CN111141171B - Heat exchange tube self-cleaning method and heat pump water heater - Google Patents
Heat exchange tube self-cleaning method and heat pump water heater Download PDFInfo
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- CN111141171B CN111141171B CN202010054804.5A CN202010054804A CN111141171B CN 111141171 B CN111141171 B CN 111141171B CN 202010054804 A CN202010054804 A CN 202010054804A CN 111141171 B CN111141171 B CN 111141171B
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- heat exchange
- exchange tube
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- water
- heat
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28G—CLEANING OF INTERNAL OR EXTERNAL SURFACES OF HEAT-EXCHANGE OR HEAT-TRANSFER CONDUITS, e.g. WATER TUBES OR BOILERS
- F28G9/00—Cleaning by flushing or washing, e.g. with chemical solvents
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H9/00—Details
- F24H9/0005—Details for water heaters
- F24H9/0042—Cleaning arrangements
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H9/00—Details
- F24H9/20—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28G—CLEANING OF INTERNAL OR EXTERNAL SURFACES OF HEAT-EXCHANGE OR HEAT-TRANSFER CONDUITS, e.g. WATER TUBES OR BOILERS
- F28G15/00—Details
- F28G15/003—Control arrangements
Abstract
The invention discloses a heat exchange tube self-cleaning method and a heat pump water heater, wherein the heat exchange tube self-cleaning method comprises the following steps: executing a cooling step to enable the inner wall of the heat exchange tube to be in a wet and/or frosted low-temperature state, and ensuring that the outlet temperature Ta is stably filled with water at the low temperature Ta +/-1 ℃ for preset low-temperature time t 1; and then quickly executing a temperature rising step to enable the hot water to wash the inner wall of the heat exchange tube. According to the invention, the cooling step and the heating step are executed, so that cold water and hot water are alternately supplemented into the heat exchange tube, after the outlet temperature Tb is higher than the high temperature T2, the frequency of the compressor is stopped to be increased, the rotating speed of the water pump is increased to r2, the preset high temperature time T2 is operated, and the heat exchange tube is cleaned. According to the invention, by executing the cooling step and the heating step, cold water and hot water are alternately and rapidly supplemented into the heat exchange tube, and effective descaling is realized by utilizing the principle of expansion with heat and contraction with cold, the difference of thermal expansion coefficients of water scale and the material of the heat exchange tube and high water pressure washing.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of self-cleaning methods, in particular to a heat exchange tube self-cleaning method and a heat pump water heater.
Background
After the heat exchange tube for water flowing is used for a period of time, because calcium and magnesium ions in water cause scaling, water scale is attached to the inner wall of the heat exchange tube, and if the water scale is not cleared away in time, the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchange tube is influenced, and the normal flowing of water can be hindered. In the prior art, a scheme for automatically descaling a heat exchange tube has appeared, for example, the invention patent with publication number CN108204673A discloses an automatic descaling electric water boiler, which heats an electric heater first and then cools the electric heater, finishes descaling by shrinkage, is not beneficial to natural falling of scale, and has an application range limited to water boilers. For another example, the utility model with the publication number of CN2839918Y discloses an automatic descaling device for a cooling machine, in which a water-cooled cooling machine cools a hot surface by using water temperature, and then heats the hot surface to automatically strip off the scale on the surface and fall into a water tank, and the application range of the device is limited to the cooling machine and is not suitable for descaling narrow pipes such as heat exchange pipes.
Therefore, how to design a self-cleaning method for a heat exchange tube with good descaling effect and a heat pump water heater are technical problems to be solved urgently in the industry.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a self-cleaning method of a heat exchange tube and a heat pump water heater, aiming at solving the defect that the cleaning effect is poor when the existing descaling scheme is used for the heat exchange tube.
The invention adopts the technical scheme that a self-cleaning method of a heat exchange tube is designed, and the self-cleaning method comprises the following steps: executing a cooling step to enable the inner wall of the heat exchange tube to be in a low-temperature state of wetting and/or frosting; and executing a temperature rising step to enable the hot water to wash the inner wall of the heat exchange tube.
And (3) cooling:
in a preferred embodiment, the cooling step comprises: providing cold energy for the heat exchange tube and filling water into the heat exchange tube.
Wherein, the step of cooling still includes: detecting the outlet temperature Ta of the heat exchange tube; when the outlet temperature Ta is higher than the preset low-temperature range, the cold quantity provided for the heat exchange tube is increased; and/or when the outlet temperature Ta is lower than the preset low-temperature range, reducing the cold supplied to the heat exchange tube.
Further, when the outlet temperature Ta is within the preset low-temperature range, the flushing low-temperature time is timed, whether the flushing low-temperature time reaches the preset low-temperature time t1 is judged, and if yes, the temperature rising step is executed.
Optionally, when the outlet temperature Ta is outside the preset low temperature range, the flushing low temperature time is reset.
In an alternative embodiment, the cooling step comprises: and filling vapor into the heat exchange tube and providing cold energy for the heat exchange tube.
And a temperature raising step:
in a preferred embodiment, the step of increasing the temperature comprises: provides heat for the heat exchange tube and fills water in the heat exchange tube.
Wherein, the step of heating further comprises: detecting the outlet temperature Tb of the heat exchange tube; when the outlet temperature Tb is lower than or equal to the preset high temperature value T2, reducing the water speed in the heat exchange tube and increasing the heat provided to the heat exchange tube; and/or when the outlet temperature Tb is higher than the preset high temperature value T2, increasing the water speed in the heat exchange tube and maintaining the heat supplied to the heat exchange tube.
Further, when the outlet temperature Tb is higher than a preset high temperature value T2, timing the flushing high temperature time; and judging whether the flushing high-temperature time reaches preset high-temperature time t2, if so, ending the temperature rise step, and finishing the cleaning of the heat exchange tube.
Optionally, when the outlet temperature Tb is lower than or equal to the preset high temperature value T2, the flushing high temperature time is reset.
Preferably, the water inlet of the heat exchange tube is connected with a water inlet tube, and the water outlet of the heat exchange tube is connected with a water outlet tube and a water outlet tube which are connected in parallel; when the cooling step is executed, the water inlet pipe is communicated with the water discharge pipe, and the water outlet pipe is closed; and/or when the temperature rise step is finished, the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe are communicated, and the water discharge pipe is closed.
As optimization, a heat pump unit is adopted to provide cold or heat for the heat exchange tube; the cold or heat quantity provided for the heat exchange tube is increased when the frequency of the compressor of the heat pump unit is increased, and the cold or heat quantity provided for the heat exchange tube is reduced when the frequency of the compressor of the heat pump unit is reduced.
As optimization, a water pump is adopted to fill water into the heat exchange tube; during the temperature increasing step, when the outlet temperature Tb is lower than or equal to the preset high temperature value T2, the water pump operates at a preset low speed r1, and when the outlet temperature Tb is higher than the preset high temperature value T2, the water pump operates at a preset high speed r 2.
The invention also proposes a heat pump water heater comprising: the heat pump water heater adopts the self-cleaning method for the heat exchange tube to clean the heat exchange tube.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. by executing the cooling step and the heating step, cold water and hot water are alternately and rapidly filled into the heat exchange tube, and effective descaling is realized by utilizing the principle of expansion with heat and contraction with cold and the difference of the thermal expansion coefficients of water scale and the material of the heat exchange tube;
2. the cold and hot states of the heat exchange tube are timely switched by detecting the water outlet temperature and the heat exchange time of the heat exchange tube, so that the deformation of the material of the heat exchange tube is avoided;
3. the refrigerating unit is adopted to provide cold or heat for the heat exchange tube, and the temperature of cold and hot water supplemented into the heat exchange tube can be controlled by adjusting the frequency of the compressor.
Drawings
The invention is described in detail below with reference to examples and figures, in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of a method for self-cleaning a heat exchange tube according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the heat pump water heater in the invention.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, the method for self-cleaning a heat exchange tube provided by the invention comprises the following steps: executing a cooling step to enable the inner wall of the heat exchange tube to be in a low-temperature state of wetting and/or frosting; and then quickly executing a temperature rising step to enable the hot water to wash the inner wall of the heat exchange tube.
Regarding the cooling step.
There are two embodiments of the cooling step, in a preferred embodiment, the cooling step includes: the heat exchange tube is provided with cold energy and filled with water, the outlet temperature Ta of the heat exchange tube is detected, when the outlet temperature Ta is higher than a preset low-temperature range, the cold energy provided for the heat exchange tube is increased, when the outlet temperature Ta is lower than the preset low-temperature range, the cold energy provided for the heat exchange tube is reduced, the outlet temperature Ta is in the preset low-temperature range by adjusting the cold energy, and the heat exchange tube is stably cooled. The preset low temperature range is Ta +/-1 ℃, the margin is at 1 ℃, and the sizes of Ta and the margin can be set according to actual conditions.
Preferably, in order to prevent the deformation of the heat exchange tube material caused by the overlong cooling time, when the outlet temperature Ta is within the preset low-temperature range, the flushing low-temperature time is timed, whether the flushing low-temperature time reaches the preset low-temperature time t1 is judged, and if the flushing low-temperature time reaches the preset low-temperature time t1, the heating step is executed, and hot water is switched in time.
The flushing low-temperature time can be continuously counted after the timing is started, and the temperature rising step is executed and the flushing low-temperature time is reset until the flushing low-temperature time reaches the preset low-temperature time t 1. The flushing low-temperature time can also be timed in another mode, after the flushing low-temperature time is started to be timed, if the outlet temperature Ta is out of the preset low-temperature range, the flushing low-temperature time is reset, and the timing is started when the outlet temperature Ta is in the preset low-temperature range, namely when the outlet temperature Ta is in the preset low-temperature range and maintains the preset low-temperature time t1, the temperature rising step is executed. Of course, the flushing low-temperature time is the accumulated time when the outlet temperature Ta is within the preset low-temperature range, and when the accumulated time reaches the preset low-temperature time t1, the temperature raising step is executed and the flushing low-temperature time is reset. The timing modes are all suitable for the application, can be flexibly selected in practical use, and are not limited by the application.
In an alternative embodiment of the cooling step, the cooling step is performed by: the heat exchange tube is filled with vapor and provides cold energy for the heat exchange tube, the vapor can be filled in through external equipment, the external equipment is connected to a water inlet of the heat exchange tube through a vent pipe, a normally-closed valve is arranged on the vent pipe, and the normally-closed valve is opened when the vapor needs to be filled in the heat exchange tube. It should be noted that, in the alternative embodiment, the outlet temperature Ta of the heat exchange pipe is also detected, and the detection process is exactly the same as that of the preferred embodiment.
The temperature raising step.
The temperature rising step comprises: providing heat for the heat exchange tube, filling water into the heat exchange tube, and detecting the outlet temperature Tb of the heat exchange tube; when the outlet temperature Tb is lower than or equal to the preset high temperature value T2, the water speed in the heat exchange tube is reduced, the heat provided for the heat exchange tube is increased, so that the scale on the inner wall of the heat exchange tube is fully heated, when the outlet temperature Tb is higher than the preset high temperature value T2, the water speed in the heat exchange tube is increased, the heat provided for the heat exchange tube is maintained, and the flushing pressure is increased so that the scale is separated from the inner wall of the heat exchange tube and is discharged.
Preferably, in order to improve the cleaning efficiency, when the outlet temperature Tb is higher than the preset high temperature value T2, the flushing high temperature time is timed, whether the flushing high temperature time reaches the preset high temperature time T2 is judged, if yes, the temperature rising step is finished, and the cleaning of the heat exchange tube is finished. Similarly, the flushing high temperature time may be continuously counted from the beginning of the counting, or may be reset when the outlet temperature Tb is lower than or equal to the preset high temperature value T2, or may be counted cumulatively when the outlet temperature Tb is higher than the preset high temperature value T2, and the above flushing low temperature time is described in detail in various timing manners, which are not repeated herein.
It should be noted that, in the preferred embodiment, the cooling step is performed to provide cooling energy to the heat exchange tube and fill water into the heat exchange tube, the warming step is performed to provide heat to the heat exchange tube and fill water into the heat exchange tube, cold water and hot water are used for rapid and alternate flushing, as the thermal expansion coefficients of the scale and the material of the heat exchange tube are different, the water pressure is increased after the water speed is increased, separation of the scale from the inner wall of the heat exchange tube is realized, and the separated scale is discharged along with the hot water. In an alternative embodiment, the cooling step is performed by filling water vapor into the heat exchange tube and providing cold energy to the heat exchange tube to frost the water vapor on the inner wall surface of the heat exchange tube, then the heating step is performed by utilizing the burst of the frost layer and the difference of the thermal expansion coefficients of the heat exchange tube and the scale during the defrosting period to separate the scale, and then the scale is cleaned by the filled hot water.
When the heat exchange tube is used specifically, a water inlet of the heat exchange tube is connected with a water inlet pipe 14, a water outlet of the heat exchange tube is connected with a water outlet pipe 13, the water outlet pipe 13 is usually connected to containers such as a water tank, and the like, and the outlet temperature Ta is detected by a temperature sensing bulb 6 at the water outlet of the heat exchange tube. In order to prevent sewage for cleaning the heat exchange pipe from entering the water tank, the water outlet of the heat exchange pipe is also connected with a drain pipe 12 connected with a water outlet pipe 13 in parallel, a water inlet valve 8 is installed on a water inlet pipe 14, a water outlet valve 7 is installed on the water outlet pipe 13, and a drain valve 11 is installed on the drain pipe 12. When the temperature reduction step is executed, the water inlet valve 8 is communicated with the drain valve 11, and the water outlet valve 7 is closed; when the temperature rise step is finished, the water inlet valve 8 and the water outlet valve 7 are communicated, and the water discharge valve 11 is closed. The water inlet pipe 14 is provided with the water pump 9, the water inlet pipe 14 is connected to the outlet of the water pump 9, the pipeline connected with the inlet of the water pump 9 is provided with the switch valve 10, and one of the water inlet valve 8 and the switch valve 10 can be independently selected to be arranged in practical application. When the water inlet valve 8 and the switch valve 10 are opened, the water pump 9 fills water into the heat exchange tube, and in the process of executing the temperature rising step, when the outlet temperature Tb is lower than or equal to the preset high temperature value T2, the water pump 9 operates at the preset low rotating speed r1, and when the outlet temperature Tb is higher than the preset high temperature value T2, the water pump 9 operates at the preset high rotating speed r 2.
As shown in fig. 2, the self-cleaning method of the present invention is suitable for an electrical appliance or equipment having a heat exchange tube, such as a heat pump water heater, the heat pump water heater includes a heat pump unit, a water side heat exchanger 3 of the heat pump unit is provided with a heat exchange tube for water flow, the heat exchange tube is connected with a water tank, and the heat pump water heater adopts the above-mentioned self-cleaning method for cleaning the heat exchange tube.
The heat pump unit provides cold or heat for the heat exchange tube, the heat pump unit is provided with a compressor 1, a four-way valve 15, an outdoor side heat exchanger 5, a throttling device 4 and a water side heat exchanger 3, the heat exchange tube is arranged in the water side heat exchanger 3, water in the heat exchange tube exchanges heat with a refrigerant flowing through the water side heat exchanger 3, and the heat pump unit is switched to a refrigerating mode or a heating mode through the four-way valve 15 in a reversing mode. The heat pump unit provides cold energy for the heat exchange tube when refrigerating, the cold energy provided for the heat exchange tube is increased when the frequency of the compressor 1 of the heat pump unit is increased, the heat pump unit rapidly refrigerates, low-temperature cold water is rapidly supplemented into the heat exchange tube, and the cold energy provided for the heat exchange tube is reduced when the frequency of the compressor 1 of the heat pump unit is reduced; the heat pump set provides heat for the heat exchange tube when heating, increases the heat that provides the heat exchange tube when heat pump set's 1 frequency of compressor risees, and heat pump set heats fast, realizes that the heat exchange tube mends high-temperature hot water rapidly, reduces the heat that provides the heat exchange tube when heat pump set's 1 frequency of compressor reduces, and through the regulation of 1 frequency of compressor, the realization is mended the hot and cold water temperature of heat exchange tube and is controllable.
As shown in FIG. 1, the preferred detailed steps of the self-cleaning method are as follows:
step 1, the heat pump water heater enters a scale cleaning mode;
step 2, closing the water outlet valve 7, opening the water inlet valve 8, the switch valve 10 and the drain valve 11, filling water into the heat exchange tube, and enabling the heat pump unit to enter a refrigeration mode;
if the outlet temperature Ta is higher than the preset low-temperature range, the frequency of the compressor 1 is increased, the heat pump unit performs rapid refrigeration, and the heat exchange tube is rapidly supplemented with low-temperature cold water;
if the outlet temperature Ta is lower than the preset low-temperature range, the frequency of the compressor 1 is reduced;
if the outlet temperature Ta is within the preset low-temperature range, timing the flushing low-temperature time, and judging whether the flushing low-temperature time reaches the preset low-temperature time t1, if so, performing the step 4;
step 4, flushing water to the heat exchange pipe is kept, and the heat pump unit enters a heating mode;
and 8, closing the drain valve 11, opening the water inlet valve 8, the switch valve 10 and the water outlet valve 7, and withdrawing the heat pump water heater from the scale cleaning mode.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (12)
1. A self-cleaning method for a heat exchange tube is characterized by comprising the following steps:
executing a temperature reduction step to enable the inner wall of the heat exchange tube to be in a low-temperature state of wetting and/or frosting;
executing a temperature rise step to enable hot water to flush the inner wall of the heat exchange tube;
the temperature raising step comprises: providing heat for the heat exchange tube and filling water into the heat exchange tube;
detecting the outlet temperature Tb of the heat exchange tube;
when the outlet temperature Tb is lower than or equal to a preset high temperature value T2, reducing the water speed in the heat exchange tube and increasing the heat provided to the heat exchange tube;
and/or when the outlet temperature Tb is higher than a preset high temperature value T2, increasing the water speed in the heat exchange tube and maintaining the heat provided for the heat exchange tube.
2. A self-cleaning method of a heat exchange pipe as recited in claim 1, wherein said cooling step comprises: providing cold energy for the heat exchange tube and filling water into the heat exchange tube.
3. A self-cleaning method of a heat exchange pipe as recited in claim 2, wherein said cooling step further comprises:
detecting the outlet temperature Ta of the heat exchange tube;
when the outlet temperature Ta is higher than a preset low-temperature range, the cold quantity provided for the heat exchange tube is increased;
and/or when the outlet temperature Ta is lower than a preset low-temperature range, reducing the cold provided for the heat exchange tube.
4. A self-cleaning method of a heat exchange pipe as recited in claim 3, wherein said cooling step further comprises:
when the outlet temperature Ta is within a preset low-temperature range, timing the flushing low-temperature time;
and judging whether the flushing low-temperature time reaches a preset low-temperature time t1, and if so, executing a temperature rising step.
5. A self-cleaning method of a heat exchange pipe as recited in claim 4, wherein said flushing water low temperature time is reset when said outlet temperature Ta is out of a preset low temperature range.
6. A method of self-cleaning a heat exchange tube as recited in claim 1, wherein said temperature raising step further comprises:
when the outlet temperature Tb is higher than a preset high temperature value T2, timing flushing high temperature time;
and judging whether the flushing high-temperature time reaches preset high-temperature time t2, if so, ending the temperature rising step, and finishing the cleaning of the heat exchange tube.
7. A self-cleaning method of a heat exchange pipe as recited in claim 6, wherein the flushing high temperature time is reset when the outlet temperature Tb is lower than or equal to a preset high temperature value T2.
8. A self-cleaning method of a heat exchange pipe as recited in claim 1, wherein said cooling step comprises: and filling vapor into the heat exchange tube and providing cold energy for the heat exchange tube.
9. A self-cleaning method of a heat exchange tube as recited in any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein a water inlet pipe is connected to a water inlet of the heat exchange tube, and a water outlet of the heat exchange tube is connected to a water outlet pipe and a water outlet pipe which are connected in parallel;
when the cooling step is executed, the water inlet pipe is communicated with the water drain pipe, and the water outlet pipe is closed;
and/or when the temperature rise step is finished, the water inlet pipe is communicated with the water outlet pipe, and the water outlet pipe is closed.
10. A heat exchange tube self-cleaning method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein a heat pump unit is used to supply cold or heat to the heat exchange tube; the heat exchange tube is characterized in that the cold or heat provided for the heat exchange tube is increased when the frequency of a compressor of the heat pump unit is increased, and the cold or heat provided for the heat exchange tube is reduced when the frequency of the compressor of the heat pump unit is reduced.
11. A self-cleaning method of a heat exchange pipe as recited in claim 1, wherein a water pump is used to fill the heat exchange pipe with water; in the process of executing the temperature rise step, when the outlet temperature Tb is lower than or equal to a preset high temperature value T2, the water pump operates at a preset low rotating speed r1, and when the outlet temperature Tb is higher than a preset high temperature value T2, the water pump operates at a preset high rotating speed r 2.
12. A heat pump water heater comprising: the heat pump unit is characterized in that the heat pump water heater adopts the self-cleaning method for the heat exchange tube according to any one of claims 1 to 11 to clean the heat exchange tube.
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| CN202010054804.5A CN111141171B (en) | 2020-01-17 | 2020-01-17 | Heat exchange tube self-cleaning method and heat pump water heater |
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| CN202010054804.5A CN111141171B (en) | 2020-01-17 | 2020-01-17 | Heat exchange tube self-cleaning method and heat pump water heater |
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| CN117178851A (en) * | 2023-11-07 | 2023-12-08 | 昆明理工大学 | Self-descaling drip irrigation system for dry farming paddy rice |
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| CN111141171A (en) | 2020-05-12 |
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