CN111134210A - Tea processing system, fermentation system, drying system and tea evaluation method - Google Patents
Tea processing system, fermentation system, drying system and tea evaluation method Download PDFInfo
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- 241001122767 Theaceae Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 159
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 125
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 title abstract description 10
- 235000013616 tea Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 160
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 235000019225 fermented tea Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- ADRVNXBAWSRFAJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N catechin Natural products OC1Cc2cc(O)cc(O)c2OC1c3ccc(O)c(O)c3 ADRVNXBAWSRFAJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000005487 catechin Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000008442 polyphenolic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000013824 polyphenols Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- PFTAWBLQPZVEMU-DZGCQCFKSA-N (+)-catechin Chemical compound C1([C@H]2OC3=CC(O)=CC(O)=C3C[C@@H]2O)=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 PFTAWBLQPZVEMU-DZGCQCFKSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229950001002 cianidanol Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 20
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 abstract description 18
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001953 sensory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000001765 catechin Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002596 correlated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013079 data visualisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002329 infrared spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23F—COFFEE; TEA; THEIR SUBSTITUTES; MANUFACTURE, PREPARATION, OR INFUSION THEREOF
- A23F3/00—Tea; Tea substitutes; Preparations thereof
- A23F3/06—Treating tea before extraction; Preparations produced thereby
- A23F3/08—Oxidation; Fermentation
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23F—COFFEE; TEA; THEIR SUBSTITUTES; MANUFACTURE, PREPARATION, OR INFUSION THEREOF
- A23F3/00—Tea; Tea substitutes; Preparations thereof
- A23F3/06—Treating tea before extraction; Preparations produced thereby
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
- G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
- G01N21/35—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light
- G01N21/359—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light using near infrared light
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Abstract
The invention provides a tea processing system, a fermentation system, a drying system and a tea evaluation method, wherein the tea processing system comprises: fermentation equipment for performing fermentation treatment on the tea; drying equipment for drying the tea leaves; a discharge port of the fermentation equipment is provided with a near-infrared detection device for detecting the fermented tea; the discharge port of the drying equipment is provided with a near-infrared detection device for detecting the tea subjected to drying treatment. The invention solves the technical problem that the change of the tea condition in the processing process is difficult to know in the prior art.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tea processing, in particular to a tea processing system, a fermentation system, a drying system and a tea evaluation method.
Background
The quality of tea can be judged by observing the color, shape, smell, etc. During the processing process, tea leaves undergo a plurality of processing procedures, and the conditions of the tea leaves change along with the gradual progress of the processing procedures. When the quality of tea is judged, the condition of the finished tea is mainly known for the finished tea, and the influence of the processing process on the quality of the finished tea is difficult to know. The existing tea processing technology mainly relies on experience to set, is inconvenient to adjust and has poor controllability.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a tea processing system, a fermentation system, a drying system and a tea evaluation method, which are used for solving the technical problem that the change of the condition of tea in the processing process is difficult to know in the prior art.
The above object of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions:
the present invention provides a tea processing system comprising:
fermentation equipment for performing fermentation treatment on the tea;
drying equipment for drying the tea leaves;
a discharge port of the fermentation equipment is provided with a near-infrared detection device for detecting the fermented tea; and a discharge port of the drying equipment is provided with a near-infrared detection device for detecting the tea subjected to drying treatment.
In a preferred embodiment, the near-infrared detection device comprises a vertical moving mechanism and a near-infrared spectrometer mounted on the vertical moving mechanism.
In a preferred embodiment, the near-infrared detection device includes a lateral movement mechanism, and the vertical movement mechanism is mounted to the lateral movement mechanism.
In a preferred embodiment, the drying device includes a primary drying device, a secondary drying device, and a sufficient drying device, which are sequentially disposed, and the near-infrared detection device is disposed at a discharge port of the primary drying device, a discharge port of the secondary drying device, and a discharge port of the sufficient drying device, respectively.
In a preferred embodiment, the near-infrared detection device disposed at the discharge port of the foot drying device includes a drying and discharging conveyor belt, the drying and discharging conveyor belt is inclined downward from the feeding end to the discharge end, and a near-infrared spectrometer in the near-infrared detection device is disposed at the feeding end of the drying and discharging conveyor belt.
In a preferred embodiment, a blade homogenizing device is arranged on the drying and discharging conveying belt, and the rotating axis of the blade homogenizing device is arranged along the width direction of the drying and discharging conveying belt; the blade leaf homogenizing device is positioned on one side of the near-infrared spectrometer, which is close to the discharge end of the drying and discharging conveyor belt.
In a preferred embodiment, a feed inlet of the fermentation equipment is provided with a near infrared detection device.
In a preferred embodiment, the fermentation apparatus comprises a plurality of fermentation flat conveyors, and tea leaves on an upper layer of the fermentation flat conveyors can fall to a lower layer of the fermentation flat conveyors.
In a preferred embodiment, the tea processing system comprises a withering device for withering tea leaves, the tea leaves passing through the withering device and then flowing to the fermentation device, the outlet of the withering device being provided with near infrared detection means for detecting the withered tea leaves.
In a preferred embodiment, the withering apparatus includes a plurality of withering pan conveyors, the outlets of each of the withering pan conveyors being provided with the near infrared detection means, and tea leaves on a previous layer of the withering pan conveyor passing through the near infrared detection means and falling onto a next layer of the withering pan conveyor.
In a preferred embodiment, the near infrared detection device is capable of detecting the moisture content of the tea leaves; and/or the near-infrared detection device can detect the content of the tea, wherein the content comprises at least one of tea polyphenol, theabrownin and catechin.
The invention provides a fermentation system, which is applied to the tea processing system and comprises: carry out fermentation treatment's fermentation equipment to tealeaves, fermentation equipment's discharge gate is provided with and is used for carrying out the near-infrared detection device that detects to tealeaves through fermentation treatment.
The invention provides a drying system, which is applied to the tea processing system and comprises: drying equipment who carries out drying process to tealeaves, drying equipment's discharge gate is provided with and is used for carrying out the near-infrared detection device that detects to drying process's tealeaves.
The invention provides a tea leaf evaluation method, which comprises the following steps: the tea processing system is used for processing tea, and near-infrared detection data of the tea subjected to fermentation processing and near-infrared detection data of the tea subjected to drying processing are obtained.
The invention has the characteristics and advantages that:
when the tea processing system provided by the invention operates, tea is sequentially subjected to fermentation treatment and drying treatment, the water content of the tea subjected to the fermentation treatment and the water content of the tea subjected to the drying treatment can be obtained through the near-infrared detection device, the change of the water content of the tea subjected to the fermentation treatment and the drying treatment can be known, the change of the water content condition in the processing process and the quality of a finished product are analyzed in a combined manner after the batch of tea is processed into the finished product, the influence characteristics of the change of the tea condition on the quality of the finished product in the working process can be known, the processing process can be conveniently regulated and controlled, and the controllability is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1a is a diagram of the processing steps of tea;
FIG. 1b is a view showing the drying step of tea leaves;
fig. 2a is a schematic structural diagram of a drying system provided by the present invention;
FIG. 2b is a schematic structural diagram of a fermentation system provided by the present invention;
fig. 2c is a schematic view of the connection between the withering device and the near infrared detection device in the tea processing system according to the present invention;
fig. 3a is an isometric view of a first embodiment of a near infrared detection device in a tea processing system provided by the present invention;
FIG. 3b is a right side view of the near infrared detection device shown in FIG. 3 a;
FIG. 3c is a top view of the near infrared detection device shown in FIG. 3 a;
fig. 4a is an isometric view of a second embodiment of a near infrared detection device in a tea processing system provided by the present invention;
FIG. 4b is a front view of the near infrared detection device shown in FIG. 4 a;
FIG. 4c is a left side view of the near infrared detection device shown in FIG. 4 a;
fig. 5a is an isometric view of a second embodiment of a near infrared detection device in a tea processing system provided by the present invention;
FIG. 5b is a front view of the near infrared detection device shown in FIG. 5 a;
fig. 5c is a top view of the near infrared detection device shown in fig. 5 a.
The reference numbers illustrate:
10. a near-infrared detection device; 11. a near infrared spectrometer;
20. a vertical moving mechanism; 21. a hand wheel;
30. a lateral movement mechanism;
40. drying the discharge conveyer belt; 41. a blade homogenizer; 411. a blade; 412. a rotating shaft; 42. a uniform blade baffle;
50. a fermentation discharge conveyer belt;
51. a hoist;
60. withering equipment; 61. withering and horizontally conveying the belt;
70. a fermentation device; 71. a fermentation horizontal conveying belt;
80. a drying device; 81. primary drying equipment; 82. re-drying equipment; 83. a foot drying device.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Tea leaves are typically processed according to the process steps shown in figure 1a, followed by withering, rolling, fermentation and drying.
Example one
The invention provides a tea processing system which can perform fermentation treatment and drying treatment on tea. As shown in fig. 2a and 2b, the tea processing system comprises: a fermentation device 70 for performing fermentation treatment on the tea leaves and a drying device 80 for performing drying treatment on the tea leaves; the discharge port of the fermentation equipment 70 is provided with a near-infrared detection device 10 for detecting the fermented tea; the discharge port of the drying device 80 is provided with a near-infrared detection device 10 for detecting the tea leaves subjected to drying treatment.
This tea processing system is when the operation, tealeaves carries out fermentation treatment and drying process in proper order, through near-infrared detection device 10, can acquire the water content of the tealeaves after the fermentation treatment, and the water content of the tealeaves after the drying treatment, can know through fermentation treatment and drying treatment, the change of the water content of tealeaves, after this batch of tealeaves is processed into the finished product, combine the analysis with the finished product quality with the change of water content situation in the course of working, can know the course of working, the change of tealeaves situation is to the influence characteristics of finished product quality, be more convenient for regulate and control the course of working, improve the controllability.
In the processing process, the tea processing system can acquire the condition of tea in each processing step on line in real time so as to monitor the processing process and ensure the stability of the processing process and the quality of finished products.
The near-infrared detection device 10 comprises a near-infrared spectrometer 11, and the near-infrared spectrometer 11 collects the spectrum information of the tea. The near-infrared spectrometer 11 can detect the water content of the tea; and/or the near infrared spectrometer 11 is capable of detecting the content of the tea leaves, the content comprising at least one of tea polyphenols, theabrownins and catechins. The working wavelength range of the near-infrared spectrometer 11 is 1000nm-1800nm, wherein the 1000nm-1500nm wave band is used for detecting samples with larger particle size; 1500nm-1800nm is used for detecting samples with the component content of less than 0.1 percent by mass. The accuracy of the wavelength is +/-0.2 nm, and the repeatability of the wavelength is less than 0.05 nm.
In this tea processing system, tea leaves are spread apart in a conveyor belt and moved along the conveyor belt. The near-infrared spectrometer 11 in the near-infrared detection device 10 faces the conveyor belt and collects the spectral information of the tea leaves. In order to ensure the detection effect, as shown in fig. 3a to 5c, the near-infrared detection device 10 further includes a vertical moving mechanism 20, the near-infrared spectrometer 11 is mounted on the vertical moving mechanism 20, and the vertical moving mechanism 20 can drive the near-infrared spectrometer 11 to move above the conveyor belt, so as to adjust the distance between the near-infrared spectrometer 11 and the upper surface of the conveyor belt. Preferably, the distance is not less than 12cm, and a good detection effect can be obtained.
The vertical moving mechanism 20 may be of a manual or electric structure. In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 3a and 4a, the vertical movement mechanism 20 includes a transmission screw, the near-infrared spectrometer 11 is mounted on the transmission screw, a hand wheel 21 is connected to an upper end of the transmission screw, and the hand wheel 21 is manually rotated to drive the near-infrared spectrometer 11 to move vertically. In another embodiment, as shown in fig. 5a to 5c, the vertical moving mechanism 20 includes a screw mechanism, the near-infrared spectrometer 11 is mounted on the screw mechanism, and an electric motor is connected to an upper end of the screw mechanism, and the near-infrared spectrometer 11 can be driven to move vertically by controlling the electric motor.
When the width of the conveying belt is increased, in order to enable the near-infrared spectrometer 11 to better cover the transverse width of the conveying belt, the near-infrared detection device 10 includes a transverse moving mechanism 30, the installation position of the near-infrared detection device 10 is adapted to the conveying belt, preferably, the moving direction of the transverse moving mechanism 30 is parallel to the width direction of the conveying belt, that is, perpendicular to the conveying direction, and the transverse moving mechanism 30 can drive the near-infrared spectrometer 11 to move along the width direction of the conveying belt. As shown in fig. 5a to 5c, the near-infrared detection device 10 adopts a gantry structure, the vertical moving mechanism 20 is installed on the horizontal moving mechanism 30, and the horizontal moving mechanism 30 can drive the near-infrared spectrometer 11 and the vertical moving mechanism 20 to move together along the width direction of the conveyor belt; specifically, the transverse moving mechanism 30 includes a screw mechanism and a motor connected to the screw, the vertical moving mechanism 20 is connected to the screw mechanism, and the motor can drive the vertical moving mechanism 20 and the near-infrared spectrometer 11 to move through the screw mechanism.
As shown in fig. 1b, the drying process may be divided into three steps, which are a primary drying process, a secondary drying process, and a foot drying process in sequence. This drying equipment 80 in tea processing system is including the equipment 81 of drying by the fire just that sets gradually, dry by the fire equipment 82 again and dry by the fire equipment 83 sufficiently, as shown in fig. 2a, the discharge gate of the equipment 81 of drying by the fire just, the discharge gate of the equipment 82 of drying by the fire again and the discharge gate of the equipment 83 of drying by the fire sufficiently, be provided with near-infrared detection device 10 respectively, in order to obtain the situation such as the water content that tealeaves was through drying by the fire after handling just, situation such as the water content that is through drying by the fire after handling again and situation such as the water content that is through drying by the fire after handling sufficiently, know the change characteristics of tealeaves in the concrete in-process of drying by the fire, and this change characteristic.
In some embodiments, the discharge port of the primary drying device 81, the discharge port of the secondary drying device 82, and the discharge port of the foot drying device 83 are provided with a lifter 51, the outlet of the lifter 51 is connected with a horizontally arranged conveyor belt, and the near-infrared spectrometer 11 is installed above the conveyor belt.
In other embodiments, the near infrared detection device 10 disposed at the outlet of the foot drying device 83 includes a drying and discharging conveyer belt 40, as shown in fig. 3 a-3 c, the drying and discharging conveyer belt 40 is inclined downwards from the feeding end to the discharging end to facilitate the tea leaves to be spread evenly during the movement process. The near-infrared spectrometer 11 in the near-infrared detection device 10 is arranged at the feeding end of the drying and discharging conveyor belt 40. The elevator 51 conveys the tea leaves to the feeding end of the drying and discharging conveyor belt 40, the tea leaves are spread, and the near-infrared spectrometer 11 collects spectral information of the tea leaves.
Further, as shown in fig. 3a and 3c, a blade homogenizing device 41 is arranged on the drying and discharging conveyor belt 40, and the rotation axis of the blade homogenizing device 41 is arranged along the width direction of the drying and discharging conveyor belt 40; the blade leaf homogenizing device 41 is located on one side of the near-infrared spectrometer 11 close to the discharging end of the drying and discharging conveying belt 40, and the blade leaf homogenizing device 41 can enable the thickness of tea leaves on the drying and discharging conveying belt 40 to be more uniform. Specifically, the blade leaf homogenizing device 41 comprises a rotating shaft 412 and a plurality of blades 411 fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 412, the rotating shaft 412 is arranged along the width direction of the drying and discharging conveying belt 40, tea leaves pass through a gap between the blade leaf homogenizing device 41 and the upper surface of the drying and discharging conveying belt 40, and the excessive thickness of the tea leaves can be avoided. Preferably, the blade leaf homogenizing device 41 comprises a motor, and the motor is connected with the rotating shaft 412 to drive the blades 411 to rotate at a constant speed, so that the consistency of the thickness of the tea leaves can be better ensured.
Further, as shown in fig. 3a, a uniform leaf baffle 42 is installed at the discharging end of the drying discharging conveyer belt 40, and a gap for tea to pass through is provided between the lower end of the uniform leaf baffle 42 and the upper surface of the drying discharging conveyer belt 40, so as to regulate and control the thickness of the tea.
In one embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2b, the feeding port of the fermentation apparatus 70 is provided with a near infrared detection device 10, so as to obtain the status of the tea before and after the fermentation process, and to know the change of the tea caused by the fermentation process.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the fermentation equipment 70 comprises a multi-layer fermentation flat conveyer belt 71, and the tea leaves on the upper layer fermentation flat conveyer belt 71 can fall to the lower layer fermentation flat conveyer belt 71. Specifically, as shown in fig. 2b, two adjacent fermentation flat conveying belts 71 are arranged in a staggered manner, and the tea leaves on the two adjacent fermentation flat conveying belts 71 are transported in opposite directions. The inlet of the fermentation equipment is provided with an elevator 51, the elevator 51 conveys the tea leaves to the uppermost fermentation flat conveying belt 71, and the near-infrared detection device 10 arranged at the inlet of the fermentation equipment is arranged on the elevator 51.
As shown in fig. 2b and fig. 4a to fig. 4c, the near-infrared detection device 10 disposed at the outlet of the fermentation apparatus 70 includes a fermentation outlet conveyer belt 50, the near-infrared spectrometer 11 in the near-infrared detection device 10 is disposed above the fermentation outlet conveyer belt 50, the tea leaves on the fermentation flat conveyer belt 71 at the lowest layer move to the fermentation outlet conveyer belt 50, and the near-infrared spectrometer 11 detects the tea leaves. Preferably, the fermentation discharge conveyor 50 is arranged in a horizontal direction.
The tea processing system includes a withering device 60 for withering tea leaves passing through the withering device 60 towards the fermentation device 70. In order to better understand the change of the tea leaves in the processing process, the discharge port of the withering device 60 is provided with a near infrared detection device 10 for detecting the withered tea leaves so as to acquire the conditions of the moisture content and the like of the withered tea leaves.
In one embodiment of the invention, the withering apparatus 60 comprises a plurality of withering pan conveyors 61, the outlets of the individual withering pan conveyors 61 being provided with near infrared detection means 10, and the tea leaves on the upper layer of the withering pan conveyors 61 passing through the near infrared detection means 10 and falling onto the next layer of the withering pan conveyors 61. Through the near-infrared detection device 10 arranged on each layer, the change process of the tea leaves in the withering treatment can be known, so that the influence of the withering treatment on the quality of the tea leaves can be known more clearly. As shown in fig. 2c, two adjacent withering flat conveyors 61 are offset and the tea leaves on the two adjacent withering flat conveyors 61 are transported in opposite directions. Preferably, the withering apparatus 60 employs a near infrared detection device 10 as shown in fig. 5 a.
The tea processing system is provided with the near infrared detection device 10 in the links of withering treatment, drying treatment and the like so as to realize real-time online detection on the moisture content in the tea processing process and ensure that a producer can intuitively observe the change of moisture in the processing process in real time through a data visualization mode; a near-infrared detection device 10 is additionally arranged in the fermentation treatment link, the quality of the finished tea is related to the content of the tea, and the relation between the change of the content of the tea and the quality of the tea is analyzed.
Example two
The invention provides a fermentation system for the tea processing system, comprising: the fermentation equipment 70 for fermenting tea leaves is provided with a near-infrared detection device 10 for detecting the fermented tea leaves at a discharge port of the fermentation equipment 70 so as to know the conditions of the water content of the fermented tea leaves and the like.
As shown in fig. 2b, the fermentation apparatus 70 may adopt the above-mentioned structure of the multi-layer fermentation flat conveying belt 71, and the near-infrared detection device 10 is added at the feeding port of the fermentation apparatus 70. Preferably, the near infrared detecting means disposed at the outlet of the fermentation apparatus 70 may adopt the structure shown in fig. 4 a.
EXAMPLE III
The invention provides a drying system, which is applied to the tea processing system and comprises: drying equipment 80 for drying tea leaves, wherein a discharge hole of the drying equipment 80 is provided with a near-infrared detection device 10 for detecting the tea leaves subjected to drying treatment so as to know the conditions such as the water content of the tea leaves subjected to drying treatment.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 2a, the drying device 80 includes a primary drying device 81, a secondary drying device 82 and a foot drying device 83, which are sequentially arranged, and a discharge port of the primary drying device 81, a discharge port of the secondary drying device 82 and a discharge port of the foot drying device 83 are respectively provided with the near-infrared detection device 10, so as to know variation characteristics of the tea leaves in a specific process of the drying process and influence of the variation characteristics on the quality of a finished product, so as to adjust and optimize the drying process. Preferably, the near-infrared detection device 10 disposed at the discharge port of the foot drying apparatus 83 may adopt the structure shown in fig. 3 a.
Example four
The invention provides a tea evaluation method, which comprises the following steps: the tea processing system is used for processing tea, and near-infrared detection data of the tea subjected to fermentation processing and near-infrared detection data of the tea subjected to drying processing are obtained, wherein the near-infrared detection data are spectrum information detected by a near-infrared spectrometer.
The tea evaluation method acquires the spectral information of the tea in the processing process, combines the quality of the tea processed into a finished product, is convenient to know the change characteristics of the tea in the processing process and the influence characteristics of the change characteristics on the quality of the finished product tea, provides a basis for the regulation and control of the processing technology, and improves the controllability.
Specifically, in the same batch, samples are respectively collected at different time points of tea fermentation, near-infrared detection spectra and physicochemical data of the samples are obtained, the samples at different time points are made into finished tea, sensory evaluation is performed by a master, sensory evaluation scores are correlated with spectra obtained in the early stage, spectra corresponding to tea with high finished product quality and the time points of fermentation are found by combining the physicochemical data, and inflection points of optimal fermentation time are found, so that the process is optimized, and the purposes of reducing energy consumption and stabilizing quality are achieved. Through the series of work, the original experience assessment mode of a master can be upgraded into a visual, digital and controllable parameter index.
Sampling is carried out once every half hour in each link of withering treatment, fermentation treatment, drying treatment and the like, and physicochemical data are obtained through laboratory physicochemical experiments according to GB5009.3-2016 (national food safety standard for determination of moisture) after spectrum scanning.
After each batch of tea is produced, sampling and scanning a spectrum, asking a majordomo to taste, and giving a score according to a score of 10; therefore, a relation model between the tea quality grade and the near infrared spectrum is established.
The grading fraction of the tea leaves sampled at different time points of tea leaf fermentation after the tea leaves are made into finished products and the corresponding spectrum and physicochemical data of withering treatment, fermentation treatment and drying treatment are obtained, so that the relation between the grading fraction and the spectrum of the finished tea leaves can be summarized, and the process can be conveniently adjusted accordingly.
The above description is only a few embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications to the embodiments of the present invention according to the disclosure of the application document without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (14)
1. A tea processing system, comprising:
fermentation equipment for performing fermentation treatment on the tea;
drying equipment for drying the tea leaves;
a discharge port of the fermentation equipment is provided with a near-infrared detection device for detecting the fermented tea; and a discharge port of the drying equipment is provided with a near-infrared detection device for detecting the tea subjected to drying treatment.
2. The tea processing system according to claim 1, wherein the near infrared detection device comprises a vertical movement mechanism and a near infrared spectrometer mounted to the vertical movement mechanism.
3. The tea processing system according to claim 2, wherein the near infrared detection device comprises a lateral movement mechanism, the vertical movement mechanism being mounted to the lateral movement mechanism.
4. The tea processing system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the drying device comprises a primary drying device, a secondary drying device and a sufficient drying device which are arranged in sequence, and the near-infrared detection device is arranged at a discharge port of the primary drying device, a discharge port of the secondary drying device and a discharge port of the sufficient drying device respectively.
5. The tea processing system according to claim 4, wherein the near-infrared detector disposed at the outlet of the foot-drying device comprises a drying outlet conveyor belt, the drying outlet conveyor belt is inclined downward from a feeding end to an outlet end, and a near-infrared spectrometer of the near-infrared detector is disposed at the feeding end of the drying outlet conveyor belt.
6. The tea processing system of claim 5, wherein the drying outfeed conveyor belt is provided with a blade homogenizer, the axis of rotation of the blade homogenizer being disposed along the width of the drying outfeed conveyor belt; the blade leaf homogenizing device is positioned on one side of the near-infrared spectrometer, which is close to the discharge end of the drying and discharging conveyor belt.
7. The tea processing system according to claim 1, wherein the inlet of the fermentation device is provided with a near infrared detection device.
8. The tea processing system of claim 1 wherein the fermentation device comprises a multi-layer fermentation flat belt, the tea leaves on an upper layer of the fermentation flat belt being able to fall onto a lower layer of the fermentation flat belt.
9. A tea processing system according to claim 1 including a withering device for withering tea leaves passing through the withering device towards the fermentation device, the discharge outlet of the withering device being provided with near infrared detection means for detecting withered tea leaves.
10. The tea processing system of claim 9 wherein said withering means comprises a plurality of withering pan conveyors, the outlets of each of said withering pan conveyors being provided with said near infrared detection means, and tea leaves on a previous one of said withering pan conveyors passing through said near infrared detection means and falling onto a next one of said withering pan conveyors.
11. A tea processing system according to claim 1 or 9 wherein the near infrared detection means is capable of detecting the moisture content of the tea leaves;
and/or the near-infrared detection device can detect the content of the tea, wherein the content comprises at least one of tea polyphenol, theabrownin and catechin.
12. A fermentation system for use in a tea processing system according to any one of claims 1 to 11, comprising: carry out fermentation treatment's fermentation equipment to tealeaves, fermentation equipment's discharge gate is provided with and is used for carrying out the near-infrared detection device that detects to tealeaves through fermentation treatment.
13. A drying system for use in a tea processing system according to any one of claims 1 to 11, comprising: drying equipment who carries out drying process to tealeaves, drying equipment's discharge gate is provided with and is used for carrying out the near-infrared detection device that detects to drying process's tealeaves.
14. A method of assessing tea, comprising:
tea leaves are processed using a tea processing system according to any one of claims 1 to 11 and the near infrared detection data of the tea leaves after fermentation treatment and the near infrared detection data of the tea leaves after drying treatment are obtained.
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