CN111136169A - Parameter calculation method for cooling water channel of thermal forming multi-cavity mold - Google Patents
Parameter calculation method for cooling water channel of thermal forming multi-cavity mold Download PDFInfo
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- CN111136169A CN111136169A CN201911355205.0A CN201911355205A CN111136169A CN 111136169 A CN111136169 A CN 111136169A CN 201911355205 A CN201911355205 A CN 201911355205A CN 111136169 A CN111136169 A CN 111136169A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D37/00—Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
- B21D37/10—Die sets; Pillar guides
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D37/00—Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
- B21D37/16—Heating or cooling
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- Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of mold design, in particular to a parameter calculation method for a cooling water channel of a hot forming multi-cavity mold, which comprises the following steps: determining the quality of the blank and the temperature difference of the blank entering the mold and exiting the mold; calculating the heat quantity to be taken away by the blank; calculating the flow required by each cavity of the mold; calculating the total area of the cooling water channel; calculating the number of the cooling water pipes; determining the distance between the cooling water pipe and the molded surface of the mold; determining the heat dissipation areas of the upper die and the lower die and the total heat dissipation area; the number of the upper and lower mold cooling water pipes is distributed according to the proportion; the distance between the cooling water pipes of the upper die and the lower die is calculated; determining the position of the cooling water pipe in the mold; compared with the cooling water pipe designed by experience, the invention provides a set of calculation method, which can improve the design efficiency, avoid the problem of inconsistent cooling speed of each cavity, reduce the manufacturing cost of the die, and avoid the problems that the cooling water pipe is not designed in place and the production requirement of the die cannot be met.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mold design, in particular to a parameter calculation method for a cooling water channel of a hot forming multi-cavity mold.
Background
The application of automobile hot forming parts is more and more extensive, and when a hot forming die is developed, in order to avoid uneven temperature on the die and reduce the time of pressure maintaining and quenching, a cooling water pipe is generally arranged in the die to take away heat on the die, so that the effect of reducing the temperature is achieved.
Due to the high energy consumption of thermoforming, in order to reduce the production and manufacturing cost, a multi-cavity mold is generally adopted, and 2 cavities, 3 cavities, 4 cavities or more can be combined. The analysis and calculation of a single set of moulds may be without problems, but sets of moulds are combined together, and the flow rate of the pump is limited, which involves the problem of the distribution of the flow rate of cooling water in each mould cavity. An improper distribution may result in a large partial mold cavity flow, a small partial mold cavity flow, which may result in a defective hot formed part, or a long dwell quench time.
The traditional design of the cooling water channel of the thermoforming mold does not consider the flow, and only designs the water pipe according to experience, which can cause various problems, for example, the arrangement of pipelines is too much, the total sectional area of a flow channel is large, the manufacturing cost is increased, the mold strength is low, the flow rate of the water channel is slow, and the cooling effect is not ideal; too little pipeline arrangement may result in the flow not meeting the requirements, cause the mould to overheat, and the material of the generated part can not meet the requirements.
Therefore, a calculation method which can reasonably calculate and determine the arrangement parameters of the cooling water channels of the hot forming multi-cavity mold is necessary.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention breaks through the difficult problems in the prior art and designs the calculation method which can reasonably calculate and determine the arrangement parameters of the cooling water channels of the hot forming multi-cavity die.
In order to achieve the aim, the invention designs a parameter calculation method of a cooling water channel of a hot forming multi-cavity die, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps:
step 1: determining the mass m of the blank and the temperature difference delta T of the blank entering the mold and exiting the mold;
step 2: calculating the heat Q to be taken away by the blank;
and step 3: calculating the flow q required by each cavity of the mold according to the rated working flow of the water pumpi；
And 4, step 4: calculating the total area S of the cooling water channel according to the flow velocity v of the cooling water;
and 5: calculating the number n of the required cooling water pipes according to the radius r of the selected cooling water pipes;
step 6: determining the distance between the cooling water pipe and the molded surface of the mold;
and 7: determining the heat dissipation areas of the upper die and the lower die and the total heat dissipation area according to the heat dissipation area when the die is subjected to pressure maintaining, the radius of the selected cooling water pipe and the distance between the cooling water pipe and the die surface;
and 8: the number of the upper die cooling water pipe and the lower die cooling water pipe is proportionally distributed according to the heat dissipation areas of the upper die and the lower die;
and step 9: calculating the distance between the upper and lower die cooling water pipes according to the equivalent width of the sections of the upper and lower die cooling water pipes and the number of the upper and lower die cooling water pipes;
step 10: the position of the cooling water pipe in the mold is determined.
The heat quantity to be taken away by the blank in the step 2
Wherein c is the specific heat capacity, m is the mass of the blank, and delta T is the temperature difference of the blank entering the die and exiting the die.
Calculating the flow q required by each cavity of the die in the step 3iThe calculation method is specifically as follows: in the cooling process, the heat quantity taken away by the cooling water is in direct proportion to the flow of the cooling water, m = rho V, wherein m is the mass of the blank, rho is the density of the blank, V is the volume of the blank, and the total flow of the cooling water is the rated working flow of the selected water pump because the flow of the cooling water is in direct proportion to the mass of the blank
Where n is the total number of cavities, i is the number of cavities, qiFlow rate of the ith mold cavity is shown, and cooling water of each cavity is shown by qBecause of the cooling water flow q required per cavity dieiProportional to the mass of the blank in each cavity, so that q is obtained1：q2：……qn=m1：m2：……mnThrough the two relations, the cooling water flow q required by each cavity of the mold can be determinedi。
Total area of cooling water course in step 4
Wherein q is the cooling water flow rate per unit time and v is the cooling water flow rate.
The number of cooling water pipes required in step 5
Wherein q is the cooling water flow rate per unit time, v is the cooling water flow rate, and r is the radius of the selected cooling water pipe.
Step 6, the distance between the cooling water pipe and the mold surface is set according to the cooling speed requirement, and when the cooling speed requirement is high, the cooling water pipe is made to be close to the mold surface; when the cooling speed is required to be slow, the cooling water pipe is far away from the molded surface of the mold.
In the step 7, the total heat dissipation area can be equivalent to the surface area of the part to be cooled after forming, the surface area is equivalent to a rectangle, the length and the width of the equivalent rectangle are obtained, the length direction is the arrangement direction of the cooling water pipes, and the width direction is the section direction of the cooling water pipes;
the upper and lower radiating surfaces are obtained by offsetting the product geometric model through geometric modeling software, and the areas of the upper and lower radiating surfaces can be measured.
The specific distribution method for proportionally distributing the number of the upper mold cooling water pipe and the lower mold cooling water pipe in the step 8 comprises the following steps:
wherein n issNumber of water tubes of upper die, nxNumber of water pipes of lower die SsIs the heat dissipation area of the upper die, SxThe heat dissipation area of the lower die.
The specific calculation method of the distance between the upper mold cooling water pipe and the lower mold cooling water pipe in the step 9 is as follows:
，
wherein d issIs the distance between the upper mold and the water pipe, wsWidth of the heat-dissipating surface of the upper die, dxIs the distance between the water pipes of the lower diexThe width of the heat dissipation surface of the lower die.
The distance between the cooling water pipes and the molded surface of the mold is half of the distance between two adjacent cooling water pipes.
Compared with the prior art, the invention provides a set of calculation method compared with the cooling water pipe designed by experience, which can improve the design efficiency, avoid the problem of inconsistent cooling speed of each cavity, reduce the manufacturing cost of the die, avoid the problem that the cooling water pipe is not designed in place and can not meet the requirements of die production.
Detailed Description
In specific implementation, the invention designs a parameter calculation method for a cooling water channel of a hot forming multi-cavity mold, which specifically comprises the following steps:
the volume V of the billet can be calculated through the area and the thickness of each billet, and the flow rate of each cavity die is distributed according to the proportional relation of the mass of each cavity billet, namely the larger the mass of each cavity billet is, the larger the distributed flow rate is. The heating temperature of the blank is consistent corresponding to the multi-cavity die, the error is small and can be ignored although the mold-entering temperature has a little error, so the mold-entering temperature is consistent, the mold-exiting temperature is mold-exiting according to the required temperature, and the temperature difference delta T between the mold-entering temperature and the mold-exiting temperature of the blank can be calculated.
Determining the mass m = ρ V of the blank, where ρ is the density of the blank and V is the volume of the blank.
The cooling water flow is proportional to the mass of the blank, because the heat contained in the blank is proportional to the mass of the blank, i.e. the larger the mass of the blank, the more the heat is, the more the cooling water flow is needed, and therefore, the cooling water flow is proportional to the mass of the blank.
The heat quantity that the blank needs to take away
Wherein c is the specific heat capacity, m is the mass of the blank, and Delta T is the temperature difference between the blank entering and the mold stripping.
Since the heat Q that the billet needs to take away is proportional to the billet mass m and also proportional to the total flow of cooling water, which is the same as the rated working flow of the water pump, the formula can be obtained:
where n is the total number of cavities, i is the number of cavities, qiThe flow of the ith mold cavity is shown, q is the sum of the flows of the cooling water of the cavities, and the sum of the flows of the cooling water of the cavities is equal to the rated working flow of the pumpi。
And because of the cooling water flow q required by each cavity of the mouldiProportional to the mass of the blank of each cavity, so that: q. q.s1：q2：……qn=m1：m2：……mnWherein q isiDenotes the flow rate of the ith cavity, miIs the mass of the ith cavity blank. By the above two formulas, the cooling water flow rate required by each cavity of the mold can be calculated.
According to the cooling water flow rate required by each cavity of the mold determined above, the total cross-sectional area of the cooling water channel can be calculated under the specific cooling water flow velocity v
Wherein q is the cooling water flow rate per unit time and v is the cooling water flow rate.
Because the cooling water is laminar, if the flow speed is too fast, the heat quantity is taken away little, the cooling efficiency is reduced, if the flow speed is too slow, the temperature of the outlet water is too high, and the subsequent cooling speed is also influenced, therefore, the generally recommended cooling water speed in the concrete implementation is about 1m/s-3 m/s.
For the plate materials with the thickness of more than 3mm, the average flow velocity can reach more than 3m/s, and for the plate materials with the thickness of more than 3mm, the average flow velocity can reach more than 1m/s and can reach the best 3m/s, but the velocity can not be reached due to the flow limit of the adopted pump.
The selection of water pipe diameter can be selected according to the thickness of sheet material, to the thick plate, adopts the minor diameter, increases the cooling effect, for example 6mm, to the sheet metal, the water pipe diameter can be taken 8 to 10mm, also can unify the diameter to the water pipe and be 8mm, according to the radius r of the condenser tube who chooses for use, calculates required condenser tube's quantity
Wherein q is the cooling water flow rate per unit time, v is the cooling water flow rate, and r is the radius of the selected cooling water pipe.
Since the water tubes are at a distance from the profile, the distance can be determined according to the cooling rate requirements. The cooling speed is required to be high, the distance between the water pipe and the molded surface is short, for example, the edge of the hole is 6mm away from the molded surface; the profile distance is also related to the density of the water pipes, and in specific implementation, the distance can be half of the adjacent distance of the two water pipes, so that the uniform heat dissipation of the whole profile is maintained.
According to the heat dissipation area when the mould pressurize, can arrange condenser tube's region, the radius of condenser tube for use, the distance between condenser tube and the mould profile, determine the heat radiating area and the total heat radiating area of upper and lower mould, with the heat radiating area and the total heat radiating area equivalence rectangular in shape of growth of upper and lower mould, according to the length and the width of equivalent rectangle, can obtain the figure and the direction that condenser tube arranged.
The heat dissipation surface of the upper die refers to a space curved surface where the central line of the cooling water pipe of the upper die is located, and is formed by a product shape surface which is offset by a certain distance towards the normal direction of the upper part of the die.
The heat radiating surface of the lower die refers to a space curved surface where the central line of the cooling water pipe of the lower die is located, and is formed by a product shape surface which is offset by a certain distance towards the normal direction of the strong lower part of the die.
The product geometric model can be biased by general geometric modeling software to obtain upper and lower radiating surfaces, and the areas of the upper and lower radiating surfaces can be measured.
The number of the upper and lower die cooling water pipes is proportionally distributed according to the heat dissipation areas of the upper and lower dies, and the specific distribution method comprises the following steps:
wherein n issNumber of water tubes of upper die, nxNumber of water pipes of lower die SsIs the heat dissipation area of the upper die, SxThe heat dissipation area of the lower die.
According to the equivalent width of the sections of the cooling water pipes of the upper die and the lower die and the number of the cooling water pipes of the upper die and the lower die, the distance between the adjacent cooling water pipes in the upper die and the lower die is calculated,
，
wherein d issIs the distance between the upper mold and the water pipe, wsWidth of the heat-dissipating surface of the upper die, dxIs the distance between the water pipes of the lower diexThe width of the heat dissipation surface of the lower die.
After the distance of the water pipes is known, the positions of other water pipes can be determined according to the distance between the water pipes after the initial position of one water pipe is determined, and the layout design of the cooling water pipes in the mold is completed.
Example 1:
with a flow of 80m3The number of the mold cavities of the water pump/h is 3, and the specific parameters are shown in the table 1:
TABLE 1 various cavity stock sizes and heat dissipation areas
| Die cavity | Blank size (mm)3） | Pressure maintaining heat dissipation area (mm)2) |
| 1 | 600X200X3 | 600X240 |
| 2 | 800X150X2 | 800X180 |
| 3 | 1000X300X1 | 1000X360 |
Through the size of the blank, the mass of the blank is calculated, and the ratio of the mass of the three-cavity die which can be obtained is 0.40: 0.267: 0.333. the flow rates for each chamber are shown in table 2, which can be obtained by the calculations proposed by the present invention:
TABLE 2 flow of the molds of each cavity
| Die cavity | Blank size (mm)3） | Proportion of flow in each cavity | Calculating the flow (m) of each cavity3/h） |
| 1 | 600X200X3 | 0.400 | 32.00 |
| 2 | 800X150X2 | 0.267 | 21.33 |
| 3 | 1000X300X1 | 0.333 | 26.67 |
Because the die cavity 1 is the thick plate, get cooling water pipeline diameter 6mm, it is relatively fast to go up the velocity of flow, gets 2m/s to it is close to the profile distance, and pipeline central line gets 9mm with the profile distance. And calculating the total number of the water pipes according to the total flow and the pipeline flow speed. And calculating the distance between the water outlet pipes according to the width of the cross section. The specific calculation results are shown in table 3.
TABLE 3 Total number and spacing of water tubes for each cavity mold
| Die cavity | Pressure maintaining heat dissipation area (mm2) | Average water pipe flow velocity (m/s) | Diameter of water pipe (mm) | Total number of water pipes arranged | Spacing of water pipes (mm) | Distance from surface (mm) |
| 1 | 600X240 | 2 | 6 | 40 | 12 | 9 |
| 2 | 800X180 | 1 | 8 | 24 | 30 | 15 |
| 3 | 1000X360 | 1 | 10 | 24 | 30 | 15 |
For the space profile, the upward bias and the downward bias are different in area. Assuming that the molded surface area of the product is 1.0, the heat dissipation area of the upper die is 1.2, and the heat dissipation area of the lower die is 0.8, the number of the water pipes of the upper die and the lower die can be calculated, and the specific calculation result is shown in table 4.
TABLE 4 number of water pipes for upper and lower molds of each mold cavity
Claims (10)
1. A parameter calculation method for a cooling water channel of a hot forming multi-cavity mold is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
step 1: determining the mass m of the blank and the temperature difference delta T of the blank entering the mold and exiting the mold;
step 2: calculating the heat Q to be taken away by the blank;
and step 3: calculating the flow q required by each cavity of the mold according to the rated working flow of the water pumpi；
And 4, step 4: calculating the total area S of the cooling water channel according to the flow velocity v of the cooling water;
and 5: calculating the number n of the required cooling water pipes according to the radius r of the selected cooling water pipes;
step 6: determining the distance between the cooling water pipe and the molded surface of the mold;
and 7: determining the heat dissipation areas of the upper die and the lower die and the total heat dissipation area according to the heat dissipation area when the die is subjected to pressure maintaining, the radius of the selected cooling water pipe and the distance between the cooling water pipe and the die surface;
and 8: the number of the upper die cooling water pipe and the lower die cooling water pipe is proportionally distributed according to the heat dissipation areas of the upper die and the lower die;
and step 9: calculating the distance between the upper and lower die cooling water pipes according to the equivalent width of the sections of the upper and lower die cooling water pipes and the number of the upper and lower die cooling water pipes;
step 10: the position of the cooling water pipe in the mold is determined.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of: the heat quantity to be taken away by the blank in the step 2
Wherein c is the specific heat capacity, m is the mass of the blank, and delta T is the temperature difference of the blank entering the die and exiting the die.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the parameters of the cooling water channel of the thermoforming multi-cavity mold are calculatedThe method is characterized in that: calculating the flow q required by each cavity of the die in the step 3iThe calculation method is specifically as follows: in the cooling process, the heat quantity taken away by the cooling water is in direct proportion to the flow of the cooling water, m = rho V, wherein m is the mass of the blank, rho is the density of the blank, V is the volume of the blank, and the total flow of the cooling water is the rated working flow of the selected water pump because the flow of the cooling water is in direct proportion to the mass of the blank
Where n is the total number of cavities, i is the number of cavities, qiThe flow of the ith mold cavity is shown, and q is the sum of the flows of cooling water of the cavities, because the flow q of cooling water required by each cavity mold isiProportional to the mass of the blank in each cavity, so that q is obtained1：q2：……qn=m1：m2：……mnThrough the two relations, the cooling water flow q required by each cavity of the mold can be determinedi。
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of: total area of cooling water course in step 4
Wherein q is the cooling water flow rate per unit time and v is the cooling water flow rate.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of: the number of cooling water pipes required in step 5
Wherein q is the cooling water flow rate per unit time, v is the cooling water flow rate, and r is the radius of the selected cooling water pipe.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of: step 6, the distance between the cooling water pipe and the mold surface is set according to the cooling speed requirement, and when the cooling speed requirement is high, the cooling water pipe is made to be close to the mold surface; when the cooling speed is required to be slow, the cooling water pipe is far away from the molded surface of the mold.
7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of: in the step 7, the total heat dissipation area can be equivalent to the surface area of the part to be cooled after forming, the surface area is equivalent to a rectangle, the length and the width of the equivalent rectangle are obtained, the length direction is the arrangement direction of the cooling water pipes, and the width direction is the section direction of the cooling water pipes;
the upper and lower radiating surfaces are obtained by offsetting the product geometric model through geometric modeling software, and the areas of the upper and lower radiating surfaces can be measured.
8. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of: the specific distribution method for proportionally distributing the number of the upper mold cooling water pipe and the lower mold cooling water pipe in the step 8 comprises the following steps:
wherein n issNumber of water tubes of upper die, nxNumber of water pipes of lower die SsIs the heat dissipation area of the upper die, SxThe heat dissipation area of the lower die.
9. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of: the specific calculation method of the distance between the upper mold cooling water pipe and the lower mold cooling water pipe in the step 9 is as follows:
，
wherein d issFor upper die water pipe chamberDistance, wsWidth of the heat-dissipating surface of the upper die, dxIs the distance between the water pipes of the lower diexThe width of the heat dissipation surface of the lower die.
10. The method according to claim 6, wherein the method comprises the steps of: the distance between the cooling water pipes and the molded surface of the mold is half of the distance between two adjacent cooling water pipes.
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