CN111132080A - Self-adaptive seamless switching system and method for multi-network converged communication - Google Patents
Self-adaptive seamless switching system and method for multi-network converged communication Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a self-adaptive seamless switching system and a self-adaptive seamless switching method for multi-network converged communication, which are characterized in that a multi-antenna integration technology, a seamless mobile communication technology under a high dynamic environment and an RDSS (radio data system) receiving technology are used for fusing multiple networks such as Beidou, communication satellites and public network communication, so that a multi-level converged communication mechanism with public network communication as a first level, satellite communication as a second level and Beidou satellite communication as a third level is formed, and the system can select an optimal communication mode according to communication quality and communication cost under different flight areas and flight heights, thereby realizing efficient air-ground information fusion and sharing and providing powerful and reliable data communication support for navigation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aviation communication, in particular to a self-adaptive seamless switching system and a self-adaptive seamless switching method for multi-network converged communication.
Background
According to 2017 general aviation reports in china, as of 6 months in 17, china already has nearly three thousand general aviation aircrafts. The aviation industry, the world with the largest population and the fastest economic development, is in an unprecedented rapid development stage under the strong support and encouragement of governments. With the rapid development of the field of navigation, aeronautical communication becomes a significant problem that has to be faced. In the application of the traditional aviation communication technology, although basic communication tasks can be realized, problems of blind areas, continuous communication obstacles and the like still exist in the aviation communication.
Problem 1: navigation communication coverage blind area
Effective communication connection between ground control personnel and flight pilots is an important guarantee for realizing flight safety, and compared with European and American countries, China has a certain gap in the development aspect of the general aviation field. In the general aviation flight process, general aviation communication is an important guarantee for navigation control.
The low-altitude airspace guarantee facilities in China are not sound, and in addition, the flying height of a general aircraft is low, the current air management means is difficult to monitor and track the low-altitude airspace guarantee facilities in real time, and the navigation communication coverage has blind areas, so that the system monitoring is not perfect. China is vast, so that the cost of arranging special communication stations for navigation communication is huge, the terrain environment of China is complex, and how to provide seamless communication coverage in complex areas such as wide mountainous areas, sea areas, cities and the like of China becomes one of navigation communication difficulties.
Problem 2: difficulty in maintaining high quality mobile communications under high dynamics
As a navigable aircraft has strong maneuverability in the air, many challenges are brought to high-quality mobile communication: the high mobility causes the state change of a communication channel to be large, including Doppler frequency shift and large fluctuation of the gain of a receiving and transmitting channel, and causes signal deterioration; as the navigable aircraft spans the coverage area of the satellite beams, the signal levels may change, particularly at the edges of the beams; atmospheric environmental changes may also cause signal attenuation; the interference signals from the space, the electronic interference of other electronic devices, etc. all cause interference to the general aviation communication, which is not favorable for the safety of the aircraft. In addition, the navigation aircraft moving at a high speed flies in different airspaces (such as cities, mountainous areas and sea areas), and the communication link quality of different airspaces has certain difference, which all provide great challenges for navigation communication.
At present, general aviation communication mainly has two communication modes: one is through satellite relays. The satellite communication system is an optimal means for the large passenger aircraft to perform remote transmission because of its advantages, such as wide coverage and long communication distance, which are not comparable to other communication systems. For example, united states Viasat company has joined the LiveTV company, an airborne broadband service provider, and a new generation of airborne Ka band broadband satellite communication services on 370 multiple airplanes was introduced for united states zealand airlines and continental airlines by 2015. Satellite relays mainly adopt international maritime satellite SBB services (such as Via Sat, OnAir, Aero Mobile), Houss Ku band satellites (Row44) and Intelsat Ku band DVB-S2 and other geostations, frequency bands mainly adopt Ku band, and companies such as Aircell and Viasat plan to adopt Ka band satellites due to the fact that frequency spectrum resources are increasingly tense. Another is to use a ground based base station. There are currently mainly ligo networks by LiveTV and airfell. The Aircell company cooperates with the high-pass and Zhongxing companies, and hundreds of air base stations are established locally in the United states by adopting the EV-DO technology, so that Gogo airborne Internet access is provided.
The data types, the use ranges, the transmission delay, the transmission distance, the anti-interference performance and the like of different communication modes are different, and compared with satellite communication, the ground base station communication has the advantages of high-altitude three-dimensional coverage, high data bandwidth, low delay, low cost and reusability of the frequency band of the ground base station communication, and the ground frequency spectrum utilization rate is improved. But the ground base station communication can only cover land area, can not cover sea area, and has yet to be licensed in frequency by telecommunication operators. Satellite communication has the advantage of covering the world, but has the disadvantages of narrow bandwidth and huge cost.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a self-adaptive seamless switching system and a self-adaptive seamless switching method for multi-network converged communication, which solve the defects in the prior art.
In order to realize the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
an adaptive seamless handover system for multi-network converged communication, comprising: the system comprises a navigation aircraft, an airborne communication system, a ground director system, a ground control center, an all-weather satellite, a Beidou satellite, public network communication, an antenna system, a radio frequency system and a rear-end digital processing system.
The airborne communication system realizes bidirectional communication between the navigation aircraft and the ground command system and preferential switching among different communication links through multi-network fusion of the Beidou satellite, the communication satellite and public network communication, realizes return of satellite communication and Beidou navigation system information under the condition of no public network signal coverage, and the navigation aircraft carries the airborne communication system.
The ground command machine system receives flight state data of the navigation aircraft returned by the sky communication satellite, the Beidou satellite and the public network communication link in real time, analyzes and fuses the multi-channel data, and returns the multi-channel data to the ground control center; meanwhile, the ground commander packs and encapsulates the control instruction of the ground control center according to a corresponding communication protocol according to a communication link adopted by the navigation aircraft, and sends the control data to the navigation aircraft; in addition, the ground director carries out real-time command monitoring and management on the communication quality of the navigation aircraft, and functions of aircraft communication state information display and monitoring, communication equipment parameter configuration, communication link centralized management and the like are achieved. The ground commander can provide reliable guarantee of a ground end for real-time communication of the navigation aircraft.
The ground director system includes: a director host and a director software system; the director host is a hardware platform for bearing a software system; the software system is mainly responsible for communication management, state monitoring, data analysis and encapsulation and link selection control functions;
in addition, the ground director system is also provided with a public network data interface, and is provided with a corresponding gateway data interface or a satellite communication antenna and a receiver/transmitter according to the adopted satellite communication link.
An antenna system: the antenna mainly receives/radiates radio frequency signals, adopts a high-efficiency receiving/transmitting coplanar antenna, has high gain and low profile, and is suitable for mounting various carriers such as helicopters, fixed-wing airplanes and the like; the inertial navigation combination and the satellite beacon feedback stable tracking technology ensure the excellent stable tracking performance of the antenna; the antenna material is made of ultra-light materials, and has high strength and low weight; the tracking is stable under high dynamic conditions.
The radio frequency system is used for completing antenna adaptation, multichannel receiving radio frequency preprocessing, power amplification of radio frequency signals, radio frequency exchange, frequency conversion between the radio frequency signals and intermediate frequency signals and AD/DA digital-to-analog conversion;
the back-end digital processing system is used for completing the exchange of intermediate frequency signals, the modulation/demodulation of the signals, the signal processing and the data processing.
Further, the on-board communication system includes: the airborne communication link, the airborne antenna and the airborne communication module are combined,
the airborne communication link consists of a communication satellite link, a Beidou satellite link and a public network communication link, and the navigation aircraft can be flexibly switched among three communication modes according to actual conditions.
The airborne communication module consists of a satellite terminal, a Beidou terminal, a public network terminal and a communication manager;
the satellite terminal, the Beidou terminal and the public network terminal are used for receiving instructions or messages.
The communication manager is used for receiving instructions or messages from a communication satellite link, a Beidou satellite link and a public network link, and can monitor the states of various network links after being processed by the communication manager; the method comprises the following steps of acquiring data information from a link, realizing control over different network links, further realizing selection, switching and management of different data links under multi-network fusion, wherein the selection rule of the link comprises the following points:
(1) when only one communication link is available, the available link must be selected to meet the requirement of the system for flight data communication;
(2) when a plurality of links are available at the same time, the indexes of economy, reliability, instantaneity and the like of communication are comprehensively considered, and the link which best meets the requirement of general aviation communication is automatically selected.
The communication manager receives instructions or messages from a communication satellite link, a Beidou satellite link and a public network link from an extensible standard protocol interface, and can monitor the states of various network links after the instructions or the messages are processed by the communication manager; acquiring data information from the link and realizing control of different network links;
when the communication link function needs to be operated, all hardware module resources related to the function item are combined under the support of a system network to form a complete hardware resource link channel from an antenna, a radio frequency channel and digital signal processing to data processing, and meanwhile, a communication link is formed by loading and operating communication software.
Further, the adaptive seamless handover system for multi-network converged communication further comprises software, wherein the software comprises: the system comprises an integrated management layer, a data processing layer and a signal processing layer;
a) integrated management layer
The integrated management layer mainly realizes a multi-chain integrated management function and completes centralized management of a plurality of links in a unified way. In order to realize the selection and switching of different data chains under multi-network fusion, a subnet switching management module in the communication manager core software is particularly important, and for the module, the rules and algorithms for link selection need to be analyzed and explained in detail. The link selection rule of the communication manager should satisfy:
i) when only one link is available, the available link must be selected to meet the rigidity requirement of the system for data communication;
and ii) when a plurality of links are available at the same time, the indexes of economy, reliability, instantaneity and the like of communication are comprehensively considered, and the link which best meets the requirement of general aviation communication is automatically selected.
b) Data processing layer
And the data processing layer performs framing/framing, error correction coding/decoding, packing/unpacking and data integrity checking processing on the service data according to the data processing requirements of various different waveform applications.
c) Signal processing layer
The signal processing layer completes the signal processing functions of various waveforms, including quadrature up/down conversion, decimation filtering, modulation/demodulation, frequency hopping/debounce, generation of transmitting digital intermediate frequency signals, and control of the receiving and transmitting time sequence, and control and management of parameters of the frequency conversion module and the antenna interface unit.
The invention also discloses a self-adaptive seamless switching method for multi-network converged communication, which comprises the following steps:
firstly, the communication manager detects the communication quality of the public network communication link, and if the communication quality meets the requirement, the public network communication link is used, and other links are hot-standby. If the public network communication quality does not meet the requirement, the communication quality of the satellite communication link is detected, and if the public network communication quality meets the requirement, the satellite communication link is used, and other links are hot standby. If the communication quality of the satellite communication link does not meet the requirement, whether the communication quality of the Beidou satellite communication link meets the requirement is detected, if the communication quality meets the requirement, the satellite communication link and the Beidou short message communication link are used simultaneously, data are repeatedly transmitted in spare parts according to two paths, a ground system is used for screening and removing the weight, and the satellite communication is preferentially used indiscriminately. And if the communication quality of the Beidou satellite does not meet the requirement, returning a warning that all data links are unavailable to the control center.
Further, the flow of the link work is as follows:
1. after power-on, each module completes self hardware drive initialization and power-on BIT;
2. starting a system to establish network connections such as RIO, CAN, Ethernet and the like;
3. the system collects the state of each module resource and initializes the function application software;
4. the function reports the initialization state result;
5. the system starts the link closed loop self-check.
And if the initialization result and the link closed loop self-checking result are normal, completing parameter setting and communication. If the initialization result and the link closed loop self-checking result have faults, the system resources are redistributed and the functions are reconfigured according to the fault mode and a preset strategy.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
providing high-quality communication service based on public network base station, reducing communication and network deployment cost
Considering that the ground public network communication has the advantages of large channel capacity, high communication speed, good communication quality, low communication cost and the like, the ground public network base station can be used for navigation communication, and high-quality communication guarantee is provided for navigation. In addition, in recent years, communication networks in China are rapidly developed, currently, 4G networks cover most of the population in China, and 5G networks are rapidly popularized. By using the existing public network communication base station with mature technology, the cost of navigation communication and station arrangement can be greatly reduced.
The coexistence of public network, satellite and Beidou multi-network and the self-adaptive seamless switching ensure the seamless coverage and the service quality of communication
The communication is carried out in different airspaces and flight heights by combining the advantages of public network communication, satellite communication and Beidou communication in communication quality, cost and coverage range, the communication scheme of public network priority, satellite communication and Beidou standby is adopted, and corresponding communication links are seamlessly switched according to communication quality requirements and cost to realize high-quality communication service in a high-speed mobile environment, so that communication guarantee can be provided for communication requirements of data transmission, voice communication, navigation positioning and the like in complex areas such as mountainous areas, sea areas and the like with the flight height of 0-3000 meters and the flight speed of 0-400 kilometers per hour, the technical characteristics of strong safety and high controllability are provided, the communication method is applied to the research of general aviation safety monitoring technology, and the monitoring of the ground and air activities of general aviation aircrafts, the monitoring of the ground and the air activities can be improved, The tracking and guaranteeing capability solves the supervision blind area, reduces the potential safety hazard, improves the aviation operation performance and ensures the low-altitude operation safety.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a global schematic of an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 2 is a general architecture diagram of an adaptive seamless handover system for multi-network converged communication according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an airborne communication system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an onboard communication module in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a ground director system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a flowchart of an adaptive seamless handover method for multi-network converged communication according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a block diagram of the hardware of the multi-network convergence communication module according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the general structure of a communication manager according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a flow chart of a communication manager link selection algorithm according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a flow chart of link operation according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings by way of examples.
The core idea of the invention is to fuse multiple networks such as Beidou, communication satellites and public network communication through a multi-antenna integration technology, a seamless mobile communication technology under a high dynamic environment and an RDSS receiving technology to form a multi-level fusion communication mechanism which takes public network communication as a first level, satellite communication as a second level and Beidou satellite communication as a third level, so that the system can select an optimal communication mode according to communication quality and communication cost in different flight areas and flight heights, thereby realizing efficient space-ground-air information fusion and sharing and providing powerful and reliable data communication support for navigation.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, an adaptive seamless handover system for multi-network converged communication includes: the system comprises an airborne communication system, a ground command machine, a ground management center, an heaven-earth satellite, a Beidou satellite and public network communication.
Airborne communication system
Through multi-network fusion of Beidou, communication satellites and public network communication, two-way communication between the manned aircraft and the ground command system and preferential switching among different communication links are realized, and satellite communication and returning of Beidou navigation system information are realized under the condition of no public network signal coverage.
The airborne communication system is an important part of the multi-network convergence technology and system, and consists of a communication link, an airborne antenna and an airborne communication module, as shown in fig. 3. The airborne communication link consists of a communication satellite link, a Beidou satellite link and a public network communication link, and the airborne communication system realizes information interaction through an airborne antenna and a communication satellite/Beidou satellite/public network base station, realizes seamless mobile communication and can communicate in different flight areas and flight heights.
Airborne communication module
As shown in fig. 4, the airborne communication module is composed of a terminal and a communication manager, the airborne terminal integrates a satellite terminal, a Beidou terminal and a public network terminal, and different protocols adopted by the communication manager realize data integration, multi-network seamless switching and the like.
The communication manager receives instructions or messages from a communication satellite link, a Beidou satellite link and a public network link from an extensible standard protocol interface, and can monitor the states of various network links after the instructions or the messages are processed by the communication manager; data information is acquired from the links, control over different network links is realized, selection, switching and management of different data links under multi-network fusion are further realized, and the selection rule of the links has the following points:
(1) when only one communication link is available, the available link must be selected to meet the requirement of the system for flight data communication;
(2) when a plurality of links are available at the same time, the indexes of economy, reliability, instantaneity and the like of communication are comprehensively considered, and the link which best meets the requirement of general aviation communication is automatically selected.
Ground command machine system
As shown in fig. 5, the communication ground director system is an indispensable component of the multi-network converged communication system, and mainly performs functions of information bidirectional transceiving, communication link selection management, centralized monitoring of various communication devices, parameter configuration, management, system operation, and the like.
And selecting the communication link with the highest cost-effectiveness ratio in real time on the premise of ensuring the communication quality according to the factors such as the signal quality, the communication cost, the communication speed and the like of the navigation aircraft. And real-time data interaction between the ground command machine and the ground control center is realized through network fusion and data fusion.
The ground commander receives flight state data of the navigation aircraft returned by communication links such as a satellite, a Beidou and a public network in real time, analyzes and fuses multiple paths of data, and returns the data to the ground control center; meanwhile, the ground commanding machine packs and encapsulates the control instruction of the ground control center according to a corresponding communication protocol according to a communication link adopted by the navigation aircraft, and sends the control data to the navigation aircraft; in addition, the ground commander carries out real-time command monitoring and management on the communication quality of the navigation aircraft, and realizes the functions of aircraft communication state information display and monitoring, communication equipment parameter configuration, communication link centralized management and the like. The ground commander can provide reliable guarantee of a ground end for real-time communication of the navigation aircraft.
The ground director mainly comprises a director host, a director software system, a data link interface and the like. The host of the command machine is a hardware platform for bearing software systems and other functions; the software system is mainly responsible for functions of communication management, state monitoring, data analysis and encapsulation, link selection and control and the like; in addition, the director is equipped with a common network data interface and a corresponding gateway data interface or satellite communication antenna and receiver/transmitter depending on the satellite communication link used.
Adaptive seamless handover scheme
The system can select the optimal communication mode according to the actual operation scene, the communication quality and the communication cost. The adaptive seamless handover scheme is shown in fig. 6:
firstly, the communication manager detects the communication quality of the public network communication link, and if the communication quality meets the requirement, the public network communication link is used, and other links are hot-standby. If the public network communication quality does not meet the requirement, the communication quality of the satellite communication link is detected, and if the public network communication quality meets the requirement, the satellite communication link is used, and other links are hot standby. If the communication quality of the satellite communication link does not meet the requirement, whether the communication quality of the Beidou satellite communication link meets the requirement is detected, if the communication quality meets the requirement, the satellite communication link and the Beidou short message communication link are used simultaneously, data are repeatedly transmitted according to double paths in a backup mode, the ground system is used for screening and removing the duplicate, and the satellite communication is preferentially used indiscriminately. And if the communication quality of the Beidou satellite does not meet the requirement, returning a warning that all data links are unavailable to the control center.
Multi-network integration software and hardware design
(1) Hardware system:
the multi-network converged communication hardware system mainly comprises four parts, namely an antenna, radio frequency processing, back-end digital processing and a communication manager. The antenna mainly receives/radiates radio frequency signals; the radio frequency processing mainly completes antenna adaptation, multichannel receiving radio frequency preprocessing, power amplification of radio frequency signals, radio frequency exchange, frequency conversion between the radio frequency signals and intermediate frequency signals, and AD/DA digital-to-analog conversion; the back-end digital processing mainly completes the exchange of intermediate frequency signals, the modulation/demodulation of the signals, the signal processing and the data processing; the communication manager mainly completes the functions of system integrated control management, high-speed digital signal exchange and routing, data receiving and transmitting, protocol processing and the like. The principle is shown in fig. 7.
An antenna system: the antenna mainly receives/radiates radio frequency signals, and the satellite communication antenna system adopts a high-efficiency receiving and transmitting coplanar antenna, has high gain and low profile, and is suitable for mounting various carriers such as helicopters, fixed-wing airplanes and the like; the inertial navigation combination and the satellite beacon feedback stable tracking technology ensure the excellent stable tracking performance of the antenna; the antenna material is made of ultra-light materials, and has high strength and low weight; the tracking is stable under high dynamic conditions. The Beidou antenna and the 4G antenna are omnidirectional antennas, namely, the antenna shows 360-degree uniform radiation on a horizontal directional diagram. The antenna has small volume and light weight, and the antenna is installed without shielding between the antenna and a satellite or a base station.
Radio frequency: the radio frequency system is an outdoor type device for up/down frequency conversion for reception and transmission (Rx/Tx). The transmitting channel converts the signals received from the power amplifier transmitting port into transmitting wave band signals, and the transmitting wave band signals are transmitted to the space through the antenna. The receiving channel antenna receives the signals of the space, then converts the high-frequency band signals into low-frequency band signals, and transmits the low-frequency band signals to a receiving port of a baseband, so that communication transmission is realized.
Baseband: the baseband link mainly completes the exchange of intermediate frequency signals, the modulation/demodulation of the signals, the signal processing and the data processing.
As shown in fig. 8, the communication manager: the communication manager receives instructions or messages from a communication satellite link, a Beidou satellite link and a public network link from an extensible standard protocol interface, and can monitor the states of various network links after the instructions or the messages are processed by the communication manager; the schematic diagram of the overall structure of communication management for acquiring data information from links, controlling different network links and providing a system with more reliable, more stable and safer communication management is shown in fig. 8:
when the communication link function needs to be operated, all hardware module resources related to the function item are combined under the support of a system network to form a complete hardware resource link channel from an antenna, a radio frequency channel and digital signal processing to data processing, and meanwhile, a communication link is formed by loading and operating communication software.
(2) Software design
According to the requirement of function implementation, the implementation of software is divided into three layers, including from top to bottom:
a) integrated management layer
The integrated management layer mainly realizes a multi-chain integrated management function and completes centralized management of a plurality of links in a unified way. In order to realize the selection and switching of different data chains under multi-network fusion, a subnet switching management module in the communication manager core software is particularly important, and for the module, the rules and algorithms for link selection need to be analyzed and explained in detail. The link selection rule of the communication manager should satisfy:
1. when only one link is available, the available link must be selected to meet the rigidity requirement of the system for data communication;
2. when a plurality of links are available at the same time, the indexes of economy, reliability, instantaneity and the like of communication are comprehensively considered, and the link which best meets the requirement of general aviation communication is automatically selected.
The flow of the communication manager link selection algorithm according to the above link selection rule is shown in fig. 9.
b) Data processing layer
And the data processing layer performs framing/framing, error correction coding/decoding, packing/unpacking, data integrity check and other processing on the service data according to the data processing requirements of various different waveform applications.
c) Signal processing layer
The signal processing layer completes the signal processing functions of various waveforms, including quadrature up/down conversion, decimation filtering, modulation/demodulation, frequency hopping/debounce, generation of transmitting digital intermediate frequency signals, receiving and transmitting time sequence control, parameter control and management of the frequency conversion module and the antenna interface unit, and the like.
d) Software workflow
The flow of the link operation is shown in fig. 10.
The main process comprises the following steps:
1. after power-on, each module completes self hardware drive initialization and power-on BIT;
2. starting a system to establish network connections such as RIO, CAN, Ethernet and the like;
3. the system collects the state of each module resource and initializes the function application software;
4. the function reports the initialization state result;
5. the system starts the link closed loop self-check.
And if the initialization result and the link closed loop self-checking result are normal, completing parameter setting and communication. If the initialization result and the link closed loop self-checking result have faults, the system resources are redistributed and the functions are reconfigured according to the fault mode and a preset strategy.
It will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that the examples described herein are intended to assist the reader in understanding the manner in which the invention is practiced, and it is to be understood that the scope of the invention is not limited to such specifically recited statements and examples. Those skilled in the art can make numerous other specific variations and combinations based on the teachings of the present disclosure without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. An adaptive seamless handover system for multi-network converged communication, comprising: the system comprises a navigation aircraft, an airborne communication system, a ground command machine system, a ground control center, an all-weather satellite, a Beidou satellite, public network communication, an antenna system, a radio frequency system and a rear-end digital processing system;
the airborne communication system realizes two-way communication between the navigation aircraft and the ground command system and preferential switching among different communication links through multi-network fusion of a Beidou satellite, a communication satellite and public network communication, realizes return of satellite communication and Beidou navigation system information under the condition of no public network signal coverage, and carries the airborne communication system;
the ground command machine system receives flight state data of the navigation aircraft returned by the sky communication satellite, the Beidou satellite and the public network communication link in real time, analyzes and fuses the multi-channel data, and returns the multi-channel data to the ground control center; meanwhile, the ground commander packs and encapsulates the control instruction of the ground control center according to a corresponding communication protocol according to a communication link adopted by the navigation aircraft, and sends the control data to the navigation aircraft; in addition, the ground command machine carries out real-time command monitoring and management on the communication quality of the navigation aircraft, and the functions of communication state information display and monitoring, communication equipment parameter configuration and communication link centralized management of the navigation aircraft are realized; the ground commander provides reliable guarantee of a ground end for real-time communication of the navigation aircraft;
the ground director system includes: a director host and a director software system; the director host is a hardware platform for bearing a software system; the software system is mainly responsible for communication management, state monitoring, data analysis and encapsulation and link selection control functions;
in addition, the ground director system is also provided with a public network data interface, and is provided with a corresponding gateway data interface or a satellite communication antenna and a receiver/transmitter according to the adopted satellite communication link;
an antenna system: the receiving/radiation of radio frequency signals is completed, a coplanar antenna is received and transmitted with high efficiency, high gain and low profile are adopted; the inertial navigation combination and the satellite beacon feedback stable tracking technology ensure the excellent stable tracking performance of the antenna; the antenna material is made of ultra-light materials, and has high strength and low weight; tracking is stable under the high dynamic condition;
the radio frequency system is used for completing antenna adaptation, multichannel receiving radio frequency preprocessing, power amplification of radio frequency signals, radio frequency exchange, frequency conversion between the radio frequency signals and intermediate frequency signals and AD/DA digital-to-analog conversion;
the back-end digital processing system is used for completing the exchange of intermediate frequency signals, the modulation/demodulation of the signals, the signal processing and the data processing.
2. The system according to claim 1, wherein the system comprises: the airborne communication system includes: an airborne communication link, an airborne antenna and an airborne communication module,
the airborne communication link consists of a communication satellite link, a Beidou satellite link and a public network communication link, so that the navigation aircraft can be flexibly switched among three communication modes according to actual conditions;
the airborne communication module consists of a satellite terminal, a Beidou terminal, a public network terminal and a communication manager;
the satellite terminal, the Beidou terminal and the public network terminal are used for receiving instructions or messages;
the communication manager is used for receiving instructions or messages from a communication satellite link, a Beidou satellite link and a public network link, and can monitor the states of various network links after being processed by the communication manager; the method comprises the following steps of acquiring data information from a link, controlling different network links, and further selecting, switching and managing different data links under multi-network fusion, wherein the selection rule of the link comprises the following points:
(1) when only one communication link is available, the available link must be selected to meet the requirement of the system for flight data communication;
(2) when a plurality of links are available at the same time, the economic, reliability and real-time indexes of communication are comprehensively considered, and the link which best meets the requirements of general aviation communication is automatically selected;
the communication manager receives instructions or messages from a communication satellite link, a Beidou satellite link and a public network link from an extensible standard protocol interface, and can monitor the states of various network links after the instructions or the messages are processed by the communication manager; acquiring data information from the link and realizing control of different network links;
when the communication link function needs to be operated, all hardware module resources related to the function item are combined under the support of a system network to form a complete hardware resource link channel from an antenna, a radio frequency channel and digital signal processing to data processing, and meanwhile, a communication link is formed by loading and operating communication software.
3. The system according to claim 2, wherein the system comprises: the adaptive seamless switching system also comprises software;
the software comprises: the system comprises an integrated management layer, a data processing layer and a signal processing layer;
a) integrated management layer
The integrated management layer mainly realizes a multi-link integrated management function and uniformly completes the centralized management of a plurality of links; in order to realize the selection and switching of different data chains under multi-network fusion, a subnet switching management module in the core software of the communication manager is particularly important, and for the module, the rules and algorithms for link selection need to be analyzed and explained in detail; the link selection rule of the communication manager should satisfy:
i) when only one link is available, the available link must be selected to meet the rigidity requirement of the system for data communication;
ii) when a plurality of links are available at the same time, the economic, reliability and real-time performance indexes of communication are comprehensively considered, and the link which best meets the requirement of general aviation communication is automatically selected;
b) data processing layer
The data processing layer performs framing/framing, error correction coding/decoding, packing/unpacking and data integrity check processing on the service data according to the data processing requirements of various different waveform applications;
c) signal processing layer
The signal processing layer completes the signal processing functions of various waveforms, including quadrature up/down conversion, decimation filtering, modulation/demodulation, frequency hopping/debounce, generation of transmitting digital intermediate frequency signals, and control of the receiving and transmitting time sequence, and control and management of parameters of the frequency conversion module and the antenna interface unit.
4. The handover method of an adaptive seamless handover system for multi-network converged communication according to one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: firstly, a communication manager detects the communication quality of a public network communication link, if the communication quality meets the requirement, the public network communication link is used, and other links are hot standby; if the public network communication quality does not meet the requirement, detecting the communication quality of the satellite communication link, and if the public network communication quality meets the requirement, using the satellite communication link and hot standby other links; if the communication quality of the satellite communication link does not meet the requirement, detecting whether the communication quality of the Beidou satellite communication link meets the requirement, if so, simultaneously using the satellite communication and Beidou short message communication, repeatedly backing up and transmitting data according to two paths, screening and removing the weight by a ground system, and preferentially using the satellite communication without difference; and if the communication quality of the Beidou satellite does not meet the requirement, returning a warning that all data links are unavailable to the control center.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein: the link work flow is as follows:
1. after power-on, each module completes self hardware drive initialization and power-on BIT;
2. starting the system to establish RIO, CAN and Ethernet network connection;
3. the system collects the state of each module resource and initializes the function application software;
4. the function reports the initialization state result;
5. the system starts the closed loop self-check of the link;
if the initialization result and the link closed loop self-checking result are normal, parameter setting is completed for communication; if the initialization result and the link closed loop self-checking result have faults, the system resources are redistributed and the functions are reconstructed according to the fault mode and a preset strategy.
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