CN111144061A - Method for decomposing power supply power in linear circuit - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for decomposing power supply power in a linear circuit, which can select the power supply according to the actual requirement when an external power supply is connected again in a linear power electronic system so as to achieve the optimal configuration; the problem of power sources of an electronic power network can be solved in an auxiliary manner, and the problem of the source of each power in other power electronic systems can be solved; in the design of the multi-power-supply linear circuit system, power supplies with different powers can be selected according to actual requirements to form optimal configuration, and the purpose of not wasting precious electric energy resources is achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power engineering, in particular to a method for decomposing power supply power in a linear circuit.
Background
Due to the development of the electric power market, the power source problem of the power grid is gradually concerned by people. In a linear circuit, the power loss of any one branch does not satisfy the superposition theorem, i.e., in an electric power system, the power loss in one branch cannot be represented by the sum of the power losses respectively caused in this branch by a plurality of power sources. This is also the reason why power splitting is difficult. At present, in order to solve the power decomposition problem, various researchers have proposed many ideas and methods such as a current (power) proportional-squared apportionment method, a method in which the apportionment factor is complex, and the like, but these methods have not been satisfactorily explained. Another power decomposition method is proposed in the document [1] (bauhai, ma qian. electric network line loss physical distribution mechanism [ J ]. chinese electro-mechanical engineering report, 2005, 25 (21): 82-86), in which a power network on a tidal current section is equivalent to a circuit network, line loss power in the power network can be decomposed into various power forms according to the combination of energy provided by a power supply thereof, and the numerical value is equal to the algebraic sum of power and mutual power of the power sources, namely, the power linear superposition theorem. By analyzing this document, it is found that self-power is actually the power provided by one power source when it acts alone, and mutual power is actually the result of the interaction of the current source and other different current sources, and is influenced by network structure and parameters. When the problem is analyzed by such a power decomposition method, the following conditions are imposed. Firstly, in the method, in a column node equation, only one current source flowing into one node is assumed, which is different from an actual power grid distribution and an electronic circuit, wherein one node in the actual power grid and the electronic circuit allows a plurality of current sources to flow; secondly, the current sources in the method are constant current sources, and the expression of the power of one current source includes other current sources, but the power is considered to be provided by the current source independently and independent of other power sources, and the rechargeable power source existing in the actual circuit is not considered.
In addition, with the development of scientific technology, multiple power supplies exist in systems such as a multi-power-supply module series-parallel system, a multi-power-supply microgrid and the like, and electronic toys, and the power source problem also exists in the systems.
Disclosure of Invention
To solve the problems of the prior art, embodiments of the present invention provide a method for power splitting in a linear circuit. The technical scheme is as follows:
in one aspect, a method of power splitting in a linear circuit, comprising:
setting a first port and a second port in a voltage-controlled dual-port network circuit;
short-circuiting the second port to enable only the voltage source of the first port to have energy input to the circuit, and measuring by adopting an ammeter to obtain i1And i2According to VCR of the voltage-controlled type dual-port network, the parameter g is obtained11，g21A specific value of (a);
short-circuiting the first port to enable only the voltage source of the second port to have energy input to the circuit, and measuring by adopting an ammeter to obtain i1And i2According to VCR of the voltage-controlled type dual-port network, the parameter g is obtained12，g22A specific value of (a);
simultaneously connecting the first port and the second port to a power supply according to the parameter g11，g21Specific values of (2) and the parameter g12，g22The respective powers of the first port and the second port are obtained.
Further, the VCR of the pressure-controlled dual-port network is:
i1＝g11u1+g12u2
i2＝g21u1+g22u2
in the formula, the parameter g11Is the short circuit actuation point conductance of the first port, g12Is the short-circuit reverse transfer conductance of the first port, g21Forward transfer conductance for short circuit of second port, g22Conductance is the short circuit actuation point of the second port.
Further, the two port voltage u of the two port network1、u2And two port currents i1、i2The relationship between them is called VCR for dual port network.
Further, the first port and the second port are simultaneously connected to a power supply, and the power supply is connected to the first port and the second port according to the parameter g11，g21Specific values of (2) and the parameter g12，g22The step of obtaining the respective powers of the first port and the second port specifically includes:
when two voltage sources are connected into the circuit at the same time, the respective power is respectively as follows:
Pu1＝-g11u1 2-g12u2u1
Pu2＝-g21u1u2-g22u2 2
in the above formula, — g11u1 2And-g22u2 2The power is respectively equal to the power when the two voltage sources are independently connected into the circuit; -g12u2u1And-g21u1u2The power increased by the two voltage sources when the two voltage sources are simultaneously connected into the circuit depends on the size of the two voltage sources and the circuit parameter g12And g21。
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the method for decomposing the power supply power in the linear circuit has universality, and when an external power supply is connected into a linear power electronic system again, the power supply can be selected according to actual requirements so as to achieve the optimal configuration; the problem of power sources of an electronic power network can be solved in an auxiliary manner, and the problem of the source of each power in other power electronic systems can be solved; in the design of the multi-power-supply linear circuit system, power supplies with different powers can be selected according to actual requirements to form optimal configuration, and the purpose of not wasting precious electric energy resources is achieved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a dual port network and its port variables;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a fluidic dual port network;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a voltage controlled dual port network;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a hybrid two port network;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a voltage-controlled dual-port network circuit according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a short circuit at a second port of the voltage-controlled dual-port network circuit according to the first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a short circuit at a first port in a voltage-controlled dual-port network circuit according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of an automotive power supply system circuit.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The invention provides a method for decomposing power supply power in a linear circuit, if the distribution of each part of the power supply when two power supplies are connected in the circuit is known, the distribution of each part of the power supply when a plurality of power supplies are connected in the circuit can be obtained according to the characteristics of the linear circuit. Therefore, in the application, only the case of two power supply access circuits is described.
In this application, the theory related to the circuit is introduced as follows:
the superposition principle is as follows:
in a circuit consisting of a linear resistor, a linearly controlled source and independent sources, the current or voltage of each element can be regarded as the algebraic sum of the currents or voltages generated on the element when each independent source acts on the circuit individually.
A linear resistive dual port network without an independent source, as shown in fig. 1;
a network with two ports, called a dual port network, is shown in fig. 1. Two-port voltage u of a two-port network1、u2And two port currents i1、i2The relationship between them is called VCR for dual port network. And the voltage and the current of the same port adopt the associated reference direction. Of the four port variables can and onlyAny two of the variables can be taken as independent variables and are marked as x1、x2Dependent variable y1、y2Respectively with independent variable x1、x2Is a VCR of a two port network, which is generally in the form of
y1＝k11x1+k12x2
y2＝k21x1+k22x2
In the above formula, k depends on constants of each resistor and controlled source in the network, belongs to a secondary parameter of the circuit, represents characteristics of the dual-port network, and can be obtained through experimental measurement.
All the situations of two power supply access circuits can be divided into three types, namely a flow control type double-port network, a voltage control type double-port network and a mixed type double-port network.
Distribution of power of each power supply in the flow control type dual-port network:
the flow control type dual-port network circuit is shown in fig. 2. Independent variable x1＝i1，x2＝i2Dependent variable y1＝u1，y2＝u2The VCR of the dual port network is generally in the form of
u1＝r11i1+r12i2
u2＝r21i1+r22i2
r depends on the constants of the resistors and controlled sources within the network. Respectively connecting current sources at two ports no matter whether the internal structure of the dual-port network is clear or not, and measuring to obtain open-circuit voltage u1And u2The parameter r can be obtained. When two current sources are simultaneously connected into the circuit, the respective power is
Pi1＝-r11i1 2-r12i2i1
Pi2＝-r21i1i2-r22i2 2
In the above formula, -r11i1 2And-r22i2 2The power is respectively equal to the power when the two current sources are independently connected into the circuit; -r12i2i1And-r21i1i2The power increased by the two current sources when the two current sources are simultaneously connected into the circuit depends on the size of the two current sources and the circuit parameter r12And r21. When the dual-port network contains a controlled source, the circuit parameter r is generated12And r21The two current sources are not necessarily equal, and the power respectively increased when the two current sources are simultaneously connected into the circuit is not necessarily the same. When the dual-port network does not contain a controlled source, r is determined according to the reciprocity theorem12＝r21The power added by the two current sources when the two current sources are simultaneously connected into the circuit is the same; that is, when two current sources are simultaneously connected to the dual-port network, the power loss increased by the dual-port network is equally shared by the two current sources. In short, if the parameter r is obtained by measurement, the distribution of each part of the power of the two current sources can be calculated.
Distribution of power of each power supply in the voltage-controlled dual-port network:
the voltage-controlled dual-port network circuit is shown in fig. 3. Independent variable x1＝u1，x2＝u2Dependent variable y1＝i1，y2＝i2The VCR of the dual port network is generally in the form of
i1＝g11u1+g12u2
i2＝g21u1+g22u2
g depends on the constants of the resistances and controlled sources inside the network and can be obtained by measurement. When two voltage sources are simultaneously connected into the circuit, the respective power is
Pu1＝-g11u1 2-g12u2u1
Pu2＝-g21u1u2-g22u2 2
In the above formula, — g11u1 2And-g22u2 2The power is respectively equal to the power when the two voltage sources are independently connected into the circuit; -g12u2u1And-g21u1u2The power increased by the two voltage sources when the two voltage sources are simultaneously connected into the circuit depends on the size of the two voltage sources and the circuit parameter g12And g21. When the dual port network contains a controlled source, due to the circuit parameter g12And g21The two voltage sources are not necessarily equal, and the respective power increases when the two voltage sources are connected into the circuit at the same time are not necessarily the same. When the dual-port network does not contain a controlled source, g according to the reciprocity theorem12＝g21The power added by the two voltage sources when the two voltage sources are simultaneously connected into the circuit is the same; namely, when two voltage sources are simultaneously connected into the double-port network, the loss increased by the double-port network is averagely shared by the two voltage sources.
Distribution of power per power supply in a hybrid dual port network:
the hybrid two port network circuit is shown in fig. 4. Independent variable x1＝i1，x2＝u2Dependent variable y1＝u1，y2＝i2The VCR for a two port network is generally of the form:
u1＝h11i1+h12u2
i2＝h21i1+h22u2
h depends on the constants of the resistances and controlled sources inside the network and can be obtained by measurement. When the voltage source and the current source are simultaneously connected to the circuit, the respective power is respectively as follows:
Pi1＝-h11i1 2-h12u2i1
Pu2＝-h21u2i1-h22u2 2
in the above formula, — h11i1 2And-h22u2 2The power is respectively equal to the power when the current source and the voltage source are independently connected into the circuit; -h12u2i1And-h21u2i1The power increased by the current source and the voltage source when the current source and the voltage source are simultaneously connected into the circuit is determined by the size of the two power sources and the circuit parameter h12And h21. When the dual port network contains a controlled source, due to the circuit parameter h12And h21The power sources are not necessarily equal, and the power added by the two power sources when the two power sources are simultaneously connected into the circuit is not necessarily the same. When the dual-port network does not contain a controlled source, according to the reciprocity theorem, h12＝-h21The absolute values of the power added by the two power supplies are the same when the two power supplies are simultaneously connected into the circuit; that is, one power supply increases the absorption power, and the other power supply increases the supply power, the absorption power and the supply power have equal magnitude, and the sum of the power when the two power supplies are simultaneously connected into the circuit is equal to the sum of the power of the two power supplies acting independently. In this case, it can be physically explained that when two power sources are simultaneously connected to the circuit, there is a phenomenon that one power source charges the other power source.
Example one
In this embodiment, specific steps of the calculation method are described by taking each power distribution in the voltage-controlled dual-port network as an example.
The voltage-controlled dual-port network circuit is shown in fig. 3. When two voltage sources are simultaneously connected into the circuit, the respective power is
Pu1＝-g11u1 2-g12u2u1
Pu2＝-g21u1u2-g22u2 2
In the above equation g is a constant that depends on the resistances and controlled sources within the network. For convenience of explanation, a specific voltage-controlled dual-port network circuit is assumed as shown in fig. 5 (in practical applications, the internal structure of the dual-port network is not required to be known, and only measurement is needed to obtain the value of the parameter g). Let the voltage u of the test voltage source1＝1V，u2＝1V。
(1) Short-circuiting the second port u1＝1V，u20V, i.e. the voltage source with the first port only hasEnergy input, as shown in fig. 6. Using circuit analysis theory to obtain1＝1.5A，i2-0.25A; in practice, i can be measured by an ammeter1And i2The value of (c). VCR with pressure control type double-port network is generally in the form of
i1＝g11u1+g12u2
i2＝g21u1+g22u2
Therefore, g11＝1.5S，g21＝-0.25S
(2) Short-circuiting the first port u1＝0V，u2A voltage source with only a second port, 1V, provides energy input to the circuit, as shown in fig. 7. Circuit analysis yields i1＝-1A，i2The current meter can also be used for measurement as 1A. Therefore, g12＝-1S，g22＝1S。
(3) Under the condition that the parameter g is known, when two voltage sources with any sizes are simultaneously connected into the circuit, the respective powers are respectively
Pu1＝-g11u1 2-g12u2u1
Pu2＝-g21u1u2-g22u2 2
When the method is applied specifically, a solution is provided for the problem that the automobile cannot start without force after the air conditioner is started. Every year, in hot summer, many owners getting on the vehicle turn on the air conditioner after a meeting of ventilation, so that the interior of the vehicle is cool. When the air conditioner is turned on, part of the owners of the vehicles feel that the power of the vehicles is insufficient, which is actually because the air conditioner of the vehicles also consumes the power of the vehicles. The power of the automobile directly influences the driving experience when the air conditioner is started; the larger the power and the displacement of the automobile engine are, the smaller the power attenuation influence of the air conditioner on the engine is; the smaller the vehicle engine power and displacement, the greater the perceived drag. How to reasonably allocate energy according to the actual use requirement is the key to solve the problem.
The generator, the voltage regulator, the storage battery, the charging indicator light and related wires jointly form a power supply system of the automobile. The main components have the following functions: the storage battery is commonly called as a storage battery and is the largest electrical equipment on the automobile. The starter has the main function of supplying power to main electric equipment such as a starter, an ignition system and the like when an engine is started; when the engine does not run or runs at a low speed, supplying power to various electric equipment; when the electric equipment is too much and the power consumption exceeds the power supply capacity of the generator, the storage battery assists the generator to supply power to various electric equipment. The generator is the main power source of the electric equipment of the automobile. During normal operation of the vehicle, the generator supplies power to other electrical devices except the starter and charges the battery. Most of the generators used in automobiles are three-phase ac generators, which convert ac power into dc power through a rectifier. The power of the generator depends on the vehicle engine power and displacement.
In order to solve the problem that the automobile cannot start without force after the air conditioner is started, it is firstly assumed that electronic components of all parts work near working points of the electronic components when the automobile is started. In this case, each of the electronic elements may be approximated as a linear element. The circuit diagram of the power supply system of the automobile is simplified as shown in fig. 8. Make the voltage of the automobile generator be U1The voltage of the storage battery is U2. According to the calculation steps, the automobile generator is firstly made to work independently, the storage battery end is short-circuited, and the VCR of the voltage-controlled double-port network is adopted
i1＝g11u1+g12u2
i2＝g21u1+g22u2
By measuring the current, the parameter g can be obtained11，g21Specific values of (a). Similarly, the parameter g can be obtained by making the storage battery work independently and making the generator end of the automobile short-circuited and measuring the current12，g22Specific values of (a). When two power supplies are simultaneously connected into the circuit, the respective power is
Pu1＝-g11u1 2-g12u2u1
Pu2＝-g21u1u2-g22u2 2
The total power consumed by the electronic elements is P when the automobile is started by an air conditioner. Due to conservation of energy, P ═ Pu1+Pu2＝-g11u1 2-g12u2u1-g21u1u2-g22u2 2. If the generator end is not changed, the working voltage U of the storage battery can be adjusted according to the formula2And the stored energy of the storage battery is reasonably set according to the time of the starting stage of the automobile air conditioner. If the storage battery end is not changed, the working voltage U of the generator can be adjusted according to the formula1And further adjusting the power and the displacement of the automobile engine.
In addition, when an in-vehicle electric device is designed or added, the arrangement of the battery, the engine, and the like may be selected or adjusted according to this method.
The present invention is not limited to the above preferred embodiments, and any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A method of power splitting in a linear circuit, comprising:
setting a first port and a second port in a voltage-controlled dual-port network circuit;
short-circuiting the second port to enable only the voltage source of the first port to have energy input to the circuit, and measuring by adopting an ammeter to obtain i1And i2According to VCR of the voltage-controlled type dual-port network, the parameter g is obtained11，g21A specific value of (a);
short-circuiting the first port to enable only the voltage source of the second port to have energy input to the circuit, and measuring by adopting an ammeter to obtain i1And i2According to VCR of the voltage-controlled type dual-port network, the parameter g is obtained12，g22A specific value of (a);
simultaneously connecting the first port and the second port to a power supply according to the parameter g11，g21Specific values of (2) and the parameter g12，g22The respective powers of the first port and the second port are obtained.
2. The method of claim 1,
the VCR of the pressure control type double-port network comprises the following steps:
i1＝g11u1+g12u2
i2＝g21u1+g22u2
in the formula, the parameter g11Is the short circuit actuation point conductance of the first port, g12Is the short-circuit reverse transfer conductance of the first port, g21Forward transfer conductance for short circuit of second port, g22Conductance is the short circuit actuation point of the second port.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein two port voltages u of a two port network1、u2And two port currents i1、i2The relationship between them is called VCR for dual port network.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the powering of the first port and the second port simultaneously is based on the parameter g11，g21Specific values of (2) and the parameter g12，g22The step of obtaining the respective powers of the first port and the second port specifically includes:
when two voltage sources are connected into the circuit at the same time, the respective power is respectively as follows:
Pu1＝-g11u1 2-g12u2u1
Pu2＝-g21u1u2-g22u2 2
in the above formula, — g11u1 2And-g22u2 2The power is respectively equal to the power when the two voltage sources are independently connected into the circuit; -g12u2u1And-g21u1u2The power increased by the two voltage sources when the two voltage sources are simultaneously connected into the circuit depends on the size of the two voltage sources and the circuit parameter g12And g21。
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Application publication date: 20200512 |