CN111141250B - Method for detecting roughness of oil injection hole - Google Patents
Method for detecting roughness of oil injection hole Download PDFInfo
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- CN111141250B CN111141250B CN201911410848.0A CN201911410848A CN111141250B CN 111141250 B CN111141250 B CN 111141250B CN 201911410848 A CN201911410848 A CN 201911410848A CN 111141250 B CN111141250 B CN 111141250B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
- G01B21/30—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring roughness or irregularity of surfaces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
- G01B21/02—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring length, width, or thickness
- G01B21/04—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring length, width, or thickness by measuring coordinates of points
- G01B21/042—Calibration or calibration artifacts
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for detecting roughness of an oil injection hole, which comprises the steps of analyzing main parameter factors influencing the measurement of the roughness of the inner surface of a main oil injection hole of a nozzle, measuring the roughness of the main oil injection hole to be detected only marked with a roughness value, and if the effective measurement length of the main oil injection hole to be detected is greater than or equal to a standard evaluation length, measuring the roughness of the main oil injection hole to be detected according to a standard sampling length Lr, a standard sampling number n and a standard evaluation length Ln; if the effective measurement length of the main oil injection hole to be measured is smaller than the standard evaluation length, the roughness measurement of the main oil injection hole to be measured is carried out according to the principle that the sampling number is reduced firstly and then the sampling length is reduced, so that the surface roughness of the main oil injection hole to be measured can be rapidly, accurately and economically detected, and the measurement error of the roughness of the main oil injection hole to be measured is reduced; the method effectively solves the problem of roughness detection of the main spray oil hole of the nozzle in the absence of a corresponding standard method, and realizes objective and accurate measurement and evaluation of the surface processing quality of the main spray oil hole of the nozzle.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of machining detection, and particularly relates to a method for detecting roughness of an oil spray hole.
Background
The nozzle of the aero-engine is one of core components of a combustion chamber, and mainly has the main function of atomizing fuel supplied by an external pipeline through a main fuel injection hole and then injecting the atomized fuel into the combustion chamber for combustion. The nozzle is characterized by complex structure, small diameter of the main oil injection hole (diameter is 0.4-0.5mm), high precision (0.012-0.03mm) and high surface roughness (Ra0.05-0.2).
The surface roughness of the main oil injection hole of the nozzle has important influence on the shape of spray, the size distribution of oil particles, the fuel oil consumption, the particle emission and the like, and is a key detection index of the nozzle. At present, the roughness of a nozzle oil injection hole is measured according to the fact that the surface length of a standard actual measurement is shorter than the parameters specified in the national standard, no corresponding national detection standard method exists for a measuring piece of the standard sampling length, sampling number or/evaluation length value which is not marked by a process file or a technical file, the measurement error of the parameters specified in the standard is large, the existing different measurement methods and parameter measurement values have differences, and the roughness of a main oil injection hole of a nozzle part cannot be effectively and accurately measured.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for detecting the roughness of an oil injection hole, which overcomes the defects of the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a roughness detection method of an oil injection hole is used for measuring the roughness of a main oil injection hole to be measured only marked with a roughness value, if the effective measurement length of the main oil injection hole to be measured is more than or equal to a standard evaluation length, the roughness of the main oil injection hole to be measured is measured according to a standard sampling length Lr, a standard sampling number n and a standard evaluation length Ln; and if the effective measurement length of the main oil injection hole to be measured is smaller than the standard evaluation length, measuring the roughness of the main oil injection hole to be measured according to the principle of firstly reducing the sampling number and then reducing the sampling length.
Further, when Lr is less than or equal to the effective measurement length of the main oil injection hole to be measured and is less than 5Lr, sampling is carried out by adopting the standard sampling length Lr; and when the effective measurement length of the main oil injection hole to be measured is smaller than a standard sampling length Lr, performing roughness measurement on the main oil injection hole to be measured by adopting a standard sampling length step-by-step grade reduction measurement mode.
Furthermore, when the standard sampling length Lr is used for sampling, the value of the standard sampling number is adopted.
Further, the value of the standard sampling number meets the condition that the difference value between the evaluation length and the effective measurement length obtained under the standard sampling number is minimum.
Further, the roughness of the main oil injection hole to be measured is measured by adopting a standard sampling length step-by-step grading measurement mode until the difference value between the maximum evaluation length of the graded sampling length and the effective measurement length is minimum, and the sampling length and the sampling number are selected to finish the measurement of the roughness of the main oil injection hole to be measured.
Further, the step-by-step grade reduction measurement mode of the standard sampling length is adopted to measure the roughness of the main oil injection hole to be measured, and the method comprises the following steps: when the effective measurement length of the main oil injection hole to be measured is smaller than a standard sampling length Lr, reducing a sampling length grade from the standard sampling length, wherein the value of the standard sampling number n meets the requirement that the difference value between the evaluation length and the effective measurement length under the taken standard sampling number n is minimum; if the standard sampling number is 1 and the effective measurement length is less than the evaluation length, the method continues to reduce a sampling length grade to make the difference between the evaluation length and the effective measurement length under the standard sampling number n to be measured minimum.
Further, the maximum value of n is 5.
Furthermore, in the roughness measurement process of the main oil injection hole to be measured, at least four parts are uniformly distributed and measured on the inner wall of the main oil injection hole to be measured.
Furthermore, in the roughness measurement process of the main oil injection hole to be measured, four parts are uniformly distributed and measured on the inner wall of the main oil injection hole to be measured.
Further, the roughness of the main oil injection hole to be measured of which the effective measurement length does not meet the standard roughness detection parameter is measured by adopting a curing detection method.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
the invention relates to a method for detecting roughness of an oil injection hole, which comprises the steps of analyzing main parameter factors influencing the measurement of the roughness of the inner surface of a main oil injection hole of a nozzle, measuring the roughness of the main oil injection hole to be detected only marked with a roughness value, and if the effective measurement length of the main oil injection hole to be detected is greater than or equal to a standard evaluation length, measuring the roughness of the main oil injection hole to be detected according to a standard sampling length Lr, a standard sampling number n and a standard evaluation length Ln; if the effective measurement length of the main oil injection hole to be measured is smaller than the standard evaluation length, the roughness measurement of the main oil injection hole to be measured is carried out according to the principle that the sampling number is reduced firstly and then the sampling length is reduced, so that the surface roughness of the main oil injection hole to be measured can be rapidly, accurately and economically detected, and the measurement error of the roughness of the main oil injection hole to be measured is reduced; the degradation error compensation measuring method adopted when the effective measurement length is smaller than the standard evaluation length and the effective measurement length is smaller than the standard single sampling length effectively solves the problem of roughness detection of the main spray hole of the nozzle when the corresponding standard method is lacked, and realizes objective and accurate measurement and evaluation of the surface processing quality of the main spray hole of the nozzle.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a test piece structure of a nozzle for evaluation in examples.
FIG. 2 is a graph of roughness analysis for different sampling lengths.
FIG. 3 is a graph of roughness analysis for different sampling numbers.
FIG. 4 is a roughness analysis chart of different parts of a workpiece
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the nozzle a.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the nozzle B.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
a method for detecting roughness of an oil injection hole comprises the following steps:
for the roughness measurement of the main oil hole to be measured only marked with the roughness value, if the effective measurement length of the main oil hole to be measured is greater than or equal to the standard evaluation length, performing the roughness measurement of the main oil hole to be measured by adopting the standard sampling length Lr, the standard sampling number n and the standard evaluation length Ln on the measured data, wherein Ln is n × Lr, and generally n is 5; the standard sampling length Lr, the number of samples n and the evaluation length Ln are shown in Table 1:
TABLE 1
| Ra(um) | Lr(mm) | Ln＝5Lr(mm) |
| ≥0.008-0.02 | 0.08 | 0.4 |
| >0.02-0.1 | 0.25 | 1.25 |
| >0.1-2.0 | 0.8 | 4.0 |
| >2.0-10.0 | 2.5 | 12.5 |
| >10.0-80.0 | 8.0 | 40 |
If the effective measurement length of the main oil spray hole to be measured is smaller than the standard evaluation length, the roughness measurement of the main oil spray hole to be measured is carried out according to the principle that the sampling number is reduced firstly and then the sampling length is reduced: specifically, when Lr is less than or equal to the effective measurement length of the main oil injection hole to be measured and less than 5Lr, sampling is carried out by adopting the standard sampling length Lr, the standard sampling number is reduced, and on the basis of meeting the effective measurement length, the standard sampling number takes the maximum value, so that the evaluation length is as close to the effective measurement length as possible;
when the effective measurement length of the main oil injection hole to be measured is smaller than a standard sampling length Lr, the roughness of the main oil injection hole to be measured is measured by adopting a standard sampling length step-by-step grading measurement mode, until the difference value between the maximum evaluation length of the graded sampling length and the effective measurement length is minimum, the standard sampling length is selected for sampling, the standard sampling length and the sampling number are the maximum, the roughness of the main oil injection hole to be measured is measured, and finally the roughness measurement of the main oil injection hole to be measured is completed.
And measuring the roughness of the main oil injection hole to be measured, the effective measurement length of which does not meet the standard roughness detection parameter, by adopting a curing detection method.
Specifically, the method for measuring the roughness of the main oil injection hole to be measured by adopting a standard sampling length step-by-step grade reduction measurement mode comprises the following steps of: when the effective measurement length of the main oil injection hole to be measured is smaller than a standard sampling length Lr, reducing a sampling length grade from the standard sampling length, and taking the value of a standard sampling number n to minimize the difference value between the evaluation length and the effective measurement length under the taken standard sampling number n; if the effective measurement length is less than the evaluation length when one sampling length grade is reduced and the standard sampling number is 1, one sampling length grade is continuously reduced, and the measurement is carried out in a mode that the difference value between the evaluation length and the effective measurement length under the standard sampling number n is minimum.
In the roughness measurement process of the main oil spray hole to be measured, 4 parts are uniformly measured on the inner wall of the main oil spray hole to be measured, and the measured data is evaluated by adopting a standard sampling length Lr, a sampling number n and an evaluation length Ln which is n multiplied by Lr (default regulation n which is 5).
And if the sampling length, the sampling number or the evaluation length of the marking roughness measurement of the main oil injection hole to be measured has requirements, measuring according to the requirements.
The experimental method is adopted to verify that the method comprises the following steps:
manufacturing a test piece with the same requirements on processing materials, processing technology and surface roughness according to the material and the processing technology of the main oil injection hole of the nozzle; roughness measurement and evaluation are carried out by taking a nozzle main oil spray hole test piece with different evaluation methods as an example, and specific description and operation are as follows:
1) the structure of the nozzle test piece material 3Cr13 is shown in FIG. 1;
2) and testing the influence of the sampling length on the roughness value:
in the test piece measurement, gaussian filtering is selected, the measurement speed is 0.25mm/s, the fixed sampling length n is 5, the sampling length Lr is 0.25mm specified by the national standard and the sampling length Lr is 0.08mm reduced by one grade, the measurement is repeated 10 times at the same position, the roughness measurement data is shown in table 2, and the analysis result is shown in fig. 2.
TABLE 2 roughness measurement data for different sample lengths
| lr＝0.25 | lr＝0.08 |
| 0.1 | 0.061 |
| 0.101 | 0.068 |
| 0.1 | 0.06 |
| 0.096 | 0.065 |
| 0.095 | 0.061 |
| 0.099 | 0.067 |
| 0.1 | 0.06 |
| 0.096 | 0.062 |
| 0.097 | 0.066 |
| 0.095 | 0.06 |
The sampling length is changed by fixing the sampling number on the test piece, 10 groups of data are repeatedly measured, the measured data are analyzed, and the influence degree of the changed sampling length on the roughness value is searched.
The analysis result shows that when the sampling number is constant, the roughness value of the sampling length is obviously reduced, and the maximum reduction Ra0.06 is realized.
3) And the influence of the sampling number on the roughness value is tested:
gaussian filtering is selected during test piece measurement, the measurement speed is 0.25mm/s, the sampling length Lr is 0.25mm according to national standard, the sampling number n is 2, 3, 4 and 5 respectively, measurement is repeated for 10 times at the same position, the roughness measurement data is shown in table 3, and the analysis result is shown in fig. 3.
TABLE 3 roughness measurement data for different sample lengths
| n＝5 | n＝4 | n＝3 | n＝2 |
| 0.1 | 0.102 | 0.107 | 0.084 |
| 0.101 | 0.101 | 0.1 | 0.088 |
| 0.1 | 0.107 | 0.109 | 0.085 |
| 0.096 | 0.098 | 0.103 | 0.085 |
| 0.095 | 0.097 | 0.1 | 0.088 |
| 0.099 | 0.1 | 0.106 | 0.083 |
| 0.1 | 0.103 | 0.105 | 0.081 |
| 0.096 | 0.105 | 0.107 | 0.086 |
| 0.097 | 0.102 | 0.11 | 0.083 |
| 0.095 | 0.099 | 0.105 | 0.086 |
The sampling length is fixed on the test piece, the sampling number is changed (namely n is 2, 3, 4 and 5), 10 groups of data are repeatedly measured, the measurement data are analyzed, and the influence degree of the change of the sampling number on the roughness value is searched.
The analysis result shows that when the sampling length is fixed, the smaller the sampling number is, the shorter the evaluation length is, and the roughness value is smaller; however, when the sampling number n is more than or equal to 3, the difference of the roughness values is small and can be ignored, and when n is equal to 2, the roughness values are reduced to a certain extent, and Ra0.035 is reduced to the maximum.
4) And testing the influence of the surface quality of the workpiece on the roughness value:
gaussian filtering is selected during test piece measurement, the measurement speed is 0.25mm/s, two different positions are selected, the sampling length Lr is 0.25mm according to national standards, the sampling number n is respectively 2, 3, 4 and 5, the measurement is repeated for 10 times at the same position, the measurement result is shown in table 4, and the analysis result is shown in fig. 4.
TABLE 4 roughness measurement data of different parts of the workpiece
And (3) carrying out influence analysis of the surface processing quality of the test piece on the roughness value, namely selecting two positions on the test piece respectively, repeatedly measuring 10 groups of data at each position, and searching the influence degree of the surface uniformity of the test piece on the roughness value.
The analysis results show that the surface roughness of the two parts has a small difference, and the maximum value is about Ra0.02.
5) Method for detecting roughness of main oil injection hole of curing nozzle
I) the main oil spray hole structure of the two-type nozzle is shown in figures 5 and 6, and the technical index parameters are shown in a table 5:
TABLE 5 index parameters
| Part number | Aperture (mm) | Roughness (μm) | Ligament length (mm) |
| Nozzle A | Φ3.2+0.05 | Ra0.1 | 0.5-0.012 |
| Nozzle B | Φ0.53+0.014 | Ra0.2 | 0.4+0.03 |
Nozzle a roughness measurement method:
the roughness of the nozzle A is Ra0.1, the effective measurement length is 0.5mm and is a standard dividing point, the nozzle A adopts two measurement schemes, the first is: measuring according to standard sampling length Lr being 0.25mm, Ln being 0.5mm and n being 2; and the second method comprises the following steps: and (3) measuring the roughness of the main oil spraying hole to be measured by adopting a standard sampling length step-by-step grade reduction measuring mode, namely the sampling length Lr is 0.08mm, Ln is 0.4mm, and n is 5.
The roughness error of the sample length reduction grade is larger than the reduction of the number of samples, therefore, the nozzle A adopts the first measuring method.
Nozzle B roughness measurement method:
the roughness Ra0.2 of the nozzle B, the effective measurement length Ln of 0.4mm is a standard demarcation point, and the actual effective measurement length is only 0.4mm and less than one standard sampling length according to the standard sampling length Ln of 0.8 mm. Therefore, a sampling length is graded step by step, the sampling number is as large as possible, and the evaluation length is as close to the effective measurement length as possible, namely the sampling length Lr is 0.08mm, n is 5, and the evaluation length Ln is 0.4 mm.
Claims (3)
1. A method for detecting roughness of an oil injection hole is characterized in that for roughness measurement of a main oil injection hole to be detected only marked with a roughness value, if the effective measurement length of the main oil injection hole to be detected is greater than or equal to a standard evaluation length, the roughness measurement of the main oil injection hole to be detected is carried out according to the standard sampling length Lr, a standard sampling number n and a standard evaluation length Ln; if the effective measurement length of the main oil injection hole to be measured is smaller than the standard evaluation length Ln, the roughness measurement of the main oil injection hole to be measured is carried out according to the principle that the sampling number is reduced firstly and then the sampling length is reduced, and the method specifically comprises the following steps: when Lr is less than or equal to the effective measurement length of the main oil injection hole to be measured and less than 5Lr, sampling by adopting the standard sampling length Lr, reducing the standard sampling number n, and taking the maximum value of the standard sampling number on the basis of meeting the effective measurement length to enable the evaluation length to be as close to the effective measurement length as possible; when the effective measurement length of the main oil injection hole to be measured is smaller than a standard sampling length Lr, the roughness measurement of the main oil injection hole to be measured is carried out by adopting a standard sampling length step-by-step grade reduction measurement mode, and the roughness measurement of the main oil injection hole to be measured by adopting the standard sampling length step-by-step grade reduction measurement mode comprises the following steps: when the effective measurement length of the main oil injection hole to be measured is smaller than a standard sampling length Lr, reducing a sampling length grade from the standard sampling length Lr, wherein the value of the standard sampling number n meets the requirement that the difference value between the evaluation length and the effective measurement length under the taken standard sampling number n is minimum; if one sampling length grade is reduced, the standard sampling number is 1, and the effective measurement length is smaller than the evaluation length, one sampling length grade is continuously reduced, and the measurement is carried out in a mode that the difference value between the evaluation length and the effective measurement length under the standard sampling number n is minimum; and (3) measuring the roughness of the main oil injection hole to be measured by adopting a standard sampling length step-by-step grading measurement mode until the difference value between the maximum evaluation length of the graded sampling length and the effective measurement length is minimum, and selecting the sampling length and the sampling number to finish the measurement of the roughness of the main oil injection hole to be measured.
2. The method for detecting the roughness of the oil injection hole according to claim 1, wherein no less than four parts are uniformly measured on the inner wall of the main oil injection hole to be detected in the process of measuring the roughness of the main oil injection hole to be detected.
3. The method for detecting the roughness of the oil injection hole according to claim 2, wherein four positions are uniformly measured on the inner wall of the main oil injection hole to be detected in the process of measuring the roughness of the main oil injection hole to be detected.
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