CN111138018A - Emulsion treatment method and system - Google Patents
Emulsion treatment method and system Download PDFInfo
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- CN111138018A CN111138018A CN202010060727.4A CN202010060727A CN111138018A CN 111138018 A CN111138018 A CN 111138018A CN 202010060727 A CN202010060727 A CN 202010060727A CN 111138018 A CN111138018 A CN 111138018A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/40—Devices for separating or removing fatty or oily substances or similar floating material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
- C02F1/46104—Devices therefor; Their operating or servicing
- C02F1/46176—Galvanic cells
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/54—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using organic material
- C02F1/56—Macromolecular compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/58—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by removing specified dissolved compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/66—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by neutralisation; pH adjustment
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/30—Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies
- Y02W10/37—Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies using solar energy
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for treating emulsion, which comprises the following steps: a. demulsifying: heating and stirring the emulsion, and adding a demulsifier into the emulsion to separate oil from water in the emulsion; b. deoiling: removing floating oil floating on the liquid surface of the emulsion; c. electrolyzing iron and carbon; d. flocculation pretreatment: adding metal ions into the waste liquid to increase the concentration of the metal ions in the waste liquid; e. and (3) precipitation: adding hydroxide base into the waste liquid and stirring to form metal hydroxide precipitate which is insoluble in water in the waste liquid; f. flocculation: adding PAM into the waste liquid to enable the metal hydroxide and the PAM to be connected to form thick floccule; g. filtering; the wastewater passes through a filter to filter floccules in the wastewater, so that metal ions in the wastewater are removed. The method has the advantages of simple process, capability of removing metal ions and reduction of environmental pollution.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wastewater treatment, in particular to a treatment method and a treatment system for emulsion.
Background
China is a country with water resource shortage and is listed as one of 13 water-poor countries by the united nations; meanwhile, the water area of China is always under the pressure of water pollution, wherein industrial wastewater is an important pollution source of the water area. The emulsion mainly comprises 2-10% of mineral oil, anionic or nonionic emulsifiers, additives (chlorine, sulfur, phosphorus and the like) and water, has the effects of cooling, lubricating, cleaning, rust prevention and the like, and is discharged after the processes of cold rolling, broaching, reaming, polishing, flattening, cutting and the like, so that the quality of the emulsion is changed. The waste emulsion is used as industrial wastewater, has wide source distribution, and is mainly generated in the machining industry, particularly in the cutting and grinding processes of bearing and automobile accessory processing enterprises. With the rapid development of the industry, the discharge amount of the oily wastewater is greatly increased day by day. Oil substances in the waste emulsion float on the water surface to form an oil film, so that oxygen in the air is prevented from dissolving in the water, aquatic organisms are killed due to oxygen deficiency, and finally the water body is deteriorated to pollute the environment. Besides the harm of common oily wastewater, the waste emulsion has the advantages that the mechanical oil is highly dispersed in water due to the action of the surfactant, animals, plants and aquatic organisms can absorb the waste emulsion more easily, the surfactant is harmful to the organisms, and some water-insoluble toxic substances can be dissolved and finally enter human bodies through different ways, so that the health of the human bodies is seriously harmed. In addition, the emulsion waste liquid usually contains metal ions because the emulsion waste liquid is used in metal cutting processing, so that the emulsion waste liquid has high toxicity and pollutes the environment.
The existing waste emulsion disposal methods comprise a sedimentation method, an incineration method, an air floatation method and the like, wherein the sedimentation method is mainly characterized in that oil and water are simply separated by adding a demulsifier to obtain upper-layer floating oil, and the process is simple. For example, patent of invention with publication number CN101792239B discloses a method for treating waste emulsion, comprising the following steps: storage demulsification separation, mechanical air flotation, iron-carbon electrolysis, coagulation sedimentation, inclined plate oil separation, microbial purification, sedimentation, sand filtration and the like; the invention has simple process and the wastewater reaches the standard.
However, the above technical solutions have the following drawbacks: the treatment method lacks a removal means for metal ions, so that the emulsion still contains a lot of metal ions after being treated, and the environment is polluted. In addition, the equipment used in the existing sedimentation method mainly adopts a mode of adding a demulsifier to separate oil from water in the emulsion, so that the reaction time is longer.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a method for treating emulsion, which has the advantages of simple process, metal ion removal effect and environmental pollution reduction.
The above object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
a method for treating emulsion comprises the following steps:
a. demulsifying: heating and stirring the emulsion, and adding a demulsifier into the emulsion to separate oil from water in the emulsion;
b. deoiling: removing floating oil floating on the liquid surface of the emulsion;
c. iron-carbon electrolysis: the waste liquid enters an iron-carbon electrolysis unit, the pH value of the waste liquid is adjusted to 5, electrolysis is carried out for 28min at normal temperature, organic pollutants in the waste liquid are activated by using electrode reaction products and are converted into non-toxic substances, and the COD value and the oil content of the waste liquid are reduced;
d. flocculation pretreatment: adding metal ions into the waste liquid to increase the concentration of the metal ions in the waste liquid;
e. and (3) precipitation: adding hydroxide base into the waste liquid and stirring to form metal hydroxide precipitate which is insoluble in water in the waste liquid;
f. flocculation: adding PAM into the waste liquid to enable the metal hydroxide and the PAM to be connected to form thick floccule;
g. filtering; the wastewater passes through a filter to filter floccules in the wastewater, so that metal ions in the wastewater are removed.
By adopting the technical scheme, the floating oil in the emulsion is removed in the step a and the step b, then in the step d, the metal ions in the waste liquid are increased to form enough metal hydroxide precipitates in the step e, then in the step f, PAM is added to connect the metal hydroxide and the PAM to form a coarse floccule, so that the metal ions in the waste liquid are separated out, and finally, the metal ions in the waste liquid are removed through filtration; in the process, the treatment method of the emulsion not only removes the floating oil in the emulsion, but also removes the metal ions in the emulsion, thereby reducing the pollution to the environment.
The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the demulsifier in the step a is FeCl2, in the step d, FeCl2 is added, and the hydroxide base in the step e is NaOH.
By adopting the technical scheme, the metal ions added in each step of the treatment method are consistent.
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention also aims to provide a treatment system for the emulsion, which has the effect of high emulsion breaking efficiency.
The above object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
a treatment system of emulsion comprises a demulsification kettle, an oil removal tank, an iron-carbon electrolysis unit for electrolyzing waste liquid, a reaction tank for flocculation pretreatment, a flocculation tank and a filter for filtering floccules in the waste liquid, wherein the demulsification kettle, the flocculation tank and the filter are sequentially communicated; a spiral heating pipe is also arranged in the demulsification kettle, and the spiral axis of the spiral heating pipe is superposed with the axis of the demulsification kettle; the spiral heating pipe is embedded in the side wall of the demulsification kettle, and two ends of the spiral heating pipe penetrate out of the demulsification kettle and are connected into circularly flowing heat conduction oil; and a discharge pipe convenient for adding a demulsifier into the demulsification kettle is fixed at the top of the demulsification kettle.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when the emulsion got into the breakdown of emulsion cauldron in, the demulsifier got into the breakdown of emulsion cauldron through lower pencil, then driving motor started for the emulsion in the (mixing) shaft stirring breakdown of emulsion cauldron, meanwhile, the conduction oil that inserts the circulation and flow in the spiral heating tube, make the temperature rise in the breakdown of emulsion cauldron, heated the emulsion, make emulsion and demulsifier intensive mixing, aggravated the fluid separation rate in the emulsion, thereby promoted breakdown of emulsion efficiency.
The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the top of the oil removal tank is provided with a booster pump for pumping air towards the inside of the oil removal tank and a pneumatic valve for opening and closing the oil removal tank, and the outer side wall of the oil removal tank is provided with a balance box and an oil removal box respectively; a communicating pipe is connected between the bottom surface of the balancing box and the outer side wall of the oil removal box, a first electromagnetic valve is fixedly mounted on the communicating pipe, and the balancing box is filled with air; an oil outlet communicated with the oil removing box is formed in the inner side wall, close to the oil removing box, of the oil removing box, an oil outlet pipe is arranged in the oil removing box, an oil removing opening at one end of the oil outlet pipe is fixed and communicated, the other end of the oil outlet pipe is arranged in the oil removing box, and a second electromagnetic valve is fixedly mounted on the oil outlet pipe; an oil discharge pipe communicated with the inside of the oil removal box is fixed at the bottom of the oil removal box, and a third electromagnetic valve is fixedly mounted on the oil discharge pipe; and a vacuum pump for pumping air in the oil removing box is fixed at the top of the oil removing box.
By adopting the technical scheme, when the waste liquid after demulsification in the demulsification kettle enters the oil removing tank, the liquid level of the waste liquid does not have an oil port, after the waste liquid is static, oil in the waste liquid floats on the liquid level of the waste liquid to form floating oil, then the booster pump is started, the air pressure valve is closed, the air pressure in the oil removing tank is increased, so that the liquid level of the waste liquid is reduced, meanwhile, the first electromagnetic valve is opened, part of the waste liquid without oil enters the balance tank through the communicating pipe, so that the air in the balance tank is compressed and balanced with the air pressure in the oil removing tank, the liquid level of the waste liquid is flush with the inner bottom surface of the oil removing tank, then the vacuum pump is started, so that a negative pressure is formed in the oil removing tank, then the second electromagnetic valve is started, so that the oil removing tank is communicated with the oil removing tank through the oil port, a great pressure difference, meanwhile, because the existence of above-mentioned air current, the atmospheric pressure in the deoiling case has been reduced, make the liquid level of the atmospheric pressure oppression waste liquid in the balancing box be higher than the interior bottom surface of deoiling mouth, thereby make the floating oil that floats on the waste liquid level flow to the deoiling box along with the air current, at last when deoiling box and the atmospheric pressure in the deoiling case are balanced, the third solenoid valve opens, make the floating oil in the deoiling box discharge, thereby separated the floating oil in the waste liquid, compare with the mode of current scraper blade and oil absorption material absorption floating oil, deoiling is efficient, the oil mass is removed in the control of being convenient for, be applicable to the process of deoiling of emulsion.
The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the surge tank set up in deoiling mouthful upside, just communicating pipe with the intercommunication mouth that goes the oil tank sets up in deoiling mouthful downside.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the surge tank sets up in the mouth upside of deoiling, is favorable to preventing that oil slick from getting into in the surge tank, and communicating pipe sets up in the mouth downside of deoiling with the intercommunication mouth that removes the oil tank to when making the booster pump start, partial waste liquid below the waste liquid level passes through communicating pipe and gets into the surge tank in, has prevented the entering of oil slick, thereby prevents that oil slick from getting into the surge tank and can't be got rid of, and the deoiling is thorough.
The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the oil removing box is internally fixed with a partition plate which is horizontally arranged, the oil outlet pipe is far away from one end of the oil removing opening vertically penetrates through the partition plate and extends to the lower side of the partition plate, and the partition plate is provided with a vent hole.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the oil slick through the mouth that deoils passes through the oil pipe and gets into in the deoiling box and be located the division board downside, is favorable to preventing to get into the intercommunication mouth that the oil slick in the deoiling box blockked up vacuum pump and deoiling box.
The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: go the oil tank inner top surface and be fixed with the level sensor who is used for detecting the interior waste liquid water level of going the oil tank, the oil tank top of deoiling be fixed with the controller that the level sensor electricity is connected, just the controller with the booster pump the vacuum pump first solenoid valve the second solenoid valve the equal electricity of third solenoid valve is connected.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when the emulsion after the breakdown of emulsion gets into to go in the oil tank, level sensor detects the liquid level height in going the oil tank, and the controller of being convenient for controls opening of booster pump, vacuum pump, first solenoid valve, second solenoid valve and third solenoid valve.
The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: an air pressure monitoring hole is formed in the inner side wall, provided with the oil removing port, of the oil removing tank, an elastic membrane is fixed in the air pressure monitoring hole, a detection block is fixed on the surface, close to the air pressure monitoring hole, of the elastic membrane, a distance sensor for detecting the position of the detection block is fixed in the air pressure monitoring hole, and the distance sensor is electrically connected with the controller; an accommodating tank is arranged on the outer side wall of the oil removing tank close to the oil removing port, and an electric cylinder is fixedly arranged in the accommodating tank; an elastic block and an adjusting plate are arranged in the oil removing opening, the bottom surface of the elastic block is fixed with the inner bottom surface of the oil removing opening, and the elastic block is respectively abutted against the inner side walls of two sides of the oil removing opening; the regulating plate respectively with the cooperation of sliding of the both sides inside wall of going the hydraulic fluid port, the regulating plate bottom surface with elastic block upper surface is fixed, just the piston rod tip of electronic jar is vertical to be passed in proper order top surface in the holding tank deoiling the internal bottom surface elastic block and with the regulating plate bottom surface is fixed.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when getting into the emulsion that goes in the oil tank when more, the booster pump goes into more air, make the atmospheric pressure that goes in the oil tank bigger than normal operating mode, so that the liquid level that goes in the oil tank reduces to the height that flushes with the interior bottom surface of deoiling mouth, at this moment, because the atmospheric pressure that goes in the oil tank is great, the downthehole elastic membrane of atmospheric pressure monitoring is towards the downthehole deformation that has bloated of atmospheric pressure monitoring, distance sensor detects the distance that detects the piece this moment and is close to and send signal to controller, controller send signal to electronic jar, make the piston rod tip of electronic pole rise, thereby make the regulating plate shift up, the elastic block warp up simultaneously herein, equivalent to having increased the interior bottom surface of deoiling mouth, prevent that oil slick downside waste liquid water from getting into in the deoiling box along with the oil slick, make the oil slick purity of detaching higher.
In summary, the invention includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:
removing floating oil in the emulsion in the step a and the step b, increasing metal ions in the waste liquid in the step d to form enough metal hydroxide precipitates in the step e, adding PAM in the step f to enable the metal hydroxide and the PAM to be connected to form thick floccules, separating out the metal ions in the waste liquid, and finally removing the metal ions in the waste liquid through filtration; in the process, the treatment method of the emulsion not only removes the floating oil in the emulsion, but also removes the metal ions in the emulsion, thereby reducing the pollution to the environment;
when the emulsion enters the emulsion breaking kettle, the emulsion breaker enters the emulsion breaking kettle through the medicine feeding pipe, then the driving motor is started, the stirring shaft is enabled to stir the emulsion in the emulsion breaking kettle, meanwhile, the circularly flowing heat conduction oil is connected into the spiral heating pipe, so that the temperature in the emulsion breaking kettle is raised, the emulsion is heated, the emulsion is fully mixed with the emulsion breaker, the oil-liquid separation rate in the emulsion is increased, and the emulsion breaking efficiency is improved;
when the waste liquid after demulsification in the demulsification kettle enters the oil removing tank, the liquid level of the waste liquid does not have an oil port, after the waste liquid is static, oil in the waste liquid floats on the liquid level of the waste liquid to form floating oil, then the booster pump is started, the air pressure valve is closed to increase the air pressure in the oil removing tank, so that the liquid level of the waste liquid is lowered, meanwhile, the first electromagnetic valve is opened, part of the waste liquid without oil enters the balance tank through the communicating pipe, so that the air in the balance tank is compressed and balanced with the air pressure in the oil removing tank, so that the liquid level of the waste liquid is flush with the inner bottom surface of the oil removing tank, then the vacuum pump is started, so that negative pressure is formed in the oil removing box, then the second electromagnetic valve is started, so that the oil removing box is communicated with the oil removing tank through the oil port, a great pressure difference is formed, so that air flow from the oil, reduced the atmospheric pressure in the deoiling case, make the liquid level of the atmospheric pressure oppression waste liquid in the balance box be higher than the interior bottom surface of deoiling mouth, thereby make and float the oil slick on the waste liquid level to the deoiling box along with the air current flows, at last when the oil removal box is balanced with the atmospheric pressure in the deoiling case, the third solenoid valve opens, make the oil slick discharge in the deoiling box, thereby separated the oil slick in the waste liquid, compare with the mode of current scraper blade and oil absorption material absorption oil slick, deoiling is efficient, the oil mass is removed in the control of being convenient for, be applicable to the process of deoiling of emulsion.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of the steps of a process for treating an emulsion.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the composition of an emulsion treatment system.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the demulsification kettle.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the de-oiling tank.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the oil removal box.
Reference numerals: 1. a demulsification kettle; 11. a first feed tube; 12. a first discharge pipe; 13. a drive motor; 14. a stirring shaft; 15. a medicine feeding pipe; 16. a spiral heating pipe; 2. removing an oil tank; 21. a second feed tube; 211. a fourth solenoid valve; 22. a second discharge pipe; 221. a fifth solenoid valve; 23. a booster pump; 24. a pneumatic valve; 25. a water level sensor; 26. a controller; 27. a balancing box; 271. a communicating pipe; 272. a first solenoid valve; 28. an oil removal box; 281. a vacuum pump; 282. an oil outlet pipe; 283. a partition plate; 284. a second solenoid valve; 285. an oil discharge pipe; 286. a third electromagnetic valve; 3. an air pressure monitoring hole; 31. an elastic film; 32. a detection block; 33. a distance sensor; 4. removing the oil port; 41. an adjusting plate; 42. an elastic block; 5. accommodating grooves; 51. an electric cylinder.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, the method for processing emulsion disclosed by the invention comprises the following steps:
a. demulsifying: heating and stirring the emulsion, and adding a demulsifier of FeCl2 solution into the emulsion to separate oil from water in the emulsion;
b. deoiling: removing floating oil floating on the liquid surface of the emulsion;
c. iron-carbon electrolysis: the waste liquid enters an iron-carbon electrolysis unit, the pH value of the waste liquid is adjusted to 5, electrolysis is carried out for 28min at normal temperature, organic pollutants in the waste liquid are activated by using electrode reaction products and are converted into non-toxic substances, and the COD value and the oil content of the waste liquid are reduced;
d. flocculation pretreatment: adding FeCl2 solution into the waste liquid to increase the concentration of metal ions in the waste liquid;
e. and (3) precipitation: adding NaOH solution into the waste liquid and stirring to form metal hydroxide precipitate which is insoluble in water in the waste liquid;
f. flocculation: adding PAM into the waste liquid to enable the metal hydroxide and the PAM to be connected to form thick floccule;
g. filtering; the wastewater passes through a filter to filter floccules in the wastewater, so that metal ions in the wastewater are removed.
The implementation principle of the embodiment is as follows: removing floating oil in the emulsion in the step a and the step b, increasing metal ions in the waste liquid in the step d to form enough metal hydroxide precipitates in the step e, adding PAM in the step f to enable the metal hydroxide and the PAM to be connected to form thick floccules, separating out the metal ions in the waste liquid, and finally removing the metal ions in the waste liquid through filtration; in the process, the treatment method of the emulsion not only removes the floating oil in the emulsion, but also removes the metal ions in the emulsion, and in addition, the metal ions added into the emulsion are single in type, so that the subsequent treatment of the waste liquid is facilitated, and the pollution to the environment is reduced.
Referring to fig. 2, a processing system of emulsion, including breakdown of emulsion cauldron 1, deoiling case 2, iron carbon electrolysis unit, the reaction tank, flocculation basin and filter, combine and show in fig. 3, breakdown of emulsion cauldron 1 is cylindrical inside hollow structure, its axis is vertical, and be equipped with first inlet pipe 11 on breakdown of emulsion cauldron 1, first discharging pipe 12, driving motor 13, the (mixing) shaft 14, lower pencil 15 and spiral heating pipe 16, first inlet pipe 11 is the pipe form, its axis level sets up in breakdown of emulsion cauldron 1 top, and first feed roller one end is fixed and with breakdown of emulsion cauldron 1 inside intercommunication with breakdown of emulsion cauldron 1 lateral wall, be used for in leading-in breakdown of emulsion cauldron 1 with the emulsion. The first discharging pipe 12 is in a circular pipe shape, the axis of the first discharging pipe is horizontal and is arranged at the bottom of the demulsification kettle 1, and one end of the first discharging pipe 12 is fixed with the outer side wall of the demulsification kettle 1 and is communicated with the inside of the demulsification kettle 1. The driving motor 13 is arranged at the top of the demulsification kettle 1 and fixed with the upper surface of the demulsification kettle 1, the stirring shaft 14 is of a cylindrical structure, the axis of the stirring shaft coincides with the axis of the demulsification kettle 1, the stirring shaft 14 is arranged in the demulsification kettle 1, and the upper end of the stirring shaft 14 is rotatably connected with the inner top surface of the demulsification kettle 1 and fixed with the output shaft of the driving motor 13. The stirring shaft 14 is provided with a stirring frame, the stirring frame is U-shaped, the cross section of the stirring frame is circular, and two ends of the stirring frame are fixed with the side wall of the stirring shaft 14. The lower end of the lower medicine tube 15 is fixed with the upper surface of the demulsification kettle 1 and communicated with the inside of the demulsification kettle 1, and is used for guiding the demulsifier to enter the demulsification kettle 1. The spiral heating pipe 16 is spiral and hollow, and the spiral heating pipe 16 is made of copper and bent from a round pipe. Spiral heating pipe 16 buries underground in demulsification kettle 1's lateral wall, and spiral heating pipe 16's axis coincides with demulsification kettle 1's axis, and demulsification kettle 1 upper surface is worn out to spiral heating pipe 16's upper end, and demulsification kettle 1 bottom surface is worn out to spiral heating pipe 16's lower extreme, and in addition, the circulation conduction oil that is heated is inserted at spiral heating pipe 16 both ends. When the emulsion passes through in first inlet pipe 11 gets into emulsion breaking cauldron 1, the demulsifier passes through in the injection pipe 15 gets into emulsion breaking cauldron 1, then driving motor 13 starts, make the emulsion in (mixing) shaft 14 stirring emulsion breaking cauldron 1, thereby make demulsifier and emulsion intensive mixing, meanwhile, the conduction oil that inserts the circulation flow in the spiral heating pipe 16, make the temperature rise in the emulsion breaking cauldron 1, the emulsion has been heated, make emulsion and demulsifier intensive mixing, the fluid separation rate in the emulsion has been aggravated, thereby emulsion breaking efficiency has been promoted.
Referring to fig. 4, the degreasing tank 2 has a rectangular box-shaped structure, and the inside of the degreasing tank 2 is hollow, and the degreasing tank 2 is provided with a second feeding pipe 21, a second discharging pipe 22, a booster pump 23, a pneumatic valve 24, a water level sensor 25, a controller 26, a balancing tank 27, and a degreasing box 28. The second feed pipe 21 and the second discharge pipe 22 are both in a circular tube shape, the axis of the second feed pipe 21 is horizontal and is arranged at the bottom of the oil removing box 2, one end of the second feed pipe 21 is communicated with the outer side wall of the oil removing box 2 and the inside of the oil removing box 2, and the other end of the second feed pipe is communicated with the first discharge pipe 12 of the emulsion breaking kettle 1. A fourth electromagnetic valve 211 is fixedly installed on the second feeding pipe 21 and used for opening and closing the second feeding pipe 21. The axis of second discharging pipe 22 and the coincidence of the axis of second inlet pipe 21, second discharging pipe 22 one end is fixed with the lateral wall that second inlet pipe 21 was kept away from to deoiling case 2, and second discharging pipe 22 and the inside intercommunication of deoiling case 2, and fixed mounting has fifth solenoid valve 221 on the second discharging pipe 22 for open and close second discharging pipe 22. The booster pump 23 is current supercharging equipment, and its fixed mounting is at 2 upper surfaces of deoiling case, and booster pump 23 and 2 interior top surfaces intercommunication of deoiling case for the pump sending air gets into to deoiling case 2, increases the atmospheric pressure in the deoiling case 2. The air pressure valve 24 is an existing air valve device fixedly installed on the upper surface of the deoiling tank 2 and communicated with the inner top surface of the deoiling tank 2 for releasing air in the deoiling tank 2. The balance box 27 is rectangular box-shaped, and the interior of the balance box 27 is hollow, and the balance box 27 is disposed on one side of the oil removing box 2 close to the second feeding pipe 21 and fixed with the outer side wall of the oil removing box 2. The bottom of the balancing tank 27 is provided with a communicating pipe 271 and a first electromagnetic valve 272, the communicating pipe 271 is in a circular pipe shape, one end of the communicating pipe 271 is fixed with the bottom surface of the oil removing tank 2 and is communicated with the inner bottom surface of the oil removing tank 2, and the other end of the communicating pipe is fixed with the outer side wall of the oil removing tank 2 close to the balancing tank 27 and is communicated with the inside of the oil removing tank 2. The first solenoid valve 272 is fixedly installed on the communication pipe 271, and is used for opening and closing the communication pipe 271. Remove oil box 28 and be rectangle box-like structure, its opening laminating removes the lateral wall that oil tank 2 kept away from balance box 27 and is fixed with 2 lateral walls of case that deoils, deoiling case 2 has been close to and has been seted up on the inside wall of removing oil box 28 and has been removed hydraulic fluid port 4, and the opening of deoiling port 4 is the rectangle, its and the inside intercommunication of deoiling box 28, and deoiling port 4 sets up in communicating pipe 271 and the intercommunication mouth and the balance box 27 bottom surface of deoiling case 2 on vertical direction.
Referring to fig. 4, the deoiling box 28 is provided with a vacuum pump 281, an oil outlet pipe 282, a partition plate 283, a second solenoid valve 284, an oil discharge pipe 285, and a third solenoid valve 286. The vacuum pump 281 is disposed on the oil removing box 28 and fixed to the upper surface of the oil removing box 28, and the vacuum pump 281 is communicated with the inside of the oil removing box 28 for pumping the air in the oil removing box 28, so as to form a negative pressure in the oil removing box 28. The oil outlet pipe 282 is in a shape of a circular pipe, one end of the oil outlet pipe is fixed with the outer side wall of the oil removing tank 2 with the oil removing port 4 and is communicated with the oil removing port 4, and the other end of the oil outlet pipe is bent and then vertically faces downwards. The second solenoid valve 284 is fixedly installed on the oil line 282 to open and close the oil line 282. The partition plate 283 is rectangular plate-shaped, and is horizontally disposed in the oil removal box 28 and fixed to the inner sidewall of the oil removal box 28, one end of the oil outlet pipe 282 far away from the oil removal port 4 vertically penetrates through the partition plate 283 and passes through the bottom surface of the partition plate 283, and the second solenoid valve 284 is disposed on the upper side of the partition plate 283. The upper surface of the partition plate 283 is provided with vent holes, the openings of the vent holes are circular, and the vent holes are uniformly distributed on the upper surface of the partition plate 283. The oil discharge pipe 285 is a circular pipe shape, the axis thereof is vertical, and the oil discharge pipe 285 is provided at the lower side of the oil removing box 28. The upper end of oil drain pipe 285 is fixed and with the bottom surface of deoiling box 28 inside intercommunication with deoiling box 28, and third solenoid valve 286 fixed mounting is on oil drain pipe 285 for open and close oil drain pipe 285. The water level sensor 25 is disposed in the fuel removal tank 2 and fixed to the inner top surface of the fuel removal tank 2, and is configured to detect a liquid level in the fuel removal tank 2. The controller 26 is disposed on the deoiling tank 2 and fixed to the upper surface of the deoiling tank 2, and the controller 26 is electrically connected to the booster pump 23, the water level sensor 25, the fourth solenoid valve 211, the fifth solenoid valve 221, the air pressure valve 24, the first solenoid valve 272, the second solenoid valve 284, the third solenoid valve 286, and the vacuum pump 281. When the waste liquid after demulsification in the demulsification kettle 1 enters the oil removing tank 2 through the second feeding pipe 21, the fourth electromagnetic valve 211 is kept open, the fifth electromagnetic valve 221 is closed, so that the liquid level of the waste liquid does not pass through the top surface in the oil port 4, after the waste liquid is static, oil in the waste liquid floats on the liquid level of the waste liquid to form floating oil, then the water level sensor 25 detects the liquid level height of the emulsion, then the controller 26 sends a driving signal to start the booster pump 23, close the air pressure valve 24, close the fourth electromagnetic valve 211, open the first electromagnetic valve 272 and close the fifth electromagnetic valve 221, so that the air pressure in the oil removing tank 2 is increased, so that the liquid level of the waste liquid is reduced, meanwhile, the first electromagnetic valve 272 is opened, part of the waste liquid without oil enters the balance tank 27 through the communicating pipe 271, so that the air in the balance tank 27 is compressed and balanced with the air pressure in the oil removing tank 2, so that the liquid level of, then the vacuum pump 281 is started to form a negative pressure in the oil removing box 28, then the second solenoid valve 284 is started to communicate the oil removing box 28 with the oil removing box 2 through the oil removing port 4, so as to form a great pressure difference, thereby forming an air flow from the oil removing box 2 to the oil removing box 28 through the oil removing port 4 along the liquid surface, at the same time, due to the existence of the air flow, the air pressure in the oil removing box 2 is reduced, so that the air pressure in the balance box 27 presses the liquid surface of the waste liquid to be higher than the inner bottom surface of the oil removing port 4, thereby the floating oil floating on the liquid surface of the waste liquid flows to the oil removing box 28 along with the air flow, finally, when the air pressures in the oil removing box 28 and the oil removing box 2 are balanced, the controller 26 controls the third solenoid valve 286 to be opened, so that the floating oil in the oil removing box 28 is discharged, thereby separating the floating oil in the waste liquid, compared with the existing mode of the scraper and the floating oil absorption material, the, is suitable for the deoiling process of the emulsion.
Referring to fig. 4 and 5, an air pressure monitoring hole 3 is formed in the inner side wall of the oil removing tank 2, which is provided with an oil removing port 4, the opening of the air pressure monitoring hole 3 is rectangular, and an elastic membrane 31, a detection block 32 and a distance sensor 33 are arranged in the air pressure monitoring hole. The elastic membrane 31 is a thin film and made of elastic rubber material, the elastic membrane 31 is rectangular, and the edge of the elastic membrane 31 is fixed with the inner wall of the air pressure monitoring hole 3. The detection block 32 is a rectangular block, is arranged on one side of the elastic membrane 31 close to the air pressure monitoring hole 3 and is fixed with the middle part of the elastic membrane 31. Distance sensor 33 sets up in atmospheric pressure monitoring hole 3 and is located one side that elastic membrane 31 is close to atmospheric pressure monitoring hole 3, and distance sensor 33 is fixed with the inside wall of atmospheric pressure monitoring hole 3 for detect the position of piece 32. An adjusting plate 41 and an elastic block 42 are arranged in the oil removing port 4, the adjusting plate 41 is in a rectangular plate shape and horizontally arranged in the oil removing port 4, and two ends of the adjusting plate 41 are respectively in sliding fit with the inner side walls of two sides of the oil removing port 4. The elastic block 42 is rectangular block and made of elastic rubber material, the bottom surface of the elastic block is fixed with the inner bottom surface of the oil removing opening 4, the side walls of the two ends of the elastic block are respectively abutted against the inner side walls of the two sides of the oil removing opening 4, and the upper surface of the elastic block 42 is fixed with the bottom surface of the adjusting plate 41. Remove oil tank 2 and be close to and seted up holding tank 5 on the lateral wall of removing oil box 28, the opening of holding tank 5 is the rectangle, and it sets up in removing hydraulic fluid port 4 downside, is equipped with electronic jar 51 in the holding tank 5, and electronic jar 51 is fixed with the interior bottom surface of holding tank 5, and the piston rod tip of electronic jar 51 passes top surface in the holding tank 5 in proper order, the interior bottom surface of hydraulic fluid port 4, elastic block 42 and fixed with regulating plate 41 bottom surface. In addition, the distance sensor 33 and the electric cylinder 51 are both electrically connected with the controller 26, when more emulsion enters the de-oiling tank 2, the water level sensor 25 detects the liquid level of the emulsion, the controller 26 controls the booster pump 23 to pump more air, so that the air pressure in the de-oiling tank 2 is higher than the normal working condition, so that the liquid level in the de-oiling tank 2 is reduced to the level flush with the inner bottom surface of the de-oiling port 4, at this time, because the air pressure in the de-oiling tank 2 is higher, the elastic membrane 31 in the air pressure monitoring hole 3 bulges and deforms towards the air pressure monitoring hole 3, at this time, the distance sensor 33 detects that the distance of the detection block 32 is close and sends a signal to the controller 26, the controller 26 sends a signal to the electric cylinder 51, so that the end part of the piston rod of the electric rod rises, so that the adjusting plate 41 moves upwards, and at the same time, the elastic block 42 deforms upwards, which is equivalent to increase the, the wastewater on the lower side of the floating oil is prevented from entering the oil removal box 28 along with the floating oil, so that the removed floating oil has higher purity, and the mineral oil contained in the floating oil can be recycled.
Referring to fig. 2, the iron-carbon electrolysis unit, the reaction tank, the flocculation tank and the filter are all existing devices, the iron-carbon electrolysis unit is communicated with a second discharge pipe 22 of a de-oiling tank 2, and the iron-carbon electrolysis unit, the reaction tank, the flocculation tank and the filter are sequentially communicated, when emulsion is processed, emulsion firstly enters a de-emulsification kettle 1 for de-emulsification, then emulsion after de-emulsification enters the de-oiling tank 2 for removing floating oil, then waste liquid after de-emulsification enters the iron-carbon electrolysis unit for electrolysis, then waste liquid after electrolysis enters the reaction tank and is added with FeCl2 solution, then waste liquid after metal ion enrichment enters the flocculation tank, and NaOH solution and PAM are sequentially added, so that floccules are formed in the waste liquid, finally the waste liquid passes through the filter, floccules in the waste water are filtered, and metal ions in the waste water are removed.
The embodiments of the present invention are preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited by these embodiments, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the invention are covered by the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. A method for treating an emulsion, comprising: the method comprises the following steps:
a. demulsifying: heating and stirring the emulsion, and adding a demulsifier into the emulsion to separate oil from water in the emulsion;
b. deoiling: removing floating oil floating on the liquid surface of the emulsion;
c. iron-carbon electrolysis: the waste liquid enters an iron-carbon electrolysis unit, the pH value of the waste liquid is adjusted to 5, electrolysis is carried out for 28min at normal temperature, organic pollutants in the waste liquid are activated by using electrode reaction products and are converted into non-toxic substances, and the COD value and the oil content of the waste liquid are reduced;
d. flocculation pretreatment: adding metal ions into the waste liquid to increase the concentration of the metal ions in the waste liquid;
e. and (3) precipitation: adding hydroxide base into the waste liquid and stirring to form metal hydroxide precipitate which is insoluble in water in the waste liquid;
f. flocculation: adding PAM into the waste liquid to enable the metal hydroxide and the PAM to be connected to form thick floccule;
g. filtering; the wastewater passes through a filter to filter floccules in the wastewater, so that metal ions in the wastewater are removed.
2. A method of treating an emulsion as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the demulsifier in the step a is FeCl2, in the step d, FeCl2 is added, and the hydroxide base in the step e is NaOH.
3. The emulsion treatment system as claimed in claim 1, wherein said emulsion treatment system further comprises: the device comprises a demulsification kettle (1), a deoiling box (2), an iron-carbon electrolysis unit for electrolyzing waste liquid, a reaction tank for flocculation pretreatment, a flocculation tank and a filter for filtering floccules in the waste liquid, wherein the demulsification kettle (1) is rotationally connected with a stirring shaft (14), a driving motor (13) is fixed at the top of the demulsification kettle (1), and an output shaft of the driving motor (13) is fixed to the upper end of the stirring shaft (14); a spiral heating pipe (16) is further arranged in the demulsification kettle (1), and the spiral axis of the spiral heating pipe (16) is superposed with the axis of the demulsification kettle (1); the spiral heating pipe (16) is embedded in the side wall of the demulsification kettle (1), and two ends of the spiral heating pipe (16) penetrate out of the demulsification kettle (1) and are connected with circularly flowing heat conduction oil; the top of the demulsification kettle (1) is fixed with a discharge pipe (15) which is convenient for adding the demulsifier towards the demulsification kettle (1).
4. A system for handling emulsion as recited in claim 3, further comprising: the top of the oil removing tank (2) is provided with a booster pump (23) which pumps air towards the inside of the oil removing tank (2) and an air pressure valve (24) which is used for opening and closing the oil removing tank (2), and the outer side wall of the oil removing tank (2) is respectively provided with a balance tank (27) and an oil removing box (28); a communication pipe (271) is connected between the bottom surface of the balance box (27) and the outer side wall of the oil removing box (2), a first electromagnetic valve (272) is fixedly installed on the communication pipe (271), and the balance box (27) is filled with air; an oil removing port (4) communicated with the oil removing box (28) is formed in the inner side wall, close to the oil removing box (28), of the oil removing box (2), an oil outlet pipe (282) is arranged in the oil removing box (28), the oil removing port (4) at one end of the oil outlet pipe (282) is fixed and communicated, the other end of the oil outlet pipe (282) is arranged in the oil removing box (28), and a second electromagnetic valve (284) is fixedly installed on the oil outlet pipe (282); an oil discharge pipe (285) communicated with the inside of the oil removal box (28) is fixed at the bottom of the oil removal box (28), and a third electromagnetic valve (286) is fixedly installed on the oil discharge pipe (285); and a vacuum pump (281) for pumping air in the oil removal box (28) is fixed at the top of the oil removal box (28).
5. The emulsion handling system of claim 4, wherein: the balance box (27) is arranged on the upper side of the oil removing port (4), and the communicating pipe (271) and the communicating port of the oil removing tank (2) are arranged on the lower side of the oil removing port (4).
6. The emulsion handling system of claim 4, wherein: remove division board (283) that oil box (28) internal fixation has the level to set up, oil outlet pipe (282) are kept away from go the vertical one end of hydraulic fluid port (4) and run through division board (283) and extend to division board (283) downside, just the air vent has been seted up on division board (283).
7. The emulsion handling system of claim 6, wherein: go oil tank (2) interior top surface to be fixed with water level sensor (25) that are used for detecting go waste liquid water level in oil tank (2), go oil tank (2) top be fixed with controller (26) that water level sensor (25) electricity is connected, just controller (26) with booster pump (23) vacuum pump (281) first solenoid valve (272) second solenoid valve (284) third solenoid valve (286) all electricity is connected.
8. The emulsion handling system of claim 7, wherein: an air pressure monitoring hole (3) is formed in the inner side wall, provided with the oil removing port (4), of the oil removing tank (2), an elastic membrane (31) is fixed in the air pressure monitoring hole (3), a detection block (32) is fixed on the surface, close to the air pressure monitoring hole (3), of the elastic membrane (31), a distance sensor (33) used for detecting the position of the detection block (32) is fixed in the air pressure monitoring hole (3), and the distance sensor (33) is electrically connected with the controller (26); an accommodating groove (5) is formed in the outer side wall, close to the oil removing port (4), of the oil removing tank (2), and an electric cylinder (51) is fixedly installed in the accommodating groove (5); the oil removing port (4) is internally provided with an elastic block (42) and an adjusting plate (41), the bottom surface of the elastic block (42) is fixed with the inner bottom surface of the oil removing port (4), and the elastic block (42) is respectively abutted against the inner side walls of two sides of the oil removing port (4); regulating plate (41) respectively with the both sides inside wall that goes hydraulic fluid port (4) cooperation of sliding, regulating plate (41) bottom surface with elastic block (42) upper surface is fixed, just the vertical passing in proper order of tailpiece of the piston rod portion of electronic jar (51) top surface in holding tank (5) go hydraulic fluid port (4) bottom surface elastic block (42) and with regulating plate (41) bottom surface is fixed.
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