CN111135956B - Method for protecting scale in graphite processing - Google Patents

Method for protecting scale in graphite processing Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111135956B
CN111135956B CN201911348455.1A CN201911348455A CN111135956B CN 111135956 B CN111135956 B CN 111135956B CN 201911348455 A CN201911348455 A CN 201911348455A CN 111135956 B CN111135956 B CN 111135956B
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graphite
ore
particle size
mixing
stirring
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CN111135956A (en
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贺爱平
李国栋
尤大海
郭茂生
胡修权
张立
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Hubei Metallurgy Geology Research Institute (central South Institute Of Metallurgical Geology)
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Hubei Metallurgy Geology Research Institute (central South Institute Of Metallurgical Geology)
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03DFLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
    • B03D1/00Flotation
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03BSEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
    • B03B1/00Conditioning for facilitating separation by altering physical properties of the matter to be treated
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03BSEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
    • B03B9/00General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01BNON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B32/00Carbon; Compounds thereof
    • C01B32/20Graphite
    • C01B32/21After-treatment

Abstract

The invention provides a method for protecting large graphite flakes in the mineral separation and deep processing processes of natural graphite ores. The main process comprises the following steps: taking natural graphite ore as a raw material, carrying out multistage crushing to-2 mm with a small crushing ratio, and carrying out wet rod grinding to-0.15 mm which accounts for about 90% of the total weight for carrying operation; diluting the ground raw materials with water until the concentration of the ore pulp is 30-35%, stirring and mixing, adding lime, stirring and adjusting the pH value of the ore pulp to be pH =9, adding 60-120 g/t of kerosene to improve the surface hydrophobicity of graphite mineral particles, and adding 20-40 g/t of pine oil to generate dispersed micro-bubbles in the ore pulp through stirring for mixing; the ore pulp is uniformly fed into a floating machine, most of hard waste rocks can be removed through the operation separation of the floating machine, and the obtained rough concentrate is ground again and then is further floated to finally obtain qualified graphite concentrate, so that the graphite flakes are protected from being damaged. The large flake graphite which is 10 to 15 percent higher than that of the large flake graphite obtained by the conventional method can be obtained by adopting the process technology.

Description

Method for protecting scale in graphite processing
Technical Field
The invention relates to a technology for protecting scale in graphite processing, belonging to the technical field of inorganic nonmetal functional materials.
Technical Field
Graphite is a special non-metallic material, but has the excellent properties of metal, such as coating property, lubricity, high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, plasticity, thermal conductivity, electrical conductivity, chemical stability and heat resistance at high temperature, and the melting point is 3850 degrees +/-50 degrees, and the boiling point is 4250 degrees. The thermal expansion coefficient of the graphite is very small, and is only 1.2 multiplied by 10 < -6 > at 20-100 ℃. Graphite is one of the most temperature resistant light minerals known. The mineral characteristics of graphite enable the graphite to be widely and irreplaceably applied to refractory materials, hot metal forming materials, conductive materials, wear-resistant materials, sealing materials, corrosion-resistant materials, high-temperature-resistant materials, heat-insulating materials, environment-friendly materials, radiation-proof materials, military and aerospace materials, and become targets for disputed development of countries in the world, and a plurality of countries list the graphite as strategic resources.
The main quality of the high-carbon graphite or high-purity product processed from natural graphite ore is that the carbon content of the product is fixed, and then the size of graphite mineral sheet diameter is large, and the larger the graphite mineral sheet diameter is, the higher the value is.
Thus, during the processing of graphite ore, the stress seeks to preserve the integrity of the graphite mineral flakes. At present, the main method for protecting the graphite mineral scale in the graphite ore processing process at home and abroad is rough grinding, rough concentration and tail discarding, and repeated grinding and fine concentration of rough concentrate, or grinding by adopting different types of grinders and grinding media. The former is a method generally adopted at home and abroad at present, but has the defects of long process flow and high energy consumption; the latter is more studied but less commonly used. The technical scheme of the invention is to remove the hard gangue minerals which can easily damage the graphite mineral flakes from the graphite ore processing process as early as possible so as to protect the flakes.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to improve the blank of the technology for protecting the scale in the existing graphite ore processing process, the technology for protecting the large graphite scale in the ore dressing and deep processing process by taking the natural graphite ore as a raw material through a floating process is provided. This technique is fundamentally different from the prior art methods. The specific implementation method and steps of the technology are as follows:
1. crushing the natural graphite ore for multiple times at a small crushing ratio, and screening to-2 mm; the crushed ore with the particle size of-2 mm + 0.15mm and the ore with the particle size of-2 mm + 0.15mm are classified into two particle sizes of-2 mm + 0.15mm and the ore with the particle size of-2 mm + 0.15mm, are ground to 80% -90% -0.15mm by a wet rod mill and are mixed with the ore with the particle size of-0.15 mm to float into selected raw ore.
2. The concentration of the selected ore pulp is adjusted to be 30-35 percent, the selected ore pulp is stirred and mixed, lime is added to be stirred and adjusted to adjust the pH value of the ore pulp to be =9, 60-120 g/t of kerosene is added to improve the surface hydrophobicity of graphite mineral particles, and 20-40 g/t of pine oil is added to be stirred in the ore pulp to generate dispersed micro-bubbles for medicine mixing.
3. Adjusting the stroke of the floating machine to be 8-10 mm, the number of times of flushing to be 380-420 times/min, the amount of ore feeding water to be 1000-1200 ml/min and the amount of flushing water to be 3000-4000 ml/min, uniformly feeding the pulp after size mixing and pesticide mixing into the floating machine at the speed of about 1000 g/min to obtain rough graphite concentrate, and performing tertiary flotation and fine selection after the rough graphite concentrate is re-ground in a wet manner by a rod mill to obtain qualified graphite concentrate.
4. As the table floating pre-selection is carried out under the condition of coarse fraction, most of the large scale graphite dissociated by the monomers enters the rough concentrate under the selection of a collecting agent (kerosene) and a foaming agent (pine oil); meanwhile, parameters such as the floating stroke, the frequency of flushing, the ore feeding amount, the flushing water amount and the like are strictly controlled to achieve fine preselection, and large-scale graphite entering tailings is reduced to the maximum extent; in addition, most of the quartz and feldspar gangue with hard texture and sharp edges and corners are removed by the floating preselection process, the damage effects of cutting, stress point impact and the like of the quartz and the like on graphite minerals in the subsequent regrinding flotation process are avoided, and therefore the graphite flakes are protected from being damaged, and the large flake graphite which is 10% -15% higher than that obtained by a conventional medicament flotation method can be obtained by the process technology.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a scanning electron micrograph of large flakes of graphite concentrate of example 1.
FIG. 2 is a scanning electron micrograph of large flakes of graphite concentrate of example 2.
FIG. 3 is a process flow diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Example 1:
1. crushing and screening natural graphite ore to-2 mm; the crushed natural graphite ore with the particle size of-2 mm + 0.15mm and the particle size of-0.15 mm are ground into the natural graphite ore with the particle size of-2 mm + 0.15mm by a wet rod mill until the mass content of the particle size of-0.15 mm is 85 percent, and the natural graphite ore with the particle size of-0.15 mm is mixed with the ore with the particle size of-0.15 mm and accounts for 90 percent to be used as a table floating into a selected raw ore.
2. Floating the ore pulp to adjust the concentration to 31 percent, stirring and mixing the ore pulp, adding lime to stir and adjust the pH value of the ore pulp to =9, adding 100g/t of kerosene to improve the surface hydrophobicity of graphite mineral particles, and adding 20g/t of pine oil to stir in the ore pulp to generate dispersed micro-bubbles for medicine mixing.
3. Adjusting the stroke of the floating machine to be 9mm, the number of times of flushing to be 400 times/min, the ore feeding amount to be 1000 ml/min and the flushing amount to be 3700 ml/min, and uniformly feeding the pulp after size mixing and pesticide mixing into the floating machine at the speed of about 1000 g/min to obtain the rough graphite concentrate. And performing tertiary flotation and fine selection on the rough concentrate after wet regrinding by a rod mill to obtain qualified graphite concentrate with the yield of 2.44%, the grade of 90.52% and the recovery rate of 27.46%, wherein the content of large flake graphite is 61.73%.
Example 2:
1. crushing and screening natural graphite ore to-2 mm; the crushed natural graphite ore with the particle size of-2 mm + 0.15mm and the particle size of-0.15 mm are ground to the mass content of 88% of the particle size of-0.15 mm by a wet rod mill, and the ground natural graphite ore with the particle size of-2 mm + 0.15mm is mixed with the ore with the particle size of-0.15 mm to the mass content of 95% of the ore with the particle size of-0.15 mm and is used as a table to float into a selected raw ore.
2. Floating the ore pulp to adjust the concentration to 33 percent, stirring and mixing the ore pulp, adding lime to stir and adjust the pH value of the ore pulp to =9, adding 100g/t of kerosene to improve the surface hydrophobicity of graphite mineral particles, and adding 20g/t of pine oil to stir in the ore pulp to generate dispersed micro-bubbles for medicine mixing.
3. Adjusting the stroke of the floating machine to be 9mm, the number of times of flushing to be 400 times/min, the ore feeding amount to be 1000 ml/min and the flushing amount to be 3700 ml/min, and uniformly feeding the pulp after size mixing and pesticide mixing into the floating machine at the speed of about 1000 g/min to obtain the rough graphite concentrate. And performing tertiary flotation and fine selection on the rough concentrate after wet regrinding by a rod mill to obtain qualified graphite concentrate with the yield of 2.87 percent, the grade of 88.61 percent and the recovery rate of 28.53 percent, wherein the content of large flake graphite is 59.12 percent.
Example 3:
1. crushing and screening natural graphite ore to-2 mm; the crushed natural graphite ore with the particle size of-2 mm + 0.15mm and the particle size of-0.15 mm are ground to the mass content of 80% of the particle size of-0.15 mm by a wet rod mill, and the ground natural graphite ore with the particle size of-2 mm + 0.15mm is mixed with the ore with the particle size of-0.15 mm to 90% of the ore with the particle size of-0.15 mm and is used as a table to float into a selected raw ore.
2. Floating the ore pulp to adjust the concentration to 35 percent, stirring and mixing the ore pulp, adding lime, stirring and adjusting the pH value of the ore pulp to be pH =9, adding 100g/t of kerosene to improve the surface hydrophobicity of graphite mineral particles, and adding 20g/t of pine oil to generate dispersed micro-bubbles in the ore pulp through stirring for medicine mixing.
3. Adjusting the stroke of the floating machine to be 9mm, the number of times of flushing to be 400 times/min, the ore feeding amount to be 1000 ml/min and the flushing amount to be 3700 ml/min, and uniformly feeding the pulp after size mixing and pesticide mixing into the floating machine at the speed of about 1000 g/min to obtain the rough graphite concentrate. And performing tertiary flotation and fine selection on the rough concentrate after wet regrinding by a rod mill to obtain qualified graphite concentrate with the yield of 3.22%, the grade of 85.61% and the recovery rate of 31.09%, wherein the content of large flake graphite is 56.33%.
Example 4:
1. crushing and screening natural graphite ore to-2 mm; the crushed natural graphite ore with the particle size of-2 mm + 0.15mm and the particle size of-0.15 mm are ground to the mass content of 85 percent of the particle size of-0.15 mm by a wet rod mill, and the ground natural graphite ore with the particle size of-2 mm + 0.15mm is mixed with the ore with the particle size of-0.15 mm to 94 percent of the mass content of-0.15 mm to be floated into a selected raw ore.
2. Floating the ore pulp to adjust the concentration to 30 percent, stirring and mixing the ore pulp, adding lime, stirring and adjusting the pH value of the ore pulp to be pH =9, adding 80g/t of diesel oil to improve the surface hydrophobicity of graphite mineral particles, and adding 20g/t of pine oil to generate dispersed micro-bubbles in the ore pulp through stirring for mixing the pesticide.
3. Adjusting the stroke of the floating machine to be 9mm, the number of times of flushing to be 400 times/min, the ore feeding amount to be 1000 ml/min and the flushing amount to be 3700 ml/min, and uniformly feeding the pulp after size mixing and pesticide mixing into the floating machine at the speed of 1000 g/min to obtain rough graphite concentrate. And performing tertiary flotation and fine selection on the rough concentrate after wet regrinding by a rod mill to obtain qualified graphite concentrate with the yield of 5.62%, the grade of 78.31% and the recovery rate of 36.88%, wherein the content of large flake graphite is 45.42%.
Example 5:
1. crushing and screening natural graphite ore to-2 mm; the crushed natural graphite ore with the particle size of-2 mm + 0.15mm and the particle size of-0.15 mm are ground to 86 mass percent of the particle size of-0.15 mm by a wet rod mill, and the ground natural graphite ore with the particle size of-2 mm + 0.15mm is mixed with the ore with the particle size of-0.15 mm to 93 percent to be floated into the selected raw ore.
2. The concentration of the selected ore pulp is adjusted to be 30 percent, the selected ore pulp is stirred and mixed, lime is added, the pH value of the ore pulp is adjusted to be pH =9, 100g/t of liquid paraffin is added to improve the surface hydrophobicity of graphite mineral particles, and 20g/t of pine oil is added to be stirred in the ore pulp to generate dispersed micro-bubbles for medicine mixing.
3. Adjusting the stroke of the floating machine to be 9mm, the number of times of flushing to be 400 times/min, the ore feeding amount to be 1000 ml/min and the flushing amount to be 3700 ml/min, and uniformly feeding the pulp after size mixing and pesticide mixing into the floating machine at the speed of about 1000 g/min to obtain the rough graphite concentrate. And performing tertiary flotation and fine selection on the rough concentrate after wet regrinding by a rod mill to obtain qualified graphite concentrate with the yield of 6.81%, the grade of 75.96% and the recovery rate of 38.84%, wherein the content of large flake graphite is 42.38%.
Example 6:
1. crushing and screening natural graphite ore to-2 mm; the crushed natural graphite ore with the particle size of-2 mm + 0.15mm and the particle size of-0.15 mm are ground into the natural graphite ore with the particle size of-2 mm + 0.15mm by a wet rod mill until the mass content of the particle size of-0.15 mm is 80, and the natural graphite ore with the particle size of-0.15 mm is mixed with the ore with the particle size of-0.15 mm and accounts for 92 percent to be used as a table floating into a selected raw ore.
2. Floating the ore pulp to adjust the concentration to 30 percent, stirring and mixing the ore pulp, adding lime, stirring and adjusting the pH value of the ore pulp to be pH =9, adding 150g/t of heavy oil to improve the surface hydrophobicity of graphite mineral particles, and adding 20g/t of pine oil to generate dispersed micro-bubbles in the ore pulp through stirring for medicine mixing.
3. Adjusting the stroke of the floating machine to be 9mm, the number of times of flushing to be 400 times/min, the ore feeding amount to be 1000 ml/min and the flushing amount to be 3700 ml/min, and uniformly feeding the pulp after size mixing and pesticide mixing into the floating machine at the speed of about 1000 g/min to obtain the rough graphite concentrate. And performing tertiary flotation and fine selection on the rough concentrate after wet regrinding by a rod mill to obtain qualified graphite concentrate with the yield of 6.23 percent, the grade of 77.52 percent and the recovery rate of 35.25 percent, wherein the content of large flake graphite is 47.45 percent.

Claims (3)

1. A method for protecting scale in graphite processing is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) crushing and screening natural graphite ore to-2 mm; the crushed natural graphite ore with the particle size of-2 mm + 0.15mm and the particle size of-0.15 mm are ground into the natural graphite ore with the particle size of-2 mm + 0.15mm by a wet rod mill until the mass content of the particle size of-0.15 mm is 80 to 90 percent, and the natural graphite ore is mixed with the ore with the particle size of-0.15 mm to float into selected raw ore as a table;
(2) adjusting the concentration of the slurry floating into the selected raw ore in the step (1) to 30-35%, stirring and mixing the slurry, adding lime, stirring and adjusting the pH value of the slurry to be pH =9, adding kerosene and pine oil, stirring and generating micro bubbles for medicine mixing;
(3) uniformly feeding the pulp after size mixing and pesticide mixing into a floating machine at the speed of 1000 g/min of 800-;
(4) and carrying out tertiary flotation and fine selection on the obtained graphite rough concentrate after wet regrinding by a rod mill to obtain graphite concentrate.
2. The method for protecting the scale in the graphite processing according to claim 1, wherein the kerosene is added in the step (2) in an amount of 60g/t to 120 g/t; the addition amount of the pine oil is 20 g/t-40 g/t.
3. The method for protecting scale in graphite processing according to claim 1, wherein said kerosene in step (2) can be replaced by any one of liquid paraffin, diesel oil and heavy oil.
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CN113800512B (en) * 2021-09-26 2023-03-21 苏州中材非金属矿工业设计研究院有限公司 Protection processing method of large-scale graphite
CN115025876B (en) * 2022-07-06 2023-03-31 四川省冶金地质勘查局六0五大队 Mineral separation process for graphite ore

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