CN111139403A - Improved iron-based damping alloy and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Improved iron-based damping alloy and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111139403A CN111139403A CN201911300598.5A CN201911300598A CN111139403A CN 111139403 A CN111139403 A CN 111139403A CN 201911300598 A CN201911300598 A CN 201911300598A CN 111139403 A CN111139403 A CN 111139403A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/004—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Cr and Ni
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/48—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with niobium or tantalum
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/50—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with titanium or zirconium
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Abstract
An improved iron-based damping alloy and a manufacturing method thereof are disclosed, wherein alloying elements of Ni, Al, Ti and Nb are added on the basis of the components of the Fe-Cr-Mo ternary system damping alloy, so that the damping performance can be improved by times, better impact toughness, higher tensile strength and higher elongation are obtained, the working condition requirements of submarine and ship related parts are met, and the alloy is popularized and applied as a structural damping material.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an iron-based damping alloy technology, in particular to an improved iron-based damping alloy and a manufacturing method thereof.
Background
Today, with the rapid development of science and technology, vibration reduction and noise reduction are more and more important for the efficient operation of mechanical equipment. High speed operation of, for example, aircraft engine blades, ship propellers, and other mechanical components, can impart unwanted vibration and noise to the overall system, reducing the useful life of the machine components, and even causing damage and breakage of the components. The noise can also stimulate the central nerve and the blood vessel system of the human body, harm the health of the human body and worsen the working condition. With the continuous advancement of the modernization of military operations, the principle of shooting to conceal the body, thereby preserving oneself and destroying enemies, has been transformed into concealed vehicles and concealed locations. The sound stealth technology of the submarine is one of the competitive focuses of military technology in the large country for a long time. Therefore, reducing vibration and noise has become one of the urgent problems to be solved in countries in the world today. The approach of reducing and eliminating harmful vibration or noise is not only to adopt a reasonable mechanical mechanism design scheme, but also to improve the damping performance of materials, namely to select high damping materials to prevent and reduce the propagation of vibration stress peaks, thereby eliminating and reducing the generation of harmful vibration and noise.
The Fe-Cr series damping alloy has good mechanical property, processability and corrosion resistance, excellent high-temperature damping property, stable and unchanged damping property for a long time, basically has nothing to do with the vibration frequency in a wide vibration frequency range, can be applied to higher stress amplitude level, and can exert good damping property under different vibration environments or states. At present, the Fe-Cr series damping alloy is mainly a ferritic stainless steel, the alloy is a single-phase ferritic structure at normal temperature, the problems of 475 ℃ embrittlement, sigma phase precipitation and the like can occur in the heat treatment process, when Mo is contained in the steel, chi phases can also occur, the plasticity and toughness of the material are seriously damaged, and the application range of the Fe-Cr series damping alloy as a structural damping material is limited. The Cr content in the Fe-Cr-Mo damping alloy is about 16 wt%, the Mo content is about 2.5 wt%, and the balance is Fe. The present inventors have considered that if the content of Cr and the content of Mo are reduced while alloying elements Ni, Al, Ti and Nb are added on the basis of the composition of the Fe-Cr-Mo ternary system damping alloy, it is possible to improve damping properties and other properties such as impact toughness, tensile strength, elongation and the like. In view of the above, the present inventors have completed the present invention.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects or shortcomings in the prior art, the invention provides an improved iron-based damping alloy and a manufacturing method thereof, and the improved iron-based damping alloy can improve the damping performance by times by adding alloying elements of Ni, Al, Ti and Nb on the basis of the components of the Fe-Cr-Mo ternary system damping alloy, and can obtain better impact toughness, higher tensile strength and higher elongation percentage, thereby meeting the working condition requirements of submarine and ship related parts and being popularized and applied as a structural damping material.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
an improved iron-based damping alloy is characterized in that alloying elements of Ni, Al, Ti and Nb are added on the basis of the components of the Fe-Cr-Mo ternary system damping alloy.
The sum of the wt% contents of Cr and Mo is 11.4-14.4, the sum of the wt% contents of Ni, Al, Ti and Nb is 1.03-3.1, and the balance is Fe.
An improved iron-based damping alloy, characterized by comprising the following chemical elements and their wt% contents: 11 to 13 parts of Cr, 0.5 to 1.5 parts of Ni, 0.5 to 1.5 parts of Al, 0.4 to 1.4 parts of Mo, 0.03 to 0.1 parts of Ti + Nb, more than 0 part of Ti, more than 0 part of Nb, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
The inevitable impurities comprise carbon C, nitrogen N, sulfur S and phosphorus P, and the content of C + N is less than or equal to 0.02 and the content of S + P is less than or equal to 0.02 in wt%.
The iron-based damping alloy is a damping alloy section with determined damping performance and mechanical performance, which is prepared by smelting, casting, forging, rolling and forming and then carrying out heat treatment.
The smelting adopts a vacuum induction smelting furnace.
And the heat treatment is carried out at the temperature of 1080-1120 ℃ for 1 hour and then is cooled along with the furnace.
Damping performance Q of the damping alloy profile-1The peak value of (a) is 0.041, the impact absorption work of a U-shaped notch sample of the damping alloy section is 352J, the tensile strength is 417MPa, and the elongation is 33.6%.
An improved method for manufacturing an iron-based damping alloy, comprising the steps of: smelting in a vacuum induction smelting furnace, casting, forging, rolling and forming, and then carrying out heat treatment to manufacture the damping alloy section with determined damping performance and mechanical property, wherein the damping alloy section has the following chemical elements and the weight percent content thereof: 11-13 parts of chromium Cr, 0.5-1.5 parts of nickel Ni, 0.5-1.5 parts of aluminum Al, 0.4-1.4 parts of molybdenum Mo, 0.03-0.1 parts of titanium Ti + niobium Nb, more than 0 part of Ti, more than 0 part of Nb, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities, wherein the inevitable impurities comprise carbon C, nitrogen N, sulfur S and phosphorus P, in percentage by weight, C + N is less than or equal to 0.02, S + P is less than or equal to 0.02, the heat treatment is carried out at the temperature of 1080-1120 ℃ for 1 hour, and then the damping performance Q of the damping alloy section is cooled along with a furnace, and the damping performance Q of the damping alloy section is improved-1The peak value of (a) is 0.041, the impact absorption work of a U-shaped notch sample of the damping alloy section is 352J, the tensile strength is 417MPa, and the elongation is 33.6%.
The raw materials adopted by the smelting of the vacuum induction smelting furnace comprise Fe, Cr, Mo, Ni, Al, Ti and Nb, wherein the Fe is industrial pure iron, and the Cr, Mo, Ni, Al, Ti and Nb are high-purity metals with the purity of 99.9 wt%.
The invention has the following technical effects: the invention relates to an improved iron-based damping alloy and a manufacturing method thereof, which solve the problem that the toughness of Fe-Cr series alloy in the prior art is in urgent need of improvement while improving the damping performance. The iron-based damping alloy of the present invention can have certain damping properties and mechanical properties, e.g., resistanceDamping performance Q-1The peak value of (a) is 0.041, the impact absorption work of a U-shaped notch sample of the damping alloy section is 352J, the tensile strength is 417MPa, and the elongation is 33.6%. The iron-based damping alloy can meet the working condition requirements of submarine and ship related parts, and can be popularized and applied as a structural damping material.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following characteristics: 1. the invention obviously improves the impact toughness of the Fe-Cr damping alloy and provides an effective low-cost process method for obtaining the high-toughness Fe-Cr damping alloy. 2. The invention obviously improves the impact toughness of the Fe-Cr damping alloy and simultaneously has excellent damping performance of the alloy. 3. According to the invention, a small amount of Al, Ni, Ti and Nb elements are added into the Fe-Cr-Mo-based damping alloy, and through a reasonable hot working process and a reasonable heat treatment system, the high damping performance of the alloy is ensured, the cost is relatively low, higher impact toughness is obtained, the popularization and the application are very facilitated, and the alloy is expected to become the optimal damping alloy meeting the working condition requirements of submarine and ship related parts.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph of damping performance as a function of strain amplitude for the iron-based damping alloy of the present invention prepared by example and the Fe-Cr-Mo-based damping alloy prepared in comparative example. In FIG. 1, the abscissa represents the strain amplitude (%) and the ordinate represents the damping performance Q-1，Q-1The value of (d) is also called an internal loss value (the larger the value is, the higher the damping performance is), and is proportional to the logarithmic amplitude decay rate. The upper curve (solid line) belongs to the example (invention) and the lower curve (dashed line) to the comparative example (prior art). Damping performance Q of the embodiment of the invention-1Peak value of (1) 0.041, damping performance Q of comparative example-10.015, the damping performance of the example alloy is about 2.7 times that of the comparative example alloy.
Detailed Description
The invention is described below with reference to the following examples and the accompanying drawings (fig. 1).
FIG. 1 is a graph of damping performance as a function of strain amplitude for the iron-based damping alloy of the present invention prepared by example and the Fe-Cr-Mo-based damping alloy prepared in comparative example.Referring to fig. 1, damping performance Q of an embodiment of the present invention-1Peak value of (1) 0.041, damping performance Q of comparative example-10.015, the damping performance of the example alloy is about 2.7 times that of the comparative example alloy. The invention relates to an improved iron-based damping alloy, which is characterized in that alloying elements of Ni, Al, Ti and Nb are added on the basis of the components of a Fe-Cr-Mo ternary system damping alloy. The sum of the wt% contents of Cr and Mo is 11.4-14.4, the sum of the wt% contents of Ni, Al, Ti and Nb is 1.03-3.1, and the balance is Fe. An improved iron-based damping alloy comprises the following chemical elements and the contents thereof by weight percent: 11 to 13 parts of Cr, 0.5 to 1.5 parts of Ni, 0.5 to 1.5 parts of Al, 0.4 to 1.4 parts of Mo, 0.03 to 0.1 parts of Ti + Nb, more than 0 part of Ti, more than 0 part of Nb, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities. The inevitable impurities comprise carbon C, nitrogen N, sulfur S and phosphorus P, and the content of C + N is less than or equal to 0.02 and the content of S + P is less than or equal to 0.02 in wt%. The iron-based damping alloy is a damping alloy section with determined damping performance and mechanical performance, which is prepared by smelting, casting, forging, rolling and forming and then carrying out heat treatment. The smelting adopts a vacuum induction smelting furnace. And the heat treatment is carried out at the temperature of 1080-1120 ℃ for 1 hour and then is cooled along with the furnace. Damping performance Q of the damping alloy profile-1The peak value of (a) is 0.041, the impact absorption work of a U-shaped notch sample of the damping alloy section is 352J, the tensile strength is 417MPa, and the elongation is 33.6%.
An improved iron-based damping alloy manufacturing method comprises the following steps: smelting in a vacuum induction smelting furnace, casting, forging, rolling and forming, and then carrying out heat treatment to manufacture the damping alloy section with determined damping performance and mechanical property, wherein the damping alloy section has the following chemical elements and the weight percent content thereof: 11-13 parts of chromium Cr, 0.5-1.5 parts of nickel Ni, 0.5-1.5 parts of aluminum Al, 0.4-1.4 parts of molybdenum Mo, 0.03-0.1 parts of titanium Ti + niobium Nb, more than 0 part of Ti, more than 0 part of Nb, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities, wherein the inevitable impurities comprise carbon C, nitrogen N, sulfur S and phosphorus P, in percentage by weight, C + N is less than or equal to 0.02, S + P is less than or equal to 0.02, the heat treatment is carried out at the temperature of 1080-1120 ℃ for 1 hour, and then the damping performance Q of the damping alloy section is cooled along with a furnace, and the damping performance Q of the damping alloy section is improved-10.041, the damping alloy profileThe U-notch sample (2) had a shock absorption work of 352J, a tensile strength of 417MPa and an elongation of 33.6%. The raw materials adopted by the smelting of the vacuum induction smelting furnace comprise Fe, Cr, Mo, Ni, Al, Ti and Nb, wherein the Fe is industrial pure iron, and the Cr, Mo, Ni, Al, Ti and Nb are high-purity metals with the purity of 99.9 wt%.
The invention relates to an improved iron-based damping alloy which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 11-13% of Cr, 0.4-1.4% of Mo, 0.5-1.5% of Ni, 0.5-1.5% of Al, 0.03-0.1% of Ti + Nb, and the balance of Fe. The improved iron-based damping alloy has the mass fraction of C + N less than 0.02% and the mass fraction of S + P not more than 0.02%. According to the preparation method of the improved iron-based damping alloy, metal raw materials are weighed according to the components and the component proportion of the improved iron-based damping alloy, a vacuum induction smelting furnace is adopted for smelting, and after casting, forging and rolling, the damping performance and the mechanical performance of the alloy are optimized by adopting a proper heat treatment system. According to the improved preparation method of the iron-based damping alloy, the heat treatment system is that the alloy is subjected to casting, forging and hot rolling, and then is subjected to heat preservation at 1080-1120 ℃ for 1 hour and then is cooled along with a furnace.
Example (b): in the improved iron-based damping alloy described in this embodiment, the components and mass fractions of the components in the alloy are: 12% of Cr, 0.9% of Mo, 1.0% of Ni, 1.1% of Al, 0.06% of Ti + Nb and the balance of Fe. The preparation method comprises the following steps: weighing industrial pure iron and high-purity metals Cr, Mo, Ni, Al, Ti and Nb with the mass fraction of 99.9 percent according to the alloy component ratio. The alloy is smelted by a vacuum induction smelting furnace, cast and forged, then hot-rolled into a plate, and then an annealing process of keeping the temperature of the alloy at 1100 ℃ for 1h and cooling the alloy along with the furnace is adopted. The structure of the alloy prepared is ferrite structure. The peak damping performance of the alloy after heat treatment was determined to be 0.041 using a dynamic mechanical analyzer, and the results are shown in FIG. 1 (the upper solid curve in FIG. 1). Through mechanical property detection, the impact absorption work 352J of the alloy U-shaped notch sample is obtained, the tensile strength is 417MPa, and the elongation is 33.6%.
Comparative example: a traditional Fe-Cr-Mo damping alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 15.5% of Cr, 2.5% of Mo and the balance of Fe. The preparation method of the alloy is the same as that of the embodiment, the alloy is smelted by a vacuum induction smelting furnace, and is cast, forged and hot-rolled into a plate, and then the alloy is cooled along with the furnace after heat preservation for 1h at 1100 ℃. The structure of the obtained alloy is a ferrite structure. The alloy after heat treatment had a peak damping performance of 0.015 as measured using a dynamic mechanical analyzer, and is shown in FIG. 1 (lower dashed curve in FIG. 1). Through mechanical property detection, the impact absorption work of the alloy U-shaped notch sample is 9J, the tensile strength is 384MPa, and the elongation is 22.5%.
The results of the above examples and comparative examples show that the invention adds a small amount of Al, Ni, Ti, Nb elements in the Fe-Cr-Mo-based damping alloy, and obviously improves the damping performance and mechanical property of the alloy through vacuum induction melting and reasonable forging, rolling process and heat treatment system. The damping performance of the example alloy is about 2.7 times that of the comparative example alloy, while the impact toughness of the example alloy is greatly improved compared to the comparative example alloy. The improved iron-based damping alloy disclosed by the invention has the advantages of higher damping performance, lower cost and better impact toughness, and is very suitable for being popularized and applied as a structural damping material.
It is pointed out here that the above description is helpful for the person skilled in the art to understand the invention, but does not limit the scope of protection of the invention. Any such equivalents, modifications and/or omissions as may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention may be resorted to.
Claims (10)
1. An improved iron-based damping alloy is characterized in that alloying elements of Ni, Al, Ti and Nb are added on the basis of the components of the Fe-Cr-Mo ternary system damping alloy.
2. An improved iron-based damping alloy as claimed in claim 1, wherein the sum of the wt% Cr and Mo amounts to 11.4 to 14.4, the sum of the wt% Ni, Al, Ti and Nb amounts to 1.03 to 3.1, and the balance Fe.
3. An improved iron-based damping alloy, characterized by comprising the following chemical elements and their wt% contents: 11 to 13 parts of Cr, 0.5 to 1.5 parts of Ni, 0.5 to 1.5 parts of Al, 0.4 to 1.4 parts of Mo, 0.03 to 0.1 parts of Ti + Nb, more than 0 part of Ti, more than 0 part of Nb, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
4. An improved iron-based damping alloy as claimed in claim 3, wherein said unavoidable impurities include carbon C, nitrogen N, sulfur S, and phosphorus P, in wt% C + N ≦ 0.02 and S + P ≦ 0.02.
5. The improved iron-based damping alloy as claimed in claim 3, wherein the iron-based damping alloy is a damping alloy profile with determined damping and mechanical properties prepared by smelting, casting, forging and roll forming and then heat treatment.
6. An improved iron-based damping alloy as claimed in claim 5, wherein said smelting is carried out in a vacuum induction smelting furnace.
7. The improved iron-based damping alloy according to claim 5, wherein the heat treatment is carried out at 1080-1120 ℃ for 1 hour and then is carried out with furnace cooling.
8. An improved iron-based damping alloy as claimed in claim 5, wherein the damping properties Q of the damping alloy profile are-1The peak value of (a) is 0.041, the impact absorption work of a U-shaped notch sample of the damping alloy section is 352J, the tensile strength is 417MPa, and the elongation is 33.6%.
9. The method comprises the following steps: smelting in a vacuum induction smelting furnace, casting, forging, rolling and forming, and then carrying out heat treatment to manufacture the damping alloy with determined damping performance and mechanical propertyThe damping alloy profile comprises the following chemical elements in percentage by weight: 11-13 parts of chromium Cr, 0.5-1.5 parts of nickel Ni, 0.5-1.5 parts of aluminum Al, 0.4-1.4 parts of molybdenum Mo, 0.03-0.1 parts of titanium Ti + niobium Nb, more than 0 part of Ti, more than 0 part of Nb, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities, wherein the inevitable impurities comprise carbon C, nitrogen N, sulfur S and phosphorus P, in percentage by weight, C + N is less than or equal to 0.02, S + P is less than or equal to 0.02, the heat treatment is carried out at the temperature of 1080-1120 ℃ for 1 hour, and then the damping performance Q of the damping alloy section is cooled along with a furnace, and the damping performance Q of the damping alloy section is improved-1The peak value of (a) is 0.041, the impact absorption work of a U-shaped notch sample of the damping alloy section is 352J, the tensile strength is 417MPa, and the elongation is 33.6%.
10. The method as claimed in claim 9, wherein the raw materials used for smelting the iron-based damping alloy in the vacuum induction smelting furnace include Fe, Cr, Mo, Ni, Al, Ti and Nb, the Fe is industrial pure iron, and the Cr, Mo, Ni, Al, Ti and Nb are high-purity metals with a purity of 99.9 wt%.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113637920A (en) * | 2021-08-19 | 2021-11-12 | 西南交通大学 | Multi-element Fe-Al-based damping alloy and preparation method thereof |
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