CN111146772A - 断路器方向性过电流的保护方法 - Google Patents

断路器方向性过电流的保护方法 Download PDF

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CN111146772A
CN111146772A CN201811314495.XA CN201811314495A CN111146772A CN 111146772 A CN111146772 A CN 111146772A CN 201811314495 A CN201811314495 A CN 201811314495A CN 111146772 A CN111146772 A CN 111146772A
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fault
circuit breaker
current
phase difference
overcurrent
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樊宏斌
谢建波
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Shanghai Liangxin Electrical Co Ltd
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Shanghai Liangxin Electrical Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201811314495.XA priority Critical patent/CN111146772A/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2019/102979 priority patent/WO2020093763A1/zh
Priority to EP19882593.7A priority patent/EP3879657A4/en
Priority to JP2021524261A priority patent/JP2022508061A/ja
Priority to KR1020217016872A priority patent/KR20210084619A/ko
Publication of CN111146772A publication Critical patent/CN111146772A/zh
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/26—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured
    • H02H7/261—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured involving signal transmission between at least two stations
    • H02H7/262—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured involving signal transmission between at least two stations involving transmissions of switching or blocking orders
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
    • H02H3/38—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to both voltage and current; responsive to phase angle between voltage and current
    • H02H3/382—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to both voltage and current; responsive to phase angle between voltage and current involving phase comparison between current and voltage or between values derived from current and voltage
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/26—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
    • H02H3/08—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess current
    • H02H3/081—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess current and depending on the direction
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/26—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured
    • H02H7/261—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured involving signal transmission between at least two stations
    • H02H7/263—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured involving signal transmission between at least two stations involving transmissions of measured values
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/74—Means for adjusting the conditions under which the device will function to provide protection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
    • H02H3/02—Details
    • H02H3/04—Details with warning or supervision in addition to disconnection, e.g. for indicating that protective apparatus has functioned
    • H02H3/042—Details with warning or supervision in addition to disconnection, e.g. for indicating that protective apparatus has functioned combined with means for locating the fault

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  • Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种断路器方向性过电流的保护方法，它包括故障方向判定、故障仲裁和执行脱扣动作，该断路器方向性过电流的保护方法，在断路器出口侧采集电压电流的基础上只通过算法就可以达到过流方向性保护。只需在断路器出口侧采集电压电流，不增加硬件成本。

Description

断路器方向性过电流的保护方法
技术领域
本发明属于断路器技术领域，具体讲就是涉及一种断路器方向性过电流的保护方法。
背景技术
现有的技术中，万能式断路器都具有三段式保护，在单电源供电的网络中，依靠动作定值和时限的配合关系就可实现在故障发生时选择性动作；在实际电网中，可能包含多个电源供电的情况，尤其是输电网络和部分配电网络大多是由双端电源供电的。在这样的双电网供电中，当故障发生时单靠定值和动作延时是无法满足选择性跳闸的要求且容易造成保护的误动作。
中国专利CN106849034公开了一种用于对采用闭环运行方式的配电网中以对保护对象的过电流故障进行故障判别和切除的基于配电网闭环运行方式的过电流保护方法，为：在保护对象的两端分别测量得到两个故障电流，分别计算两个故障电流的相位，基于两个故障电流的相位判定出保护对象两端的故障方向，比较保护对象两端的故障方向而判别出过电流故障的位置，然后对过电流故障进行切除。该技术方案基于配电网闭环运行方式，解决了在闭环运行的配电网中误动或拒动问题，能够快速、可靠地进行过电流保护，从而可以在实际应用中减小配电网故障所导致的停电范围、减少停电时间。但是该种技术方案要需在对象两侧安装两个电流测量装置，导致增加成本，不利于断路器产品的体积小型化。
发明内容
本发明的目的就是针对上述现有的双电网供电的网络中，依靠定值和动作延时不能正确选择性跳闸，出现误动作的技术问题，提供一种断路器方向性过电流的保护方法，通过单向采集电压电流信号即可判断过电流方向，正确选择跳闸动作。
技术方案
为了实现上述技术目的，本发明提供的1、断路器方向性过电流的保护方法，其特征在于，它包括以下几个步骤：
(1)故障方向判定:先通过在断路器出口侧采集电流判断出过流的基础上，再依靠电路中的电压和电流通过算法计算出故障电流的相位差，该相位差即故障电流的逻辑方向；
(2)故障仲裁:将所述步骤(1)中的故障电流的逻辑方向与初始保护设定的逻辑方向比较是否一致，根据比较结果再做出断路器是否需要执行故障切除动作；
(3)执行脱扣动作：如果所述步骤(2)中逻辑方向比较结果为不一致，则不执行脱扣动作，如果逻辑方向比较结果为相同，则通过脱扣器执行脱扣分闸动作。
进一步，所述步骤(1)中依靠电路中的电压和电流通过算法计算出故障电流的相位差的方法是通过在测量同一相的电流和电压过零点的时刻得到的相位差值，用差值来换算出相位差Φ，即：
对于系统为50Hz的电网来说，20mS(＝1000ms/50)对应360度，计算出相位差；
对于系统为60Hz的电网来说，16.6mS(＝1000ms/60)对应360度，计算出相位差。
进一步，当-90°<Φ<90°时，即电流流向为正向，说明故障发生在此断路器正方向上；
当90°<Φ<270°时，即电流流向为反向，说明故障发生在此断路器反方向上。
有益效果
本发明提供的一种断路器方向性过电流的保护方法，在断路器出口侧采集电压电流的基础上只通过算法就可以达到过电流方向性保护。只需在断路器出口侧采集电压电流，不增加硬件成本。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例，对本发明做进一步说明。
本发明提供的一个实施例：断路器方向性过电流的保护方法，它包括以下几个步骤：
第一步，进行故障电流方向的判定:先通过在断路器出口侧采集电流判断出过流的基础上，再依靠电路中的电压和电流数值通过算法计算出故障电流的相位，该相位即故障电流的逻辑方向；
其中，依靠电路中的电压和电流数值通过算法计算出故障电流的相位的方法是通过在测量得到的同一相的电流和电压过零点的时间作差值，用差值来换算出相位差Φ，即：
对于系统为50Hz的电网来说，20mS(＝1000ms/50)对应360度，计算出相位差；
对于系统为60Hz的电网来说，16.6mS(＝1000ms/60)对应360度，计算出相位差；
计算结果：
当-90°<Φ<90°时，即电流流向为正向，说明故障发生在此断路器正方向上；
当90°<Φ<270°时，即电流流向为反向，说明故障发生在此断路器反方向上；
第二步，故障仲裁:将所述第一步中的故障电流的逻辑方向与初始通过控制程序设定的逻辑方向比较是否一致，根据比较结果再做出断路器是否需要执行故障切除动作；
第三步，执行脱扣动作：如果所述步骤(2)中逻辑方向比较结果为一致，则不执行脱扣动作，如果逻辑方向比较结果为不同，则通过脱扣器执行脱扣分闸动作。
根据上述说明书的揭示和教导，本专利所属领域的技术人员还能够对上述实施方式进行变更和修改。因此，本发明并不局限于上述的具体实施方式，凡是本领域技术人员在本发明的基础上所作出的任何显而易见的改进、替换或变型均属于本发明的保护范围。
此外，尽管本说明书中使用了一些特定的术语，但这些术语只是为了方便说明，并不对本专利构成任何限制。

Claims (4)

1.断路器方向性过电流的保护方法，其特征在于，它包括以下几个步骤：
(1)故障方向判定:先通过在断路器出口侧采集电流判断出过流的基础上，再依靠电路中的电压和电流通过算法计算出故障电流的相位差，该相位差即故障电流的逻辑方向；
(2)故障仲裁:将所述步骤(1)中的故障电流的逻辑方向与初始保护设定的逻辑方向比较是否一致，根据比较结果再做出断路器是否需要执行故障切除动作；
(3)执行脱扣动作：如果所述步骤(2)中逻辑方向比较结果为不一致，则不执行脱扣动作，如果逻辑方向比较结果为相同，则通过脱扣器执行脱扣分闸动作。
2.如权利要求1所述的断路器过电流的保护方法，其特征在于：所述步骤(1)中依靠电路中的电压和电流通过算法计算出故障电流的相位差的方法是通过在测量同一相的电流和电压过零点的时刻得到差值，用差值来换算出相位差Φ，即：
对于系统为50Hz的电网来说，20mS(＝1000ms/50)对应360度，计算出相位差；
对于系统为60Hz的电网来说，16.6mS(＝1000ms/60)对应360度，计算出相位差。
3.如权利要求2所述的断路器过电流的保护方法,其特征在于：
当-90°<Φ<90°时，即电流流向为正向，说明故障发生在此断路器正方向上；
当90°<Φ<270°时，即电流流向为反向，说明故障发生在此断路器反方向上。
4.如权利要求1所述的断路器过电流的保护方法,其特征在于：所述步骤(2)中初始保护逻辑方向的设定是通过控制程序来实现的。
CN201811314495.XA 2018-11-06 2018-11-06 断路器方向性过电流的保护方法 Pending CN111146772A (zh)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201811314495.XA CN111146772A (zh) 2018-11-06 2018-11-06 断路器方向性过电流的保护方法
PCT/CN2019/102979 WO2020093763A1 (zh) 2018-11-06 2019-08-28 断路器方向性过电流的保护方法
EP19882593.7A EP3879657A4 (en) 2019-08-28 Directional overcurrent protection method of circuit breaker
JP2021524261A JP2022508061A (ja) 2018-11-06 2019-08-28 遮断器の方向過電流に対する保護方法
KR1020217016872A KR20210084619A (ko) 2018-11-06 2019-08-28 회로 차단기의 방향성 과전류 보호 방법

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Application publication date: 20200512