CN111138054A - Biological lysis treatment method for sludge - Google Patents
Biological lysis treatment method for sludge Download PDFInfo
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- CN111138054A CN111138054A CN202010021209.1A CN202010021209A CN111138054A CN 111138054 A CN111138054 A CN 111138054A CN 202010021209 A CN202010021209 A CN 202010021209A CN 111138054 A CN111138054 A CN 111138054A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/02—Biological treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
- C02F3/12—Activated sludge processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for rapidly dissolving the cell of sludge by utilizing thermophilic bacteria, the species of hydrolytic enzyme secreting and dissolving the sludge in the thermophilic microorganism population comprises bacteria of the genera Thermus, Geobacillus and thermophilic aerobe, the hydrolytic enzyme secreted by the thermophilic bacteria comprises protein hydrolytic enzyme, polysaccharide hydrolytic enzyme and peptidoglycan hydrolytic enzyme, and the floc structure of the sludge can be rapidly hydrolyzed. The specific operation method is that the sludge is used as a substrate, and the latent thermophilic bacteria in the sludge are recovered through long-time acclimation under the heating condition, so that the microbial preparation containing stable thermophilic bacteria groups is formed. The microbial preparation can treat biological sludge discharged from sewage treatment plants, chemical plants, food plants and the like, and can realize rapid dissolution of the sludge through the synergistic action of a plurality of hydrolases generated by thermophilic bacteria. The invention is used for dissolving the sludge, and has the advantages of simple device, small occupied area, simple operation and low energy consumption.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the biological treatment technology of sludge, and particularly relates to a biological lysis treatment method of sludge.
Background
The activated sludge process is a domestic sewage and organic industrial wastewater treatment process which is generally adopted at present, and has the main defect of generating a large amount of residual activated sludge. With the increase of population and the increasing attention on environmental protection, the sewage treatment capacity and treatment rate are continuously improved, and the amount of sludge generated along with the increase is increased day by day. The traditional sludge treatment technologies such as landfill and incineration are increasingly limited due to the defects of large land occupation, secondary pollution, high pretreatment cost and the like. Therefore, the treatment and disposal of sludge has become a big problem in the environmental field. Sludge in-situ reduction is an important means of disposing sludge from a source. The method is characterized in that on the premise of ensuring the sewage treatment effect, the sludge discharged outwards by the whole sewage treatment system is minimized by means of physical chemistry and biology. The research on the reduction of sludge has become one of the hot spots in the water treatment industry.
A method for reducing sludge by performing cell lysis treatment on return sludge has been devised, and the cell lysis sludge reduction technology of return sludge is realized by circulating return sludge into a mainstream bioreactor after the return sludge is treated and by the recessive growth of microorganisms. Physical, chemical or biological, or a combination thereof, is used to treat the cells to lyse or die and release intracellular and extracellular substances. Bacteria use the released material for cell growth and maintenance, thereby reducing sludge production.
Physical lysis techniques include mechanical treatments of sonication and high pressure homogenization, thermal treatments and electrical treatments to break down the cell walls of microorganisms in the sludge, but these methods have drawbacks in terms of rate, cost, operational complexity and lysis effects, which limit their application in industry.
In chemical treatment processes, ozone oxidation technology enables zero emission of sludge, but is associated with high operating costs. The lysis method using strong acid and strong base can achieve a considerable degree of dissolution of sludge, but it cannot be an ideal method for practical use in view of chemical costs and subsequent treatment of waste liquid and a problem that may bring safety to workers.
As a biological method, there has been proposed the use of a biological enzyme for decomposing solid organic components in sludge, which is very expensive in spite of mild operating conditions and thus is very difficult to apply on a large scale, and the operating conditions are severely restricted depending on the characteristics of various enzymes, making the operation complicated.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: aiming at the technical problems in the prior art, the invention provides a method for quickly dissolving organic solid matters in sludge, which is economical and safe and can be used on a large scale.
The technical scheme is as follows: the invention relates to a biological lysis treatment method of sludge, which comprises the following steps:
(1) domesticating the seed sludge: adding organic sludge to be treated into a thermophilic aerobic reactor, and domesticating to obtain domesticated seed sludge containing thermophilic microorganism populations;
(2) and (2) adding the domesticated seed sludge containing the thermophilic microorganism population obtained in the step (1) into the organic sludge to be treated, and dissolving the sludge through hydrolase generated by the thermophilic microorganism population.
Wherein in the step (1), the acclimatized sludge with the volume of 1/10-1/3 in the reactor is replaced by fresh sludge every 1-5 days to provide nutrition for the thermophilic bacteria.
In step (1), the population of thermophilic microorganisms includes one or more of the bacteria selected from the genera Thermus, Geobacillus, Thermoaerobium. Wherein the relative abundance of the Thermus is more than 20%, and more preferably more than 50%.
In the step (2), the addition amount of the domesticated seed sludge containing the thermophilic microorganism population is 1/20-1/3 of the volume of the sludge to be treated.
In step (2), the hydrolase produced by the population of thermophilic microorganisms includes a proteolytic enzyme, a polysaccharide hydrolase, a peptidoglycan hydrolase.
In the step (2), the treatment temperature is 55 to 90 ℃, preferably 70 to 90 ℃.
In the step (2), the sludge dissolution is carried out under normal pressure stirring.
The mixed liquid after domestication of the application contains the needed thermophilic microorganism population, the mixed liquid can be directly added, and the mixed liquid can be concentrated or subjected to freeze-drying treatment for use. Methods of concentration include centrifugation, membrane separation, gravity settling, and the like. The freeze-drying treatment only needs to adopt a conventional method.
Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the sludge is dissolved by adding the thermophilic microorganism population obtained by sludge domestication, the dissolving rate is high, in the sewage treatment process, after the sludge cell dissolving process, dissolved organic matters released by the dissolved sludge can flow back to the biochemical tank, a carbon source is provided for the sewage treatment process, water and gas are finally formed, the sludge is greatly reduced, and a large amount of carbon sources of a sewage treatment plant are saved. The method is economical and safe, and can be used in large scale.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows the results of measurement of the activity of the protease secreted by the thermophilic bacteria of the examples;
FIG. 2 is the change of VSS concentration with reaction time in example 2;
FIG. 3 SCOD as a function of reaction time for example 2;
FIG. 4 is a determination of the diversity of microorganisms in the thermophilic flora of example 3.
Detailed Description
The present application will be described in detail with reference to specific examples.
In the present invention, the sludge to be biologically treated may be excess sludge from a sewage treatment plant, or sludge discharged from a sewage treatment plant such as a food plant or a chemical plant.
In the biological treatment of these organic matter-containing sludges, the dissolution rate of the organic solid matter contained in the sludge can be increased by adding thermophilic bacteria capable of producing various hydrolases.
The hydrolase capable of lysing sludge means an enzyme capable of decomposing solid matter contained in sludge and converting it into soluble matter by reducing its molecular weight, and such enzymes include proteases, peptidases, aminopeptidases, carboxypeptidases, etc. which hydrolyze proteins, glycosidases which hydrolyze polysaccharides, and peptidoglycan hydrolases which hydrolyze cell walls.
In order to construct thermophilic bacterial flora capable of secreting sludge-dissolving enzyme, excess sludge from municipal sewage plants is used as a substrate, acclimatized at 55-90 deg.C to form thermophilic bacterial flora adapted to different temperature conditions, and fluorescent dye (such as fluorescent dye) is added
9 and PI) dyeing the sludge in the domestication system, and observing the recovery condition of the thermophilic bacteria under a fluorescence microscope.
In order to determine the hydrolase-producing activity of the thermophilic bacteria in the acclimatized sludge, trypsin is exemplified, and the enzyme activity can be measured using azocasein as a substrate, as shown in example 1. Because the proportion of protein in the sludge is large, the proteolytic enzyme plays an important role in dissolving the sludge.
The composition and function of the microorganisms in the thermophilic flora are determined by a molecular biological method. Species composition analysis of thermophilic flora by 16s RNA amplicon sequencing, species secreting sludge-solubilising hydrolases in the thermophilic microbial population include bacteria of the genera Thermus (Thermus), Geobacillus (Geobacillus), Thermoaerobacter (Thermaerobacter).
The amount of the thermophilic bacteria to be added is suitably selected depending on the enzyme-producing ability and the content of organic solid matter in the sludge. For example, 5% of the thermophilic bacteria obtained by acclimatization at 75 ℃ are added to dissolve the excess sludge.
The thermophilic flora can be directly added into the domesticated mixed solution, and can also be concentrated or freeze-dried. Methods of concentration include centrifugation, membrane separation, gravity settling, and the like. The freeze-drying treatment only needs to adopt a conventional method.
In the invention, the thermophilic bacteria group can maintain higher sludge dissolution effect in a continuous or sequential process, and the thermophilic bacteria group does not need to be continuously added generally. When the organic matter content in the sludge is too low, batch dissolution can be adopted, and thermophilic flora can be properly added.
The sludge dissolution temperature is 55-90 ℃, and different temperatures correspond to different thermophilic floras. Preferably 70-80 ℃, under the temperature condition, the species diversity is reduced, the growth of thermophilic bacteria which do not secrete hydrolytic enzyme is also unfavorable, and the conversion of dissolved organic matters to biosolids is reduced. And has a faster sludge dissolution rate under this temperature condition.
The dissolution time is preferably 1 to 96 hours.
The sludge dissolving process may be performed under normal pressure, and preferably, heating is performed under stirring conditions so that the entire mixed solution has a uniform temperature. The stirring can be carried out by a conventional stirring apparatus.
When aerobic dissolution is performed, oxygen can be appropriately supplied through the aeration device.
In the sewage treatment process, after the sludge lysis process, the dissolved sludge can flow back to the main flow reactor to be further oxidized by microorganisms, and finally water and gas are formed. Soluble organic matters released after the sludge is dissolved can flow back to the denitrification tank, so that a carbon source is provided for the denitrification process, and the denitrification process is enhanced.
Example 1
Domestication of seed mud
The sludge for acclimatization is residual sludge from a sewage plant operated by an A/O process, wherein the Total Suspended Solids (TSS) in the sludge is 10147 +/-210 mg/L, and the Volatile Suspended Solids (VSS) in the sludge is 7416 +/-170 mg/L. A laboratory scale thermophilic aerobic reactor (R) is provided under three temperature conditions55：55℃；R65：65℃；R75: 75 ℃ C.), the reactor was combined with a heat-collecting magnetic stirrer (150rpm), and the volume of each reactor was 1L. Sieving the sludge to remove substances with the diameter of more than 1mm, and adding the sludge into a reactor to serve as a domestication stage of the seed sludge. The acclimated sludge volume of 1/5 in the reactor was replaced with fresh sludge every 3 days to provide nutrients for the thermophilic bacteria for 15 days.
The protein is the main component in the sludge, the hydrolysis of the protein is an important part of the sludge dissolving process, and the secretion of the thermolysin is detected by using a method for measuring the enzyme activity by using the azocasein. Using azocasein solution (1.25% [ wt/vol ]]In PBS buffer [ pH7.2 ]]Medium) as a substrate. At a selected temperature (R)55：55℃；R65：65℃；R75: after incubation with enzyme solution at 75 ℃ for 20 minutes, trichloroacetic acid was added immediately to quench the reaction (4%, vol/vol). The mixture was cooled on ice for 10 minutes and centrifuged in a bench top centrifuge (4 ℃, 10 minutes, 14,000 × g). NaOH was then added to the supernatant to a final concentration of 0.4M and the absorbance was measured at 440nm using a UV/VIS spectrophotometer. One unit of enzyme activity is defined asThe A440 value of the assay reaction mixture was increased by 0.1 enzyme amount within 1 minute. After 15 days of acclimation, the average values of the protease activities reach 1802U/L, 2702U/L and 3684U/L respectively (figure 1). Thermophilic bacteria exist in the sludge in a spore form at normal temperature, and are recovered to form nutritional cells under a proper environmental condition, and metabolic activity is completed by utilizing soluble organic matters in the sludge.
Example 2
Sludge dissolution test
The analysis experiment of the thermophilic bacteria colony formed under the three temperature conditions on the sludge dissolution performance is as follows.
5% of the seed sludge containing the thermophilic bacteria acclimatized in example 1 was inoculated into a sludge lysis reactor to perform a sludge lysis experiment, and three reactors without thermophilic bacteria were used as a control group, the control group and the experimental group were operated at the same temperature and under the same operation conditions as in the acclimatization stage. Samples were taken at different time points during the operation of the reactor, the liquid level in the reactor was recorded before and after sampling, and the evaporated water was replenished with distilled water. The concentration of VSS in the solution was measured at various time points according to standard methods. The method for measuring the Soluble COD (SCOD) in the sludge slurry comprises the following steps: the sludge was centrifuged to obtain a supernatant, which was then filtered through a 0.45 μm filter and the SCOD concentration in the supernatant was measured by the potassium dichromate method. As can be seen from fig. 2, the reactor containing the seeded sludge had a significantly lower concentration of VSS than the control without the seeded sludge, especially within 2 hours. Sludge dissolution reactor R for inoculating thermophilic flora under three temperature conditions after dissolution reaction is carried out for 2 hours55，R65And R75The medium VSS dissolution rates respectively reach 34.36%, 46.58% and 53.98%, while the control groups respectively reach 7.10%, 10.65% and 17.00%, and the test groups respectively improve 27.26%, 35.93% and 36.98% of the VSS dissolution rates of the control groups; after the dissolution reaction is carried out for 20 hours, the VSS dissolution rates of the sludge dissolution reactors inoculated with thermophilic floras reach 42.19%, 54.30% and 60.44% respectively, while the VSS dissolution rates of the control groups are 11.50%, 14.97% and 20.45% respectively, and the VSS dissolution rates of the experimental groups are improved by 30.69%, 39.33% and 39.99% respectively; after the dissolution reaction is carried out for 40 hours, the VSS dissolution rate of the sludge dissolution reactor inoculated with the thermophilic flora respectively reaches 58.13 percent67.26% and 72.71%, while the control group was 15.43%, 16.66% and 23.16%, respectively, and the experimental group showed an increase in the VSS dissolution rate of 42.70%, 50.60% and 48.55%, respectively, over the control group. R55，R65And R75Thermophilic enzymes secreted by the moderately thermophilic flora play a role in strengthening the dissolution of the sludge, and on the contrary, the sludge is difficult to rapidly dissolve in a short time under the simple thermodynamic action.
In the initial state, most of the organic matter in the sludge exists in a solid state. The concentration of SCOD in the solution after sludge filtration was 46.35 mg/L. Dissolving sludge under the action of hydrolase secreted by thermophilic bacteria, changing solid organic matter into dissolved state, adding into solution, filtering to obtain solution with SCOD concentration rapidly increased, and sludge dissolving reactor R operating at 55 deg.C55The SCOD concentration of the medium solution reaches a maximum value of 1362mg/L which is 29.38 times of the initial value within 1.25 hours; sludge dissolution reactor R operating at 65 DEG C65The SCOD concentration of the medium solution reaches the maximum value of 1640.25mg/L which is 35.39 times of the initial value within 1.5 hours; sludge dissolution reactor R operating at 75 DEG C75The SCOD concentration of the medium solution reached a maximum of 2786.65mg/L, which was 60.12 times the initial value, at 1.75 hours. The SCOD concentration in each reactor reached the maximum and showed a downward trend, indicating that the thermophilic bacteria could utilize the dissolved organic material to perform their own growth metabolism (FIG. 3).
Example 3
Microbial population structure and function
The thermophilic colonies were evaluated in all reactors using Illumina amplicon sequencing. Sludge samples were collected from three acclimation reactors operated for 15 days, and DNA samples were extracted from the sludge using Fast DNA Spin Kit for soil (MP Biomedicals, LLC, USA). The DNA concentration was then measured using a NanoDrop (ND-1000, DE, USA). Bacterial 16S rRNA genes were PCR amplified using forward 515F and reverse 806R primers. And pyrosequencing on the Illumina HiSeq platform.
605480 cleartags were co-generated for 9 samples (three biological replicates) by Illumina HiSeq sequencing, and after removal of the chimera sequence, effective tags were clustered into 97% similarity taxonomic operating units (OTUs), Thermus (Thermus) in the phylum deinococcus (Deinococcas-Thermus) as the dominant species in R55, R65 and R75 at 73.52%, 75.35% and 90.86% relative abundance, respectively. Also included are Geobacillus (Geobacillus) and Thermoaerobacter (Thermalobacter) of the phylum Firmicutes (Firmicutes), as well as some bacterial genera not classified (FIG. 4).
The results of 16S rRNA gene sequencing were mapped into a genome database using bioinformatics methods, and the functional gene composition in the samples was inferred to analyze the enzymatic functions of the thermophilic bacterial population, the results are shown in Table 1. the enzymes involved in protein hydrolysis include the metallopeptidase MepB which hydrolyzes proteins and polypeptides, the aminopeptidase family M1 which hydrolyzes polypeptides from the N-terminus, pyroglutamylpeptidase and acylpeptide hydrolase, and the carboxypeptidase Taq which hydrolyzes polypeptides from the C-terminus, in addition to protein-disulfide reductase which destroys the protein spatial structure by reducing disulfide bonds, where the metallopeptidase MepB is most abundant in each sample. the enzymes involved in polysaccharide hydrolysis are mainly endo-hydrolytic endoglucanases which catalyze the endo-hydrolytic endoglucanase of (1- >4) - β -D-glycosidic bonds in lichenin and cereal β -D-glucans and endo-glucanases which hydrolyze the terminal non-reduced (1- >4) linked α -D-glucose residues, and release α -D-glucose neutral α -glucosidase and also the N-muramidase structure which hydrolyzes the N-alanyl-L-glucosaccharase structure.
TABLE 1
Claims (9)
1. A method for biological lysis treatment of sludge, comprising the steps of:
(1) domesticating the seed sludge: adding organic sludge to be treated into a thermophilic aerobic reactor, and domesticating to obtain domesticated seed sludge containing thermophilic microorganism populations;
(2) and (2) adding the domesticated seed sludge containing the thermophilic microorganism population obtained in the step (1) into the organic sludge to be treated, and dissolving the sludge through hydrolase generated by the thermophilic microorganism population.
2. The process for biolysis processing of sludge as claimed in claim 1 wherein in step (1) the volume of acclimated sludge 1/10-1/3 in the reactor is replaced with fresh sludge every 1-5 days to provide nutrients for thermophilic bacteria.
3. The method for biolytic treatment of sludge as set forth in claim 1, wherein in step (1), said population of thermophilic microorganisms comprises one or more bacteria selected from the group consisting of the genera Thermus, Geobacillus, Thermoaerobium.
4. The method for biologically lysing sludge according to claim 3, wherein said Thermus species has a relative abundance of 20% or more.
5. The method for biologically lysing sludge according to claim 4, wherein said Thermus species has a relative abundance of 50% or more.
6. The method for biolysis processing of sludge as claimed in claim 1 wherein in step (2) said acclimated seed sludge containing a population of thermophilic microorganisms is added in an amount 1/20-1/3% of the volume of sludge to be treated.
7. The method for biolytic treatment of sludge as set forth in claim 1, wherein in step (2), said hydrolytic enzymes produced by said population of thermophilic microorganisms comprise protein hydrolytic enzymes, polysaccharide hydrolytic enzymes, and peptidoglycan hydrolytic enzymes.
8. The method for biologically lysing sludge according to claim 1, wherein the treatment temperature in step (2) is 55 to 90 ℃.
9. The method for biologically lysing sludge according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), said sludge dissolution is carried out under normal pressure agitation.
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| CN113233727A (en) * | 2021-05-20 | 2021-08-10 | 广州大学 | Method for enhancing rapid cell lysis of excess sludge by using compound biological enzyme |
| CN113528374A (en) * | 2021-06-04 | 2021-10-22 | 东南大学 | Cell-dissolving strain, sludge reduction treatment agent and application thereof |
| CN113549568A (en) * | 2021-06-04 | 2021-10-26 | 东南大学 | Cell-lysing strain, microbial inoculum for sludge reduction and application thereof |
| CN113549569A (en) * | 2021-06-04 | 2021-10-26 | 东南大学 | Cell-lysing strain, microbial agent and application thereof |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113233727A (en) * | 2021-05-20 | 2021-08-10 | 广州大学 | Method for enhancing rapid cell lysis of excess sludge by using compound biological enzyme |
| CN113528374A (en) * | 2021-06-04 | 2021-10-22 | 东南大学 | Cell-dissolving strain, sludge reduction treatment agent and application thereof |
| CN113549568A (en) * | 2021-06-04 | 2021-10-26 | 东南大学 | Cell-lysing strain, microbial inoculum for sludge reduction and application thereof |
| CN113549569A (en) * | 2021-06-04 | 2021-10-26 | 东南大学 | Cell-lysing strain, microbial agent and application thereof |
| CN113549568B (en) * | 2021-06-04 | 2024-02-23 | 东南大学 | Lysis strain, microbial inoculum for sludge reduction and application of microbial inoculum |
| CN113549569B (en) * | 2021-06-04 | 2024-04-19 | 东南大学 | Lysis strain, microbial agent and application thereof |
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