CN110836806A - Magnetic-elastic grinding burn detection method for acid-corrosion-resistant steel gear - Google Patents
Magnetic-elastic grinding burn detection method for acid-corrosion-resistant steel gear Download PDFInfo
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- CN110836806A CN110836806A CN201911206773.4A CN201911206773A CN110836806A CN 110836806 A CN110836806 A CN 110836806A CN 201911206773 A CN201911206773 A CN 201911206773A CN 110836806 A CN110836806 A CN 110836806A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/32—Polishing; Etching
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/72—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables
- G01N27/82—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables for investigating the presence of flaws
- G01N27/83—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables for investigating the presence of flaws by investigating stray magnetic fields
- G01N27/85—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables for investigating the presence of flaws by investigating stray magnetic fields using magnetographic methods
Abstract
The invention discloses a magnetic-elastic grinding burn detection method for an acid-corrosion-resistant steel gear, aiming at the problems that the acid corrosion detection has influence on the size precision and the roughness of the gear, the defect resolution of the acid corrosion-resistant steel gear is lower than that of the conventional steel gear and the like. Before detecting the gear part to be detected, an acceptance standard calibration value and a warning value are determined according to a comparison gear part and a gear defect part, the grinding burn defect can be detected without damage by directly adopting a detector when the subsequent gear part to be detected is detected, and the gear part to be detected does not need to be subjected to acid corrosion.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of grinding burn detection, in particular to a magnetic-elastic method grinding burn detection method for an acid-corrosion-resistant steel gear.
Background
Grinding burn detection is one of the main means for controlling the grinding processing quality of the surface of a gear part, and common design patterns of gear parts in the fields of aviation, aerospace, ships and the like have the grinding burn detection requirements. The conventional detection process method is acid corrosion detection, the part is subjected to acid corrosion before detection, then the magnetic-elastic method detection is carried out, and burn defects are identified and evaluated based on the fact that gears are subjected to acid corrosion treatment and present different colors due to surface tissue differences.
The manufacturing research of the 15Cr14Co12Mo5Ni steel gear is still in the early experience accumulation stage of development, and the gear has wide application prospect in the fields of aviation and the like because the gear can obtain excellent mechanical properties such as high strength, high toughness and the like after heat treatment. However, the material is acid-corrosion-resistant stainless steel, the heat treatment tempering temperature is increased by at least 200 ℃ compared with the conventional carburizing steel, the surface layer tissue contains more carbides, and the common acid corrosion method for gear grinding burn detection cannot cause the color change to identify the defects. Through years of research, an acid corrosion detection method to be researched and improved is found at present, but the acid corrosion detection method has influence on the roughness and the dimensional accuracy of the gear, and is not suitable for precise matching surfaces or other surfaces with special requirements.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a magnetic-elastic method grinding burn detection method for an acid-corrosion-resistant steel gear, which does not need to etch a gear part to be detected.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a magnetic-elastic method grinding burn detection method for an acid-corrosion-resistant steel gear comprises the following steps:
s1, manufacturing a plurality of comparison gear parts by using conventional gear steel, and respectively carrying out acid corrosion detection and magnetic spring method grinding burn detection to obtain an association relation between an acid corrosion detection result and a magnetic spring method grinding burn detection result;
s2, manufacturing a plurality of gear defect parts by using acid-corrosion-resistant steel, respectively carrying out acid corrosion detection and grinding burn detection by a magnetic-elastic method, obtaining an association relation between an acid corrosion detection result and a grinding burn detection result by the magnetic-elastic method of the gear defect parts, and determining an acceptance standard value and a warning value;
s3, demagnetizing the gear part to be detected, clamping and fixing the demagnetized gear part on a tool, and tightly attaching the detection probe to the part to be detected of the gear part to be detected;
s4, opening the measurement software of the computer system, and respectively setting the magnetization voltage, the magnetization frequency, the acceptance standard value and the warning value of the measurement software according to the preset requirements;
s5, starting a console and recording data;
s6, generating and storing a detection report by using the measurement software of the computer system;
and S7, removing the gear part to be measured and demagnetizing.
As a further improvement of the above technical solution:
the frock includes control cabinet, locating part, probe assembly and unable adjustment base, detector, locating part, probe assembly all are located unable adjustment base, unable adjustment base horizontal migration all can be followed to locating part, probe assembly, the locating part is used for injecing the gear part that awaits measuring, the probe assembly includes the probe mounting, test probe is fixed in on the probe mounting and can follow the probe mounting and reciprocate.
The control console is provided with an automatic mode and a manual mode, and when the control console is selected to be the automatic mode, the detection probe is placed on the outer circle or the inner hole of the gear part to be detected and is tightly attached to the outer circle or the inner hole; when the console selects a manual mode, the detection probe is placed on the tooth part of the gear part to be detected and is tightly attached to the tooth part.
The detection probe is electrically connected with the probe switching box, and any two parts of the computer system, the host and the console are electrically connected with each other.
When detecting the excircle of gear part, the tip cross section of test probe is plane, and when detecting the hole of gear part that awaits measuring, the tip cross section of test probe is oval-shaped, and when detecting the tooth portion of gear part that awaits measuring, the tip cross section of test probe is triangle-shaped.
The control cabinet comprises a chuck and a gear mounting rod, the chuck is arranged close to one side of the control cabinet, the gear part to be tested is mounted on the gear mounting rod, and the tooth part of the gear part is arranged close to one side of the chuck.
The limiting part comprises an apex which is used for abutting against an inner hole of the gear part to be measured.
In step S3, the preset value of the magnetization voltage is 5V, the preset value of the magnetization frequency is 125Hz, the preset value of the acceptance criterion value is 100, and the preset value of the warning value is 70.
The material of the acid corrosion resistant steel gear is 15Cr14Co12Mo5Ni steel.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
the invention is suitable for the magnetic-elastic method grinding burn detection method of the acid-corrosion-resistant steel gear, before detecting the gear part to be detected, the acceptance standard value and the warning value are determined according to the comparison of the gear part and the gear defect part, the subsequent detection of the gear part to be detected directly adopts the detector without carrying out acid corrosion on the gear part to be detected, the influence of the acid corrosion detection on the size precision and the roughness of the gear part and the problem that the resolution of the acid-corrosion-resistant steel gear defect is inferior to that of the conventional steel gear in the current acid corrosion detection are solved, and the technical reference is provided for formulating the non-acid-corrosion grinding burn detection process method of the similar materials and the similar products.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the apparatus used in example 1.
Fig. 2 is a detection report graph (1) derived in example 1.
Fig. 3 is a detection report graph (2) derived in example 1.
The reference numerals in the figures denote: 1. a computer system; 2. a host; 3. a probe switching box; 4. assembling; 41. A console; 411. a chuck; 412. a gear mounting rod; 42. a limiting member; 421. a tip; 43. a probe assembly; 431. detecting a probe; 432. a probe fixing member; 44. and fixing the base.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and specific examples. Unless otherwise specified, the instruments or materials employed in the present invention are commercially available.
Example 1:
the existing gear part to be detected is processed by adopting a 15Cr14Co12Mo5Ni steel forging stock, the shaft excircle is a non-carburized quenching surface, the hardness value is 48-52HRC, and the grinding processing, pattern and machining process requirements are adopted to carry out grinding burn detection on the part.
The invention relates to a magnetic-elastic method grinding burn detection method for an acid-corrosion-resistant steel gear, which specifically comprises the following steps:
1. preparation work before formal detection:
(1) the main body 2, the detection probe 431 and other parts are installed. The main machine 2 of the embodiment adopts a Rollscan350 type grinding burn detector.
(2) And manufacturing a plurality of comparison gear parts by using the conventional gear steel, and respectively carrying out acid corrosion detection and magnetic-elastic grinding burn detection to obtain the incidence relation between the acid corrosion detection result and the magnetic-elastic grinding burn detection result.
The gear parts after acid etching detection are classified according to no burn, slight burn and serious burn on the surface, then the magnetic-elastic method grinding burn detector is used for measuring the quantity value (mp) of different parts, analysis and comparison can show that the more serious burn degree of the surface under the same set parameters (such as 9310 steel, preset 15V and 125 Hz), the larger the measured value (mp) of the magnetic-elastic method grinding burn detector is, and the measured value (mp) is obviously improved when the no burn area is transited to the slight burn area, thereby verifying the feasibility of feeding back the burn degree through the magnetic-elastic method measured value (mp);
(3) a plurality of gear defect samples are made of 15Cr14Co12Mo5Ni steel, and acid corrosion detection and magnetic spring method grinding burn detection are respectively carried out to obtain the correlation between the acid corrosion detection result and the magnetic spring method grinding burn detection result.
Classifying gear defect samples subjected to acid etching detection according to no burn, slight burn and severe burn on the surface, measuring the values of the different parts by using a magnetic-elastic grinding burn detector, and analyzing and comparing to find that the more severe burn degree of the surface is under the same set parameters (5V and 125 Hz), the larger the measured value (mp) of the magnetic-elastic grinding burn detector is, and the measured value (mp) is remarkably improved when the non-burn area is transited to a slight burn area, and multiple detection data prove that the measured values (mp) of the non-burn area with the set values of (5V and 125 Hz) are within 70, and the measured values (mp) of the slight burn area are over 100, so that the material is determined to be under the set values of (5V and 125 Hz), the acceptance warning value is 70, and the acceptance standard value is 100; in this embodiment, the acceptance standard value and the warning value of the plurality of gear defect test samples are determined according to the process value, not the final standard value, of the part material, part and machining mode, and the acceptance standard value and the warning value in this embodiment are 100 and 70.
2. Test procedures and results
The basic process flow of the detection method of the embodiment is as follows: demagnetization, clamping, selection of a detection probe 431, opening of measurement software, opening of a detection template to set a preset value, starting of a console 41, recording of data, evaluation of data, derivation and storage of a detection report, and is suitable for gear products.
(1) And clamping the gear part to be measured on the tool 4 after demagnetization, as shown in fig. 1, enabling the tooth part of the gear part to be measured to be close to the left chuck 412, enabling the right to prop against the inner hole by using a tip 421, and manually rotating to observe whether the gear part to be measured is centered.
(2) Selecting an excircle detection probe 431, placing the detection probe 431 on the excircle of the gear part to be detected, and observing and adjusting the detection probe 431 to be tightly attached to the excircle;
(3) opening measurement software Viewscan in the computer system 1, establishing a detection template, setting the model of equipment as Rollscan350, magnetizing voltage 5V, magnetizing frequency 125Hz, waveform default selection sine wave, filtering frequency default selection 70-200kHz, setting an acceptance standard value 100 and a warning value 70, setting a display mode of a measurement curve, setting a data acquisition triggering mode as tool triggering, and storing the detection template;
(4) the template is opened by double-clicking, the detection probe 431 is in place, a starting button of a control console 41 of the tool 4 is started to start measurement, each excircle is measured in a channel-dividing mode according to the width of the probe, and after each channel of measurement is finished, a corresponding drawing code (plot code) is changed into the code and pass of the excircle, so that the traceability of data is improved;
(5) generating a detection report in the viewscan software, wherein the detection report comprises information such as a measurement curve, set parameters, an inspector, inspection data, an inspection conclusion, an inspection date and the like; the detection report generated in this embodiment is shown in fig. 2 and 3.
(6) And (5) taking down the gear part to be measured and demagnetizing.
And (3) detection results: the measured values (mp) are all between 40 and 90, are below the acceptance standard calibration value of 100 and are qualified. The mp value of part of the outer circle is higher than the acceptance warning value 70, and the grinding quality is to be improved.
As shown in fig. 1, in this embodiment, the tool 4 includes a console 41, a limiting member 42, a probe assembly 43 and a fixed base 44, the detecting instrument 41, the limiting member 42 and the probe assembly 43 are all located on the fixed base 44, both the limiting member 42 and the probe assembly 43 can move horizontally along the fixed base 44, the limiting member 42 is used for limiting the gear part to be detected, the probe assembly 43 includes a probe fixing member 432, and the detecting probe 431 is fixed on the probe fixing member 432 and can move up and down along the probe fixing member 432. The console 41 is provided with an automatic mode and a manual mode, and when the console 41 is selected to be the automatic mode, the detection probe 431 is placed on the excircle or the inner hole of the gear part to be detected and is tightly attached to the excircle or the inner hole; when the console 41 selects the manual mode, the detection probe 431 is placed on and closely attached to the tooth portion of the gear part to be detected. The present embodiment employs an automatic mode.
The detection probe 431 is electrically connected to the probe switching box 3, and any two of the computer system 1, the host computer 2, and the console 41 are electrically connected to each other.
When the excircle of the gear part is detected, the cross section of the end part of the detection probe 431 is planar, in other embodiments, when the inner hole of the gear part to be detected is detected, only one end of the gear part to be detected is clamped, the cross section of the end part of the detection probe 431 is elliptical, and when the tooth part of the gear part to be detected is detected, the cross section of the end part of the detection probe 431 is triangular.
The console 41 comprises a chuck 411 and a gear mounting rod 412, the chuck 411 is arranged close to one side of the console 41, a gear part to be tested is mounted on the gear mounting rod 412, and a tooth part of the gear part is arranged close to one side of the chuck 411.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to be limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can make numerous possible variations and modifications to the present invention, or modify equivalent embodiments to equivalent variations, without departing from the scope of the invention, using the teachings disclosed above. Therefore, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope of the technical scheme of the present invention, unless the technical spirit of the present invention departs from the content of the technical scheme of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A magnetic-elastic method grinding burn detection method for an acid-corrosion-resistant steel gear is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, manufacturing a plurality of comparison gear parts by using conventional gear steel, and respectively carrying out acid corrosion detection and magnetic spring method grinding burn detection to obtain an association relation between an acid corrosion detection result and a magnetic spring method grinding burn detection result;
s2, manufacturing a plurality of gear defect parts by using acid-corrosion-resistant steel, respectively carrying out acid corrosion detection and grinding burn detection by a magnetic-elastic method, obtaining an association relation between an acid corrosion detection result and a grinding burn detection result by the magnetic-elastic method of the gear defect parts, and determining an acceptance standard value and a warning value;
s3, demagnetizing the gear part to be detected, clamping and fixing the demagnetized gear part on the tool (4), and tightly attaching the detection probe (431) to the part to be detected of the gear part to be detected;
s4, starting measurement software of the computer system (1), and respectively setting the magnetization voltage, the magnetization frequency, the acceptance standard value and the warning value of the measurement software according to the preset requirements;
s5, starting a console (41) and recording data;
s6, generating and storing a detection report by using the measurement software of the computer system (1);
and S7, removing the gear part to be measured and demagnetizing.
2. The method for detecting burn through grinding by a magnetoelastic method according to claim 1, characterized in that: frock (4) are including control cabinet (41), locating part (42), probe assembly (43) and unable adjustment base (44), control cabinet (41), locating part (42), probe assembly (43) all are located unable adjustment base (44), locating part (42), probe assembly (43) all can follow unable adjustment base (44) horizontal migration, locating part (42) are used for injecing the gear part that awaits measuring, probe assembly (43) are including probe mounting (432), test probe (431) are fixed in on probe mounting (432) and can follow probe mounting (432) and reciprocate.
3. The method for detecting burn through grinding by a magnetoelastic method according to claim 2, characterized in that: the control console (41) is provided with an automatic mode and a manual mode, and when the control console (41) selects the automatic mode, the detection probe (431) is placed on the outer circle or the inner hole of the gear part to be detected and is tightly attached to the outer circle or the inner hole; when the console (41) selects a manual mode, the detection probe (431) is placed on the tooth part of the gear part to be detected and is tightly attached to the tooth part.
4. The magnetic-elastic grinding burn detection method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: the detection probe (431) is electrically connected with the probe switching box (3), and any two parts of the computer system (1), the host (2) and the console (41) are electrically connected with each other.
5. The magnetoelastic grinding burn detection method of claim 4, wherein: when the excircle of the gear part is detected, the cross section of the end part of the detection probe (431) is planar, when the inner hole of the gear part to be detected is detected, the cross section of the end part of the detection probe (431) is elliptical, and when the tooth part of the gear part to be detected is detected, the cross section of the end part of the detection probe (431) is triangular.
6. The magnetic-elastic grinding burn detection method according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: control cabinet (41) include chuck (411) and gear installation pole (412), chuck (411) are close to control cabinet (41) one side and set up, the gear part that awaits measuring is installed on gear installation pole (412) and the tooth portion of gear part is close to chuck (411) one side and sets up.
7. The magnetic-elastic grinding burn detection method according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: the limiting piece (42) comprises an apex (421), and the apex (421) is used for abutting against an inner hole of the gear part to be measured.
8. The magnetic-elastic grinding burn detection method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: in step S3, the preset value of the magnetization voltage is 5V, the preset value of the magnetization frequency is 125Hz, the preset value of the acceptance criterion value is 100, and the preset value of the warning value is 70.
9. The magnetic-elastic grinding burn detection method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: the material of the acid corrosion resistant steel gear is 15Cr14Co12Mo5Ni steel.
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| CN201911206773.4A CN110836806A (en) | 2019-11-29 | 2019-11-29 | Magnetic-elastic grinding burn detection method for acid-corrosion-resistant steel gear |
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| CN201911206773.4A CN110836806A (en) | 2019-11-29 | 2019-11-29 | Magnetic-elastic grinding burn detection method for acid-corrosion-resistant steel gear |
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Cited By (2)
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| CN113155444A (en) * | 2021-01-26 | 2021-07-23 | 重庆齿轮箱有限责任公司 | Calibration method for detecting grinding burn of carburized and quenched gear by magnetic-elastic method |
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