CN111140314A - Tail gas particulate matter removal system and method based on steam phase change agglomeration technology - Google Patents
Tail gas particulate matter removal system and method based on steam phase change agglomeration technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN111140314A CN111140314A CN201911358689.4A CN201911358689A CN111140314A CN 111140314 A CN111140314 A CN 111140314A CN 201911358689 A CN201911358689 A CN 201911358689A CN 111140314 A CN111140314 A CN 111140314A
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- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000011882 ultra-fine particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 179
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 81
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 65
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 48
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012808 vapor phase Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/04—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust using liquids
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/10—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using filter plates, sheets or pads having plane surfaces
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D50/00—Combinations of methods or devices for separating particles from gases or vapours
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N5/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting from exhaust energy
- F01N5/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting from exhaust energy the devices using heat
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
- B01D2258/01—Engine exhaust gases
- B01D2258/012—Diesel engines and lean burn gasoline engines
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Abstract
The invention discloses a tail gas particulate matter removing system and method based on a steam phase change agglomeration technology, and relates to the technical field of tail gas treatment of marine diesel engines. The invention provides a tail gas particulate matter removing system and method based on a steam phase change agglomeration technology, which have the advantages of small occupied space, low energy consumption and good removing effect of ultrafine particles in tail gas.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of marine diesel engine tail gas treatment, in particular to a tail gas particulate matter removal system and method based on a steam phase change agglomeration technology.
Background
In modern economies, ships are the primary means of world trade transportation. With the increase of the demand of people and the increase of trade volume, the number and the tonnage of ships are greatly increased in recent years. In ship transportation, the energy consumption of a ship diesel engine is huge as an absolute power source. At present, the fuel cost accounts for about 40-50% of the transportation cost of ships, and in order to save the fuel cost of ships, shipowners usually use low-quality heavy oil with higher sulfur content as fuel, the combustion products contain a large amount of pollutants such as particulate matters, SOx, NOx and the like, and the pollution of the particulate matters of the ships causes serious harm to the ocean atmosphere and the port environment. In order to protect the environment, the emission of particles of a ship engine must be reduced, and the main method is to improve the internal combustion and add an external particle removal device. Relatively speaking, off-machine processing is now a more viable approach. Currently, some researchers have started related research on the removal of particulate matters in ship exhaust.
At present, the traditional method for removing particles outside the machine can remove particles with larger particle sizes in tail gas, but a large amount of superfine particles are not treated. If a new particulate matter removal technology is adopted, such as an electrostatic dust collector, an electrostatic bag composite dust collector, electrostatic enhanced mist and the like, most of superfine particulate matters in the tail gas can be effectively removed, but the problems of large occupied space of equipment, high energy consumption and the like exist, and the technology is not suitable for being applied to ships. The wet process technology is an effective method for removing the particles in the tail gas of the ship, but the existing scheme for removing the ultrafine particles in the tail gas by the wet process has certain defects.
In patent 201910541626.6, the internal spiral pipe with holes is used as washing unit, and the water spray holes spray water to remove particles. In the invention, the small holes designed for spraying water mist are easily blocked by a large amount of particles discharged by burning heavy oil, and the superfine particles in the tail gas cannot be effectively removed because the superfine particles in the tail gas are not treated.
In patent 201821611077.2 entitled "a diesel engine exhaust particulate matter processing system", wet electrostatic dust removal is adopted to remove particulate matter, and when facing a large marine diesel engine, the system has the problems of large occupied space of equipment, high energy consumption and the like, and is not suitable for marine application.
In view of the above, it is necessary to develop a system capable of effectively removing particulate matters (especially ultrafine particulate matters) from marine diesel engine exhaust.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above technical problems, the present invention aims to provide a system and a method for removing particulate matters in exhaust gas based on a vapor phase change agglomeration technology, which can effectively remove ultrafine particles in the exhaust gas, reduce energy consumption, and occupy a small space.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a tail gas particulate matter removing system based on a steam phase change agglomeration technology comprises a waste heat recovery unit, a particle growth unit and a dust removal device, wherein the waste heat recovery unit is communicated with a tail gas pipeline to be treated through a pipeline, the waste heat recovery unit is communicated with the particle growth unit through a pipeline, and the particle growth unit is communicated with the dust removal device; the waste heat recovery unit comprises a heat exchanger, the heat exchanger comprises a heat exchanger shell, a heat exchange tube and a steam generation tube, a first tail gas inlet and a first tail gas outlet of the heat exchanger are formed in the heat exchanger shell, one end of the heat exchange tube is inserted into the heat exchanger shell, the heat exchange tube is arranged between the first tail gas inlet and the first tail gas outlet, namely the heat exchange tube is arranged in a tail gas circulation path, and the other end of the heat exchange tube is wound on the steam generation tube to form a steam generation area; one end of the steam generating pipe is communicated with a water supply pipe, a water inlet valve is arranged on the water supply pipe and used for controlling water supply, a flow controller is arranged on the water inlet valve and used for collecting the water flow in the water inlet valve so as to control the water inlet flow, and a steam outlet is formed at the other end of the steam generating pipe; the particle growth unit comprises a particle grower, the particle grower is of a cylindrical barrel-shaped structure and is of a hollow structure, the particle grower is vertically arranged, a second tail gas inlet is formed in the lower end of the particle grower, a second tail gas outlet is formed in the upper end of the particle grower, and the dust removal equipment is communicated with the second tail gas outlet through a pipeline; the particle grower is internally provided with a cooling water pipe, the cooling water pipe is arranged on one side close to the second tail gas outlet, the cooling water pipe is arranged on a tail gas circulation path between the second tail gas inlet and the second tail gas outlet, the cooling water pipe is folded in a stacking manner, the cooling water pipe is arranged in the particle grower in a stacking and bending manner along the vertical direction, the cooling water pipe is provided with a cooling water inlet, the cooling water inlet is arranged on one side close to the second tail gas inlet, the cooling water pipe is also provided with a cooling water outlet, and the cooling water outlet is arranged on one side close to the second tail gas outlet; the granule growth device is characterized in that a steam inlet is formed in the side wall of the granule growth device, the steam inlet is formed below the cooling water pipe, a mixing area is arranged between the steam inlet and the cooling water pipe, the steam inlet is formed in the edge position of the lower end of the granule growth device, the steam inlet is communicated with a steam outlet of the steam generation pipe, and a pump used for providing steam pressure is arranged between the steam inlet and the steam outlet of the steam generation pipe.
The invention is further configured to: the water outlet of the cooling water pipe is communicated with a water supply pipe of the steam generating pipe, so that cooling water absorbing heat in the cooling water pipe enters the steam generating pipe.
The invention is further configured to: and a steam bypass control valve is arranged on a guide pipe between the steam outlet and the steam inlet of the particle grower, and is communicated with a ship heating pipe network.
The invention is further configured to: the heat exchange tube adopts the silk screen type heat exchange tube, just the heat exchange tube is provided with two sets at least.
The invention is further configured to: the heat exchange tube is made of stainless steel.
The invention is further configured to: an expansion space is arranged in the heat exchanger, and the heat exchange tube is arranged in the expansion space.
The invention is further configured to: be provided with the tail gas expansion mouth in the granule grower, the tail gas expansion mouth is tubaeform, tail gas expansion mouth and second tail gas import intercommunication, second tail gas import and tail gas expansion mouth's slot end intercommunication.
A tail gas particulate matter removing method based on a steam phase change agglomeration technology comprises the following steps:
s1, conducting heat of tail gas generated by the marine diesel engine to a steam generation pipe by using a heat exchange pipe of a heat exchanger, converting water in the steam generation pipe into steam, reducing the temperature of the tail gas, changing the steam in the tail gas into supersaturated steam due to temperature reduction, and beginning to condense and agglomerate by using ultrafine particles in the tail gas as a core;
s2, water vapor enters a particle grower through a pump, the tail gas after primary condensation and agglomeration enters the particle grower, the water vapor enters the particle grower to improve the air wettability inside the particle grower, so that the water vapor in the particle grower reaches a supersaturated state, and ultrafine particles in the tail gas are condensed and agglomerated with the water vapor to further increase the size of the ultrafine particles in the tail gas;
s3, after the tail gas and the steam are mixed, the temperature of the mixed gas passes through a cooling water pipe, the temperature of the tail gas and the temperature of the steam are reduced, the superfine particles in the tail gas and the steam are promoted to be further condensed and agglomerated, the superfine particles in the tail gas are further increased, and the removal requirement is met;
and S4, enabling the tail gas in the step S3 to enter dust removal equipment through a pipeline, and removing ultrafine particles in the tail gas.
The invention is further configured to: and when the steam generated in the step S1 is insufficient, opening a steam bypass control valve to communicate the ship heating pipe network, and supplementing the steam from the ship heating pipe network.
The invention is further configured to: when the steam generated in the step S1 is excessive, the steam bypass control valve is opened to communicate the marine heating pipe network, and the excessive steam is introduced into the marine heating pipe network.
In conclusion, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the system for removing the particles in the ship tail gas can effectively remove the particles in the ship tail gas, particularly ultrafine particles, and thoroughly remove the particles in the tail gas of a ship engine;
2. compared with other systems capable of removing ultrafine particles, such as electrostatic washing, electrostatic-bag composite dust removal and other methods, the ship tail gas particle removal system has the advantages of lower energy consumption, smaller occupied space and smaller back pressure, and is more suitable for ship application;
3. the ship tail gas particle removal system is provided with the heat exchanger, ship tail gas is used as a heat source, and generated steam can serve crews, so that the heat of the ship tail gas can be better utilized;
4. according to the ship tail gas particulate matter removing system, the heat exchanger can be replaced by a waste heat boiler in the waste heat recovery system on a ship with the waste heat recovery device, so that the occupied space of the device is smaller;
5. the ship tail gas particulate matter removal system can enable the particulate matter emission of the tail gas to meet corresponding requirements.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a flow diagram of a marine exhaust particulate removal system according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a heat exchanger of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic of a cross-section of a heat exchange tube core of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a grain grower of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a flow chart of a method for removing particulate matters from ship exhaust gas according to the invention.
Reference numerals: 1. marine diesel engines; 2. a heat exchanger; 201. an expansion space; 3. a steam bypass control valve; 4. a particle grower; 41. a mixing zone; 5. a dust removal device; 6. a flow controller; 7. a water inlet valve; 8. a pump; 9. a heat exchange pipe; 10. a heat exchanger housing; 11. a first tail gas inlet; 12. a first tail gas outlet; 13. a steam generating pipe; 14. a tube core cross-section wire mesh; 15. a second tail gas inlet; 16. a second tail gas outlet; 17. a particle grower housing; 18. a steam inlet; 19. a cooling water pipe; 20. a cooling water inlet; 21. a cooling water outlet; 22. a marine heating pipe network; 23. the mouth is expanded.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a tail gas particulate matter removing system and a tail gas particulate matter removing method based on a steam phase change agglomeration technology, and in order to make the purpose, the technical scheme and the effect of the tail gas particulate matter removing system more clear and definite, the tail gas particulate matter removing system and the tail gas particulate matter removing method are further described in detail below by referring to the attached drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and claims of the present invention and in the above-described drawings are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order, it being understood that the data so used may be interchanged under appropriate circumstances. Furthermore, the terms "comprises" and "comprising," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements is not necessarily limited to those elements explicitly listed, but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such system, article, or apparatus.
Referring to the attached drawing 1, a tail gas particulate matter removing system based on a steam phase change agglomeration technology comprises a waste heat recovery unit, a particle growth unit and a dust removal device 5. The waste heat recovery unit is communicated with a tail gas pipeline to be treated through a pipeline, the waste heat recovery unit is communicated with the particle growth unit through a pipeline, and the particle growth unit is communicated with the dust removal equipment 5. The dust removing device 5 is a dust removing device 5 commonly used on ships.
With reference to fig. 2-3, the waste heat recovery unit includes a heat exchanger 2, and the heat exchanger 2 includes a shell of the heat exchanger 2, a heat exchange tube 9 and a steam generating tube 13. A first tail gas inlet 11 and a first tail gas outlet 12 of the heat exchanger 2 are formed in the shell of the heat exchanger 2, and the first tail gas inlet 11 is communicated with a tail gas discharge port of the marine diesel engine 1. An expansion space 201 is formed in the housing of the heat exchanger 2, and the expansion space 201 is arranged between the first tail gas inlet 11 and the first tail gas outlet 12.
One end of the heat exchange tube 9 is inserted in the shell of the heat exchanger 2, the heat exchange tube 9 is arranged in the expansion space 201, and the heat exchange tube 9 is arranged between the first tail gas inlet 11 and the first tail gas outlet 12, i.e. the heat exchange tube 9 is arranged in the tail gas flow path. After the ship tail gas enters the expansion space 201, the speed is reduced, and the ship tail gas is fully contacted with the heat exchange tube 9, so that the heat in the tail gas is effectively absorbed. The heat exchange tube 9 is provided with two sets ofly at least, and heat exchange tube 9 is provided with two sets ofly in this embodiment, utilizes the multiunit heat exchange tube 9 that sets up can accelerate heat exchange tube 9's heat efficiency, helps providing the heat transfer effect. The heat exchange tube 9 is a wire mesh type heat exchange tube 9, and the wire mesh type heat exchange tube 9 can increase the contact area between the heat exchange tube and tail gas, so that the heat exchange effect of the heat exchange tube 9 is further improved. The heat exchange tube 9 is made of stainless steel, so that the heat exchange tube 9 is prevented from being corroded by ship tail gas in the using process, and the service life of the heat exchange tube is prolonged. The heat exchanger 2 can be replaced by a waste heat boiler in a waste heat recovery system, so that the occupied space of the device is smaller.
One end of the steam generating pipe 13 is communicated with a water supply pipe, a water inlet valve 7 is arranged on the water supply pipe, the water inlet valve 7 is used for controlling water supply through the water inlet valve 7, and a flow controller 6 is arranged on the water inlet valve 7 and is used for collecting the water flow in the water inlet valve 7 so as to control the water inlet flow, so that the working condition change of the diesel engine is matched, and the steam production is ensured. The other end of the steam generating pipe 13 forms a steam outlet, and the steam outlet of the steam generating pipe 13 is communicated with the particle growing unit. In the using process, the heat exchange pipe 9 transfers the heat in the tail gas to the steam generating pipe 13, and water is heated into steam through the steam generating pipe 13; in the process, the temperature of the tail gas is reduced, the steam in the tail gas is supersaturated, and the supersaturated steam begins to condense on the surface of the tail gas by taking ultrafine particles in the tail gas as cores and gather to increase the diameter of the ultrafine particles.
With reference to fig. 4, the grain growth unit includes a grain grower 4, the grain grower 4 includes a grain grower housing 17, the housing is a cylindrical barrel structure, the grain grower 4 is a hollow structure, and the grain grower 4 is vertically disposed. The lower end of the grower is provided with a second tail gas inlet 15, the upper end of the grower is provided with a second tail gas outlet 16, and the dust removing device 5 is communicated with the second tail gas outlet 16 through a pipeline. Be provided with tail gas expanding port 23 in the particle grower 4, tail gas expanding port 23 is tubaeform, and tail gas expanding port 23 communicates with second tail gas import 15, and second tail gas import 15 communicates with the tang end of tail gas expanding port 23. Through the arranged tail gas expansion port 23, the tail gas entering the grower can be quickly diffused into the inner cavity of the particle grower 4.
Inside condenser tube 19 that is provided with of granule growth ware 4, condenser tube 19 sets up in being close to second tail gas export 16 one side, and condenser tube 19 sets up on the tail gas circulation route between second tail gas import 15 and second tail gas export 16, and condenser tube 19 is range upon range of the bending, and condenser tube 19 sets up in granule growth ware 4 along the range upon range of bending of vertical direction. The cooling water pipe 19 is provided with a cooling water inlet 20, the cooling water inlet 20 is arranged on one side close to the second tail gas inlet 15, the cooling water pipe 19 is further provided with a cooling water outlet 21, and the cooling water outlet 21 is arranged on one side close to the second tail gas outlet 16.
The side wall of the particle grower 4 is provided with a steam inlet 18, the steam inlet 18 is arranged below the cooling water pipe 19, and the steam inlet 18 is communicated with the steam outlet of the steam generating pipe 13 through a pipeline. A mixing area 41 is arranged between the steam inlet 18 and the cooling water pipe 19, the steam inlet 18 is arranged at the lower end edge position of the particle grower 4, the steam inlet 18 is communicated with the steam outlet of the steam generating pipe 13, and a pump 8 for providing steam pressure is arranged between the steam inlet 18 and the steam outlet of the steam generating pipe 13. In the using process, the water vapor and the tail gas enter the particle grower 4, the water vapor and the tail gas are mixed with each other in the mixing area 41, and in the process, the water vapor improves the air wettability in the particle grower 4, so that the water vapor in the particle grower 4 reaches a supersaturated state, and the ultrafine particles in the gas and the water vapor are condensed and agglomerated to further increase the size of the ultrafine particles in the tail gas. After the tail gas and the water vapor are mixed in the mixing area 41, the temperature of the mixed gas passes through the cooling water pipe 19, the temperature of the tail gas and the water vapor is reduced, the superfine particles in the tail gas and the water vapor are promoted to be further condensed and agglomerated, the superfine particles in the tail gas are further increased, and the removal requirement is met.
In order to further reduce the energy consumption of the ship, the water outlet of the cooling water pipe 19 is communicated with the water supply pipe of the steam generating pipe 13. In the using process, after the water in the cooling water pipe 19 absorbs the temperature in the tail gas, the water temperature rises, and the cooling water with the raised temperature enters the steam generating pipe 13, so that the energy consumption required by steam generation is reduced.
A steam bypass control valve 3 is arranged on a conduit between the steam outlet and the steam inlet 18 of the particle grower 4, and the steam bypass control valve 3 is communicated with a ship heating pipe network 22. When the heat in the exhaust gas is insufficient to produce sufficient steam, the steam in the marine heating pipe network 22 is directed into the pellet grower 4 by opening the steam bypass control valve 3. When the heat in the tail gas produces excessive steam, the excessive steam is guided into the ship heating pipe network 22 by opening the steam bypass control valve 3 to heat the ship. By the method, the energy consumption of the ship is effectively reduced.
With reference to fig. 5, a method for removing a tail gas particulate matter removal system based on a steam phase change agglomeration technology comprises the following steps:
s1, conducting the heat of the tail gas generated by the marine diesel engine 1 to the steam generating pipe 13 by using the heat exchange pipe 9 of the heat exchanger 2, converting the water in the steam generating pipe 13 into steam, reducing the temperature of the tail gas, changing the steam in the tail gas into supersaturated steam due to the temperature reduction, and beginning to condense and agglomerate by using the ultrafine particles in the tail gas as a core.
S2, the water vapor enters the particle grower 4 through the pump 8, the tail gas after primary condensation and agglomeration enters the particle grower 4, the water vapor enters the particle grower 4 to improve the air humidity inside the particle grower 4, so that the water vapor in the particle grower 4 reaches a supersaturated state, and the superfine particles in the tail gas are condensed and agglomerated with the water vapor to further increase the size of the superfine particles in the tail gas.
S3, after the tail gas and the water vapor are mixed, the temperature of the mixed gas passes through the cooling water pipe 19, the temperature of the tail gas and the water vapor is reduced, the superfine particles in the tail gas and the water vapor are promoted to be further condensed and agglomerated, the superfine particles in the tail gas are further increased, and the removal requirement is met.
And S4, the tail gas in the step S3 enters the dust removing equipment 5 through a pipeline, and ultrafine particles in the tail gas are removed.
When the steam generated in step S1 is insufficient, the steam bypass control valve 3 is opened to communicate the marine heating pipe network 22, and the marine heating pipe network 22 is replenished with steam. When the steam generated in step S1 is excessive, the steam bypass control valve 3 is opened to communicate the marine heating pipe network 22, and the excessive steam is introduced into the marine heating pipe network 22.
The present embodiment is only for explaining the present invention, and it is not limited to the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make modifications of the present embodiment without inventive contribution as needed after reading the present specification, but all of them are protected by patent law within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A tail gas particulate matter removing system based on a steam phase change agglomeration technology is characterized by comprising a waste heat recovery unit, a particle growth unit and a dust removal device (5), wherein the waste heat recovery unit is communicated with a tail gas pipeline to be treated through a pipeline, the waste heat recovery unit is communicated with the particle growth unit through a pipeline, and the particle growth unit is communicated with the dust removal device (5);
the waste heat recovery unit comprises a heat exchanger (2), the heat exchanger (2) comprises a heat exchanger shell (10), a heat exchange tube (9) and a steam generation tube (13), a first tail gas inlet (11) and a first tail gas outlet (12) of the heat exchanger (2) are formed in the heat exchanger shell (10), one end of the heat exchange tube (9) is inserted into the heat exchanger shell (10), the heat exchange tube (9) is arranged between the first tail gas inlet (11) and the first tail gas outlet (12), namely the heat exchange tube (9) is arranged in a tail gas circulation path, and the other end of the heat exchange tube (9) is wound on the steam generation tube (13) to form a steam generation area;
one end of the steam generating pipe (13) is communicated with a water supply pipe, a water inlet valve (7) is arranged on the water supply pipe and is used for controlling water supply, a flow controller (6) is arranged on the water inlet valve (7) and is used for collecting the flow of water in the water inlet valve (7) so as to control the flow of the water, and the other end of the steam generating pipe (13) forms a steam outlet;
the particle growth unit comprises a particle grower (4), the particle grower (4) is of a cylindrical barrel-shaped structure, the particle grower (4) is of a hollow structure, the particle grower (4) is vertically arranged, a second tail gas inlet (15) is formed in the lower end of the particle grower (4), a second tail gas outlet (16) is formed in the upper end of the particle grower (4), and the dust removal equipment (5) is communicated with the second tail gas outlet (16) through a pipeline;
a cooling water pipe (19) is arranged inside the particle grower (4), the cooling water pipe (19) is arranged on one side close to the second tail gas outlet (16), the cooling water pipe (19) is arranged on a tail gas circulation path between the second tail gas inlet (15) and the second tail gas outlet (16), the cooling water pipe (19) is folded in a stacking manner, the cooling water pipe (19) is arranged in the particle grower (4) in a stacking manner along the vertical direction, a cooling water inlet (20) is formed in the cooling water pipe (19), the cooling water inlet (20) is arranged on one side close to the second tail gas inlet (15), a cooling water outlet (21) is further formed in the cooling water pipe (19), and the cooling water outlet (21) is arranged on one side close to the second tail gas outlet (16);
steam inlet (18) have been seted up on granule growth ware (4) lateral wall, steam inlet (18) are seted up in the below of condenser tube (19), just be provided with between steam inlet (18) and condenser tube (19) mixing area (41), the lower extreme border position at granule growth ware (4) is seted up in steam inlet (18), steam inlet (18) and the vapor outlet intercommunication of steam generation pipe (13), be provided with pump (8) that are used for providing steam pressure between the vapor outlet of steam inlet (18) and steam generation pipe (13).
2. The tail gas particulate matter removal system based on the steam phase change agglomeration technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein the water outlet of the cooling water pipe (19) is communicated with the water supply pipe of the steam generation pipe (13), so that the cooling water absorbing heat in the cooling water pipe (19) enters the steam generation pipe (13).
3. The tail gas particulate matter removal system based on the steam phase change agglomeration technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein a steam bypass control valve (3) is arranged on a conduit between the steam outlet and the steam inlet (18) of the particle grower (4), and the steam bypass control valve (3) is communicated with a ship heating pipe network (22).
4. The tail gas particulate matter removal system based on the steam phase change agglomeration technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein the heat exchange tubes (9) are wire mesh type heat exchange tubes (9), and at least two groups of heat exchange tubes (9) are arranged.
5. The tail gas particulate matter removal system based on the steam phase change agglomeration technology as claimed in claim 4, wherein the heat exchange tube (9) is made of stainless steel.
6. A tail gas particulate matter removal system based on a steam phase change agglomeration technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein an expansion space (201) is arranged in the heat exchanger (2), and the heat exchange pipe (9) is arranged in the expansion space (201).
7. The tail gas particulate matter removal system based on the steam phase change agglomeration technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein a tail gas expansion port (23) is arranged in the particle grower (4), the tail gas expansion port (23) is in a trumpet shape, the tail gas expansion port (23) is communicated with the second tail gas inlet (15), and the second tail gas inlet (15) is communicated with a narrow-mouth end of the tail gas expansion port (23).
8. A method for removing a tail gas particulate matter removing system based on a steam phase change agglomeration technology, wherein the tail gas particulate matter removing system based on the steam phase change agglomeration technology comprises any one of claims 1 to 7, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, conducting the heat of the tail gas generated by the marine diesel engine (1) to a steam generating pipe (13) by using a heat exchange pipe (9) of a heat exchanger (2), converting water in the steam generating pipe (13) into steam, reducing the temperature of the tail gas, changing the steam in the tail gas into supersaturated steam due to the reduction of the temperature, and beginning to condense and agglomerate by using ultrafine particles in the tail gas as a core;
s2, enabling water vapor to enter a particle grower (4) through a pump (8), enabling the tail gas after primary condensation and agglomeration to enter the particle grower (4), enabling the water vapor to enter the particle grower (4) to improve the air humidity inside the particle grower so as to enable the water vapor in the particle grower (4) to reach a supersaturated state, and enabling ultrafine particles in the tail gas to be condensed and agglomerated with the water vapor to further increase the size of the ultrafine particles in the tail gas;
s3, after the tail gas and the steam are mixed, the temperature of the mixed gas passes through a cooling water pipe (19), the temperature of the tail gas and the steam is reduced, the superfine particles in the tail gas and the steam are promoted to be further condensed and agglomerated, the superfine particles in the tail gas are further increased, and the removal requirement is met;
and S4, the tail gas in the step S3 enters a dust removal device (5) through a pipeline to remove ultrafine particles in the tail gas.
9. The removing method of the tail gas particulate matter removing system based on the steam phase change agglomeration technology according to claim 8, wherein when the steam generated in the step S1 is insufficient, the steam bypass control valve (3) is opened to communicate the ship heating pipe network (22), and the steam is replenished from the ship heating pipe network (22).
10. The method for removing the tail gas particulate matter removal system based on the steam phase change agglomeration technology as claimed in claim 8, wherein when the steam generated in the step S1 is excessive, the steam bypass control valve (3) is opened to communicate the ship heating pipe network (22), and the excessive steam is introduced into the ship heating pipe network (22).
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| CN112316570A (en) * | 2020-10-15 | 2021-02-05 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Compact type industrial tail gas fine particle matter efficient removing and cooling device and method |
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