CN111147150B - Distributed optical frequency transmission device and transmission method based on passive phase compensation - Google Patents
Distributed optical frequency transmission device and transmission method based on passive phase compensation Download PDFInfo
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- CN111147150B CN111147150B CN201911306753.4A CN201911306753A CN111147150B CN 111147150 B CN111147150 B CN 111147150B CN 201911306753 A CN201911306753 A CN 201911306753A CN 111147150 B CN111147150 B CN 111147150B
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- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
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- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/50—Transmitters
- H04B10/58—Compensation for non-linear transmitter output
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
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Abstract
The invention relates to an optical frequency transmission device and a transmission method based on passive phase compensation, wherein the device comprises a local end, a transmission link, a user end and an access end. The invention can obtain optical frequency signals with stable phases at any position of a transmission link, and has the characteristics of simple structure, high reliability and low realization cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to optical fiber time and frequency transmission, in particular to a distributed optical frequency transmission device and a transmission method based on passive phase compensation.
Background
The time is one of seven international basic units with the highest measurement precision, and the precise time frequency plays a vital role in advanced scientific research such as deep space exploration, radio astronomy, basic physical research, geophysical measurement, navigation positioning, precise metering, geodetic measurement and observation and major infrastructure and engineering. With the rapid development of the optical frequency standard technology, the optical frequency standard technology has become a powerful competitor for the next generation of time frequency reference. At present, a satellite-based space-based time frequency synchronization system can only realize nanosecond-level time synchronization precision and 10 nanosecond-level time synchronization precision -15 Frequency transmission stability per day. Based on optical fiber or free space link optical frequency to overcome technical difficulty of satellite time frequency transmissionTransmission technology has been proven many times to be an effective solution to break through the limitations of the prior art and achieve long distance transmission. The optical fiber has the advantages of low loss, high reliability, large bandwidth, no electromagnetic interference, small external disturbance and the like. Optical frequency transfer over fiber or free space links has therefore attracted a great deal of interest and attention internationally. The related research has been carried out successively in the countries of the United states, european Union and Japan. However, many demands require point-to-multipoint distributed optical frequency delivery.
At present, distributed optical frequency transmission based on active phase compensation is available, and a distributed optical transmission scheme based on passive phase compensation is not reported. Active phase noise requires the use of a servo control unit, which increases the complexity of the system and thus reduces the reliability of the system.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention provides a distributed optical frequency transmission apparatus and a transmission method based on passive phase compensation, which is directed to the deficiencies of the prior art and the working. The invention realizes the distributed optical frequency transmission based on passive phase compensation by simply carrying out optical frequency mixing, microwave filtering and frequency division processing and optical frequency shift at the access node, and has simple system structure and high reliability.
The technical solution of the invention is as follows:
an optical frequency transmission device based on passive phase compensation is characterized in that it comprises a local end, a transmission link, a user end and an access end,
the local end comprises an optical isolator unit, a first optical coupler, a first Faraday rotator mirror, a first acousto-optic frequency shifter, a photoelectric conversion unit, a mixer unit, a first microwave source, a frequency divider unit, a second microwave source and a first microwave power divider, wherein the input end of the optical isolator unit is the input end of an optical frequency signal to be transmitted, the output end of the optical isolator unit is connected with the port 1 of the first optical coupler, the ports 2, 3 and 4 of the first optical coupler are respectively connected with the input end of the photoelectric conversion unit, the port 1 of the first acousto-optic frequency shifter and the first Faraday rotator mirror, the port 3 of the first acousto-optic frequency shifter is connected with one end of the transmission link, the output end of the photoelectric conversion unit is connected with the first input port of the mixer unit, the second input port of the mixer unit is connected with the output end of the first acousto-optic frequency shifter, the output port of the mixer unit is connected with the input end of the frequency divider unit, the first input end of the first acousto-optic frequency divider unit is connected with the first input end of the microwave power divider, and the second acousto-optic frequency divider unit is connected with the first input end of the microwave power divider unit;
the user side consists of a second acousto-optic frequency shifter, a third microwave source, a second Faraday rotator mirror, a second optical coupler and a first optical filter, wherein a port 1 of the second acousto-optic frequency shifter is connected with the other end of the transmission link, a port 3 of the second acousto-optic frequency shifter is connected with a port 1 of the second optical coupler, ports 2 and 3 of the second optical coupler are respectively connected with the first optical filter and the second Faraday rotator mirror, and the output end of the third microwave source is connected with a port 2 of the second acousto-optic frequency shifter;
the access end consists of a third optical coupler, a second photoelectric conversion unit, a second frequency divider unit, a third acousto-optic frequency shifter, a second optical filter, a fourth optical coupler and a fifth optical coupler, wherein four ports of the third optical coupler are respectively connected with the transmission link, the input end of the fourth optical coupler and the input end of the fifth optical coupler, the output end of the fourth optical coupler is respectively connected with the input end of the third acousto-optic frequency shifter and the input end of the fifth optical coupler, the 3 port of the fifth optical coupler is connected with the input end of the second photoelectric conversion unit, the output end of the third acousto-optic frequency shifter is connected with the input end of the second optical filter, the output end of the second photoelectric conversion unit is connected with the input end of the second frequency divider unit, and the output end of the second frequency divider unit is connected with the microwave input port of the third acousto-optic frequency shifter.
The transmission link is composed of an optical fiber link or a free space link, and the free space link is composed of a free space light emitting module, a receiving module and a free space link.
The optical frequency transmission method using the optical frequency transmission device based on passive phase compensation is characterized by comprising the following specific steps of:
1) Optical frequency signal E to be transmitted 0 Passes through the optical isolator and the first optical coupler (which is divided into two parts, namely a part of optical frequency signal E) 0 The optical frequency signal is reflected by the first Faraday rotation mirror, passes through the first optical coupler and then is used as local reference light to be input into the photoelectric conversion unit, and the other part of the optical frequency signal is optical frequency signal E 0 The microwave signal is loaded into the first acousto-optic frequency shifter with the frequency of omega, and the first acousto-optic frequency shifter works in a down frequency shift mode L Optical frequency signal E received by said user terminal 0 The output of the second acousto-optic frequency shifter after frequency shift is E 1 ：
E 1 ∝cos[(ω 0 -Ω L +Ω R )t+φ p ]
In the formula, ω 0 、Ω R And phi p Respectively an input optical frequency signal E 0 Said second acoustic-optical frequency shifter operating signal angular frequency and said transfer link induced phase noise, whereby the input optical frequency signal E is ignored 0 The second microwave source and the third microwave source output signals. The output of the second acoustic optical frequency shifter is divided into two paths by the second optical coupler: a part of optical frequency signals output by the 2 port of the second optical coupler are used by users; another part of optical frequency signal E output by 3 ports of the second optical coupler 1 Reflected by the second Faraday rotator mirror and sequentially passes through the second optical couplerThe 3 ports and 1 port of the second acousto-optic frequency shifter, the 3 ports and 1 port of the second acousto-optic frequency shifter and the transmission link are returned to the local end, the signal returned to the local end passes through the 3 ports and 1 port of the first acousto-optic frequency shifter, the 3 ports and 2 ports of the first optical coupler and then is input into the photoelectric conversion unit, and is connected with the optical frequency signal E of the local end reference light 0 Beat frequency on the photoelectric conversion unit, and then filter out a lower sideband signal as E through a narrow-band-pass filter 3 ：
E 3 ∝cos[(Ω R -Ω L )t+2φ p ]
Wherein the forward and backward transmissions both introduce phase noise phi via said transmission link p ；
E 3 The angular frequency of the output of the mixer unit and the first microwave source is omega s Taking the upper sideband signal E after signal mixing 4 ：
E 4 ∝cos[(Ω s +Ω R -Ω L )t+2φ p ]
E 4 The output signal after passing through the frequency divider unit (15) is E 5 ：
E 5 ∝cos[(Ω s +Ω R -Ω L )t/2+φ p ]
E 5 After the microwave signal output by the second microwave source is combined through the first microwave power divider, the combined signal is loaded to the port 2 of the first acousto-optic frequency shifter;
the optical frequency signals which are sent to the user end again by the local end and output by the port 1 and the port 3 of the second acousto-optic frequency shifter and the port 1 and the port 2 of the second optical coupler are filtered out by the optical filter (22) 7 Middle second optical frequency signal E 7 ：
E 7 ∝cos[(ω 0 -(Ω s +Ω R -Ω L )/2)t]。
2) At any node of the transfer link, acquiring the forward optical signal E in the transfer link by adopting the third optical coupler 8 And backward optical signal E 9 ：
E 8 ∝cos[(ω 0 -Ω L +2Ω R )t+φ p +φ b ]+cos[(ω 0 +Ω L +Ω R )t+φ b ]
E 9 ∝cos[(ω 0 -Ω L )t+φ a ]+cos[(ω 0 +Ω L )t-φ p +φ a ]，
In the formula, phi a Transferring link-induced phase noise, phi, from local end to access end b Phase noise introduced for the transmission link between the subscriber and access terminals by adding E 8 And E 9 After the beat frequency E is input to the second photoelectric conversion unit through the fifth optical coupler 10 ：
E 10 ∝cos[Ω R t+φ p ]+cos[Ω R t+φ b -φ a ]cos[(3Ω R -2Ω L )t+φ b -φ a ]+cos[2(Ω R -Ω L )t+φ p +φ b -φ a ]+cos[(2Ω L -Ω R )t-φ p ]cos[2Ω R t+φ p +φ b -φ a ]
The E is 10 The last term is subjected to narrow-band filtering and frequency division by the second frequency divider unit, and the phase relation phi is utilized p ＝φ a +φ b Obtaining E 11 ：
E 11 ∝cos[Ω R t+φ b ]
Will E 11 After being loaded to the third acousto-optic frequency shifter, the transfer signal E is played back 12 ：
E 12 ∝cos[(ω 0 -Ω L +Ω R )t+φ p ]+cos[(ω 0 +Ω L )t]
Above formula E 12 The second term can be filtered out by the second optical filter to obtain the optical frequency signal E with stable phase 13 ＝cos[(ω 0 +Ω L ) t output.
The access node can obtain the optical frequency signal with stable phase through optical mixing, microwave frequency division and optical frequency shift.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: the optical frequency signal is transmitted to a user terminal through a transmission link at a local terminal, the user terminal returns the optical frequency signal to the local terminal through an acousto-optic frequency shifter and a reflector, the returned optical frequency signal and the local input optical frequency are subjected to frequency mixing in a photoelectric conversion unit and then filtered out a lower sideband signal to obtain phase noise introduced by the transmission link, the filtered out lower sideband signal is subjected to frequency halving, the frequency-divided signal is loaded to the acousto-optic frequency shifter at the local terminal again, the frequency-shifted optical frequency signal comprises an optical frequency signal with phase conjugate with the phase noise introduced by the transmission link, and the signal is transmitted to the user terminal through the transmission link to obtain an optical frequency signal with stable phase, so that the phase-stabilized transmission of the optical frequency of a main link is realized. Meanwhile, forward and backward optical signals are obtained at any position of a transmission link through an optical coupler and are subjected to frequency mixing on a photoelectric conversion unit, a narrow-band filter is adopted to take out corresponding microwave signals and carry out frequency halving, the frequency-divided microwave signals are loaded to an acousto-optic modulator to adjust the frequency of return optical signals, and the output end of the acousto-optic modulator can obtain frequency signals with stable phases through the optical filter, so that distributed optical frequency transmission is realized.
The invention has the following technical effects:
experiments show that forward and backward signals are extracted by the optical coupler in the transmission link, the signals are filtered out by the narrow-band microwave filter after the beat frequency of the photoelectric conversion unit, and the optical frequency signals with stable phases are obtained at any position of the transmission link by a method of real-time compensation of the acousto-optic modulator. The middle shaft has the characteristics of simple structure, high reliability and low implementation cost.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a distributed optical frequency transfer apparatus based on passive phase compensation according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described with reference to the following embodiments and the accompanying drawings, wherein the embodiments are implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and detailed embodiments and specific work flows are provided, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical frequency transmission apparatus based on passive phase compensation according to an embodiment of the present invention, and it can be seen from the diagram that the optical frequency transmission apparatus based on passive phase compensation according to the present invention includes a local end 1, a transmission link 2, a user end 3 and an access end 4,
the local terminal 1 is composed of an optical isolator unit 10, a first optical coupler 11, a first faraday rotator mirror 12, a first acousto-optic frequency shifter 13, a photoelectric conversion unit 14, a mixer unit 15, a first microwave source 16, a frequency divider unit 17, a second microwave source 18, and a first microwave power divider 19, an input end of the optical isolator unit 10 is an input end of an optical frequency signal to be transmitted, an output end of the optical isolator unit 10 is connected with a port 1 of the first optical coupler 11, ports 2, 3, and 4 of the first optical coupler 11 are respectively connected with an input end of the first photoelectric conversion unit 14, a port 1 of the first acousto-optic frequency shifter 13, and the first faraday rotator mirror 12, a port 3 of the first acousto-optic frequency shifter 13 is connected with one end of the transmission link 2, an output end of the photoelectric conversion unit 14 is connected with a first input end of the mixer unit 15, a second input end of the mixer unit 15 is connected with a first input end of the first acousto-optic frequency shifter unit 16, an output end of the first acousto-optic frequency shifter unit 17 is connected with an output end of the first frequency divider unit 19, and an output end of the first acousto-optic frequency divider unit 17 is connected with an output end of the first acousto-optic frequency divider unit 19;
the user end 3 is composed of a second optical frequency shifter 20, a third microwave source 21, a second faraday rotator mirror 22, a second optical coupler 23 and a first optical filter 24, a port 1 of the second optical frequency shifter 20 is connected with the other end of the transmission link 2, a port 3 of the second optical frequency shifter 20 is connected with a port 1 of the second optical coupler 23, ports 2 and 3 of the second optical coupler 23 are respectively connected with the first optical filter 24 and the second faraday rotator mirror 22, and an output end of the third microwave source 21 is connected with a port 2 of the second optical frequency shifter 20;
the access terminal 4 is composed of a third optical coupler 25, a second photoelectric conversion unit 26, a second frequency divider unit 27, a third acousto-optic frequency shifter 28, a second optical filter 29, a fourth optical coupler 30 and a fifth optical coupler 31, four ports of the third optical coupler 25 are respectively connected with the input end of the transfer link 2, the input end of the fourth optical coupler (30) and the input end of the fifth optical coupler 31, an output end of the fourth optical coupler (30) is respectively connected with the input end of the third acousto-optic frequency shifter 28 and the 2 ports of the fifth optical coupler 31, a 3 port of the fifth optical coupler 31 is connected with the input end of the second photoelectric conversion unit 26, an output end of the third acousto-optic frequency shifter 28 is connected with the input end of the second acousto-optic frequency shifter 29, an output end of the second photoelectric conversion unit 26 is connected with the input end of the second frequency divider unit 27, and an output end of the second frequency divider unit is connected with the microwave input port of the third acousto-optic frequency shifter 28.
The transmission link 2 is composed of an optical fiber link or a free space link, and the free space link is composed of a free space light emitting module, a receiving module and a free space link.
The optical frequency transmission method using the optical frequency transmission device based on passive phase compensation comprises the following specific steps:
1) Optical frequency signal E to be transmitted 0 After passing through the optical isolator 10 and the first optical coupler 11, the optical coupler is divided into two parts: a portion of the optical frequency signal E 0 Reflected by the first Faraday rotator mirror 12, passed through the first optical coupler 11, and then input into the photoelectric conversion unit 14 as local reference light, and another part of the optical frequency signal E 0 Enters the transmission link 2 after passing through the first acousto-optic frequency shifter 13, the first acousto-optic frequency shifter 13 works in a down frequency shift mode, and the second acousto-optic frequency shifter 13 works in a down frequency shift modeThe frequency of the microwave signal loaded to the first acousto-optic frequency shifter 13 from the microwave signals output by the two microwave sources 18 is Ω L Said user terminal 3 receives optical frequency signal E 0 The output of the second acousto-optic frequency shifter (20) after frequency shift is E 1 ：
E 1 ∝cos[(ω 0 -Ω L +Ω R )t+φ p ]
In the formula, omega 0 、Ω R And phi p The angular frequency of the input optical frequency signal E0, the angular frequency of the operating signal of said second acoustic-optical frequency shifter 20 and the phase noise introduced by said transmission link 2, respectively, are ignored here 0 The second 18 and third 21 microwave sources output the initial phase of the signal. The output of the second acousto-optic frequency shifter 20 is divided into two paths by the second optical coupler 23: a part of the optical frequency signal output by the port 2 of the second optical coupler 23 is used by a user; another part of the optical frequency signal E output through the 3-port of the second optical coupler 23 1 Reflected by the second faraday rotator 22 and returned to the local terminal 1 through the 3 ports and 1 ports of the second optical coupler 23, the 3 ports and 1 ports of the second acousto-optic frequency shifter 20, and the transmission link 2 in sequence, wherein the signal returned to the local terminal 1 is input to the photoelectric conversion unit 14 after passing through the 3 ports and 1 ports of the first acousto-optic frequency shifter 13, the 3 ports and 2 ports of the first optical coupler 11, and an optical frequency signal E between the signal and the local terminal reference light 0 Beat frequency on the photoelectric conversion unit 14, and then filter out a lower sideband signal as E through a narrow-band-pass filter 3 ：
E 3 ∝cos[(Ω R -Ω L )t+2φ p ]
Wherein the forward transmission and the backward transmission both introduce phase noise phi via the transmission link 2 p ；
E 3 The output angular frequency of the first microwave source 16 is omega through the mixer unit 15 s Taking an upper sideband signal E after signal mixing 4 ：
E 4 ∝cos[(Ω s +Ω R -Ω L )t+2φ p ]
E 4 The output signal after passing through the frequency divider unit 15 is E 5 ：
E 5 ∝cos[(Ω s +Ω R -Ω L )t/2+φ p ]
E 5 After the microwave signal output by the second microwave source 18 is combined by the first microwave power divider 19, the combined signal is simultaneously loaded to the port 2 of the first acousto-optic frequency shifter 13;
the optical frequency signals sent by the local 1 to the user end again and output through the ports 1 and 3 of the second acousto-optic frequency shifter 18 and the ports 1 and 2 of the second optical coupler 21 are filtered out by the optical filter 22 to obtain E 7 Middle second optical frequency signal E 7 ：
E 7 ∝cos[(ω 0 -(Ω s +Ω R -Ω L )/2)t]。
2) At any node of the transfer link 2, the forward optical signal E in the transfer link is obtained by using the third optical coupler 25 8 And backward optical signal E 9 ：
E 8 ∝cos[(ω 0 -Ω L +2Ω R )t+φ p +φ b ]+cos[(ω 0 +Ω L +Ω R )t+φ b ]
E 9 ∝cos[(ω 0 -Ω L )t+φ a ]+cos[(ω 0 +Ω L )t-φ p +φ a ]，
In the formula, phi a Transferring link-induced phase noise, phi, from the local 1 to the access 4 b Phase noise introduced for the transmission link between the user terminal 3 and the access terminal 4 by adding E 8 And E 9 Is input to the second photoelectric conversion unit 26 via the fifth optical coupler 31 after beat frequency E 10 ：
E 10 ∝cos[Ω R t+φ p ]+cos[Ω R t+φ b -φ a ]cos[(3Ω R -2Ω L )t+φ b -φ a ]+cos[2(Ω R -Ω L )t+φ p +φ b -φ a ]+cos[(2Ω L -Ω R )t-φ p ]cos[2Ω R t+φ p +φ b -φ a ]
E 10 The last term is narrow-band filtered and frequency-divided by the second frequency divider block 27, and uses the phase relation phi p ＝φ a +φ b Obtaining E 11 ：
E 11 ∝cos[Ω R t+φ b ]
Will E 11 After loading the third acousto-optic frequency shifter 28, the transfer signal E is played back 12 ：
E 12 ∝cos[(ω 0 -Ω L +Ω R )t+φ p ]+cos[(ω 0 +Ω L )t]
Above formula E 12 The second term can be filtered out by said second optical filter 29 to obtain a phase-stable optical frequency signal E 13 ＝cos[(ω 0 +Ω L ) And t is output.
The visible access node can obtain an optical frequency signal with stable phase through optical mixing, microwave frequency division and optical frequency shift. Experiments show that forward and backward signals are extracted by the optical coupler in the transmission link, the signals are filtered out by the narrow-band microwave filter after the beat frequency of the photoelectric conversion unit, and the optical frequency signals with stable phases are obtained at any position of the transmission link by a method of real-time compensation of the acousto-optic modulator. The middle shaft has the characteristics of simple structure, high reliability and low implementation cost.
Claims (3)
1. An optical frequency transmission device based on passive phase compensation is characterized in that the device comprises a local end (1), a transmission link (2), a user end (3) and an access end (4),
the local terminal (1) is composed of an optical isolator unit (10), a first optical coupler (11), a first Faraday rotator mirror (12), a first acousto-optic frequency shifter (13), a photoelectric conversion unit (14), a mixer unit (15), a first microwave source (16), a frequency divider unit (17), a second microwave source (18) and a first microwave power divider (19), the input end of the optical isolator unit (10) is the input end of an optical frequency signal to be transmitted, the output end of the optical isolator unit (10) is connected with the port 1 of the first optical coupler (11), the ports 2, 3 and 4 of the first optical coupler (11) are respectively connected with the input end of the photoelectric conversion unit (14), the port 1 of the first acousto-optic frequency shifter (13) and the port 1 of the first Faraday rotator mirror (12), the port 3 of the first acousto-optic frequency shifter (13) is connected with one end of the transmission link (2), the output end of the photoelectric conversion unit (14) is connected with the output end of the first Faraday rotator mirror (15), the output end of the photoelectric conversion unit (14) is connected with the output end of the first acousto-optic frequency shifter unit (15), the output end of the first acousto-optic frequency shifter unit (17) is connected with the input end of the first frequency divider unit (17), the output end of the first acousto-optic frequency divider unit (17) is connected with the output end of the first acousto-optic frequency divider unit (17), the output end of the second microwave source (18) is connected with the second input end of the first microwave power divider (19), and the output end of the first microwave power divider (19) is connected with the 2-port end of the first acousto-optic frequency shifter (13);
the user side (3) is composed of a second acoustic optical frequency shifter (20), a third microwave source (21), a second Faraday rotator mirror (22), a second optical coupler (23) and a first optical filter (24), a port 1 of the second acoustic optical frequency shifter (20) is connected with the other end of the transmission link (2), a port 3 of the second acoustic optical frequency shifter (20) is connected with a port 1 of the second optical coupler (23), ports 2 and 3 of the second optical coupler (23) are respectively connected with the first optical filter (24) and the second Faraday rotator mirror (22), and an output end of the third microwave source (21) is connected with a port 2 of the second acoustic optical frequency shifter (20);
the access end (4) is composed of a third optical coupler (25), a second photoelectric conversion unit (26), a second frequency divider unit (27), a third acousto-optic frequency shifter (28), a second optical filter (29), a fourth optical coupler (30) and a fifth optical coupler (31), wherein four ports of the third optical coupler (25) are respectively connected with the transmission link (2), the input end of the fourth optical coupler (30) and the input end of the fifth optical coupler (31), the output end of the fourth optical coupler (30) is respectively connected with the input end of the third acousto-optic frequency shifter (28) and the input end of the fifth optical coupler (31) and 2 ports thereof, the 3 ports of the fifth optical coupler (31) is connected with the input end of the second photoelectric conversion unit (26), the output end of the third acousto-optic frequency shifter (28) is connected with the input end of the second optical filter (29), the output end of the second photoelectric conversion unit (26) is connected with the input end of the second optical frequency divider (27), and the output end of the microwave acousto-optic frequency shifter (28) is connected with the input end of the microwave frequency shifter (28).
2. The optical frequency transfer device based on passive phase compensation according to claim 1, wherein the transfer link (2) is an optical fiber link or a free space link, and the free space link is composed of a free space optical transmitting module, a receiving module and a free space link.
3. The optical frequency transmission method using the optical frequency transmission device based on passive phase compensation as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following specific steps:
1) Optical frequency signal E to be transmitted 0 The optical isolator (10) and the first optical coupler (11) are divided into two parts: a part of the optical frequency signal E 0 The optical frequency signal E is reflected by the first Faraday rotation mirror (12), passes through the first optical coupler (11) and then is input into the photoelectric conversion unit (14) as local reference light, and the other part of the optical frequency signal E 0 The microwave signal enters the transmission link (2) after passing through the first acousto-optic frequency shifter (13), the first acousto-optic frequency shifter (13) works in a down frequency shift mode, and the frequency of the microwave signal loaded to the first acousto-optic frequency shifter (13) by the microwave signal output by the second microwave source (18) is omega L Said user terminal (3) receiving optical frequency signal E 0 The output after the frequency shift of the second acousto-optic frequency shifter (20)Is taken out as E 1 ：
E 1 ∝cos[(ω 0 -Ω L +Ω R )t+φ p ]
In the formula, ω 0 、Ω R And phi p Respectively an input optical frequency signal E 0 Said second acoustic-optical frequency shifter (20) operating signal angular frequency and said transfer link (2) introducing phase noise, ignoring the input optical frequency signal E 0 The second microwave source (18) and the third microwave source (21) output the initial phase of the signals, and the output of the second optical frequency shifter (20) is divided into two paths by the second optical coupler (23): a part of optical frequency signals output by the 2 port of the second optical coupler (23) are used by users; another part of the optical frequency signal E output by the 3 port of the second optical coupler (23) 1 Reflected by the second Faraday rotator (22) and returned to the local end (1) through the port 3 and the port 1 of the second optical coupler (23), the port 3 and the port 1 of the second acousto-optic frequency shifter (20) and the transfer link (2), wherein the signal returned to the local end (1) is input into the photoelectric conversion unit (14) after passing through the port 3 and the port 1 of the first acousto-optic frequency shifter (13) and the port 3 and the port 2 of the first optical coupler (11), and is also input into the optical frequency signal E of the local end reference light 0 Beat frequency on the photoelectric conversion unit (14), and then filter out a lower sideband signal as E through a narrow-band-pass filter 3 ：
E 3 ∝cos[(Ω R -Ω L )t+2φ p ]
Wherein the forward and backward transmissions both introduce phase noise phi via said transmission link (2) p ；
E 3 The output angular frequency of the mixer unit (15) and the first microwave source (16) is omega s Taking an upper sideband signal E after signal mixing 4 ：
E 4 ∝cos[(Ω s +Ω R -Ω L )t+2φ p ]
E 4 The output signal after passing through the frequency divider unit (17) is E 5 ：
E 5 ∝cos[(Ω S +Ω R -Ω L )t/2+φ p ]
E 5 After being combined with the microwave signal output by the second microwave source (18) through a first microwave power divider (19), the combined microwave signal is loaded to a port 2 of the first acousto-optic frequency shifter (13);
the optical frequency signals output by the local end (1) which is sent to the user end again through the ports 1 and 3 of the second acousto-optic frequency shifter (20) and the ports 1 and 2 of the second optical coupler (23) are filtered out E through the optical filter (22) 7 Middle second optical frequency signal F 7 ：
E 7 ∝cos[(ω 0 -(Ω S +Ω R -Ω L )/2)t]；
2) At any node of the transfer link (2), acquiring the forward optical signal E in the transfer link by adopting the third optical coupler (25) 8 And backward optical signal E 9 ：
E 8 ∝cos[(ω 0 -Ω L +2Ω R )t+φ p +φ b [+cos[(ω 0 +Ω L +Ω R )t+φ b ]
E 9 ∝cos[(ω 0 -Ω L )t+φ a ]+cos[(ω 0 +Ω L )t-φ p +φ a ]，
In the formula, phi a Transferring link-induced phase noise, phi, from the local end (1) to the access end (4) b Phase noise introduced for the transmission link between the user terminal (3) and the access terminal (4) by adding E 8 And E 9 Is input to the second photoelectric conversion unit (26) through the fifth optical coupler (31) after beat frequency E 10 ：
E 10 ∝cos[Ω R t+φ p ]+cos[Ω R t+φ b -φ a ]cos[(3Ω R -2Ω L )t+φ b -φ a ]+cos[2(Ω R -ΩL)t+φ p +φ b -φ a ]+cos[(2Ω L -Ω R )t-φ p ]cos[2Ω R t+φ p +φ b -φ a ]
The E 10 The last term is narrowband filtered and frequency-divided by the second frequency divider unit (27) and uses the phase relation phi p ＝φ a +φ b Obtaining E 11 ：
E 11 ∝cos[Ω R t+φ b ]
Will E 11 After loading into said third acousto-optic frequency shifter (28), a transfer signal E is reproduced 12 ：
E 12 ∝cos[ω 0 -Ω L +Ω R )t+φ p ]+cos[(ω 0 +Ω L )t]
Above formula E 12 The second term can be filtered out by the second optical filter (29) to obtain a phase-stable optical frequency signal E 13 ＝cos[(ω 0 +Ω L ) t output.
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