CN111136312A - Zirconia ceramic flat-end mill - Google Patents
Zirconia ceramic flat-end mill Download PDFInfo
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- CN111136312A CN111136312A CN202010034072.3A CN202010034072A CN111136312A CN 111136312 A CN111136312 A CN 111136312A CN 202010034072 A CN202010034072 A CN 202010034072A CN 111136312 A CN111136312 A CN 111136312A
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- spiral
- blade
- zirconia ceramic
- end mill
- cutter
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C5/00—Milling-cutters
- B23C5/02—Milling-cutters characterised by the shape of the cutter
- B23C5/10—Shank-type cutters, i.e. with an integral shaft
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C2226/00—Materials of tools or workpieces not comprising a metal
- B23C2226/18—Ceramic
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Abstract
The invention discloses a zirconia ceramic flat-end mill which is made by grinding zirconia ceramic and comprises a guide part, a handle part, a clearance and a cutting edge part, wherein the guide part, the handle part, the clearance and the cutting edge part are sequentially connected from right to left, the handle part is used for installing a cutter and a cutter handle, the cutting edge part comprises a plurality of spiral rear cutter faces and spiral blades, the spiral blades are connected with each other through spiral grooves, an end blade is arranged at the end part of the cutting edge part and corresponds to the spiral blade, a polishing blade with a 0-degree concave angle is arranged at the end blade, the front angle of the peripheral blade of the flat-end mill is 2-6 degrees, the rear angle of the peripheral blade is an arc rear angle. The zirconia ceramic flat-end mill provided by the invention has the advantages that the small front angle, the large core thickness and the flat edge are provided, the zirconia ceramic has lower chemical affinity, the zirconia ceramic flat-end mill is more difficult to oxidize and diffuse and wear when a graphite material is processed at a high speed, the cutting edge is sharp and smooth, the service life of the cutter is longer, and the processing precision of a product can be ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of numerical control milling cutters, and particularly relates to a zirconia ceramic flat-end milling cutter.
Background
With the rapid development of the nuclear energy industry, the demand of high-performance and high-temperature-resistant materials is increased, the temperature inside a nuclear reactor is very high and can reach about 900 ℃, so that the requirement on the high-temperature-resistant performance of the furnace chamber material in the nuclear reactor is very high, and graphite becomes a preferred material for the inner container of the nuclear reactor by virtue of the characteristics of high temperature resistance, high hardness, good electrical conductivity, radiation resistance, corrosion resistance, good heat conduction performance, low cost, processability and the like. The melting point of graphite is 3850 +/-50 ℃, and even if the graphite is burnt by an ultrahigh-temperature electric arc, the weight loss and the thermal expansion coefficient of the graphite are small. The strength of graphite is enhanced with the increase of temperature, and at 2000 ℃, the strength of graphite is doubled. The thermal conductivity of graphite decreases with increasing temperature, and even at extremely high temperatures, graphite becomes a thermal insulator. Therefore, the nuclear power furnace liner is made of graphite materials, deformation of the liner is greatly reduced, and temperature transmission is blocked.
However, due to the characteristics of high temperature resistance and heat conductivity coefficient change of the graphite material, the graphite material has high strength at high temperature, and the heat conductivity coefficient is reduced along with the increase of temperature, so that when the conventional machining milling cutter is used for cutting, the machining area has high temperature, high hardness, poor heat dissipation, quick cutter abrasion, poor precision, low service life, low efficiency and high manufacturing cost.
For the milling process of the graphite inner container, at present, hard alloy and hard alloy plus diamond coating flat end mill are mainly used for processing, as shown in fig. 1-3, the prior end mill has a peripheral edge front angle of 6-12 degrees and a peripheral edge back angle of 15-25 degrees, a concave angle is arranged at an end edge 7, and has no smoothing edge, the core thickness is 50% of the edge diameter, the cutting end edge strength is low, the cutting edge strength of the cutter is low, the rigidity is poor, the edge breaking is easy, the processing life is short, the cutter replacement frequency is high, one-time cutter replacement cannot process one part, multi-process processing is required to complete, the processing requirements cannot be met far, the production efficiency is greatly reduced, the precision of part processing is not high, the workpiece processing surface is rough, the cutting sound is large, the damage to a machine tool and a workpiece is large, and the production cost is high.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a zirconia ceramic flat-head end mill.
In order to achieve the purpose and achieve the technical effect, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a zirconia ceramic flat end milling cutter is made by grinding zirconia ceramic and comprises a guide part, a cylindrical handle part, a clearance and a cutting edge part, wherein the guide part is used for installing guide, the cylindrical handle part is used for installing a cutter and a cutter handle, the clearance and the cutting edge part are sequentially connected from right to left, the cutting edge part is a flat end milling cutter cutting edge and is a part in direct contact with a workpiece, the clearance is used for transition of a cutting edge, the cutting edge part comprises a plurality of spiral rear cutter faces, spiral cutting edges and spiral grooves which are spirally arranged in the circumferential direction, the spiral cutting edges are formed by the spiral rear cutter faces and the spiral grooves and are connected with each other through the spiral grooves, a peripheral edge relief angle is formed by the spiral rear cutter faces, the peripheral edge relief angle is 10-20 degrees, a peripheral edge front angle is formed by the spiral grooves, the peripheral edge front angle is 2-6 degrees, compared with the prior art, the end part of the cutting edge part, the end edge and the spiral cutting edge are intersected to form a tool nose, the flat end milling cutter has large core thickness which is 80% of the diameter of the cutting edge, the rigidity is good, the surface quality of processed graphite is good, the burrs of the cutting edge are effectively removed by adopting a fluid polishing process, and the edge collapse of a processed part can be prevented.
Furthermore, the edge diameter of the flat-end mill is 2-20 mm, the length of the edge part is 1-4 times of the edge diameter, the spiral angle of the flat-end mill cutter is 20-55 degrees, the strength of the flat-end mill during high-speed cutting processing of graphite can be improved, and the service life of the cutter is prolonged.
Further, the number of the spiral cutting edges is 1-8, and the number of the spiral grooves is 1-8.
Furthermore, the spiral groove is arc-shaped, so that a mirror surface effect is achieved when the spiral groove is ground, friction during cutting can be reduced after the groove is polished, and cutting temperature is reduced; and (3) finely polishing the cutting edge of the cutter, precisely grinding the grinding wheel by using D10, and correcting the grinding wheel on line to ensure that the cutting edge achieves a mirror effect.
Further, the angle of the end edge is 174-177 degrees.
Furthermore, the length of the flat-end milling cutter with a 0-degree concave angle is 1-3 mm, and the width of the flat-end milling cutter is 0.1-1 mm.
Furthermore, the angle of the tool nose is 45 degrees, and the size of the tool nose is 0.05-0.2 mm.
Furthermore, the bottom of the end edge Gash is in R arc transition, the end edge Gash is U-shaped, and the front angle of the Gash is 0-10 degrees.
Furthermore, the distance (B value) between the main long blade edges of the end blades is 0.05-0.3 mm, and the distance (C value) between the Gash end blade and the center is-0.3-0 mm.
Furthermore, the end blade and the spiral blade are respectively circular blades with a circular radius R of 0.001-0.02 mm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the zirconia ceramics has high red hardness, the hardness of the zirconia ceramics still reaches HRA80 even at 1200 ℃, and the granularity of the zirconia ceramics is fine, thereby greatly improving the wear resistance of the cutter of the invention;
2. the density of the zirconia ceramic is 6g/cm3The milling cutter is only 1/2 made of hard alloy, so that the zirconia ceramic flat-end milling cutter can meet the requirement of high-speed processing;
3. the zirconia ceramics have high hardness, do not need a coating, and save a large amount of processing cost and raw materials;
4. the friction coefficient of the zirconia ceramic is low and can reach 0.1, and the roughness of the processed surface can reach Ra0.05;
5. the zirconia ceramic has extremely low chemical affinity, is resistant to adhesion, diffusion and oxidation wear, and the ground cutting edge is sharp and smooth, so that the processing precision of the product can be ensured;
6. the zirconium oxide ceramic flat-end milling cutter can be polished, and the problem that in the prior art, the production and manufacturing cost is increased because a cutter with a diamond coating cannot be polished is solved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a prior art end mill;
FIG. 2 is a partial schematic view of a prior art end mill core thickness;
FIG. 3 is a partial schematic view of the peripheral edge rake and relief angles of a prior art end mill;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a left side view of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a partial sectional view of I in FIG. 5 according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a partial sectional view of an end blade of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a partial cutaway view of a wiper blade of the present invention;
wherein, 1-a guide part; 2-a handle; 3-avoiding the space; 4-cutting the blade part; 5-spiral flank face; 6-helical blade; 7-spiral groove; 8-end edge; 9-a smoothing edge; 10-knife point.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings so that the advantages and features of the invention can be more easily understood by those skilled in the art, and the scope of the invention will be clearly and clearly defined.
As shown in fig. 4-8, a zirconia ceramic flat end mill is made by grinding zirconia ceramic, precision grinding is carried out by adopting a ceramic bond diamond grinding wheel, the material is hard and brittle, the toughness is low, the grinding feed speed is 20-30 mm/min, the smoothness of a cutting edge is ensured without a break, the flat end mill comprises a guide part 1 for installing guide, a handle part 2 for installing a cutter and a cutter handle, a clearance 3 and a cutting edge part 4 which are sequentially connected from right to left, the clearance 3 is used for transition of the cutting edge, the cutting edge part 4 is a flat end mill cutting edge and is contacted with a workpiece, the cutting edge part 4 comprises a plurality of spiral rear cutter faces 5, spiral blades 6 and spiral grooves 7 which are spirally arranged in the circumferential direction, the spiral blades 6 are formed by the spiral rear cutter faces 5 and the spiral grooves 7 and are connected with each other by the spiral grooves 7, a peripheral cutting edge relief angle is formed by the spiral rear cutter faces 5, and the peripheral edge, a peripheral edge front angle is formed through a spiral groove 7 and is 2-6 degrees, an end edge 8 is arranged at the position, corresponding to the position of a spiral blade 6, of the end part (top end) of a cutting blade part 4, a finishing edge 9 with a 0-degree concave angle is arranged at the position of the end edge 8, the length of the finishing edge 9 is 1-3 mm, the width of the finishing edge is 0.1-1 mm, the quality of a processed surface can be greatly improved and reaches more than Ra0.05, the end edge 8 and the spiral blade 6 are intersected to form a blade tip 10, the angle of the blade tip is 45 degrees, the size of the blade tip is 0.05-0.2 mm, a small front angle and a large core thickness are adopted for a flat end milling cutter, the core thickness proportion is 80% of the blade diameter, during cutting, the blade edge strength is high, the flat end is not easy to break, the service life of the cutter is long, the blade diameter dc of the flat end.
Spiral blade 6 is equipped with 1 ~ 8, and helicla flute 7 is the circular arc type, and during 7 grindings of helicla flute, reach the mirror surface effect.
The angle of the end blade 8 is 174-177 degrees, the bottom of the end blade 8Gash is in circular arc transition, the shape is U-shaped, the Gash front angle R5 is 0-10 degrees, the distance (B value) between the main long blade edges of the end blade 8 is 0.05-0.3 mm, the distance (C value) from the Gash of the end blade 8 to the center is-0.3-0 mm, the cutting edges of the end blade 8 and the cutting edges of the spiral blade 6 are respectively circular cutting edges, and the circular radius R is 0.001-0.02 mm.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 4-8, a zirconia ceramic flat end mill, which is made by grinding zirconia ceramic, and comprises a guide part 1 for installing guide, a handle part 2 for installing a cutter and a cutter holder, a clearance 3 and a cutting edge part 4 which are connected in sequence from right to left, the flat end mill has 4 edges, 4 spiral cutting edges 6, the clearance 3 is used for cutting edge transition, the cutting edge part 4 is a flat end mill cutting edge and is contacted with a workpiece, the cutting edge part 4 comprises a plurality of spiral rear cutter faces 5 which are spirally arranged along the circumferential direction, spiral cutting edges 6 and spiral grooves 7, the spiral cutting edges 6 are formed by the spiral rear cutter faces 5 and the spiral grooves 7 and are connected with each other through the spiral grooves 7, a peripheral cutting edge relief angle is formed by the spiral rear cutter faces 5, a peripheral cutting edge rake angle is formed by the spiral grooves 7, an end edge 8 is arranged at the end part (top end) of the cutting edge part, the end edge 8 is provided with a 0-degree concave angle smoothing edge 9, and the end edge 8 and the spiral blade 6 are intersected to form a tool nose 10.
The invention designs a front angle, a back angle, an end face finishing edge 9, a core thickness, a B value, a C value and a Gash angle of a cutter in a pertinence manner, specifically, a front angle of a peripheral edge is r1, a back angle of the peripheral edge is r2, a back angle of an end edge a is r3, the range of values is 16-23 degrees, a back angle of the end edge B is r4, the range of values is 5-10 degrees, a front angle of Gash is r5, the range of values is 0-10 degrees, the width of an end edge 8 is d1, the range of values is 0.01-1mm, a straight end milling cutter of the invention has an edge diameter dc of 2-20 mm and an edge length lc of 1-4 times of the edge dc, thereby the strength of the straight end milling cutter during high-speed graphite cutting processing of the straight end milling cutter can be improved, the service life of the cutter is prolonged, the front angle of the peripheral edge r1 of the straight end milling cutter is 2-6 degrees, the peripheral edge r angle 2 is an arc back angle of 10-20 degrees, the precision is improved, the rigidity is good, and processing graphite surface quality is good, has guaranteed the perfect unity of sharpness and the intensity of blade, and the precision has improved 30%, and the cutter life-span has improved 20%.
FIG. 5 shows the structure of the spiral flank 5 on the spiral blade 6, which has high supporting strength, large clearance and long processing life; as shown in fig. 6 and 8, the length of the 0-degree concave angle smoothing blade 9 is 1-3 mm, the width is 0.1-1 mm, the blade tip 10 is prevented from directly contacting the workpiece, and the cutting edge of the blade tip 10 is protected; as shown in FIG. 7, the flat-head end mill of the invention has large core thickness, less material removal of the cutter, better rigidity, no vibration and deformation during processing and good surface quality of the workpiece; as shown in figure 8, the end edge 8 of the flat-end milling cutter and the edge 6 of the helical blade adopt the circular cutting edge (R fillet) design, the circular radius R is 0.001-0.02 mm, the cutting edges are changed into circular arc shapes from lines, the strength of the cutting edges of the cutter is greatly enhanced, the surfaces of the cutting edges are smoother, the machining friction coefficient is smaller, and the cutting temperature is low.
As shown in Table 1, compared with the properties of the conventional hard alloy material, the friction coefficient of the zirconia ceramic of the invention is only 1/4-1/5 of that of the hard alloy, so that the friction between the zirconia ceramic flat-end milling cutter and a workpiece during cutting can be reduced, the temperature of a cutting area is reduced, the red hardness of the cutter is kept, the abrasion of the cutting edge of the cutter is reduced, and the processing life of the cutter is prolonged. In addition, the zirconia ceramics only have 1/2 made of cemented carbide in terms of density, so that the centrifugal force during high-speed cutting is small, the machining vibration is small, and the surface quality of the part is good. Compared with the hard alloy material, the zirconia ceramic has lower chemical affinity, and when the graphite material is processed at high speed, the zirconia ceramic flat-head end mill is more difficult to oxidize and diffuse and wear, so that the service life of the cutter is longer.
TABLE 1
As a specific embodiment of the zirconia ceramic flat-end mill, the processing technology of the D10 flat-end mill which is prepared by respectively coating the hard alloy with the diamond coating and the zirconia ceramic with the hard alloy is compared as shown in Table 2, and the fact that compared with the prior art, the zirconia ceramic flat-end mill of the invention only has Ra0.04 of surface roughness of the processed workpiece, improves the processing efficiency by 100 percent, reduces the production cost, on the other hand, the abrasion loss after the zirconia ceramic flat-end mill is processed is lower, the service life of the cutter is 30-40 percent higher than that of the hard alloy flat-end mill coated with the diamond coating, fully shows that the zirconia ceramic flat-end mill of the invention has reasonable design, can greatly improve the processing precision of the graphite material, improves the processing efficiency, prolongs the service life of the cutter, reduces the cutter changing times, the production cost is reduced.
TABLE 2
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications of equivalent structures and equivalent processes performed by the present specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The zirconia ceramic flat end milling cutter is characterized by being made by grinding zirconia ceramic and comprising a guide part (1) for installing guide, a handle part (2) for installing a cutter and a cutter handle, a clearance (3) and a cutting edge part (4) which are sequentially connected from right to left, wherein the cutting edge part (4) comprises a plurality of spiral rear cutter faces (5), spiral cutting edges (6) and spiral grooves (7) which are spirally arranged in the circumferential direction, the spiral cutting edges (6) are formed by the spiral rear cutter faces (5) and the spiral grooves (7) and are connected with each other by the spiral grooves (7), an end blade (8) is arranged at the end part of the cutting edge part (4) and corresponds to the spiral cutting edges (6), a finishing blade (9) with a 0-degree concave angle is arranged at the end blade (8), a cutter point (10) is formed by the intersection of the end blade (8) and the spiral cutting edges (6), and a circular arc relief angle formed by the spiral rear cutter faces (5) is 10-20 degrees, the rake angle of the peripheral edge formed by the spiral groove (7) is 2-6 degrees.
2. The zirconia ceramic flat-end mill according to claim 1, wherein the flat-end mill has a blade diameter of 2 to 20mm and a blade length of 1 to 4 times the blade diameter, a helix angle of 20 to 55 °, and a core thickness of 80% of the blade diameter.
3. The zirconia ceramic flat end mill according to claim 1, wherein 1-8 helical blades (6) and 1-8 helical grooves (7) are provided.
4. The zirconia ceramic flat end mill according to claim 1, characterized in that the spiral groove (7) is circular arc shaped, and the mirror effect is achieved when the spiral groove (7) is ground.
5. A zirconia ceramic flat head end mill according to claim 1, characterized in that the end edge (8) angle is 174-177 °.
6. The zirconia ceramic flat head end mill according to claim 1, wherein the wiper edge (9) has a length of 1 to 3mm and a width of 0.1 to 1 mm.
7. The zirconia ceramic flat end mill according to claim 1, wherein the angle of the tip (10) is 45 ° and the size of the tip (10) is 0.05-0.2 mm.
8. The zirconia ceramic flat-head end mill according to claim 1, characterized in that the Gash bottom of the end blade (8) is in the form of a circular arc transition and is U-shaped, and the Gash rake angle is 0-10 °.
9. The zirconia ceramic flat head end mill according to claim 1, characterized in that the distance between the major long-edge cutting edges of the end edges (8) is 0.05-0.3 mm and the distance from the center of the end edges (8) Gash is-0.3-0 mm.
10. The zirconia ceramic flat end mill according to claim 1, wherein the cutting edge of the end blade (8) and the cutting edge of the helical blade (6) are circular cutting edges with a circular radius of 0.001-0.02 mm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010034072.3A CN111136312A (en) | 2020-01-13 | 2020-01-13 | Zirconia ceramic flat-end mill |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010034072.3A CN111136312A (en) | 2020-01-13 | 2020-01-13 | Zirconia ceramic flat-end mill |
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| CN111136312A true CN111136312A (en) | 2020-05-12 |
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| CN202010034072.3A Withdrawn CN111136312A (en) | 2020-01-13 | 2020-01-13 | Zirconia ceramic flat-end mill |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111673157A (en) * | 2020-06-16 | 2020-09-18 | 苏州珂玛材料科技股份有限公司 | Aluminum nitride ceramic unburned bricks structure processing milling cutter |
| CN112658358A (en) * | 2021-01-07 | 2021-04-16 | 苏州阿诺精密切削技术有限公司 | A finish milling cutter for stellite alloy processing |
| CN113118532A (en) * | 2021-05-20 | 2021-07-16 | 成都戴梦迪超硬工具有限责任公司 | Precise long and short blade PCBN small spiral angle end milling cutter for machining thin-walled parts and machining method |
| CN114101767A (en) * | 2021-12-10 | 2022-03-01 | 深圳大学 | Corrugated cutter and manufacturing method thereof |
-
2020
- 2020-01-13 CN CN202010034072.3A patent/CN111136312A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111673157A (en) * | 2020-06-16 | 2020-09-18 | 苏州珂玛材料科技股份有限公司 | Aluminum nitride ceramic unburned bricks structure processing milling cutter |
| CN112658358A (en) * | 2021-01-07 | 2021-04-16 | 苏州阿诺精密切削技术有限公司 | A finish milling cutter for stellite alloy processing |
| CN113118532A (en) * | 2021-05-20 | 2021-07-16 | 成都戴梦迪超硬工具有限责任公司 | Precise long and short blade PCBN small spiral angle end milling cutter for machining thin-walled parts and machining method |
| CN113118532B (en) * | 2021-05-20 | 2024-04-09 | 成都戴梦迪超硬工具有限责任公司 | Precision long and short edge PCBN small helix angle end mill for machining thin-wall parts and machining method |
| CN114101767A (en) * | 2021-12-10 | 2022-03-01 | 深圳大学 | Corrugated cutter and manufacturing method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20200512 |