gate through a sprue and then flows into a cavity formed after an upper die 7 and a lower die 8 are assembled; the number of the cross runners can be 2-12, and the cross runners are uniformly distributed. The pouring channel 6 in fig. 1 can also be only a straight pouring channel, one end of the straight pouring channel is connected with the pouring cup 4, and the other end of the straight pouring channel is connected with the cavity; and the alloy liquid in the casting ladle enters the cavity through the sprue. Or the pouring channel 6 can also consist of a straight pouring channel, a cross pouring channel and a plurality of inner pouring channels; one end of the sprue is connected with the pouring cup 4, the other end of the sprue is connected with the cross runner, one end of the cross runner is connected with the sprue, and the other end of the cross runner is communicated with the cavity through the ingate; alloy liquid in the casting ladle enters the cross pouring channel through the straight pouring channel and then flows into the cavity through the inner pouring channel.
In the device for preparing the multifunctional metal matrix composite casting, the punch 1 and the pouring gate 6 (sprue) are in clearance fit, the clearance is 2-10 microns, and the punch 1 can move into the pouring gate 6 to pressurize alloy melt in a die.
In the device, the position of a sprue is reserved in an upper die 7, and the positions of a horizontal runner and an inner runner are reserved at the lower part of the upper die 7 and the upper part of a lower die 8; the sprue is embedded in a reserved position of the upper mold 7, and the cross runner and the ingate are embedded in a reserved position after the upper mold 7 and the lower mold 8 are closed. The pouring cup 4 is embedded in the upper end of the sprue reservation in the upper mould 7. The device can be placed horizontally or vertically.
The method for preparing the multifunctional metal matrix composite casting based on the device comprises the following steps:
(1) before casting, as shown in fig. 1, a pouring cup 4, a sprue and a runner are respectively embedded into an upper die 7 and a lower die 8, then the upper die and the lower die are closed, a die heater 5 is started, the dies are fully heated to a set temperature, and prepared different melts reaching a preset temperature are respectively poured into different pouring ladles for waiting pouring;
(2) during casting, the motor 11 is turned on, and the number of revolutions of the motor is set to rotate the mold to a stable number of revolutions. Then, according to different functional requirements of the casting, the sequence of pouring different melts is considered. The melt poured in first fills the outer wall of the die cavity of the die under the action of centrifugal force to form a metal layer with a certain function, and when the melt of the metal layer is solidified to a semi-solid temperature range of the melt, the other melt is poured in, and the rest is done in the same way. Gradually increasing the revolution of the motor 11 in the pouring process to enable the melt to fully fill the die cavity under larger centrifugal force, closing the motor 11 when the pouring and filling of the melt are finished, rapidly descending the punch 1 into the pouring channel 6, and then pressurizing and maintaining the pressure of the punch 1 to fully fill and solidify the melt in the die under larger action;
(3) and when the casting is finished, the punch 1 is lifted, the upper die 7 and the lower die 8 are opened, the casting is released from the cavity, then the die is cleaned, the release agent is sprayed, the process is repeated, and the next casting is carried out.
The method can pour various different metal melts or metal-based composite material melts in sequence according to the requirements of different functions of the casting (such as high strength and toughness, high heat conduction, high electric conduction, high wear resistance, high shielding and high magnetic conduction) to prepare the composite material casting with different functions of high strength and toughness, high heat conduction, high electric conduction, high wear resistance, high shielding and high magnetic conduction. According to the requirements of different functions of the casting, the amount of each metal melt or composite material melt needs to be accurately and quantitatively controlled.
Example 1
The composite material brake hub casting with the diameter of 450mm is prepared by the embodiment, the casting is a multifunctional casting, the outer layer is required to have high wear resistance, and the inner layer has high strength and high toughness.
According to the requirements of the casting, by adopting the method of the invention, 15% (volume content) SiC is adopted on the outer layer of the brake hubpthe/A357 silicon carbide particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite materialThe layer adopts A357 aluminum alloy with higher strength and toughness, so that the brake hub casting has high wear resistance, high strength and high toughness.
The adopted specific equipment and the preparation process are as follows:
as shown in figure 1, the device for preparing the high-strength, high-toughness and high-wear-resistance aluminum-based composite material brake hub casting mainly comprises the following parts: the device comprises a punch 1, a pouring ladle 2, a pouring ladle 3, a pouring cup 4, a die heater 5, a pouring gate 6, an upper die 7, a lower die 8, a supporting seat 9, a base 10 and a motor 11. The punch 1 is located directly above the runner 6 and can move up and down into and out of the runner 6. 2 casting ladles, wherein the casting ladles 2 and the casting ladles 3 are arranged on two sides right above the casting cup 4, and alloy liquid can be poured into the die through the casting cup 4. 2 casting ladles are arranged above the casting cup, one casting ladle is used for containing silicon carbide particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite material melt, and the other casting ladle is used for containing A357 aluminum alloy melt. The mould heater 5 is arranged on the periphery of the mould and used for heating the mould; the pouring gate 6 consists of 1 straight pouring gate and 6 cross pouring gates, one end of each cross pouring gate is connected with the straight pouring gate, the other end of each cross pouring gate is communicated with the cavity, and the 6 cross pouring gates are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction on the same plane; and the alloy liquid in the casting ladle enters the cross pouring channel through the straight pouring channel and then flows into the cavity. The upper die 7 and the lower die 8 are arranged above the supporting seat 9, the upper die 7, the lower die 8 and the supporting seat 9 are arranged on the base 10, the supporting seat 9 is connected with the motor 11, and the motor 11 drives the upper die 7 and the lower die 8 to rotate through the supporting seat 9.
Based on the device, the method for preparing the high-strength, high-toughness and high-wear-resistance aluminum-based composite material brake hub casting comprises the following steps:
(1) before casting, the upper and lower molds were closed, and heated sufficiently to 300 ℃ by using a mold heater 5. One casting ladle 2 is filled with refined 15 percent SiCpThe melt of the silicon carbide particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite material is subjected to heat preservation, the temperature of the melt is 630 ℃, the melt of the aluminum alloy A357 is contained in the other casting ladle 3, and the temperature of the melt is 720 ℃.
(2) In casting, the motor 11 was turned on, the initial rotation speed of the motor 11 was set at 800rpm, and SiC was poured from the ladle 2 into the cup 4p[ A357 ] carbonizationSilicon particle reinforced aluminum-based composite material melt, enabling the composite material melt to be fully and centrifugally attached to the outer side of a cavity to form a composite material layer, when the composite material layer melt is solidified to 590 ℃, the composite material melt in the composite material layer is already in a semi-solid state, then pouring an A357 aluminum alloy melt in a pouring ladle 3 into a pouring cup 4, simultaneously gradually increasing the revolution of a motor 11 to 3000 revolutions, mixing the melt with the composite material melt at the inner side of the composite material under the action of centrifugal force to form an A357 aluminum alloy layer, then gradually increasing the revolution of the motor 11 to 6000 revolutions, fully filling a casting under the action of larger centrifugal force, when the melt is poured and filled, closing the motor 11, rapidly descending a punch 1, enabling the punch 1 to be extruded into a pouring gate 6, then pressurizing and maintaining the punch 1, wherein the pressurizing and maintaining pressure is 80MPa, and the maintaining time is 12 seconds, so that the metal melt is fully filled and solidified, thus obtaining a compact composite material brake hub, as shown in fig. 2, the outer layer of the brake hub is a composite material wear-resistant layer 13, and the inner layer is a high-strength high-toughness layer 12.
(3) And (3) taking the aluminum matrix composite brake hub out of the mold after casting, cleaning the upper mold 7 and the lower mold 8, spraying a release agent, repeating the above process, and entering the next casting.
Example 2
The 22-inch composite aluminum alloy automobile brake drum prepared by the embodiment requires that the inner wall is wear-resistant, and the outer wall has high strength and toughness.
By adopting the method of the invention, 7050 aluminum alloy with high strength and toughness is adopted on the outer wall of the brake drum, and SiC with 20 percent of volume content is adopted on the inner wallpThe/7050 silicon carbide particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite material.
The adopted specific equipment and the preparation process are as follows:
the device for preparing the high-strength high-toughness high-wear-resistance aluminum-based composite material brake drum casting is provided with 2 casting ladles, one casting ladle is used for containing silicon carbide particle reinforced aluminum-based composite material melt, and the other casting ladle is used for containing 7050 aluminum alloy melt, as shown in figure 1.
Based on the device, the method for preparing the high-strength high-toughness high-wear-resistance aluminum-based composite material automobile brake drum casting comprises the following steps:
(1) before casting, the upper and lower molds were closed, and heated sufficiently to 400 ℃ by using a mold heater 5. One casting ladle 2 is filled with refined SiC with the volume percentage of 20 percentpThe melt of the silicon carbide particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite material is insulated, and the melt temperature is 650 ℃. The other casting ladle 3 is filled with 7050 aluminum alloy melt and is insulated, and the melt temperature is 700 ℃.
(2) When casting, the motor 11 is started, the initial rotation speed of the motor 11 is set to be 1000rpm, 7050 aluminum alloy melt is poured into the pouring cup 4 from the pouring ladle 3, the 7050 aluminum alloy melt is fully and centrifugally attached to the outer side of the cavity to form a 7050 aluminum alloy material layer, when the melt on the inner side of the 7050 aluminum alloy material layer is solidified to 620 ℃, the 7050 aluminum alloy melt is already in a semi-solid state, and SiC in the pouring ladle 2 is poured at the momentpThe method comprises the steps of pouring/7050 silicon carbide particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite melt into a pouring cup 4, gradually increasing the revolution of a motor 11 to 2500 revolutions, mixing the melt with the melt on the inner side of a 7050 aluminum alloy material layer under the action of centrifugal force to form a 7050 aluminum alloy layer, gradually increasing the revolution of the motor 11 to 5400 revolutions, fully filling a casting under the action of larger centrifugal force, closing the motor 11 when the melt is poured and filled, quickly descending a punch 1 to extrude the punch 1 into a pouring gate 6, pressurizing and maintaining the punch 1 at 150MPa for 20 seconds to fully fill and solidify the metal melt, and thus obtaining the compact composite brake drum as shown in figure 3, wherein the inner layer of the brake drum is a composite wear-resistant layer 13, and the outer layer of the brake drum is a high-strength high-toughness layer 12.
(3) And (3) when the casting is finished, taking the aluminum matrix composite brake drum out of the mold, cleaning the upper mold 7 and the lower mold 8, spraying a release agent, repeating the above process, and entering the next casting.
Example 3
The composite aluminum alloy automobile brake drum with the specification of 18 inches is prepared by the embodiment, and the brake drum requires that the inner wall is wear-resistant, and the outer wall has high strength and toughness. By adopting the method, the A357 aluminum alloy with high strength and toughness is adopted on the outer wall of the brake drum. And the inner wall of the brake drum is made of a high-silicon aluminum alloy material with 25 percent (weight percentage) of silicon content.
The adopted specific equipment and the preparation process are as follows:
the device for preparing the composite aluminum alloy automobile brake drum casting is shown in fig. 1 and is provided with 2 casting ladles, one casting ladle is used for containing a high-silicon aluminum alloy melt with the high silicon content of 25%, and the other casting ladle is used for containing an A357 aluminum alloy melt.
Based on the device, the method for preparing the high-strength, high-toughness and high-wear-resistance composite material automobile brake drum casting comprises the following steps:
(1) before casting, the upper and lower molds were closed, and heated sufficiently to 400 ℃ by using a mold heater 5. Respectively pouring refined high-silicon aluminum alloy melt with 25 percent of silicon content into one casting ladle 2, and preserving heat, wherein the melt temperature is 720 ℃, pouring A357 aluminum alloy melt into the other casting ladle 3, and preserving heat, and the melt temperature is 670 ℃.
(2) When casting, the motor 11 is turned on, the initial rotation speed of the motor is set to be 800rpm, A357 aluminum alloy melt is poured into the pouring cup 4 from the pouring ladle 3, the A357 aluminum alloy melt is fully and centrifugally attached to the outer side of the cavity to form an A357 aluminum alloy layer, when the melt on the inner side of the A357 aluminum alloy layer is solidified to 590 ℃, the high-silicon aluminum alloy melt in the pouring ladle 2 is poured into the pouring cup 4, the rotation speed of the motor 11 is gradually increased to 3200 rpm, the melt is mixed with the melt on the inner side of the A357 aluminum alloy layer under the action of centrifugal force to form a wear-resistant material layer, then the rotation speed of the motor 11 is gradually increased to 5000 rpm, the casting is fully filled under the action of larger centrifugal force, when the melt is poured and filled, the motor 11 is turned off, the punch 1 is rapidly lowered, the punch 1 is extruded into the pouring gate 6, then the punch 1 is pressurized and maintained for 120MPa, the maintenance time is 15 seconds, thus obtaining the compact composite material brake drum, as shown in fig. 3, the outer wall of the brake drum is a high-strength high-toughness layer 12, and the inner wall is a composite material wear-resistant layer 13.
(3) And (3) when the casting is finished, taking the aluminum matrix composite brake drum out of the mold, cleaning the upper mold 7 and the lower mold 8, spraying a release agent, repeating the above process, and entering the next casting.
The composite material prepared by the invention has the advantages that under the action of high centrifugal shearing force and pressure, the organization structure is obviously improved, the grain refinement is obvious, the combination of the particles and the matrix is good, and the comprehensive performance is obviously improved. The invention has simple casting process and less flow, is carried out in air and normal pressure, and accords with the theme of energy conservation and environmental protection in the present society.
The above examples are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the device and the material preparation method of the present invention, but not limited thereto, and the present invention can also prepare castings with high thermal conductivity and high toughness, castings with high shielding, high strength and high toughness, and castings with high magnetic conductivity and high wear resistance. In a word, the metal matrix composite casting with different functions can be prepared according to the requirements of different functions of the casting.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a device of multi-functional metal matrix composite foundry goods which characterized in that: the device mainly comprises a punch, a pouring ladle, a pouring cup, a die heater, a pouring gate, an upper die, a lower die, a supporting seat, a base and a motor; the pouring cup is connected with the upper end of the pouring gate, and the pouring ladle is arranged above the side of the pouring cup; the punch is arranged above the pouring gate and can move up and down to enter and move out of the pouring gate; the mould heater is arranged at the periphery of the upper mould and the lower mould or embedded in the moulds; go up mould and bed die and arrange the supporting seat in on, the supporting seat is all arranged in on the base, and the supporting seat links up with the motor, and the motor passes through the supporting seat and drives mould and bed die rotation.
2. The apparatus for producing a multifunctional metal matrix composite casting according to claim 1, wherein: the number of the casting ladles is more than two; the punch head is in clearance fit with the pouring gate, and the punch head can move into the pouring gate to pressurize the alloy melt in the die.
3. The apparatus for producing a multifunctional metal matrix composite casting according to claim 1, wherein: the pouring gate is a straight pouring gate, or consists of a straight pouring gate and a horizontal pouring gate, or consists of a straight pouring gate, a horizontal pouring gate and an inner pouring gate; one end of the sprue is connected with the pouring cup, and the other end of the sprue is connected with the cavity or the cross gate; one end of the horizontal pouring gate is connected with the straight pouring gate, and the other end of the horizontal pouring gate is connected with the cavity or the inner pouring gate; one end of the ingate is connected with the horizontal pouring channel, and the other end of the ingate is connected with the cavity; the cross runners are 2-12 and are uniformly distributed.
4. The apparatus for producing a multifunctional metal matrix composite casting according to claim 1, wherein: the device is placed horizontally or vertically.
5. A method of making a multifunctional metal matrix composite casting, comprising the steps of:
(1) before casting, respectively embedding a pouring cup and a pouring gate into an upper die and a lower die, then closing the upper die and the lower die, starting a die heater, heating the dies to a set temperature, respectively pouring more than two melts reaching the preset temperature into different pouring ladles, and waiting for pouring;
(2) during casting, the motor is turned on, and the number of revolutions of the motor is set, so that the mold rotates to a stable number of revolutions; then determining the pouring sequence of different melts according to different functional requirements of the casting; filling the poured melt to the outer wall of the mold cavity under the action of centrifugal force to form a metal layer with a certain function, pouring another melt when the melt of the metal layer is solidified to a semi-solid temperature range of the melt, and so on; gradually increasing the revolution of the motor in the pouring process to enable the melt to fully fill the die cavity under larger centrifugal force, closing the motor when the pouring and filling of the melt are finished, descending the punch into the pouring gate, and then pressurizing and maintaining the pressure of the punch to fully fill and solidify the melt in the die under larger action;
(3) and when the casting is finished, the punch is lifted, the upper die and the lower die are opened, the casting is separated from the cavity, then the die is cleaned, the release agent is sprayed, the process is repeated, and the next casting is carried out.
6. The method of making a multifunctional metal matrix composite casting according to claim 5, wherein: the melt is a metal melt or a metal-based composite material melt; the metal melt or the metal matrix composite material melt is a liquid melt or a semi-solid melt.
7. The method of making a multifunctional metal matrix composite casting according to claim 5, wherein: the rotation number of the motor is continuously increased along with the pouring and filling of the melt, the initial rotation number of the motor is 50-1000rpm, and the rotation number of the motor is 300-6000rpm when the melt is solidified.
8. The method of making a multifunctional metal matrix composite casting according to claim 5, wherein: and the punch head is used for pressurizing and maintaining pressure of 20-200MPa for 5-20 seconds.
9. The method of making a multifunctional metal matrix composite casting according to claim 5, wherein: according to the requirements of different functions of the casting, a plurality of different metal melts or metal-based composite material melts are poured in sequence to prepare the multifunctional composite material casting with high strength and toughness, high heat conductivity, high electric conductivity, high wear resistance, high shielding and/or high magnetic conductivity.
10. The method of making a multifunctional metal matrix composite casting according to claim 9, wherein: the amount of each metal melt or metal matrix composite melt is precisely and quantitatively controlled.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811325796.2A CN111151730A (en) | 2018-11-08 | 2018-11-08 | Device and method for preparing multifunctional metal-based composite material casting |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811325796.2A CN111151730A (en) | 2018-11-08 | 2018-11-08 | Device and method for preparing multifunctional metal-based composite material casting |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN111151730A true CN111151730A (en) | 2020-05-15 |
Family
ID=70554908
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811325796.2A Pending CN111151730A (en) | 2018-11-08 | 2018-11-08 | Device and method for preparing multifunctional metal-based composite material casting |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN111151730A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112719249A (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2021-04-30 | 湖南文昌新材科技股份有限公司 | Device and method for preparing gradient composite material casting |
-
2018
- 2018-11-08 CN CN201811325796.2A patent/CN111151730A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112719249A (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2021-04-30 | 湖南文昌新材科技股份有限公司 | Device and method for preparing gradient composite material casting |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN106955985B (en) | A kind of secondary Compound Extrusion casting method of aluminium alloy semi-solid | |
| CN105041921B (en) | A kind of automobile brake disc and preparation method thereof | |
| CN104014760B (en) | A kind of die casting that can prevent foundry goods shrinkage cavity and its extrusion process | |
| CN108129168B (en) | Preparation method of aluminum-based composite material based on 3D printing and aluminum-based composite material | |
| US20030141033A1 (en) | Semi-solid molding method | |
| CN103042195B (en) | Extrusion casting manufacture method of piston with reinforced pseudo-alloy circular groove | |
| CN104841908A (en) | Compound extrusion casting method of aluminum alloy ring | |
| CN103170588B (en) | A kind of warm type casting method | |
| JP3275052B2 (en) | Vertical die casting method and equipment | |
| CN103978156A (en) | Method for controlling coagulation and cooling of investment castings | |
| CN108326256A (en) | A kind of low pressure fills type High Pressure Solidification casting device and casting method | |
| CN103418768A (en) | Method for centrifugally casting particle-reinforced brake disc | |
| CN101293276A (en) | Method for casting brass ware | |
| CN103406514B (en) | The method of the spontaneous particle reinforce cylinder jacket of a kind of centrifugal casting | |
| CN111151730A (en) | Device and method for preparing multifunctional metal-based composite material casting | |
| CN108296468A (en) | A kind of pressure regulation supercharging casting machine fills the casting device and casting method of type High Pressure Solidification with low pressure | |
| CN202951845U (en) | Hub feeding gating system | |
| CN106424571A (en) | Cavity structure of middle box of wind turbine generator system and method for preparing middle box through cavity structure | |
| CN107477117B (en) | A kind of functionally gradient aluminum matrix composite brake disc preparation method | |
| WO1999006606A1 (en) | Cast metal-matrix composite material and its use | |
| CN209255808U (en) | A kind of device preparing multifunctional metal-base composite casting | |
| CN1323783C (en) | Magnesium alloy hub pressure casting apparatus and method thereof | |
| CN206215878U (en) | A kind of Gravity Permanent-Mold Casting Process mould for preparing magnesium alloy ingot sample | |
| CN102784898B (en) | Local pressurization mechanism and method for producing automobile engine suspension shock insulators by same | |
| CN212451584U (en) | Vertical manufacturing device and horizontal manufacturing device of brake disc |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| TA01 | Transfer of patent application right |
Effective date of registration: 20210721 Address after: 101407 No.11, Xingke East Street, Yanqi Economic and Technological Development Zone, Huairou District, Beijing Applicant after: Youyan metal composite technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: 101407 No. 11 Xingke East Street, Yanqi Economic Development Zone, Huairou District, Beijing Applicant before: YOUYAN ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH INSTITUTE Co.,Ltd. |
|
| TA01 | Transfer of patent application right |