CN111136936A - Long purlin of many angle are spread layer design cap shape preimpregnation material pultrusion device - Google Patents
Long purlin of many angle are spread layer design cap shape preimpregnation material pultrusion device Download PDFInfo
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- CN111136936A CN111136936A CN202010017260.5A CN202010017260A CN111136936A CN 111136936 A CN111136936 A CN 111136936A CN 202010017260 A CN202010017260 A CN 202010017260A CN 111136936 A CN111136936 A CN 111136936A
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims description 107
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011417 postcuring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000037303 wrinkles Effects 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/30—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core
- B29C70/38—Automated lay-up, e.g. using robots, laying filaments according to predetermined patterns
- B29C70/386—Automated tape laying [ATL]
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/06—Fibrous reinforcements only
- B29C70/10—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres
- B29C70/16—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres using fibres of substantial or continuous length
- B29C70/22—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres using fibres of substantial or continuous length oriented in at least two directions forming a two dimensional structure
- B29C70/228—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres using fibres of substantial or continuous length oriented in at least two directions forming a two dimensional structure the structure being stacked in parallel layers with fibres of adjacent layers crossing at substantial angles
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- Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a multi-angle layering design hat-shaped stringer prepreg pultrusion device which comprises a layering device, a discharging device, a preforming device, a hot pressing device and a traction device, wherein the layering device is arranged on the top of the layering device; the laying device is used for laying the laid prepreg on the bottom prepreg and winding the laid prepreg into a roll to form a composite material shaft; the feeding device stacks all the composite material shafts according to a preset sequence and places demoulding films on the upper surface and the lower surface of each composite material shaft to form a preliminary prepreg tape blank; the pre-forming device bends and deforms the preliminary prepreg tape blank into the cross section shape of the hat-shaped section bar from a straight state; heating, pressurizing, curing and molding the prepreg tape blank with the cross section shape of the hat-shaped section by a hot pressing device; and the traction device takes the solidified and molded workpiece out of the hot-pressing die and brings the uncured prepreg tape blank into the hot-pressing die. The invention has more excellent mechanical property, can greatly improve the production efficiency, simultaneously reduces errors caused by human factors, and reduces the problem of folds generated in the layering process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of thermosetting composite materials, in particular to a pultrusion device for hat-shaped stringer prepreg with a multi-angle laying design.
Background
The prepreg pultrusion is a low-cost automatic manufacturing technology of composite materials, which takes prepreg as a raw material and manufactures composite material profiles with specific shapes through the steps of raw material laying, preforming, hot pressing and post-curing; has the advantages of high production efficiency, unlimited product length, low product porosity, easy secondary cementing and the like.
Typical plies in high performance composite aircraft stringers include both 0 ° plies and non-0 ° plies such as 90 ° and ± 45 °. In the pultrusion process, the prepreg with the 0-degree paving layer can bear pultrusion traction force and discharging tension, and the 90-degree and +/-45-degree paving layers cannot bear the pultrusion traction force and the discharging tension. Thus, to achieve pultrusion of 90 ° and ± 45 ° plies, these plies must be pultruded alongside 0 ° plies.
If all plies are laid together in advance, continuous pultrusion of longer parts is achieved because the thickness is too great to wind onto the barrel. It is therefore necessary to lay up 90 ° and ± 45 ° plies respectively onto adjacent 0 degree plies and then to perform continuous pultrusion.
The composite material section produced by adopting the pultrusion process has the characteristics of high production efficiency, stable product performance and high unidirectional strength, but the pultrusion product has the defect that the performance has obvious directionality. And when manual layering is adopted, the performance of a workpiece is unstable, the reliability is poor, the efficiency is low, and the defects of folds, depressions and the like are easy to appear on the surface of a product trial-manufactured by pultrusion equipment.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a pultrusion device for hat-shaped stringer prepreg with multi-angle ply design aiming at the defects involved in the background technology.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme for solving the technical problems:
a multi-angle layering design hat-shaped stringer prepreg pultrusion device comprises a layering device, a discharging device, a preforming device, a hot pressing device and a traction device;
the laying device is used for laying the laid prepreg on the bottom prepreg and winding the laid prepreg into a roll to form a composite material shaft with a preset angle between the laid prepreg and the bottom prepreg;
the discharging device is used for stacking each composite material shaft according to a preset sequence, placing a demoulding film on the upper surface and the lower surface of the composite material shaft to form a preliminary prepreg tape blank, and conveying the preliminary prepreg tape blank to the preforming device;
the preforming device is used for bending and deforming the preliminary prepreg tape blank from a straight state into the section shape of the cap-shaped section bar and sending the section shape to the hot-pressing device;
the hot-pressing device is used for heating, pressurizing, curing and molding the prepreg tape blank with the cross section shape of the hat-shaped section;
the traction device is used for taking the solidified and molded workpiece out of the hot-pressing die and bringing the uncured prepreg tape blank into the hot-pressing die.
The layering device comprises a base, an angle positioning disc, a first positioning pin, a first driving guide rail, a second driving guide rail, a first guide rail bracket, a second guide rail bracket, first to fourth material shafts, first to fourth motors, first to fourth material shaft brackets, first and second guide rollers and a tape laying disc assembly;
the angle positioning disc is disc-shaped, the lower end face of the angle positioning disc is connected with the upper end face of the base through a bearing, and the angle positioning disc can freely rotate relative to the base; a plurality of through holes for positioning angles are uniformly formed in the circumferential direction of the outer edge of the angle positioning disc, and positioning holes matched with the through holes in the angle positioning disc are formed in the upper end face of the base; the first positioning pin is used for being matched with the positioning hole and the through hole on the angle positioning disc so as to lock the rotation angle of the angle positioning disc relative to the base;
the first driving guide rail and the second driving guide rail respectively comprise a linear guide rail, a driving sliding block, a screw nut, a screw and a linear driving motor, wherein the driving sliding block is arranged on the linear guide rail and can freely slide along the linear guide rail; the lead screw and the linear guide rail are arranged in parallel, and two ends of the lead screw are connected with two ends of the linear guide rail through bearings, so that the lead screw can freely rotate relative to the linear guide rail; the linear driving motor is fixed at one end of the linear guide rail, and an output shaft of the linear driving motor is coaxially and fixedly connected with one end of the lead screw; the screw nut is arranged on the screw and is in threaded connection with the screw, and the screw nut is fixedly connected with the driving sliding block;
the first driving guide rail and the second driving guide rail are arranged in parallel and are fixed on the angle positioning disc through a first guide rail bracket and a second guide rail bracket respectively;
the tape laying disc assembly is arranged between the first driving guide rail and the second driving guide rail and is fixedly connected with the driving slide block of the first driving guide rail and the driving slide block of the second driving guide rail respectively; the tape laying disc assembly is used for laying the laying prepreg on the bottom prepreg;
the first material shaft and the second material shaft are identical in structure and shape, and are arranged on two sides of the base in parallel through a first material shaft support and a second material shaft support respectively, and two end faces of the first material shaft and the second material shaft are aligned; the first guide roller and the second guide roller are fixedly arranged on two sides of the base; the first material shaft is used for placing a bottom prepreg roll; the first guide roller is used for guiding and conveying the bottom prepreg on the first material shaft to the angle positioning disc on the angle positioning disc for layering; the second guide roller is used for guiding and conveying the prepreg which is paved on the angle positioning disc to a second material shaft for rolling;
the third material shaft and the fourth material shaft are arranged between the first driving guide rail and the second driving guide rail in parallel and are both vertical to the first driving guide rail; the third material shaft is arranged on the first guide rail bracket through a third material shaft bracket, and the fourth material shaft is arranged on the second guide rail bracket through a fourth material shaft bracket; the third material shaft is used for conveying the laying-up prepreg to the tape laying disc assembly; the fourth material shaft is used for rolling back lining paper which is stripped from the back of the prepreg on the third material shaft;
the first motor, the second motor, the third motor, the fourth motor and the first material shaft are all servo motors which are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the first material shaft, the output shaft is coaxially and fixedly connected with a rotating shaft of the corresponding material shaft, and the output shaft is used for the controller to rotate the corresponding material shaft;
the tape laying disc assembly comprises a first tape laying roller cylinder support, a second tape laying roller cylinder support, a first tape laying roller cylinder, a second tape laying roller cylinder, a first flange plate, a second flange plate, a base plate, a tape feeding roller, a first tape feeding roller cylinder, a second tape feeding roller cylinder, a third flange plate, a fourth flange plate, a fifth motor, a tape laying roller, a guide plate, a second positioning pin, a cutter support, a cutter rest, a cutter and a cutter cylinder;
the first belt paving roller cylinder and the second belt paving roller cylinder are respectively fixed on the driving slide blocks of the first driving guide rail and the second driving guide rail through a first belt paving roller cylinder bracket and a second belt paving roller cylinder bracket, and output shafts of the first belt paving roller cylinder and the second belt paving roller cylinder are downward and vertical to the first driving guide rail;
the output shafts of the first belt paving roller cylinder and the second belt paving roller cylinder are fixedly connected with the chassis through a first flange plate and a second flange plate respectively, so that a preset angle threshold value is formed above the angle positioning disc of the chassis and is formed between the angle positioning disc and the chassis;
the two ends of the rotating shaft of the tape paving roller are fixedly connected with the first flange plate and the second flange plate respectively and are positioned on one side of the chassis, and the tape paving roller is used for pressing the layer prepreg on the bottom prepreg roll when driving the first tape paving roller cylinder and the second tape paving roller cylinder;
the first belt conveying roller cylinder and the second belt conveying roller cylinder are respectively fixed on one side, away from the belt paving roller, of the upper end face of the chassis, and the output shaft is vertical to the chassis and faces upwards; two ends of the rotating shaft of the belt conveying roller are fixedly connected with the first belt conveying roller cylinder and the second belt conveying roller cylinder through a third flange and a fourth flange respectively; the belt conveying roller is used for pressing the spread-layer prepreg on the chassis when the first belt conveying roller cylinder and the second belt conveying roller cylinder are used;
the fifth motor is fixed on the third flange plate, an output shaft of the fifth motor is coaxially and fixedly connected with a rotating shaft of the belt feeding roller, and the fifth motor is used for driving the belt feeding roller to rotate and conveying the spread prepreg to the belt paving roller;
the guide plate is a semicircular disc, is arranged between the belt feeding roller and the belt paving roller, is connected with the center of the upper end surface of the chassis through a bearing at the center of the lower end surface of the guide plate, and can freely rotate relative to the chassis; a plurality of through holes for positioning angles are uniformly formed in the circumferential direction of the outer edge of the base plate, and adjusting holes matched with the through holes in the angle positioning disc are formed in the upper end face of the guide plate; the second positioning pin is used for being matched with the adjusting hole and the through hole in the chassis so as to lock the rotation angle of the wire guide plate relative to the chassis;
the cutter bracket is fixed on the guide plate and is vertical to the first driving guide rail; the cutter support is provided with a first chute and a second chute which are parallel to each other, and chute sliding blocks capable of freely sliding are arranged in the first chute and the second chute;
the tool rest is respectively provided with a chute sliding block of the first chute and a chute sliding block of the second chute which are fixedly connected and can freely slide along the first chute;
the cutter is fixed on the cutter frame, is parallel to the guide plate, and has a downward blade point vertical to the guide plate;
the cutter cylinder adopts a bidirectional cylinder, is parallel to the first chute and is arranged on the cutter support, and output shafts at two ends of the cutter cylinder are fixedly connected with the cutter support, the cylinder body and the cutter rest and are used for driving the cutter rest and then driving the cutter to move up and down along the first chute so as to cut off the laying prepreg.
The working method of the tape laying disc assembly specifically comprises the following steps:
step A.1), adjusting an angle positioning disc to enable the first linear guide rail and the second linear guide rail to form a preset angle with the bottom prepreg, rotating a cutter to the position with the set included angle, lifting a belt conveying roller, conveying the prepreg to be paved on a third material shaft into a belt paving disc assembly, pressing down the belt conveying roller, cutting off the prepreg by the cutter, and ensuring that a fracture is parallel to the edge of the bottom prepreg;
step A.2), reversing the first material shaft and the second material shaft on which the bottom-layer prepreg is placed to establish the tension of the bottom-layer prepreg, and reversing the third material shaft along the direction of the guide rail to establish the tension of the prepreg to be paved;
step A.3), moving a tape laying roller to the initial end of the bottom prepreg, rotating a tape conveying roller to convey the prepreg to be laid to the position of the tape laying roller, aligning the fracture of the prepreg to be laid with the edge of the bottom prepreg, and pressing down the tape laying roller to compact the prepreg to be laid on the bottom prepreg;
step A.4), moving a tape laying disc assembly along a first linear guide rail and a second linear guide rail, laying the prepreg by a tape laying roller, conveying the prepreg by a tape conveying roller in a matching and rotating mode, cutting the prepreg to be laid by a cutter before a layer laying process is completed, moving the tape laying roller for a certain distance along the guide rails to complete the laying, and lifting the tape laying roller to move back to an initial position;
and step A.5), rotating the first material shaft and the second material shaft to drive the paved prepreg layer group to advance for a certain distance, thereby completing a paving cycle period.
Continuously laying layers through the tape laying disc assembly to form a composite material shaft with a preset angle between the laid prepreg and the bottom prepreg.
The discharging device comprises a substrate, N composite material shaft units, a first demoulding film unit, a second demoulding film unit and a vector frequency converter, wherein N is a natural number more than or equal to 1;
the composite material shaft unit comprises a discharging shaft, a backing paper winding shaft, a discharging motor and a winding motor, wherein the discharging shaft and the backing paper winding shaft are both inflatable shafts, and one ends of the discharging shaft and the backing paper winding shaft are connected with the substrate through bearings and can freely rotate relative to the substrate; the discharging motor and the winding motor are fixed on the substrate, and output shafts of the discharging motor and the winding motor are coaxially and fixedly connected with the discharging shaft and the backing paper winding shaft respectively; the discharging shaft is used for fixing the composite material shaft, and the backing paper winding shaft is used for stripping the backing paper of the composite material shaft on the discharging shaft;
the first demoulding film unit and the second demoulding film unit respectively comprise a demoulding film material shaft and a demoulding film motor, wherein the demoulding film material shaft adopts an inflatable shaft, one end of the demoulding film material shaft is connected with the substrate through a bearing and can freely rotate relative to the substrate; the demoulding film motor is fixed on the substrate, and an output shaft of the demoulding film motor is coaxially and fixedly connected with the demoulding film shaft; the demoulding film material shaft is used for fixing the demoulding film material shaft;
the vector frequency converter is electrically connected with the discharging motors of the N composite material shaft units, the winding motors of the N composite material shaft units, the demoulding film motor of the first demoulding film unit and the demoulding film motor of the second demoulding film unit respectively and is used for controlling the speed of each motor connected with the vector frequency converter;
the N composite material shaft units stack the composite material shafts according to a preset sequence to form stacked prepreg, and the first demolding film unit and the second demolding film unit form primary prepreg tape blanks on the upper surface and the lower surface of the stacked prepreg through demolding films.
And designing a layer laying structure meeting the requirements according to the geometric dimension of the product and the actually required mechanical property. If the product needs to bear longitudinal load, a 90-degree paving layer is designed; if the product needs to bear bending and torsion loads, a layer with +/-45 degrees is designed. The length direction of the part is 0 degree, and the sectional layering design is carried out along the length direction. Fibers in the +/-45-degree and 90-degree directions cannot bear the discharging tension in the pultrusion direction, and in order to restrain fibers in the direction different from 0 degrees, the +/-45-degree and 90-degree prepregs need to be laid on the prepregs in the 0-degree direction in advance. Based on the above analysis, it was designed as a following layer structure [45/0/0/-45/90/-45/0/0/45 ]. The prepreg sequentially passes through a multi-angle prepreg pre-laying device and a discharging device, is automatically laid on a pre-forming die to form a required laminated board structure, is pulled out through a traction device after reaching a certain curing degree through a hot-pressing device, and is continuously pulled and extruded to form a required product.
Compared with the prior art, the invention adopting the technical scheme has the following technical effects:
1. compared with manual laying, the multi-angle automatic laying adopts prepreg pre-laying equipment, so that the production efficiency can be greatly improved, and errors caused by human factors can be reduced;
2. the multi-angle layering enables the prepared product to have more excellent mechanical properties, and improves the service performance of the product;
3. the tension provided by the equipment can reduce the problems of wrinkles and the like generated in the layering process.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a hat stringer layup;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the tape laying apparatus;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the construction of the tape deck assembly;
FIG. 5 (a) is a schematic diagram of a 90-degree directional tape laying operation, FIG. 5 (b) is a schematic diagram of a 45-degree directional tape laying operation, and FIG. 5 (c) is a schematic diagram of a-45-degree directional tape laying operation;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a discharging device;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a discharge apparatus;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the pultrusion of hat stringers.
Reference numerals: 1-a linear guide rail; 2-linear guide rail driving motor; 3-a first guide rail bracket; 4-angular positioning of the disc; 5-angle positioning holes; 6-paving the belt roller cylinder bracket; 7-paving a belt disc chassis; 8-a cutter cylinder; 9-a tool rest; 10-cutting knife; 11-cutter baffles; 12-a tape laying roller; 13-a tape laying roller cylinder; 14-a belt feeding roller; 15-a third material shaft; 16-a fourth stub shaft; 17-a fourth motor; 18-a third electric machine; 19-a guide roll; 20-a first material shaft; 21-a second material shaft; 22-tape laying disc assembly; 23-a base; 24-a tool holder assembly; 25-guide groove.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further explained in detail by combining the attached drawings:
the present invention may be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art. In the drawings, components are exaggerated for clarity.
As shown in FIG. 1, the invention discloses a multi-angle laying design hat-shaped stringer prepreg pultrusion device, which comprises a laying device, a discharging device, a preforming device, a hot-pressing device and a traction device, wherein the laying device is arranged on the top of the laying device;
the laying device is used for laying the laid prepreg on the bottom prepreg and winding the laid prepreg into a roll to form a composite material shaft with a preset angle between the laid prepreg and the bottom prepreg;
the discharging device is used for stacking each composite material shaft according to a preset sequence, placing a demoulding film on the upper surface and the lower surface of the composite material shaft to form a preliminary prepreg tape blank, and conveying the preliminary prepreg tape blank to the preforming device;
the preforming device is used for bending and deforming the preliminary prepreg tape blank from a straight state into the section shape of the cap-shaped section bar and sending the section shape to the hot-pressing device;
the hot-pressing device is used for heating, pressurizing, curing and molding the prepreg tape blank with the cross section shape of the hat-shaped section;
the traction device is used for taking the solidified and molded workpiece out of the hot-pressing die and bringing the uncured prepreg tape blank into the hot-pressing die.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a hat stringer layup.
As shown in fig. 3, the layering device comprises a base, an angle positioning disc, a first positioning pin, a first driving guide rail, a second driving guide rail, a first guide rail bracket, a second guide rail bracket, first to fourth material shafts, first to fourth motors, first to fourth material shaft brackets, first and second guide rollers, and a tape laying disc assembly;
the angle positioning disc is disc-shaped, the lower end face of the angle positioning disc is connected with the upper end face of the base through a bearing, and the angle positioning disc can freely rotate relative to the base; a plurality of through holes for positioning angles are uniformly formed in the circumferential direction of the outer edge of the angle positioning disc, and positioning holes matched with the through holes in the angle positioning disc are formed in the upper end face of the base; the first positioning pin is used for being matched with the positioning hole and the through hole on the angle positioning disc so as to lock the rotation angle of the angle positioning disc relative to the base;
the first driving guide rail and the second driving guide rail respectively comprise a linear guide rail, a driving sliding block, a screw nut, a screw and a linear driving motor, wherein the driving sliding block is arranged on the linear guide rail and can freely slide along the linear guide rail; the lead screw and the linear guide rail are arranged in parallel, and two ends of the lead screw are connected with two ends of the linear guide rail through bearings, so that the lead screw can freely rotate relative to the linear guide rail; the linear driving motor is fixed at one end of the linear guide rail, and an output shaft of the linear driving motor is coaxially and fixedly connected with one end of the lead screw; the screw nut is arranged on the screw and is in threaded connection with the screw, and the screw nut is fixedly connected with the driving sliding block;
the first driving guide rail and the second driving guide rail are arranged in parallel and are fixed on the angle positioning disc through a first guide rail bracket and a second guide rail bracket respectively;
the tape laying disc assembly is arranged between the first driving guide rail and the second driving guide rail and is fixedly connected with the driving slide block of the first driving guide rail and the driving slide block of the second driving guide rail respectively; the tape laying disc assembly is used for laying the laying prepreg on the bottom prepreg;
the first material shaft and the second material shaft are identical in structure and shape, and are arranged on two sides of the base in parallel through a first material shaft support and a second material shaft support respectively, and two end faces of the first material shaft and the second material shaft are aligned; the first guide roller and the second guide roller are fixedly arranged on two sides of the base; the first material shaft is used for placing a bottom prepreg roll; the first guide roller is used for guiding and conveying the bottom prepreg on the first material shaft to the angle positioning disc on the angle positioning disc for layering; the second guide roller is used for guiding and conveying the prepreg which is paved on the angle positioning disc to a second material shaft for rolling;
the third material shaft and the fourth material shaft are arranged between the first driving guide rail and the second driving guide rail in parallel and are both vertical to the first driving guide rail; the third material shaft is arranged on the first guide rail bracket through a third material shaft bracket, and the fourth material shaft is arranged on the second guide rail bracket through a fourth material shaft bracket; the third material shaft is used for conveying the laying-up prepreg to the tape laying disc assembly; the fourth material shaft is used for rolling back lining paper which is stripped from the back of the prepreg on the third material shaft;
the first motor, the second motor, the third motor, the fourth motor and the first material shaft are all servo motors which are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the first material shaft, the output shaft is coaxially and fixedly connected with a rotating shaft of the corresponding material shaft, and the output shaft is used for the controller to rotate the corresponding material shaft;
as shown in fig. 4, the tape laying disc assembly comprises a first tape laying roller cylinder support, a second tape laying roller cylinder support, a first tape laying roller cylinder, a second tape laying roller cylinder, a first flange plate, a second flange plate, a base plate, a tape feeding roller, a first tape feeding roller cylinder, a second tape feeding roller cylinder, a third flange plate, a fourth flange plate, a fifth motor, a tape laying roller, a guide plate, a second positioning pin, a cutter support, a cutter rest, a cutter and a cutter cylinder;
the first belt paving roller cylinder and the second belt paving roller cylinder are respectively fixed on the driving slide blocks of the first driving guide rail and the second driving guide rail through a first belt paving roller cylinder bracket and a second belt paving roller cylinder bracket, and output shafts of the first belt paving roller cylinder and the second belt paving roller cylinder are downward and vertical to the first driving guide rail;
the output shafts of the first belt paving roller cylinder and the second belt paving roller cylinder are fixedly connected with the chassis through a first flange plate and a second flange plate respectively, so that a preset angle threshold value is formed above the angle positioning disc of the chassis and is formed between the angle positioning disc and the chassis;
the two ends of the rotating shaft of the tape paving roller are fixedly connected with the first flange plate and the second flange plate respectively and are positioned on one side of the chassis, and the tape paving roller is used for pressing the layer prepreg on the bottom prepreg roll when driving the first tape paving roller cylinder and the second tape paving roller cylinder;
the first belt conveying roller cylinder and the second belt conveying roller cylinder are respectively fixed on one side, away from the belt paving roller, of the upper end face of the chassis, and the output shaft is vertical to the chassis and faces upwards; two ends of the rotating shaft of the belt conveying roller are fixedly connected with the first belt conveying roller cylinder and the second belt conveying roller cylinder through a third flange and a fourth flange respectively; the belt conveying roller is used for pressing the spread-layer prepreg on the chassis when the first belt conveying roller cylinder and the second belt conveying roller cylinder are used;
the fifth motor is fixed on the third flange plate, an output shaft of the fifth motor is coaxially and fixedly connected with a rotating shaft of the belt feeding roller, and the fifth motor is used for driving the belt feeding roller to rotate and conveying the spread prepreg to the belt paving roller;
the guide plate is a semicircular disc, is arranged between the belt feeding roller and the belt paving roller, is connected with the center of the upper end surface of the chassis through a bearing at the center of the lower end surface of the guide plate, and can freely rotate relative to the chassis; a plurality of through holes for positioning angles are uniformly formed in the circumferential direction of the outer edge of the base plate, and adjusting holes matched with the through holes in the angle positioning disc are formed in the upper end face of the guide plate; the second positioning pin is used for being matched with the adjusting hole and the through hole in the chassis so as to lock the rotation angle of the wire guide plate relative to the chassis;
the cutter bracket is fixed on the guide plate and is vertical to the first driving guide rail; the cutter support is provided with a first chute and a second chute which are parallel to each other, and chute sliding blocks capable of freely sliding are arranged in the first chute and the second chute;
the tool rest is respectively provided with a chute sliding block of the first chute and a chute sliding block of the second chute which are fixedly connected and can freely slide along the first chute;
the cutter is fixed on the cutter frame, is parallel to the guide plate, and has a downward blade point vertical to the guide plate;
the cutter cylinder adopts a bidirectional cylinder, is parallel to the first chute and is arranged on the cutter support, and output shafts at two ends of the cutter cylinder are fixedly connected with the cutter support, the cylinder body and the cutter rest and are used for driving the cutter rest and then driving the cutter to move up and down along the first chute so as to cut off the laying prepreg.
The working method of the tape laying disc assembly specifically comprises the following steps:
step A.1), adjusting an angle positioning disc to enable the first linear guide rail and the second linear guide rail to form a preset angle with the bottom prepreg, rotating a cutter to the position with the set included angle, lifting a belt conveying roller, conveying the prepreg to be paved on a third material shaft into a belt paving disc assembly, pressing down the belt conveying roller, cutting off the prepreg by the cutter, and ensuring that a fracture is parallel to the edge of the bottom prepreg;
step A.2), reversing the first material shaft and the second material shaft on which the bottom-layer prepreg is placed to establish the tension of the bottom-layer prepreg, and reversing the third material shaft along the direction of the guide rail to establish the tension of the prepreg to be paved;
step A.3), moving a tape laying roller to the initial end of the bottom prepreg, rotating a tape conveying roller to convey the prepreg to be laid to the position of the tape laying roller, aligning the fracture of the prepreg to be laid with the edge of the bottom prepreg, and pressing down the tape laying roller to compact the prepreg to be laid on the bottom prepreg;
step A.4), moving a tape laying disc assembly along a first linear guide rail and a second linear guide rail, laying the prepreg by a tape laying roller, conveying the prepreg by a tape conveying roller in a matching and rotating mode, cutting the prepreg to be laid by a cutter before a layer laying process is completed, moving the tape laying roller for a certain distance along the guide rails to complete the laying, and lifting the tape laying roller to move back to an initial position;
and step A.5), rotating the first material shaft and the second material shaft to drive the paved prepreg layer group to advance for a certain distance, thereby completing a paving cycle period.
Continuously laying layers through the tape laying disc assembly to form a composite material shaft with a preset angle between the laid prepreg and the bottom prepreg. Fig. 5 (a) is a schematic diagram of the 90 ° direction tape laying operation, fig. 5 (b) is a schematic diagram of the 45 ° direction tape laying operation, and fig. 5 (c) is a schematic diagram of the-45 ° direction tape laying operation.
As shown in fig. 6 and 7, the discharge device includes a substrate, N composite shaft units, a first demolding film unit, a second demolding film unit, and a vector frequency converter, where N is a natural number greater than or equal to 1;
the composite material shaft unit comprises a discharging shaft, a backing paper winding shaft, a discharging motor and a winding motor, wherein the discharging shaft and the backing paper winding shaft are both inflatable shafts, and one ends of the discharging shaft and the backing paper winding shaft are connected with the substrate through bearings and can freely rotate relative to the substrate; the discharging motor and the winding motor are fixed on the substrate, and output shafts of the discharging motor and the winding motor are coaxially and fixedly connected with the discharging shaft and the backing paper winding shaft respectively; the discharging shaft is used for fixing the composite material shaft, and the backing paper winding shaft is used for stripping the backing paper of the composite material shaft on the discharging shaft;
the first demoulding film unit and the second demoulding film unit respectively comprise a demoulding film material shaft and a demoulding film motor, wherein the demoulding film material shaft adopts an inflatable shaft, one end of the demoulding film material shaft is connected with the substrate through a bearing and can freely rotate relative to the substrate; the demoulding film motor is fixed on the substrate, and an output shaft of the demoulding film motor is coaxially and fixedly connected with the demoulding film shaft; the demoulding film material shaft is used for fixing the demoulding film material shaft;
the vector frequency converter is electrically connected with the discharging motors of the N composite material shaft units, the winding motors of the N composite material shaft units, the demoulding film motor of the first demoulding film unit and the demoulding film motor of the second demoulding film unit respectively and is used for controlling the speed of each motor connected with the vector frequency converter;
the N composite material shaft units stack the composite material shafts according to a preset sequence to form stacked prepreg, and the first demolding film unit and the second demolding film unit form primary prepreg tape blanks on the upper surface and the lower surface of the stacked prepreg through demolding films.
According to the paving characteristics of a paving device, the paving angle sequence [45/0/0/-45/90/-45/0/0/45] of the hat-shaped stringer shown in FIG. 2 is divided into 4 groups for paving, and specifically comprises the following steps: [45/0], [0/-45/90], [ -45/0], and [0/45 ]. And after the 4 groups of prepreg layer groups are paved on a paving device, sequentially taking down the material rolls, and finally sleeving the 4 groups of material rolls on a prepreg discharging shaft of a discharging device.
In fig. 6, the discharging shafts (a 1, a2, A3, a 4) of the composite shaft unit on the discharging device, the backing paper winding shafts (S1, S2, S3, S4) of the composite shaft unit, and the release film shafts (M1, M2) of the first release film and the second release film are all mounted on the bottom plate through bearings; in addition, G1, G2 and G3 are provided, which are respectively adjusting shafts for adjusting the directions of M1, M2 and A4. G1, G2, and G3 may or may not be provided as the case may be. If the laying sequence of the hat-shaped stringer is changed due to the requirement of laying design, the prepreg laying can be grouped according to the specific laying sequence, the material shaft in the discharging device is properly increased or reduced, the laying principle of the prepreg layer group is unchanged, and the grouping is only a grouping scheme given for one specific laying sequence.
The traction device is a power device and is matched with the execution actions of the hot-pressing device and the discharging device to realize the action circulation that the workpiece gradually moves forwards, namely the stepping process characteristics in the pultrusion system, and the principle of the cap-shaped stringer pultrusion is shown in figure 8.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the prior art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.
The above-mentioned embodiments, objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention are further described in detail, it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A multi-angle layering design hat-shaped stringer prepreg pultrusion device is characterized by comprising a layering device, a discharging device, a preforming device, a hot pressing device and a traction device;
the laying device is used for laying the laid prepreg on the bottom prepreg and winding the laid prepreg into a roll to form a composite material shaft with a preset angle between the laid prepreg and the bottom prepreg;
the discharging device is used for stacking each composite material shaft according to a preset sequence, placing a demoulding film on the upper surface and the lower surface of the composite material shaft to form a preliminary prepreg tape blank, and conveying the preliminary prepreg tape blank to the preforming device;
the preforming device is used for bending and deforming the preliminary prepreg tape blank from a straight state into the section shape of the cap-shaped section bar and sending the section shape to the hot-pressing device;
the hot-pressing device is used for heating, pressurizing, curing and molding the prepreg tape blank with the cross section shape of the hat-shaped section;
the traction device is used for taking the solidified and molded workpiece out of the hot-pressing die and bringing the uncured prepreg tape blank into the hot-pressing die.
2. The multi-angle layup design hat stringer prepreg pultrusion apparatus of claim 1, wherein the layup apparatus comprises a base, an angle positioning disc, a first positioning pin, a first drive rail, a second drive rail, a first rail bracket, a second rail bracket, first to fourth material shafts, first to fourth motors, first to fourth material shaft brackets, first and second guide rollers, and a layup reel assembly;
the angle positioning disc is disc-shaped, the lower end face of the angle positioning disc is connected with the upper end face of the base through a bearing, and the angle positioning disc can freely rotate relative to the base; a plurality of through holes for positioning angles are uniformly formed in the circumferential direction of the outer edge of the angle positioning disc, and positioning holes matched with the through holes in the angle positioning disc are formed in the upper end face of the base; the first positioning pin is used for being matched with the positioning hole and the through hole on the angle positioning disc so as to lock the rotation angle of the angle positioning disc relative to the base;
the first driving guide rail and the second driving guide rail respectively comprise a linear guide rail, a driving sliding block, a screw nut, a screw and a linear driving motor, wherein the driving sliding block is arranged on the linear guide rail and can freely slide along the linear guide rail; the lead screw and the linear guide rail are arranged in parallel, and two ends of the lead screw are connected with two ends of the linear guide rail through bearings, so that the lead screw can freely rotate relative to the linear guide rail; the linear driving motor is fixed at one end of the linear guide rail, and an output shaft of the linear driving motor is coaxially and fixedly connected with one end of the lead screw; the screw nut is arranged on the screw and is in threaded connection with the screw, and the screw nut is fixedly connected with the driving sliding block;
the first driving guide rail and the second driving guide rail are arranged in parallel and are fixed on the angle positioning disc through a first guide rail bracket and a second guide rail bracket respectively;
the tape laying disc assembly is arranged between the first driving guide rail and the second driving guide rail and is fixedly connected with the driving slide block of the first driving guide rail and the driving slide block of the second driving guide rail respectively; the tape laying disc assembly is used for laying the laying prepreg on the bottom prepreg;
the first material shaft and the second material shaft are identical in structure and shape, and are arranged on two sides of the base in parallel through a first material shaft support and a second material shaft support respectively, and two end faces of the first material shaft and the second material shaft are aligned; the first guide roller and the second guide roller are fixedly arranged on two sides of the base; the first material shaft is used for placing a bottom prepreg roll; the first guide roller is used for guiding and conveying the bottom prepreg on the first material shaft to the angle positioning disc on the angle positioning disc for layering; the second guide roller is used for guiding and conveying the prepreg which is paved on the angle positioning disc to a second material shaft for rolling;
the third material shaft and the fourth material shaft are arranged between the first driving guide rail and the second driving guide rail in parallel and are both vertical to the first driving guide rail; the third material shaft is arranged on the first guide rail bracket through a third material shaft bracket, and the fourth material shaft is arranged on the second guide rail bracket through a fourth material shaft bracket; the third material shaft is used for conveying the laying-up prepreg to the tape laying disc assembly; the fourth material shaft is used for rolling back lining paper which is stripped from the back of the prepreg on the third material shaft;
the first motor, the second motor, the third motor, the fourth motor and the first material shaft are all servo motors which are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the first material shaft, the output shaft is coaxially and fixedly connected with a rotating shaft of the corresponding material shaft, and the output shaft is used for the controller to rotate the corresponding material shaft;
the tape laying disc assembly comprises a first tape laying roller cylinder support, a second tape laying roller cylinder support, a first tape laying roller cylinder, a second tape laying roller cylinder, a first flange plate, a second flange plate, a base plate, a tape feeding roller, a first tape feeding roller cylinder, a second tape feeding roller cylinder, a third flange plate, a fourth flange plate, a fifth motor, a tape laying roller, a guide plate, a second positioning pin, a cutter support, a cutter rest, a cutter and a cutter cylinder;
the first belt paving roller cylinder and the second belt paving roller cylinder are respectively fixed on the driving slide blocks of the first driving guide rail and the second driving guide rail through a first belt paving roller cylinder bracket and a second belt paving roller cylinder bracket, and output shafts of the first belt paving roller cylinder and the second belt paving roller cylinder are downward and vertical to the first driving guide rail;
the output shafts of the first belt paving roller cylinder and the second belt paving roller cylinder are fixedly connected with the chassis through a first flange plate and a second flange plate respectively, so that a preset angle threshold value is formed above the angle positioning disc of the chassis and is formed between the angle positioning disc and the chassis;
the two ends of the rotating shaft of the tape paving roller are fixedly connected with the first flange plate and the second flange plate respectively and are positioned on one side of the chassis, and the tape paving roller is used for pressing the layer prepreg on the bottom prepreg roll when driving the first tape paving roller cylinder and the second tape paving roller cylinder;
the first belt conveying roller cylinder and the second belt conveying roller cylinder are respectively fixed on one side, away from the belt paving roller, of the upper end face of the chassis, and the output shaft is vertical to the chassis and faces upwards; two ends of the rotating shaft of the belt conveying roller are fixedly connected with the first belt conveying roller cylinder and the second belt conveying roller cylinder through a third flange and a fourth flange respectively; the belt conveying roller is used for pressing the spread-layer prepreg on the chassis when the first belt conveying roller cylinder and the second belt conveying roller cylinder are used;
the fifth motor is fixed on the third flange plate, an output shaft of the fifth motor is coaxially and fixedly connected with a rotating shaft of the belt feeding roller, and the fifth motor is used for driving the belt feeding roller to rotate and conveying the spread prepreg to the belt paving roller;
the guide plate is a semicircular disc, is arranged between the belt feeding roller and the belt paving roller, is connected with the center of the upper end surface of the chassis through a bearing at the center of the lower end surface of the guide plate, and can freely rotate relative to the chassis; a plurality of through holes for positioning angles are uniformly formed in the circumferential direction of the outer edge of the base plate, and adjusting holes matched with the through holes in the angle positioning disc are formed in the upper end face of the guide plate; the second positioning pin is used for being matched with the adjusting hole and the through hole in the chassis so as to lock the rotation angle of the wire guide plate relative to the chassis;
the cutter bracket is fixed on the guide plate and is vertical to the first driving guide rail; the cutter support is provided with a first chute and a second chute which are parallel to each other, and chute sliding blocks capable of freely sliding are arranged in the first chute and the second chute;
the tool rest is respectively provided with a chute sliding block of the first chute and a chute sliding block of the second chute which are fixedly connected and can freely slide along the first chute;
the cutter is fixed on the cutter frame, is parallel to the guide plate, and has a downward blade point vertical to the guide plate;
the cutter cylinder adopts a bidirectional cylinder, is parallel to the first chute and is arranged on the cutter support, and output shafts at two ends of the cutter cylinder are fixedly connected with the cutter support, the cylinder body and the cutter rest and are used for driving the cutter rest and then driving the cutter to move up and down along the first chute so as to cut off the laying prepreg.
3. The pultrusion device for the hat-shaped stringer prepreg according to the multi-angle laying design of claim 1, wherein the discharging device comprises a base plate, N composite shaft units, a first demoulding film unit, a second demoulding film unit and a vector frequency converter, N is a natural number greater than or equal to 1;
the composite material shaft unit comprises a discharging shaft, a backing paper winding shaft, a discharging motor and a winding motor, wherein the discharging shaft and the backing paper winding shaft are both inflatable shafts, and one ends of the discharging shaft and the backing paper winding shaft are connected with the substrate through bearings and can freely rotate relative to the substrate; the discharging motor and the winding motor are fixed on the substrate, and output shafts of the discharging motor and the winding motor are coaxially and fixedly connected with the discharging shaft and the backing paper winding shaft respectively; the discharging shaft is used for fixing the composite material shaft, and the backing paper winding shaft is used for stripping the backing paper of the composite material shaft on the discharging shaft;
the first demoulding film unit and the second demoulding film unit respectively comprise a demoulding film material shaft and a demoulding film motor, wherein the demoulding film material shaft adopts an inflatable shaft, one end of the demoulding film material shaft is connected with the substrate through a bearing and can freely rotate relative to the substrate; the demoulding film motor is fixed on the substrate, and an output shaft of the demoulding film motor is coaxially and fixedly connected with the demoulding film shaft; the demoulding film material shaft is used for fixing the demoulding film material shaft;
the vector frequency converter is electrically connected with the discharging motors of the N composite material shaft units, the winding motors of the N composite material shaft units, the demoulding film motor of the first demoulding film unit and the demoulding film motor of the second demoulding film unit respectively and is used for controlling the speed of each motor connected with the vector frequency converter;
the N composite material shaft units stack the composite material shafts according to a preset sequence to form stacked prepreg, and the first demolding film unit and the second demolding film unit form primary prepreg tape blanks on the upper surface and the lower surface of the stacked prepreg through demolding films.
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| CN202010017260.5A CN111136936A (en) | 2020-01-08 | 2020-01-08 | Long purlin of many angle are spread layer design cap shape preimpregnation material pultrusion device |
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| CN202010017260.5A CN111136936A (en) | 2020-01-08 | 2020-01-08 | Long purlin of many angle are spread layer design cap shape preimpregnation material pultrusion device |
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