CN110394997B - Wire laying equipment for ring frame composite material workpiece and working method - Google Patents
Wire laying equipment for ring frame composite material workpiece and working method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110394997B CN110394997B CN201910700127.7A CN201910700127A CN110394997B CN 110394997 B CN110394997 B CN 110394997B CN 201910700127 A CN201910700127 A CN 201910700127A CN 110394997 B CN110394997 B CN 110394997B
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 claims description 32
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013500 data storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007723 die pressing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037303 wrinkles Effects 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/30—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core
- B29C70/34—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core and shaping or impregnating by compression, i.e. combined with compressing after the lay-up operation
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/30—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core
- B29C70/38—Automated lay-up, e.g. using robots, laying filaments according to predetermined patterns
- B29C70/382—Automated fiber placement [AFP]
- B29C70/384—Fiber placement heads, e.g. component parts, details or accessories
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/54—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations, e.g. feeding or storage of prepregs or SMC after impregnation or during ageing
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Robotics (AREA)
- Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)
Abstract
The wire laying equipment for the ring-frame composite material workpiece comprises a fixed frame, a rotary table, a plurality of ring-frame molds, a wire laying mechanism and a local pressure applying mechanism, wherein the rotary table is rotatably arranged on the fixed frame; the fiber laying mechanism comprises a 0-degree fiber laying head with the fiber distribution direction in the same direction as the extension direction of the ring frame and a plurality of non-0-degree fiber laying heads with the fiber distribution direction different from the extension direction of the ring frame. The automatic ring frame composite material forming machine can automatically lay a plurality of ring frame composite material parts at one time, and greatly improves the forming quality and the forming efficiency of the complex structure. Based on the method, the application also provides a working method.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of automatic manufacturing of composite materials, in particular to a molding device for a ring frame composite material part, which is particularly suitable for automatic molding of a Z-shaped composite material ring frame with equal cross section and equal curvature radius.
Background
The frame structure is an important component of an airplane structure, is commonly used as an airplane bulkhead frame or other skeleton parts, directly influences the accuracy of the appearance of the airplane and the bearing capacity of the structure, and plays an important role in the integral frame of the airplane. However, the composite beam and frame have complicated structure, various cross-sectional forms, large curvature change and high manufacturing difficulty. The common ring frame has C-shaped, Z-shaped, L-shaped, cap-shaped and other cross-sectional shapes. The Z-shaped section frame structure can be widely applied due to the advantages of high structural efficiency, low quality detection difficulty and the like.
The current method for forming the frame-shaped structure of the composite material is a thermal diaphragm forming process. The forming method is to combine an automatic tape laying technology and a diaphragm forming technology, firstly lay a prepreg tape laminate by using an automatic tape laying device, then transfer the prepreg tape laminate to a diaphragm machine forming machine, cover a high-ductility diaphragm on the surface of the prepreg tape laminate, and completely attach the prepreg tape laminate to a curved surface die to form a required structure by utilizing the action of vacuum negative pressure and heating equipment.
The molding equipment of the common composite material frame-shaped structure cannot obtain good molding quality and working efficiency, and is not suitable for a large-thickness Z-shaped composite material ring frame.
Therefore, how to develop and improve the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art is the objective of the related industry, and the present application is proposed by the designer of the present application based on the idea of creation and design with years of experience, through many studies and trials of sample tests, and many modifications and improvements.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve one or more of the technical problems, the application provides a wire laying device for a ring frame composite material part and a working method thereof.
In one aspect, the invention provides a wire laying device for a ring frame composite material part,
the device comprises a fixed frame, a rotary table which is rotatably arranged on the fixed frame, a plurality of ring frame molds which are opposite to the fixed rotary table, a wire laying mechanism which is opposite to the fixed frame, and a local pressure applying mechanism which is opposite to the fixed frame;
the fiber laying mechanism comprises 0-degree fiber laying heads and a plurality of non-0-degree fiber laying heads, wherein the 0-degree fiber laying heads are used for laying the prepreg tapes in the same direction of the fiber distribution direction and the ring frame extension direction, and the non-0-degree fiber laying heads are used for laying the prepreg tapes in different directions of the fiber distribution direction and the ring frame extension direction.
The automatic ring frame composite material forming machine can automatically lay a plurality of ring frame composite material parts at one time, and greatly improves the forming quality and the forming efficiency of the complex structure. In order to simplify the production line structure and reduce the mechanism control difficulty, a basic configuration that the die rotates and reciprocates and the wire laying mechanism is fixed is adopted.
In some embodiments, the non-0 degree fiber placement head comprises a 90 degree fiber placement head having a fiber distribution direction perpendicular to the loop extension direction, a 45 degree fiber placement head having a fiber distribution direction at a 45 degree angle to the loop extension direction, and a-45 degree fiber placement head having a fiber distribution direction at a-45 degree angle to the loop extension direction.
In some embodiments, the ring frame composite material part is a Z-shaped ring frame composite material part, and the 0-degree thread paving heads comprise a vertical surface sub thread paving head for paving a vertical surface 0-degree layer, a horizontal surface sub thread paving head for paving a horizontal surface 0-degree layer, and an R-angle area sub thread paving head for paving an R-angle area 0-degree layer.
In some embodiments, the vertical surface sub-thread laying head comprises a sliding table connected with the fixed frame, two pressure roller connecting frames in sliding fit with the sliding table, an upper vertical surface laying pressure roller fixed on one of the two pressure roller connecting frames, and a lower vertical surface laying pressure roller fixed on the other of the two pressure roller connecting frames, wherein the upper vertical surface laying pressure roller and the lower vertical surface laying pressure roller are matched with two vertical surfaces of the Z-shaped ring frame composite material workpiece in a one-to-one correspondence mode.
In some embodiments, the horizontal sub-fiber laying head comprises a horizontal laying head mounting plate which is matched and connected with the fixed rack, the horizontal laying head mounting plate is provided with a horizontal laying head compression roller connecting frame, and the horizontal laying head compression roller connecting frame is provided with a horizontal laying head compression roller matched with the Z-shaped ring frame composite material workpiece.
In some embodiments, the R-corner sub-filament laying head includes an external corner press roll for external corner surface laying of the R-corner region, an internal corner press roll for internal corner surface laying of the R-corner region, an R-corner laying head mounting plate mounted to the fixed frame, and two R-corner laying head roll connection frames disposed on the R-corner laying head mounting plate and used for mounting the external corner press roll and the internal corner press roll.
In some embodiments, the non-0 degree fiber placement head comprises a fiber placement head mounting plate arranged on the fixed frame, and a fiber placement head rotary connecting frame capable of being mounted on the fiber placement head mounting plate according to different fiber placement angles, wherein the fiber placement head rotary connecting frame is provided with a prepreg tape barrel, a release paper winding shaft for taking back release paper, a clamping mechanism for realizing a function of clamping the prepreg tape, a guide groove for guiding the prepreg tape stripped from the release paper into the clamping mechanism, a prepreg tape cutter arranged between the guide groove and the clamping mechanism, and a compacting mechanism for compacting the prepreg tape on the surface of the ring frame mold.
In some embodiments, the clamping mechanism comprises a guide post, a sliding mounting table slidably mounted on the guide post, and an elastic device providing the sliding mounting table with an upward movement tendency, wherein the sliding mounting table is provided with a clamping auxiliary roller with a rotation shaft position fixed relatively, a clamping auxiliary pressing roller movably arranged with the rotation shaft position, and the sliding mounting table is provided with a guide rail part providing a rotation shaft moving section for clamping the auxiliary pressing roller.
In some embodiments, the compaction mechanism includes a bottom press block for holding down the bottom prepreg tape and a compaction roller for compacting the prepreg tape against the surface of the ring frame mold.
In some embodiments, the non-0 degree fiber placement head further comprises a transverse stretching mechanism, the transverse stretching mechanism comprises a plurality of arc rollers arranged along the movement direction of the prepreg tape and a rotating arc roller driving device for driving each arc roller, each arc roller is an arc pair roller, each arc single roller in the arc pair rollers comprises an inner arc frame and a structure for sleeving an outer flexible roller surface of the inner arc frame, a plurality of bearings are arranged between the inner arc frame and the outer flexible roller surface, and the radian of the plurality of arc rollers is gradually increased in the movement direction of the prepreg tape.
In some embodiments, further comprising a length sensor disposed on the prepreg tape cartridge for measuring the length of the prepreg tape,
the device also comprises a processor which is in signal connection with the length measuring sensor, the driving mechanism of the compacting mechanism, the driving mechanism of the clamping mechanism, the driving mechanism of the rotary table and the control mechanism of the prepreg tape cutter.
On the other hand, the application also provides a working method of the wire laying equipment for the ring frame composite material part,
comprises a 0-degree silk laying procedure, a non-0-degree silk laying procedure and a rotary table position adjusting procedure;
wherein, the non-0 degree fiber-laying process comprises the following steps in sequence:
pre-conveying the prepreg tape; the prepreg tape cylinder, the release paper recovery cylinder and the length counting sensor are matched with a prepreg tape with a preset length,
clamping and cutting the prepreg tape; the bottom pressing block of the compacting mechanism compacts the tail end of the prepreg tape on one side of the surface of the ring frame die, the clamping auxiliary pressing roller is tightly attached to the clamping auxiliary roller to clamp the top end of the prepreg tape, the prepreg tape cutter finishes the cutting of the prepreg tape,
laying and compacting the prepreg tape; the compacting roller compacts the pre-impregnated tape in the outline surface of the ring frame mould in a laying mode, the bottom pressing block leaves the surface of the ring frame mould,
repeating the pre-soaking material belt pre-feeding step;
adjusting the position of the rotary table; the function of circulation operation of the circular frame die in a plurality of stations is provided, and/or the position movement of the circular frame die is provided when the silk paving process is executed.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a wire laying equipment for a ring frame composite material part according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a Z-shaped ring frame composite article;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a 0-degree filament spreading head of the filament spreading equipment for the ring frame composite material part provided by the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a vertical surface sub-filament spreading head of a 0-degree filament spreading head of the filament spreading equipment for the ring frame composite material part provided by the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a horizontal sub-filament laying head of a 0-degree filament laying head of the filament laying equipment for ring frame composite material parts, provided by the invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of an R-angle sub-filament-laying head of a 0-degree filament-laying head of the filament-laying equipment for ring-frame composite material parts, provided by the invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a non-0-degree filament spreading head of the filament spreading equipment for the ring-frame composite material part provided by the invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a transverse widening mechanism of a non-0-degree wire laying head of an embodiment of a wire laying equipment for a ring frame composite material part provided by the invention;
FIG. 9 is a flow chart of laying of non-0 degree plies of the wire laying equipment for ring frame composite material workpieces provided by the invention.
Detailed Description
As shown in figure 1, the invention provides a wire laying device for a ring frame composite material part, which comprises a fixed rack 7,
A rotary table 1 rotatably mounted on the fixed frame 7,
A plurality of ring frame moulds 21 fixed relatively to the rotary table 1,
Thread laying mechanism relatively fixed on fixed frame 7 and
a local pressure applying mechanism 6 fixed relatively to the fixed frame 7;
the fiber laying mechanism comprises a 0-degree fiber laying head 2 with the fiber distribution direction in the same direction as the extension direction of the ring frame and a plurality of non-0-degree fiber laying heads with the fiber distribution direction different from the extension direction of the ring frame.
The automatic ring frame composite material forming machine can automatically lay a plurality of ring frame composite material parts at one time, and greatly improves the forming quality and the forming efficiency of the complex structure. In order to simplify the production line structure and reduce the mechanism control difficulty, a basic configuration that the die rotates and reciprocates and the wire laying mechanism is fixed is adopted.
The rotary table 1 is rotatably arranged on the fixed frame 7; the circular frame die 21 configured on the rotary table 1 can rotate in a reciprocating manner, and a structural foundation is laid for compact configuration of the wire laying mechanism, monitoring of wire laying quality and continuity of construction operation.
The rotary table 1 is rotatably arranged on the fixed frame 7; specifically, the fixed frame 1 is preferably provided with an arc-shaped guide rail, and the rotary table 1 is arranged in a manner of being matched with the arc-shaped guide rail;
the rotary table 1 is provided with a ring frame mold 21; specifically, the number of the ring frame molds 21 that the turntable 1 is preferably configured with may be selected according to the radian of the ring frame molds 21 and the working environment, and in the embodiment of fig. 1, the turntable 1 is configured with three ring frame molds 21, so that 3 ring frames can be automatically stacked at one time.
The local pressing mechanism 6 is used for interlaminar compaction of the prepreg tape, specifically, the local pressing mechanism 6 comprises a plurality of groups of rubber rollers and a plurality of cylinders for driving the rubber rollers, and the pressing pressure of a single roller is preferably 100-500N.
The distribution directions of a plurality of fibers of the non-0-degree fiber laying heads are different from the extension direction of the ring frame, and the selection of the distribution directions of the fibers is configured according to the structural strength requirement of the ring frame composite material part.
By way of example, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the non-0 degree fiber placement head comprises
A 90-degree filament laying head 3 with the fiber distribution direction vertical to the extension direction of the ring frame,
A 45-degree fiber laying head 4 with the fiber distribution direction and the extension direction of the ring frame forming an included angle of 45 degrees, and
the fiber distribution direction and the extension direction of the ring frame form a-45-degree fiber laying head 5 with an included angle of-45 degrees.
Specifically, for example, in the embodiment of fig. 1, 0-degree filament spreading heads 2, 90-degree filament spreading heads 3, 45-degree filament spreading heads 4, 45-degree filament spreading heads 5 and local pressure applying mechanisms 6 are arranged at 3 stations of the filament spreading equipment for the ring-frame composite material.
Of course, other angles or numbers of non-0 degree filament-laying heads are also within the scope of the present application.
Further, a Z-shaped ring frame composite material product is a typical ring frame composite material product, and its cross-sectional view is shown in fig. 2, which has two vertical planes, a horizontal plane and two R-angle regions (an external angle and an internal angle).
In order to improve the production efficiency of the Z-shaped ring frame composite material part, the following typical wire laying head is designed. And a plurality of groups of the Z-shaped composite material ring frames are uniformly distributed on the whole annular production line, so that a plurality of Z-shaped composite material ring frames can be automatically laid and formed at the same time.
As shown in FIG. 3, the 0-degree thread laying head comprises a vertical surface sub-thread laying head 2-1 for laying and pasting a vertical surface 0-degree layer, a horizontal surface sub-thread laying head 2-2 for laying and pasting a horizontal surface 0-degree layer, and an R-angle area sub-thread laying head 2-3 for laying and pasting a R-angle area 0-degree layer.
For 0 degree ply (ply along the length direction of the ring frame), the compaction of the prepreg tape in the R-angle area cannot be completed by a single compression roller due to the deformation capacity of the compression roller. The 0 degree shop's silk head 2 of this application has contained three sub shop's silk head, and three cooperation work accomplishes the 0 degree shop of Z shape ring frame and stacks.
The R-angle region filament-laying heads 2-3 are preferably formed by laying prepreg tows (such as 6.35mm in width). The 0 degree ply has in-plane bends and R-angle regions. In order to avoid buckling of fibers caused by excessive in-plane bending deformation of the fibers in the prepreg tape, and to ensure compaction of the prepreg tape in the R-angle area and avoid bridging, the angular ply is preferably laid by adopting an automatic filament laying process.
The vertical surface sub-thread laying head 2-1 and the horizontal surface sub-thread laying head 2-2 can be formed by laying threads in a pre-impregnated narrow band (such as the width of 12.7-24.5 mm). The molding efficiency is improved.
The vertical surface laying head 2-1 is preferably of a structure shown in figure 4 and comprises a mounting plate 9 connected with a fixed rack 7, two compression roller connecting frames 10-1 matched with the mounting plate 9, an upper vertical surface laying compression roller 2-1-1 fixed on one of the two compression roller connecting frames 10-1 and a lower vertical surface laying compression roller 2-1-2 fixed on the other one of the two compression roller connecting frames 10-1, wherein the upper vertical surface laying compression roller 2-1-1 and the lower vertical surface laying compression roller 2-1-2 are matched with two vertical surfaces of the Z-shaped ring frame composite material workpiece in a one-to-one correspondence mode.
Further, the mounting plate 7-1 is disposed between the mounting plates 9 connected to the fixed frame 7.
The vertical surface 0-degree fiber laying head compression roller connecting frame can be adjusted in a certain range (moving stroke is 10mm) along the vertical direction, so that the concentration of splicing of adjacent fiber bundles in a 0-degree laying layer in the thickness direction is avoided.
As a further improvement of the adjustment in the up-down direction, the mounting plate 9 can be provided with a plurality of mounting positions with different heights, and the compression roller connecting frame 10-1 is mounted at a certain mounting position according to the process requirement.
As another improvement of the vertical adjustment, one of the mounting plate 9 and the press roll connecting frame 10-1 is provided with at least a slide rail which slides in the vertical direction, one of the mounting plate 9 and the press roll connecting frame 10-1 is provided with a slide groove which is matched with the slide rail, and the mounting plate 9 or the press roll connecting frame 10-1 is provided with a fastening nut which is used for positioning the mounting plate 9 and the press roll connecting frame 10-1 at the position required by the process.
The horizontal surface sub-thread laying head 2-2 is preferably of a structure shown in figure 5 and comprises a horizontal surface laying thread laying head mounting plate 7-2 connected with a fixed rack 7, the horizontal surface laying thread laying head mounting plate 7-2 is provided with a horizontal surface thread laying head press roll connecting frame 10-2, and the horizontal surface laying thread laying head press roll connecting frame 10-2 is provided with a horizontal surface laying head press roll 2-2-1 matched with the horizontal surface of the Z-shaped ring frame composite material part;
similarly, in order to avoid concentration of adjacent strand piece seams in different 0-degree layers on a horizontal plane in the thickness direction, the position of the connecting frame 10-2 can be adjusted within a certain range on the horizontal plane layer laying head mounting plate 7-2 along the diameter direction of the ring frame.
The connecting frame 10-2 is adjusted in a certain range along the diameter direction of the ring frame die on the horizontal plane laying and thread laying head mounting plate 7-2, and a similar implementation mode of matching of multiple mounting positions or sliding grooves of sliding rails between the mounting plate 9 and the compression roller connecting frame 10-1 can be adopted, which is not described in detail.
As shown in fig. 6, the R-corner sub-laying head 2-3 includes an external corner press roll 2-3-1 for external corner surface laying in the R-corner region, an internal corner press roll 2-3-2 for internal corner surface laying in the R-corner region, an R-corner laying head mounting plate 7-3 mounted to the fixing frame 7, and two R-corner laying head roll connecting frames 10-3 disposed on the R-corner laying head mounting plate 7-3 and used to mount the external corner press roll 2-3-1 and the internal corner press roll 2-3-2.
In order to adapt to the wire laying of the ring frames with different R angles, the press rollers used by the wire laying heads in the R angle area are detachably arranged. Furthermore, the external corner press roll 2-3-1, the internal corner press roll 2-3-2 and the R corner area fiber laying head press roll connecting frame 10-3 are detachably arranged.
For the Z-shaped ring frame composite material with the rotation diameter of 2500-3000mm, the 90/45-degree paving is preferably carried out by paving the 90/45-degree paving by using common wide prepreg tapes with the width of 150mm/300mm and the like.
When the annular structure is laid by using the prepreg tape with a certain width from inside to outside, gaps can be formed between two adjacent prepreg tapes along with the increasing of the radius. In order to avoid the gap, the prepreg tape after peeling the backing paper is subjected to deformation roller or gradual widening, and width change caused by radius change is compensated, so that full paving of the paving layer is realized.
Specifically, in the embodiment shown in fig. 7, the non-0 degree spreading head comprises a spreading head mounting plate 7-4 arranged on the fixed frame 7, and a spreading head rotary connecting frame 10-4 which can be arranged on the spreading head mounting plate 7-4 according to different spreading angles,
the silk spreading head rotary connecting frame 10-4 is provided with a prepreg tape cylinder 11, a release paper winding shaft 13 for taking back release paper, a clamping mechanism for clamping the prepreg tape, a guide groove 16 for guiding the prepreg tape stripped from the release paper into the clamping mechanism, a prepreg tape cutter 17 arranged between the guide groove 16 and the clamping mechanism, and a compacting mechanism for compacting the prepreg tape on the surface of the ring frame mold 21.
Different wire laying angles can be achieved only by rotating the wire laying head rotating connecting frame 10-4 to a target angle.
The clamping mechanism comprises a guide post, a sliding mounting table 18-3 which is slidably mounted on the guide post and an elastic device for providing the sliding mounting table 18-3 with upward movement tendency,
the sliding installation table 18-3 is provided with a clamping auxiliary roller 18-1 with a relatively fixed rotating shaft position and a clamping auxiliary press roller 18-2 movably arranged with the rotating shaft position,
the slide mount 18-3 is provided with a guide rail portion for providing a movable section of the rotation shaft for holding the auxiliary press roller 18-2.
The clamping auxiliary press roller 18-2 is preferably driven by an air cylinder, and the clamping auxiliary press roller 18-1 is tightly attached to the clamping auxiliary press roller 18-2 in the air-supply state of the air cylinder, so that the cut prepreg tape is clamped, and the clamping of the prepreg tape is realized.
In order to ensure that the prepreg tape of the clamping section has tension all the time during laying, the sliding installation table 18-3 installed on the auxiliary clamping roller 18-1 and the auxiliary clamping roller 18-2 has a tendency of moving upwards under the action of an elastic device (for example, a scheme that a guide pillar is sleeved with a pre-compression spring is adopted), so that a certain tension can be applied to the prepreg tape of the clamping section, and meanwhile, the length of the clamping section of the prepreg tape can be automatically adjusted along with continuous laying of wires.
The compacting mechanism includes a bottom press block 20-1 for compressing and fixing the bottom prepreg tape
And a compaction roller 20-2 for compacting the prepreg tape in the ring frame mold 21.
The compaction roller 20-2 is movable along the contour of the ring frame mould to compact the prepreg tape against the mould surface.
Furthermore, the bottom pressing block 20-1 and the compacting roller 20-2 are preferably both flexible rubber rollers,
further, the compacting mechanism preferably further comprises a bottom compact driving cylinder for driving the bottom compact 20-1, and a compacting roller driving cylinder for driving the compacting roller 20-2.
As shown in fig. 8, in the fiber spreading equipment for the ring frame composite material part provided by the present invention, the non-0 degree fiber spreading head further includes a transverse stretching mechanism, and the transverse stretching mechanism is located between the holding mechanism and the compacting mechanism along the movement direction of the prepreg tape.
The method is used for transversely widening the cut backing-free prepreg tape step by step, and widening the prepreg tape in advance according to the actual filament laying position during filament laying so as to compensate for the gap increasing along with the radius. (the preferred case of 90/+ -45 degree plies are laid down diametrically from the inside to the outside of the Z-shaped ring frame).
Furthermore, the transverse widening mechanism comprises a plurality of arc-shaped rollers 19-1 arranged along the moving direction of the prepreg tape and an arc-shaped roller driving device 19-2 for driving the arc-shaped rollers 19-1 to rotate.
Under the action of tension, the unidirectional prepreg tape generates certain transverse deformation after deformation, and transverse widening of the prepreg tape is realized. The transverse widening mechanism can adjust the width of the prepreg tape on line, the required change of the prepreg tape width along with the increase of the radius is compensated in 90/+/-45-degree paving, and the forming quality and the forming efficiency of the complex structure are improved to a great extent.
Each arc-shaped roller 19-1 is preferably in an arc-shaped double-roller structure form and has a good shaping effect.
Each arc single roller of the two arc pair rollers is suitable to adopt a structure that an inner arc frame is sleeved with an outer flexible roller surface, and a plurality of bearings are arranged between the inner arc frame and the outer flexible roller surface.
The plurality of arc-shaped rollers 19-1 have gradually increased radian in the moving direction of the prepreg tape.
The prepreg tape is gradually widened by the multistage arc-shaped rollers 19-1 under the action of certain tension so as to realize compensation of the gap increasing along with the radius.
The wire laying equipment for the ring frame composite material part also comprises
A length measuring sensor 15 for measuring the length of the prepreg tape. A length measuring sensor 15 is disposed on the prepreg tape drum 11;
the wire laying equipment for the ring frame composite material part further comprises a processor 8 which is in signal connection with the length measuring sensor 15, the driving mechanism of the compacting mechanism, the driving mechanism of the clamping mechanism, the driving mechanism of the rotary table 1 and the control mechanism of the prepreg tape cutter 17.
The processor is suitable for various UMAC controllers, and the upper computer realizes data storage, motion planning and the like.
In the actual working process, according to the laying design requirement, designing a corresponding thread laying program, and selecting a working thread laying head to finish the manufacture of the ring frame composite material part.
Further, the wire laying equipment for the ring frame composite material part further comprises a wire laying quality detection mechanism in signal connection with the processor 8.
On the other hand, the invention also provides a working method of the wire laying equipment for the ring frame composite material part, which comprises a 0-degree wire laying process, a non-0-degree wire laying process and a rotary table position adjusting step;
wherein, the non-0 degree fiber-laying process comprises the following steps in sequence:
pre-conveying the prepreg tape; the prepreg tape cylinder 11, the release paper recovery cylinder 13 and the length measuring sensor 15 are matched with a prepreg tape with a preset length,
clamping and cutting the prepreg tape; the bottom pressing block 20-1 of the compacting mechanism compacts the tail end of the prepreg tape on one side of the surface of the ring frame mould 21, the clamping auxiliary pressing roller 18-2 is tightly attached to the clamping auxiliary roller 18-1 to clamp the top end of the prepreg tape, the prepreg tape cutter 17 finishes the cutting of the prepreg tape,
laying and compacting the prepreg tape; the compacting roller 20-2 is used for laying and compacting the prepreg tape on the contour surface of the ring frame mold 21, the bottom pressing block 20-1 is separated from the surface of the ring frame mold 21,
repeating the pre-soaking material belt pre-feeding step;
adjusting the position of the rotary table; the function of providing the circular frame die 21 to circulate in a plurality of stations and/or the position movement of the circular frame die 21 when the wire laying process is executed is provided.
In the step of laying and compacting the prepreg tapes, the compacting roller 20-2 compacts the prepreg tape laying yarns on the contour surface of the ring frame mold 21, and the method comprises the steps that the compacting roller 20-2 lays the prepreg tapes on the contour surface of the ring frame mold 21, the clamping mechanism continuously moves downwards along with the laying yarns, when the prepreg tape clamping mechanism reaches a lower limit position, the clamping mechanism gives up clamping and resets, and the prepreg tapes of the residual free sections are continuously compacted on the contour surface of the ring frame mold 21 under the action of the compacting roller 20-2.
The clamping mechanism abandons clamping, and in the case of adopting a pneumatic mechanism for the clamping auxiliary pressing roller 18-2, the air cylinder can be selected to exhaust air to realize abandoning clamping.
In an embodiment with a widening means, the laying process further comprises a transverse widening step before the prepreg tape laying compaction step;
selecting the working time of a prepreg tape transverse widening mechanism according to the prepreg tape widths required by different positions to transversely widen the prepreg tape;
according to the silk spreading method provided by the invention, 90-degree and +/-45-degree layers are automatically spread by adopting a tape spreading mode, and the wide prepreg tape (such as 150mm) is spread and pasted by the processes of precutting, transverse deformation and hot-pressing silk spreading.
When the device works, the rotary table 1 does circular motion, and the sub-fiber laying heads of the 0-degree laying layer work cooperatively to complete the 0-degree laying layer laying of the Z-shaped ring frame. The ply lay-up flow of the non-0 degree laying head is shown in figure 9.
In the thermal diaphragm forming process, when the existing flat plate lamination deforms in a curvature change mode, slippage deformation among prepreg tape layers and fiber wrinkles can occur. The molding process is also not ideal for forming the female corner of a Z-shaped ring frame member, for example. In addition, the forming process is not suitable for a thick-layer plate, and the die pressing deformation forming process developed on the basis of the thermal diaphragm converts vacuum negative pressure of the thermal diaphragm into mechanical pressure and is suitable for deformation of the thick-layer plate. However, the cross-sectional dimension of the component with double-curved features, such as the Z-shaped ring frame, is changed, and when the flat-deformation-profiling process is adopted, the accumulation of redundant materials and the corrugation of fibers are necessarily caused. The automatic forming equipment of the frame-shaped structure provided by the application provides independent thread laying heads for each forming working section, and combines an integral operation process, so that the technical problem is well solved.
Up to this point, the present embodiment has been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. From the above description, one skilled in the art should clearly recognize the present application.
It is to be noted that, in the attached drawings or in the description, the implementation modes not shown or described are all the modes known by the ordinary skilled person in the field of technology, and are not described in detail. Furthermore, the above definitions of the various elements and methods are not limited to the specific structures, shapes, or configurations shown in the examples.
It is also noted that the illustrations herein may provide examples of parameters that include particular values, but that these parameters need not be exactly equal to the corresponding values, but may be approximated to the corresponding values within acceptable error tolerances or design constraints. Directional phrases used in the embodiments, such as "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", etc., refer only to the orientation of the drawings and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application. In addition, unless steps are specifically described or must occur in sequence, the order of the steps is not limited to that listed above and may be changed or rearranged as desired by the desired design. The embodiments described above may be mixed and matched with each other or with other embodiments based on design and reliability considerations, i.e., technical features in different embodiments may be freely combined to form further embodiments.
The above-mentioned embodiments are further described in detail for the purpose of illustrating the invention, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only illustrative of the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (12)
1. The wire laying equipment for the ring frame composite material workpiece is characterized in that,
comprises a fixed frame (7),
A rotary table (1) rotatably mounted on the fixed frame (7),
A plurality of ring frame moulds (21) relatively fixing the rotary table (1),
Relative fixed frame (7) spread silk mechanism, and
a local pressure mechanism (6) fixed relatively to the fixed frame (7);
the fiber laying mechanism comprises a 0-degree fiber laying head (2) with the fiber distribution direction being the same as the extension direction of the ring frame and a plurality of non-0-degree fiber laying heads with the fiber distribution direction being different from the extension direction of the ring frame;
the non-0-degree wire laying head comprises a clamping mechanism for clamping the prepreg tape,
A compacting mechanism for compacting the prepreg tape on the surface of the ring frame mould (21), and,
and the transverse stretching mechanism is positioned between the clamping mechanism and the compacting mechanism in the moving direction of the prepreg tape.
2. The wire laying equipment for the ring-frame composite material part according to claim 1, wherein; the non-0 degree fiber laying head comprises
A 90-degree filament spreading head (3) with the fiber distribution direction vertical to the extension direction of the ring frame,
A 45-degree wire laying head (4) with an included angle of 45 degrees between the fiber distribution direction and the extension direction of the ring frame, and
a-45-degree thread laying head (5) with an included angle of-45 degrees between the fiber distribution direction and the extension direction of the ring frame.
3. The automatic wire laying and forming equipment for the ring frame composite material according to claim 1, wherein the ring frame composite material part is a Z-shaped ring frame composite material part,
the 0-degree thread laying head comprises a vertical surface sub-thread laying head (2-1) for laying and pasting a vertical surface 0-degree layer, a horizontal surface sub-thread laying head (2-2) for laying and pasting a horizontal surface 0-degree layer, and an R-angle area sub-thread laying head (2-3) for laying and pasting an R-angle area 0-degree layer.
4. The wire laying equipment for the ring frame composite material part according to claim 3,
the vertical surface sub-spreading thread head (2-1) comprises a sliding table (9) connected with a fixed rack (7), two compression roller connecting frames (10-1) in sliding fit with the sliding table (9), an upper vertical surface spreading compression roller (2-1-1) fixed on one of the two compression roller connecting frames (10-1), and a lower vertical surface spreading compression roller (2-1-2) fixed on the other of the two compression roller connecting frames (10-1), wherein the upper vertical surface spreading compression roller (2-1-1) and the lower vertical surface spreading compression roller (2-1-2) are matched with two vertical surfaces of the Z-shaped ring frame composite material workpiece in a one-to-one correspondence mode.
5. A ring frame composite product wirelaying apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that the horizontal sub wirelaying head (2-2) comprises
A horizontal surface laying and thread laying head mounting plate (7-2) which is matched and connected with the fixed frame (7),
a horizontal surface laying thread laying head mounting plate (7-2) is provided with a horizontal surface thread laying head compression roller connecting frame (10-2), an
And a horizontal surface laying and threading head press roller (2-2-1) matched with the Z-shaped ring frame composite material part is arranged on the horizontal surface laying and threading head press roller connecting frame (10-2).
6. The wire laying equipment for the ring frame composite material part according to claim 3,
the R-angle area sub-filament laying head (2-3) comprises an external corner pressing roller (2-3-1) for laying an external corner surface of the R-angle area, an internal corner pressing roller (2-3-2) for laying an internal corner surface of the R-angle area, a filament laying head for laying a filament, a filament laying head,
An R-angle area laying head mounting plate (7-3) arranged on the fixed frame (7), and
two R-angle area thread laying head press roll connecting frames (10-3) which are arranged on the R-angle area thread laying head mounting plate (7-3) and used for mounting the male angle press roll (2-3-1) and the female angle press roll (2-3-2).
7. The ring-frame composite product wire laying equipment according to claim 1, wherein the non-0-degree wire laying head comprises a wire laying head mounting plate (7-4) arranged on the fixed frame (7), and
a silk spreading head rotary connecting frame (10-4) which can be arranged on the silk spreading head mounting plate (7-4) according to different silk spreading angles,
the filament spreading head rotary connecting frame (10-4) is provided with a prepreg tape barrel (11),
A release paper winding shaft (13) for recovering the release paper,
A guide groove (16) for guiding the prepreg tape stripped from the release paper into the clamping mechanism, and
and a prepreg tape cutter (17) disposed between the guide groove (16) and the clamping mechanism.
8. The wire laying equipment for the ring frame composite material part according to claim 7,
the clamping mechanism comprises a guide post, a sliding mounting table (18-3) which is slidably mounted on the guide post and an elastic device which provides the sliding mounting table (18-3) with upward movement tendency,
the sliding installation table (18-3) is provided with a clamping auxiliary roller (18-1) with a relatively fixed rotating shaft position and a clamping auxiliary press roller (18-2) movably arranged with the rotating shaft position,
the sliding installation table (18-3) is provided with a guide rail part for clamping a rotating shaft moving section of the auxiliary press roller (18-2).
9. The wire laying equipment for the ring frame composite material part according to claim 8,
the compacting mechanism comprises a bottom press block (20-1) for pressing and fixing the bottom prepreg tape, an
A compacting roller (20-2) for compacting the prepreg tape on the surface of the ring frame mould (21).
10. The wire laying equipment for the ring frame composite material part according to claim 9,
the transverse stretching mechanism comprises a plurality of arc-shaped rollers (19-1) arranged along the moving direction of the prepreg tape and a rotating arc-shaped roller driving device (19-2) for driving each arc-shaped deformation roller (19-1), each arc-shaped roller (19-1) is an arc-shaped pair roller, each arc-shaped single roller in each arc-shaped pair roller comprises an inner arc-shaped frame and an outer flexible roller surface sleeved with the inner arc-shaped frame, a plurality of bearings are arranged between the inner arc-shaped frame and the outer flexible roller surface, and the radian of the plurality of arc-shaped rollers (19-1) is gradually increased in the moving direction of the prepreg tape.
11. The wire laying equipment for the ring frame composite material part according to claim 10,
further comprising a length sensor (15) arranged in the prepreg tape cartridge (11) for measuring the length of the prepreg tape,
the device also comprises a processor (8) which is in signal connection with the length measuring sensor (15), the driving mechanism of the compacting mechanism, the driving mechanism of the clamping mechanism, the driving mechanism of the rotary table (1) and the control mechanism of the prepreg tape cutter (17).
12. The method for operating the wire laying equipment for the ring frame composite material products according to claim 11,
comprises a 0-degree silk laying procedure, a non-0-degree silk laying procedure and a rotary table position adjusting procedure;
wherein, the non-0 degree fiber-laying process comprises the following steps in sequence:
pre-conveying the prepreg tape; a prepreg tape cylinder (11), a release paper winding shaft (13) and a length counting sensor (15) are matched with a prepreg tape with a preset length,
clamping and cutting the prepreg tape; the bottom pressing block (20-1) of the compacting mechanism compacts the tail end of the prepreg tape on one side of the surface of the ring frame mould (21), the clamping auxiliary pressing roller (18-2) is tightly attached to the clamping auxiliary roller (18-1) to clamp the top end of the prepreg tape, the prepreg tape cutter (17) finishes the cutting of the prepreg tape,
laying and compacting the prepreg tape; the compacting roller (20-2) compacts the prepreg tape by laying thread on the contour surface of the ring frame mould (21), the bottom pressing block (20-1) leaves the surface of the ring frame mould (21),
repeating the pre-soaking material belt pre-feeding step;
adjusting the position of the rotary table; the function of providing the circular frame die (21) to circulate in a plurality of stations and/or the position movement of the circular frame die (21) when the wire laying process is executed is provided.
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| CN111746005B (en) * | 2019-03-27 | 2024-09-24 | 南京诺尔泰复合材料设备制造有限公司 | Variable-curvature continuous reinforced plastic fiber pultrusion equipment and processing method thereof |
| CN111844809B (en) * | 2020-08-17 | 2024-06-18 | 沈阳飞机工业（集团）有限公司 | Composite material C-shaped frame auxiliary laying tool and application method thereof |
| CN112180720B (en) * | 2020-09-08 | 2022-03-15 | 武汉大学 | Fiber placement process parameter model construction method and system based on simulation learning |
| CN113232205B (en) * | 2021-05-21 | 2023-07-07 | 中国电子科技集团公司第十四研究所 | Carbon fiber transfer frame die and integral forming method thereof |
| CN114311728A (en) * | 2021-10-29 | 2022-04-12 | 航天材料及工艺研究所 | Negative curvature composite material grid structural member and forming method thereof |
| CN114161740B (en) * | 2021-12-06 | 2024-08-09 | 山东中恒景新碳纤维科技发展有限公司 | Automatic detection wire laying head, wire laying machine and wire laying method thereof |
| CN114474784B (en) * | 2022-01-19 | 2023-07-18 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | Method and device for preparing micron-sized regularly-arranged fiber tows |
| CN115008785B (en) * | 2022-06-27 | 2023-08-22 | 中航复合材料有限责任公司 | Compaction device suitable for Z-shaped composite material fuselage bulkhead blank |
| CN115674723B (en) * | 2022-10-27 | 2023-08-01 | 中国航空制造技术研究院 | Quick change device and shop silk machine |
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