CN111130643A - Microwave photon phase shifting device with no light filtering and adjustable frequency multiplication factor and method - Google Patents

Microwave photon phase shifting device with no light filtering and adjustable frequency multiplication factor and method Download PDF

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CN111130643A
CN111130643A CN201911242088.7A CN201911242088A CN111130643A CN 111130643 A CN111130643 A CN 111130643A CN 201911242088 A CN201911242088 A CN 201911242088A CN 111130643 A CN111130643 A CN 111130643A
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polarization
dual
parallel mach
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zehnder
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CN111130643B (en
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韩一石
赵蓓丝
谢胜超
罗吴金
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Guangdong University of Technology
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/50—Transmitters
    • H04B10/501—Structural aspects
    • H04B10/503—Laser transmitters
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/0136—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  for the control of polarisation, e.g. state of polarisation [SOP] control, polarisation scrambling, TE-TM mode conversion or separation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/21—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  by interference
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/50—Transmitters
    • H04B10/516—Details of coding or modulation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/21—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  by interference
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Abstract

The invention provides a microwave photon phase shifting device without optical filtering and with adjustable frequency multiplication factor and a method thereof, comprising a laser, two dual-polarization dual-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulators, a polarization controller, an analyzer and a photoelectric detector, wherein the first dual-polarization dual-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulator is cascaded with the polarization controller and the second dual-polarization dual-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulator; the first dual-polarization double-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulator arranged at the output end of the laser is cascaded with the polarization controller to generate two positive and negative second-order sidebands with orthogonal polarization; the second dual-polarization dual-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulator receives the two orthogonal positive and negative second-order sidebands generated by the polarization controller for secondary modulation, wherein the two dual-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulators of the upper and lower arms can realize single-sideband suppressed carrier positive first-order modulation or single-sideband suppressed carrier negative first-order modulation, and the phase modulator of the lower arm is used for controlling the phase shift of the microwave photon phase shifter.

Description

Microwave photon phase shifting device with no light filtering and adjustable frequency multiplication factor and method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of microwave photon phase shifters, in particular to a microwave photon phase shifting device and method without optical filtering and with adjustable frequency multiplication factors.
Background
The microwave photonic phase shifter is used as a key technology of microwave photonics, phase control is performed on microwave signals through an optical method, the problems that a traditional electronic phase shifter is small in phase adjustable range and serious in electromagnetic interference are solved, the microwave photonic phase shifter has the obvious advantages of being small in size, light in weight, small in loss and the like, and is widely applied to the fields of phased array radars and the like. However, with the increasing demand of people for multiple functions of phased array radar, the microwave photon phase shifter serving as a core device needs a wider working frequency range on the premise of meeting the requirements of adjustable 0-360-degree continuous phase, small amplitude fluctuation, strong anti-interference capability and the like, so that how to realize the microwave photon phase shifter outputting high-frequency signals is a key problem in the development of the current phased array technology.
The frequency doubling phase shifting technology ingeniously combines two key technologies of photo-generated millimeter waves and microwave photon phase shifting in microwave photonics, can simultaneously realize the functions of frequency doubling and phase control on microwave signals, saves the system cost and the link loss, and develops a new field for the development of the microwave photonics technology. The frequency doubling phase shifting technology based on the external modulator is widely concerned by domestic and foreign scholars due to the advantages of high phase tuning speed, high output signal power stability, low cost and the like, and the microwave photon phase shifting technology based on the external modulator becomes a hotspot of current research along with the high integration development of the electro-optical modulator. The main principle is that two coherent lights with frequency interval being integral multiple of the frequency of the radio frequency driving signal are generated by using the modulation characteristic of the external modulator, then the two optical sidebands are separated by processing, one of the optical sidebands is subjected to phase control, and finally the two sidebands with phase difference are combined to carry out beat frequency, so that the phase-adjustable frequency-doubling microwave signal can be obtained.
However, how to separate the two sidebands for the beat frequency for independent phase control is a core problem of the frequency-doubling phase-shifting technique. In the traditional method, sideband separation is mainly realized through optical filters such as FBGs (fiber Bragg Grating), but because the optical filters belong to wavelength dependent devices, the bandwidth of a system output signal is limited, so that the system frequency can not be adjusted in a large range, the power loss is serious, and the performance is easily influenced by factors such as temperature, so that the system is unstable.
Aiming at the problems of the frequency doubling and phase shifting technology realized by using an optical filter, the frequency doubling and phase shifting technology without optical filtering is developed, for example, schemes such as a double-frequency-shifting phase shifter without optical filtering, a quadruple-frequency-shifting phase shifter without optical filtering and the like are proposed successively, but frequency doubling factors are small and single, and the higher requirements of applications such as multifunctional radars and the like on frequency are difficult to meet.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a microwave photon phase shifting device without optical filtering and with adjustable frequency multiplication factor and a method thereof, aiming at solving the problems that the frequency multiplication factor of a phase shifter in the prior art is smaller and single, and the higher requirement of applications such as multifunctional radar on frequency is difficult to meet.
The technical means adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a microwave photon phase shift device without optical filtering and with adjustable frequency multiplication factors comprises a laser, two dual-polarization dual-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulators, a polarization controller, an analyzer and a photoelectric detector, and is characterized in that the first dual-polarization dual-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulator is cascaded with the polarization controller and the second dual-polarization dual-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulator and is used for receiving optical carriers emitted by the laser, sequentially connecting the optical carriers with the analyzer and the photoelectric detector and then outputting the optical carriers; the first dual-polarization double-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulator arranged at the output end of the laser is cascaded with the polarization controller to generate two positive and negative second-order sidebands with orthogonal polarization; the second dual-polarization dual-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulator receives the two orthogonal positive and negative second-order sidebands generated by the polarization controller for secondary modulation, wherein the two dual-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulators of the upper arm and the lower arm can realize single-sideband suppressed carrier positive first-order modulation or single-sideband suppressed carrier negative first-order modulation, so that a microwave photon phase shifter with frequency multiplication factors adjustable from two to six is generated, and the phase of the microwave photon phase shifter is controlled by the direct current bias voltage of the phase modulator in the second dual-polarization dual-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulator.
A microwave photon phase shifting method of the microwave photon phase shifting device without optical filtering and with adjustable frequency multiplication factors is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, inputting an optical carrier emitted from a laser into a first dual-polarization dual-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulator through a first polarization controller, dividing the optical carrier into optical waves in X-axis and Y-axis polarization orthogonal directions through an internal first polarization beam splitter, and respectively entering the two dual-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulators of an upper arm and a lower arm, wherein two sub MZMs of each dual-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulator work at a maximum bias point, a main MZM works at a minimum bias point, and radio-frequency signal phase differences of the two sub MZMs are equal to each other
Figure BDA0002306533330000021
The phase difference of the radio frequency signals between the two double parallel Mach-Zehnder modulators is
Figure BDA0002306533330000022
Two positive and negative second-order sidebands for suppressing the carrier waves can be respectively generated in two polarization orthogonal directions; the laser and the first polarization controller are used for generating optical carriers which form a certain polarization angle with the main shaft direction of a first polarization beam splitter in the first dual-polarization dual-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulator;
s2, controlling the polarization rotation angle of the second polarization controller to be 45 degrees, and enabling the phase difference of the two polarization orthogonal light sidebands to be
Figure BDA0002306533330000023
After the four side bands in the two polarization directions output from the first dual-polarization dual-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulator pass through the second polarization controller, a positive second-order side band and a negative second-order side band can be respectively generated in the two polarization directions;
s3, adjusting radio frequency driving signals and direct current bias voltages of the second dual-polarization dual-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulator to enable two sub MZMs of the two dual-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulators on the upper arm and the lower arm to work at the minimum bias point and enable the main MZMs to work at the minimum bias pointThe quadrature bias point is that the radio frequency signal phase difference of the two sub MZMs is
Figure BDA0002306533330000024
The half-wave voltage of the second dual-polarization dual-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulator is the same as that of the first dual-polarization dual-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulator; by changing the bias voltage values of the two main MZMs of the second dual-polarization dual-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulator, the two dual-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulators respectively realize the modulation of restraining the positive first-order sideband of a carrier or the modulation of restraining the negative first-order sideband of the carrier, namely two polarization orthogonal optical sidebands with the frequency interval of two, three, four, five and six times of the frequency of a radio frequency driving signal can be generated, wherein the phase control of the output optical sidebands of the lower-arm dual-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulator can be realized by adjusting the direct-current bias voltage of the lower-arm phase modulator, and further, the phase difference is introduced between the two generated polarization orthogonal optical sidebands;
and S4, adjusting a third polarization controller to enable the X-axis optical sideband output by the second dual-polarization dual-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulator to form 45 degrees with the main axis direction of the analyzer, converting two polarization orthogonal optical sidebands input into the analyzer into two optical sidebands in the same direction, and finally obtaining microwave signals with frequency multiplication factors of two, three, four, five and six adjustable and phases of 0-360 degrees through beat frequency of a photoelectric detector, wherein the phases of the microwave signals are directly determined by the direct-current bias voltage of the phase modulator.
According to the invention, the generation of the microwave photon phase shifter with the frequency multiplication factor adjustable from two to six can be realized by setting the radio frequency driving signals, the direct current bias points and the polarization states of the polarization controllers of the two dual-polarization dual-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulators, and the phase of the phase shifter is directly controlled by the direct current bias voltage of the phase modulator. The microwave photon phase shifting scheme with adjustable frequency doubling factors is realized under the condition of no light filtering, so the microwave photon phase shifting scheme has the obvious advantages of large-range adjustable system frequency, stable performance and the like, meets the requirements of the modern multifunctional radar on the frequency of a transmitted signal, and can select specific transmitted frequency according to different functions required by the radar while the full-range phase of 0-360 degrees is adjustable, the tuning speed is high, the operation is simple, and the microwave signal output with adjustable frequency doubling factors from two to six can be realized.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: compared with other microwave photon frequency doubling phase shifting schemes, the scheme can generate microwave signals with flexibly adjustable frequency doubling factors while meeting the requirements of phase adjustability in the full range of 0-360 degrees, high tuning speed and simple operation, can generate even frequency doubling microwave signals with frequency doubling factors of two, four and six, can also generate odd frequency doubling microwave signals with frequency doubling factors of three and five, meets the frequency requirements of modern multifunctional radars on transmitted signals, and can select specific transmitted frequency according to different functions required by the radars; and the frequency multiplication factor can reach six times at most, thereby greatly improving the working bandwidth of the system and having good application prospect in future millimeter wave radar communication.
Under the condition of not using an optical filter, the invention can realize the separation of two optical sidebands in the same polarization direction by controlling the rotation angle of the polarization controller and the phase difference of two paths of polarization orthogonal optical sidebands.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a double frequency-shift phase shifter.
Fig. 3 is a frequency tripler phase shifter.
Fig. 4 is a quadruple frequency phase shifter.
Fig. 5 is a quintuple frequency shift phase shifter.
Fig. 6 is a six-fold frequency-shifting phase shifter.
Detailed Description
The present application is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, a microwave photon phase shifting device without optical filtering and with adjustable frequency multiplication factor includes a laser LD, a first polarization controller PC1, a first dual-polarization dual-parallel mach-zehnder modulator DP-DPMZM1, a second polarization controller PC2, a second dual-polarization dual-parallel mach-zehnder modulator DP-DPMZM2, a third polarization controller PC3, an analyzer Pol, and a photodetector PD, which are connected in sequence; an output port of the laser LD is connected to an input port of a first polarization controller PC1, an output port of a first polarization controller PC1 is connected to an input port of a first dual-polarization dual-parallel mach-zehnder modulator DP-DPMZM1, an output port of the first dual-polarization dual-parallel mach-zehnder modulator DP-DPMZM1 is connected to an input port of a second polarization controller PC2, an output port of a second polarization controller PC2 is connected to an input port of a second dual-polarization dual-parallel mach-zehnder modulator DP-DPMZM2, an output port of the second dual-polarization dual-parallel mach-zehnder modulator DP-DPMZM2 is connected to an input port of a third polarization controller PC3, an output port of a third polarization controller PC3 is connected to an input port of a polarization analyzer Pol, and an output port of the analyzer Pol is connected to an input port of the photodetector PD.
The first dual-polarization dual-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulator DP-DPMZM1 comprises a first polarization beam splitter PBS1 connected with the output end of a first polarization controller PC1, a first polarization beam combiner PBC1 and a first modulator; the first modulator comprises two parallel Mach-Zehnder modulators (DPMZMa) and two parallel Mach-Zehnder modulators (DPMZMb) which are arranged in parallel; the output end of the first polarization beam splitter PBS1 is simultaneously connected with the input ends of two parallel mach-zehnder modulators DPMZMa and DPMZMb in the first modulator, which are arranged in parallel; the output ends of the two parallel Mach-Zehnder modulators are simultaneously connected to the first polarization beam combiner PBC 1; the second dual-polarization dual-parallel mach-zehnder modulator DP-DPMZM2 is composed of a second polarization beam splitter PBS2, a second polarization beam combiner PBC2 and a second modulator, wherein the second modulator is composed of two dual-parallel mach-zehnder modulators DPMZMc, DPMZMd and a phase modulator PM; the output end of the second polarization beam splitter PBS2 is simultaneously connected with the input ends of two parallel mach-zehnder modulators in the second modulator; wherein the output of the upper arm dual parallel mach-zehnder modulator DPMZMc is connected to the second polarization beam combiner PBC 2; the output port of the lower arm double parallel Mach-Zehnder modulator DPMZMd is connected in series with the phase modulator PM and then connected with the second polarization beam combiner PBC 2.
A microwave photon phase shifting method of the microwave photon phase shifting device without optical filtering and with adjustable frequency multiplication factors is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1. an optical carrier emitted from a laser LD is input into a first dual-polarization dual-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulator DP-DPMZM1 through a first polarization controller PC1, is divided into optical waves in two orthogonal polarization directions of an X axis and a Y axis through an internal first polarization beam splitter PBS1, and respectively enters an upper arm dual-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulator DPMZMa and a lower arm dual-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulator DPMZMb, wherein two sub-MZMs of each dual-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulator work at a maximum bias point, the main MZMs work at a minimum bias point, and radio-frequency signal phase differences of the two sub-MZMs are equal to each other
Figure BDA0002306533330000051
The phase difference of the radio frequency signals between the two double parallel Mach-Zehnder modulators is
Figure BDA0002306533330000052
Two positive and negative second-order sidebands for suppressing the carrier waves can be respectively generated in two polarization orthogonal directions; setting the optical carrier output by the laser LD as; ein(t)＝E0exp(jω0t) in which E0And ω0The first polarization controller PC1 is adjusted to 45 DEG, respectively, for the amplitude and angular frequency of the optical carrier, and the RF drive signal for the upper arm MZM of the X-axis dual-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulator DPMZMa is Vmsin(ωmt), the RF driving signal of the lower arm MZM is Vmcos(ωmt) in which VmAnd ωmAmplitude and angular frequency of the RF driving signal, respectively, and the two sub MZM bias voltages are both 0, and the main MZM bias voltage is equal to the half-wave voltage VπUnder the condition of small signal modulation, the X-axis direction output signal of the first dual-polarization dual-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulator can be obtained as
Figure BDA0002306533330000053
Wherein
Figure BDA0002306533330000054
The modulation index of the MZM. Meanwhile, the radio frequency driving signals of the Y-axis direction double-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulators DPMZMb and DPMZMa are
Figure BDA0002306533330000055
If the other parameters are the same, the Y-axis direction output signal of the first dual-polarization dual-parallel mach-zehnder modulator can be obtained:
Figure BDA0002306533330000056
after being combined by the first polarization beam combiner PBC1, the first dual-polarization dual-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulator DP-DPMZM1 generates two positive and negative second-order sidebands in the two polarization directions of the X axis and the Y axis respectively, which can be expressed as
Figure BDA0002306533330000057
2. The polarization rotation angle of the second polarization controller PC2 is controlled to be 45 degrees, and the phase difference of two polarization orthogonal light sidebands is controlled to be
Figure BDA0002306533330000058
Then four optical sidebands in two polarization directions output from the first dual-polarization dual-parallel mach-zehnder modulator DP-DPMZM1, after passing through the second polarization controller PC2, may generate a positive second-order sideband and a negative second-order sideband, which may be represented as a positive second-order sideband and a negative second-order sideband, respectively, in the two polarization directions
Figure BDA0002306533330000059
3. The radio frequency driving signal and the DC bias voltage of the second dual-polarization dual-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulator DP-DPMZM2 are adjusted to enable the two dual-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulators D on the upper arm and the lower armTwo sub MZMs of the PMZMC and the double parallel Mach-Zehnder modulator DPMZMd work at a minimum bias point, the main MZM works at a quadrature bias point, and the radio frequency phase difference of the two sub MZMs is
Figure BDA0002306533330000061
The half-wave voltage of the second dual-polarization dual-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulator is the same as that of the first dual-polarization dual-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulator; by changing the bias voltage values of the two main MZMs of the second dual-polarization dual-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulator DP-DPMZM2, the two dual-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulators DPMZMc and the dual-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulator DPMZMd respectively realize the suppression of the modulation of the carrier positive first-order sideband or the suppression of the modulation of the carrier negative first-order sideband, namely two polarization orthogonal optical sidebands with the frequency interval of two, three, four, five or six times of the frequency of a radio frequency driving signal can be generated, wherein the phase control of the output optical sidebands of the lower-arm dual-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulators can be realized by adjusting the direct current bias voltage of the lower-arm phase modulator PM, and further, the phase difference is introduced between the two generated polarization orthogonal optical sidebands.
Let the DC bias voltages of the main MZMs of the second dual-polarization dual-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulator DP-DPMZM 2X-axis, the upper and lower arms of the Y-axis, and the dual-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulators DPMZMc and DPMZMd be V respectively1And V2PM DC bias voltage of V3The modulation index of the upper arm double parallel Mach-Zehnder modulator DPMZMc is βcThe modulation index of the lower arm double parallel Mach-Zehnder modulator (DPMZMd) is βdThen, then
a. When in use
Figure BDA0002306533330000062
And βc＝βdWhen the polarization directions of the X-axis and the Y-axis of the second dual-polarization dual-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulator DP-DPMZM2 are respectively generated, and the positive first-order sidebands and the negative first-order sidebands are generated through the second polarization direction when the polarization directions of the second dual-polarization dual-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulator DP-DPMZM2 are not equal to 0, namely the dual-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulator DPMZMc achieves the suppression of the carrier negative first-order sidebands and the dual-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulator DPMZMd achieves the suppressionAfter the PBC2 wave-combining of the vibration beam-combining device, the wave-combining can be obtained
Figure BDA0002306533330000063
Wherein
Figure BDA0002306533330000064
A phase change generated for PM;
b. when in use
Figure BDA0002306533330000065
V20 and βc≠0，βdWhen the polarization direction of the first polarization double-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulator DP-DPMZM2 is equal to 0, namely the double-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulator DPMZMc realizes the suppression of the negative first-order sideband modulation of the carrier, when the double-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulator DPMZMd is not modulated, the positive first-order sideband and the negative second-order sideband are respectively generated in the two polarization directions of the X axis and the Y axis of the second double-polarization double-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulator DP-DPMZM2, and the positive first-order sideband and the negative second-order sideband are combined by
Figure BDA0002306533330000066
c. When V is1＝V20, and βc＝βdWhen the polarization directions of the first polarization beam combiner DP-DPMZM2 and the second polarization beam combiner PBC2 are equal to 0, that is, when neither the double-parallel mach-zehnder modulator DPMZMc nor the double-parallel mach-zehnder modulator DPMZMd is modulated, positive second-order sidebands and negative second-order sidebands are respectively generated in the two polarization directions of the X axis and the Y axis of the second double-polarization double-parallel mach-zehnder modulator DP-DPMZM2, and the sidebands are combined by the second polarization beam combiner PBC2 to obtain the double-polarization double-
Figure BDA0002306533330000071
d. When in use
Figure BDA0002306533330000072
V20 and βc≠0，βdWhen the value is 0, namely the double parallel Mach-Zehnder modulator DPMZMc realizes the suppression of the positive first-order side band modulation of the carrier wave, the double parallel Mach-Zehnder modulatorWhen the DPMZMd is not modulated, positive third-order sidebands and negative second-order sidebands are respectively generated in the two polarization directions of the X axis and the Y axis of the second dual-polarization double-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulator DP-DPMZM2, and the positive third-order sidebands and the negative second-order sidebands are combined by the second polarization beam combiner PBC2 to obtain the DPMZMd
Figure BDA0002306533330000073
e. When in use
Figure BDA0002306533330000074
And βc＝βdWhen the phase difference is not equal to 0, namely the double parallel Mach-Zehnder modulator DPMZMc achieves restraining carrier positive first-order sideband modulation, the double parallel Mach-Zehnder modulator DPMZMd achieves restraining carrier negative first-order sideband modulation, then positive third-order sidebands and negative third-order sidebands are respectively generated in the two polarization directions of the X axis and the Y axis of the second double polarization double parallel Mach-Zehnder modulator DP-DPMZM2, and after PBC combination, the carrier positive third-order sidebands and the carrier negative third-order sidebands can be obtained
Figure BDA0002306533330000075
4. Then, the direction of the X-axis optical sideband output by the second dual-polarization dual-parallel mach-zehnder modulator DP-DPMZM2 and the main axis of the analyzer Pol is 45 degrees by adjusting the third polarization controller PC3, then the two polarization orthogonal optical sidebands input into the analyzer Pol are converted into two optical sidebands in the same direction, and finally, microwave signals with frequency multiplication factors of two, three, four, five and six adjustable and phases of 0 to 360 degrees are obtained by beat frequency of the photodetector PD, and the phases of the microwave signals are directly determined by the direct current bias voltage of the phase modulator PM, as shown in fig. 2 to 6.
a. When in use
Figure BDA0002306533330000076
And βc＝βdNot equal to 0, input to the analyzer Pol via the third polarization controller PC3 yields:
Figure BDA0002306533330000077
finally, beat frequency can be obtained through a photoelectric detector PD:
Figure BDA0002306533330000078
where μ is the corresponding sensitivity of the photodetector;
b. when in use
Figure BDA0002306533330000079
V20 and βc≠0，βdWhen 0, input to the analyzer Pol via the third polarization controller PC3 is available
Figure BDA00023065333300000710
Finally, beat frequency can be obtained through a photoelectric detector PD:
Figure BDA00023065333300000711
c. when V is1＝V20, and βc＝βdWhen 0, input to the analyzer Pol via the third polarization controller PC3 may be:
Figure BDA0002306533330000081
finally, beat frequency can be obtained through a photoelectric detector PD:
Figure BDA0002306533330000082
d. when in use
Figure BDA0002306533330000083
V20 and βc≠0，βdWhen 0, input to the analyzer Pol via the third polarization controller PC3 may be:
Figure BDA0002306533330000084
finally, beat frequency can be obtained through a photoelectric detector PD:
Figure BDA0002306533330000085
e. when in use
Figure BDA0002306533330000086
Figure BDA0002306533330000087
And βc＝βdNot equal to 0, input to the analyzer Pol via the third polarization controller PC3 yields:
Figure BDA0002306533330000088
finally, beat frequency can be obtained through a photoelectric detector PD:
Figure BDA0002306533330000089
from the above derivation, it can be known that by setting the rf driving voltage and the dc bias voltage value of the second dual-polarization dual-parallel mach-zehnder modulator DP-DPMZM2, the microwave photonic phase shifter with adjustable frequency multiplication factors of two, three, four, five, and six frequency multiplication factors can be generated, the phase of the microwave photonic phase shifter is directly determined by the dc bias voltage of the phase modulator PM, and when the dc bias voltage V of the phase modulator PM is determined by the dc bias voltage V of the phase modulator PM3at-VπTo VπWhen the phase of the generated microwave signal is changed, the phase is changed in a range of-180 DEG to 180 deg.
In a word, by adjusting the radio frequency driving signal and the direct current bias voltage of the second dual-polarization dual-parallel mach-zehnder modulator DP-DPMZM2, the two dual-parallel mach-zehnder modulators DPMZMc and DPMZMd of the upper and lower arms can both realize a single sideband modulation CS-SSB mode of suppressing the carrier, i.e., two polarization orthogonal optical sidebands with frequency intervals of two, three, four, five and six times of the frequency of the radio frequency driving signal can be generated, wherein the phase modulator PM of the lower arm is used for controlling the phase of the output optical sidebands of the lower arm dual-parallel mach-zehnder modulator dpmzd, and further, a phase difference is introduced between the two generated polarization orthogonal optical sidebands.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.

Claims (4)

1. A microwave photon phase shifting device without optical filtering and with adjustable frequency doubling factor comprises a Laser (LD), two dual-polarization dual-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulators (DP-DPMZM), a Polarization Controller (PC), an analyzer (Pol) and a Photoelectric Detector (PD), and is characterized in that the first dual-polarization dual-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulator (DP-DPMZM1), the Polarization Controller (PC) and the second dual-polarization dual-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulator (DP-DPMZM2) are cascaded and used for receiving optical carriers emitted by the Laser (LD) and then sequentially connecting the analyzer (Pol) and the Photoelectric Detector (PD) for outputting;
the dual-polarization dual-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulator (DP-DPMZM1) arranged at the output end of the Laser (LD) is cascaded with the Polarization Controller (PC) to generate two positive and negative second-order sidebands with orthogonal polarization; and the other double-polarization double-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulator (DP-DPMZM2) receives the positive and negative second-order sidebands which are generated by the polarization controller and are orthogonal in polarization for secondary modulation, wherein the upper and lower arm double-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulators (DPMZMc, DPMZMd) can realize single-sideband suppressed carrier positive first-order modulation or single-sideband suppressed carrier negative first-order modulation, and further generate a microwave photonic phase shifter with a frequency multiplication factor adjustable from two to six, and the phase of the microwave photonic phase shifter is controlled by the direct current bias voltage of the Phase Modulator (PM) in the second double-polarization double-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulator.
2. The microwave photonic phase shifting apparatus without optical filtering and with adjustable frequency multiplication factor of claim 1,
the polarization control device comprises a Laser (LD), a first polarization controller (PC1), a first dual-polarization dual-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulator (DP-DPMZM1), a second polarization controller (PC2), a second dual-polarization dual-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulator (DP-DPMZM2), a third polarization controller (PC3), an analyzer (Pol) and a Photoelectric Detector (PD) which are connected in sequence;
wherein an output port of the Laser (LD) is connected to an input port of a first polarization controller (PC1), an output port of the first polarization controller (PC1) is connected to an input port of a first dual-polarization dual-parallel mach-zehnder modulator (DP-DPMZM1), an output port of the first dual-polarization dual-parallel mach-zehnder modulator (DP-DPMZM1) is connected to an input port of a second polarization controller (PC2), an output port of the second polarization controller (PC2) is connected to an input port of a second dual-polarization dual-parallel mach-zehnder modulator (DP-DPMZM2), an output port of the second dual-polarization dual-parallel mach-zehnder modulator (DP-DPMZM2) is connected to an input port of a third polarization controller (PC3), an output port of the third polarization controller (PC3) is connected to an input port of a polarization analyzer (Pol), and an output port of the analyzer (Pol) is connected to an input port of the Photodetector (PD).
3. A non-optical-filtering and frequency-doubling-factor-adjustable microwave photonic phase shifting apparatus as claimed in claim 2, wherein the first dual-polarization dual-parallel mach-zehnder modulator (DP-DPMZM1) comprises a first polarization beam splitter (PBS1), a first polarization beam combiner (PBC1) and a first modulator connected to an output of the first polarization controller (PC 1); wherein the first modulator comprises two parallel Mach-Zehnder modulators (DPMZMa and DPMZMb) arranged in parallel; wherein the first modulator comprises two parallel Mach-Zehnder modulators (DPMZMa and DPMZMb) arranged in parallel; the output ends of the two parallel Mach-Zehnder modulators are simultaneously connected to a first polarization beam combiner (PBC 1);
the second dual-polarization dual-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulator (DP-DPMZM2) is composed of a second polarization beam splitter (PBS2), a second polarization beam combiner (PBC2), and a second modulator, wherein the second modulator is composed of two dual-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulators (DPMZMc and DPMZMd) and a Phase Modulator (PM); wherein the output of the second polarization beam splitter (PBS2) is simultaneously connected to the input of two parallel mach-zehnder modulators (DPMZMc and DPMZMd) arranged in parallel in the second modulator; wherein the output of the upper arm dual parallel mach-zehnder modulator (DPMZMc) is connected to the second polarization beam combiner PBC 2; the output end of the lower arm double parallel Mach-Zehnder modulator (DPMZMd) is connected with the Phase Modulator (PM) in series and then connected with the second polarization beam combiner (PBC 2).
4. The microwave photon phase-shifting method of the microwave photon phase-shifting device without optical filtering and with adjustable frequency multiplication factor according to claim 1, comprising the following steps:
s1, inputting an optical carrier emitted from a Laser (LD) into a first dual-polarization dual-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulator (DP-DPMZM1) through a first polarization controller (PC1), dividing the optical carrier into optical waves with X-axis and Y-axis polarization orthogonal directions through an internal first polarization beam splitter (PBS1), and respectively entering two dual-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulators (DPMZMa and DPMZMb) of an upper arm and a lower arm, wherein two sub MZMs of each dual-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulator work at a maximum bias point, a main MZM works at a minimum bias point, and radio frequency signal phase differences of the two sub MZMs are equal to each other
Figure FDA0002306533320000021
The phase difference of the radio frequency signals between the two double parallel Mach-Zehnder modulators is
Figure FDA0002306533320000031
Two positive and negative second-order sidebands for suppressing the carrier waves can be respectively generated in two polarization orthogonal directions;
s2, controlling the polarization rotation angle of a second polarization controller (PC2) to be 45 degrees, and enabling the phase difference of two polarization orthogonal light sidebands to be
Figure FDA0002306533320000032
Four optical sidebands in two polarization directions output from the first dual-polarization dual-parallel mach-zehnder modulator (DP-DPMZM1) pass through the second polarization controller (PC2) to generate a positive second-order sideband and a negative second-order sideband in the two polarization directions, respectively;
s3, adjusting radio frequency driving signals and direct current bias voltages of a second dual-polarization dual-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulator (DP-DPMZM2) to enable two sub MZMs of two dual-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulators (DPMZMc and DPMZMd) of an upper arm and a lower arm to work at a minimum bias point, enable a main MZM to work at an orthogonal bias point, and enable radio frequency signal phase differences of the two sub MZMs to be equal to each other
Figure FDA0002306533320000033
And the second dual-polarization dual-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulator (DP-DPMZM2) has the same half-wave voltage as the first dual-polarization dual-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulator (DP-DPMZM 1); by changing the bias voltage values of two main MZMs of a second double-polarization double-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulator (DP-DPMZM2), the two double-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulators (DPMZMc and DPMZMd) respectively realize the suppression of carrier positive first-order sideband modulation or the suppression of carrier negative first-order sideband modulation, namely two polarization orthogonal optical sidebands with frequency intervals of two, three, four, five and six times of the frequency of a radio frequency driving signal can be generated, wherein the phase control of the output optical sidebands of the lower-arm double-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulator can be realized by adjusting the direct current bias voltage of the lower-arm Phase Modulator (PM), and further, the phase difference is introduced between the two generated polarization orthogonal optical sidebands;
and S4, adjusting the third polarization controller (PC3) to enable the X-axis optical sideband output by the second dual-polarization dual-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulator (DP-DPMZM2) and the main axis direction of the analyzer (Pol) to form 45 degrees, converting two polarization orthogonal optical sidebands input into the analyzer (Pol) into two optical sidebands in the same direction, and finally obtaining microwave signals with frequency multiplication factors of two, three, four, five and six, adjustable phases of 0-360 degrees through beat frequency of a Photoelectric Detector (PD), wherein the phases of the microwave signals are directly determined by the direct current bias voltage of the Phase Modulator (PM).
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