CN104767570A - Polarization independent coherent receiver - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of optical communication and discloses a polarization independent coherent receiver. The polarization independent coherent receiver comprises a local oscillator light source, a local oscillator light modulation unit, a frequency mixer and a photoelectric conversion module, wherein the local oscillator light source generates linear polarization local oscillator light; the local oscillator light modulation unit converts the local oscillator light into modulation local oscillator light; the frequency mixer receives the modulation local oscillator light and signal light and conducts frequency mixing to generate frequency mixing signal light; the photoelectric conversion module receives the frequency mixing signal light and converts the frequency mixing signal light into an intermediate frequency signal to output. The local oscillator light modulation unit comprises a polarization light splitter, a phase modulator and a polarization light combiner, wherein the polarization light splitter receives the linear polarization local oscillator light and splits the linear polarization local oscillator light into first linear polarization light and second linear polarization light with the same power and mutually perpendicular in the polarization state; the phase modulator is connected with the polarization light splitter, and the phase modulator receives the first linear polarization light, adjusts the phase position of the first linear polarization light and generates third linear polarization light; the third linear polarization light and the second linear polarization light generate a modulation phase difference; the polarization light combiner receives the third linear polarization light and the second linear polarization light and combines the third linear polarization light with the second linear polarization light to generate the modulation local oscillator light. The polarization independent coherent receiver is simple in structure, easy to control and low in cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of photo communication, particularly a kind of polarization irrelevant coherent receiver.
Background technology
In photoelectric communication field, larger bandwidth, longer transmission range, higher receiving sensitivity are the developing goal of opto-electronic communications technology forever.Coherent optical detection technology is because of its huge trend in sensitivity, greatly can extend repeater span, and effectively can ensure the superiority bandwidth of optical carrier, drastically increase message capacity, alleviate the problem of Conventional optical communication bandwidth sum power limited, become the main development direction of following optical communication system.
But as the core devices of coherent optical communication system, optical coherent receiver has very rigors to coherent reception, considerably increase optics and the electronic device cost of system, limit the widespread adoption of coherent communication technology.Polarization-Sensitive is exactly an intrinsic difficult point of coherent detection, only flashlight and local oscillator polarisation of light state completely the same time, coherent receiver could obtain maximum coherent gain and obtain good receiving sensitivity, and in practical application in coherent communication system, because optical channel can cause the polarization state generation random perturbation of the flashlight transmitted under the impact of environment, further increase the polarized matching difficulty of coherent receiver.Be commercially at present the polarization irrelevant being realized coherent receiver by polarization diversity technology to this employing scheme, but greatly increase the complexity of system, make it range of application and be restricted.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide and a kind of promotes anti-transmission disturbance, reduces difficulty of matching, improves coherent gain and obtains the coherent receiver of excellent sensitivity.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of polarization irrelevant coherent receiver, comprising:
Local oscillator light source, described local oscillator light source produces the inclined local oscillator light of line;
Local oscillator light-modulating cell, described local oscillator light-modulating cell is connected with described local oscillator light source, regulates described local oscillator polarisation of light state, to adapt to the flashlight of different polarization states;
Frequency mixer, is connected with described local oscillator light-modulating cell, receives described local oscillator light, and itself and flashlight are carried out mixing generates mixed frequency signal light;
Photoelectric conversion module, described photoelectric conversion module is connected with described frequency mixer, receives described mixed frequency signal light, converts the signal of telecommunication to and exports, by the polarization information of described flashlight, transfer strength information and the phase information of output signal to;
Wherein, described local oscillator light-modulating cell comprises: polarization beam apparatus, phase-modulator and polarization beam combiner;
Described polarization beam apparatus receives the inclined local oscillator light of described line, and it is equal to be divided into power, the orthogonal First Line polarisation of polarization state and the second line polarisation;
Described phase-modulator is connected with described polarization beam apparatus, receives described First Line polarisation and adjusts its phase place, produces the 3rd line polarisation;
Described polarization beam combiner, receives described 3rd line polarisation and described second line polarisation, and restraints into a branch of by the two conjunction, produces described modulation local oscillator light.
Further, described photoelectric conversion module comprises: balanced detector; Described balanced detector is connected with described frequency mixer, receives described mixed frequency signal light and converts the signal of telecommunication to.
Further, described frequency mixer is 90 ° of frequency mixers;
Described photoelectric conversion module comprises:
Four photoelectric detector PD and four corresponding with it low pass filter LPF, described four photoelectric detector PD and four corresponding with it low pass filter LPF receive the mixed frequency signal light that described 90 ° of frequency mixers export, and generate I
1, I
2, Q
1and Q
2four road signals;
Wherein, described I
1signal and described I
2signal multiplication, described Q
1signal and described Q
2signal multiplication; Two products superpose, and offset intermediate-frequency section, obtain OOK signal, and the phase place realizing OOK signal is irrelevant irrelevant with frequency.
Further, described polarization irrelevant coherent receiver also comprises: intensity and phase modulation module; Described intensity and phase modulation module are connected between described local oscillator light source and described polarization beam apparatus, the power that compensating device loss is caused and phase deviation.
Further, when described flashlight is the inclined flashlight of line, described local oscillator light is the inclined local oscillator light of circle, and the phase difference of described 3rd line polarisation and described second line polarisation is 90 °.
Further, when with the ellipticity knowing described flashlight, regulated the phase place of described First Line polarisation by described phase-modulator, the phase difference making described 3rd line polarisation and described second line polarisation is 90 °, obtain oval local oscillator light, with described flashlight mixing.
Further, when the polarization state of described flashlight is non-thread polarisation, described phase-modulator applies cycle dynamics scanning voltage, controls phase difference dynamic change within the scope of-π ~ π of described 3rd line polarisation and described second line polarisation, realize phasescan;
Wherein, the mean value into signal strength signal intensity in the single cycle is outputed signal; Cycle and the described flashlight cycle synchronisation of described dynamic electric voltage or make the photoperiodic integral multiple of described signal.
Local oscillator light is converted to modulation local oscillator light by local oscillator light-modulating cell by polarization irrelevant coherent receiver provided by the invention, detect as carrier wave and flashlight mixing, the polarization information of flashlight is converted to amplitude and the phase information of the Strength Changes exporting the signal of telecommunication, utilize the control that the phase place of strength information is changed, realize the polarization independence of heterodyne reception in intensity modulated application, and then avoid the adverse effect that polarization scrambling in transmitting procedure causes, greatly reduce difficulty of matching, improve coherent gain, to obtain good sensitivity; Simultaneously, based on high speed OOK optical fiber telecommunications system, adopt 90 ° of relevant frequency mixers, the two-way in-phase signal of photoelectric detector after mixing is multiplied through low pass filter, multiplying signal is superposed with the multiplying signal of orthogonal signalling, the characteristic that the polarization irrelevant, the phase place that realize high speed OOK coherent receiver have nothing to do, frequency is irrelevant, greatly reduces system complexity, keeps good coherent gain and sensitivity simultaneously; This apparatus structure is simple, is easy to control, and with low cost being easy to widely uses.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The structure principle chart of the heterodyne coherent receiver based on modulation local oscillator light that Fig. 1 provides for the embodiment of the present invention;
The mechanism of production figure of the modulation local oscillator light that Fig. 2 provides for the embodiment of the present invention;
The local oscillator light polarization control principle drawing that the detection different polarization states flashlight that Fig. 3 provides for the embodiment of the present invention adopts;
The high speed nearly homodyne OOK receiver principle figure that Fig. 4 provides for the embodiment of the present invention.
The polarization irrelevant coherent receiver that Fig. 5 provides for the embodiment of the present invention is for the output waveform schematic diagram of the inclined flashlight of non-thread.
Embodiment
See Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, a kind of polarization irrelevant coherent receiver that the embodiment of the present invention provides, comprising: local oscillator light source, local oscillator light-modulating cell, frequency mixer and photoelectric conversion module.
Local oscillator light source for generation of the inclined local oscillator light of line, as transmission carrier wave.
Local oscillator light-modulating cell is connected with local oscillator light source, local oscillator light is converted to modulation local oscillator light; Be beneficial to and realize the transmission of flashlight polarization information to electrical signal phase information.
Frequency mixer receives modulation local oscillator light and flashlight, and carries out mixing generation mixed frequency signal light;
Photoelectric conversion module, photoelectric conversion module is connected with frequency mixer, receives mixed frequency signal light, converts the signal of telecommunication to and exports; Change in the process of the signal of telecommunication at light signal, successfully the polarization information of flashlight is converted to strength information and the phase information of output signal, utilize the control that the phase place of strength information is changed, and then achieve the characteristic of polarization irrelevant, greatly improve Ability of Resisting Disturbance.Photoelectric conversion module comprises: balanced detector; Balanced detector is connected with frequency mixer, receives mixed frequency signal light and converts the signal of telecommunication to, the polarization information of flashlight is converted to amplitude and the phase information of the Strength Changes of the signal of telecommunication; Realize polarization irrelevant.
Wherein, local oscillator light-modulating cell comprises: polarization beam apparatus, phase-modulator and polarization beam combiner;
Polarization beam apparatus receives the inclined local oscillator light of line, and it is equal to be divided into power, the orthogonal First Line polarisation of polarization state and the second line polarisation; Phase-modulator is connected with polarization beam apparatus, receives First Line polarisation and adjusts its phase place, produces the 3rd line polarisation; Polarization beam combiner, receives the 3rd line polarisation and the second line polarisation, and restraints into a branch of by the two conjunction, produces modulation local oscillator light.
When adopting Heterodyne detect pattern, photoelectric conversion module comprises: balanced detector; Balanced detector is connected with frequency mixer, receives mixed frequency signal light and converts the signal of telecommunication to, the polarization information of flashlight is converted to amplitude and the phase information of the Strength Changes of the signal of telecommunication.
See Fig. 4, when nearly homodyne detection pattern, for OOK homodyne coherent reception pattern, the present embodiment also proposes: frequency mixer is 90 ° of frequency mixers; Photoelectric conversion module comprises:
Four photoelectric detector PD and four corresponding with it low pass filter LPF, four photoelectric detector PD and four corresponding with it low pass filter LPF receive the mixed frequency signal light that described 90 ° of frequency mixers export, and generate I
1, I
2, Q
1and Q
2four road signals;
Wherein, I
1signal and I
2signal multiplication, Q
1signal and Q
2signal multiplication; Two product superpositions, fall trigonometric function partial offset, namely offset intermediate-frequency section, obtain OOK signal, and the phase place realizing OOK signal is irrelevant irrelevant with frequency.
See Fig. 3, polarization irrelevant coherent receiver also comprises: intensity and phase modulation module; Intensity and phase modulation module are connected between local oscillator light source and polarization beam apparatus, the power that compensating device loss is caused and phase deviation, make system be easy to control, realize polarization independence better.
In speed fiber optic communication systems, because as the optical fiber of transmission medium, exist various bending, rotate, therefore, the polarization state through the light signal of spread fiber all can great changes will take place, and polarized matching technology also weighs in coherent fiber communication very much.Homodyne coherent reception and heterodyne coherent reception all respectively have quality.For homodyne coherent receiver, must ensure that the phase place of flashlight and local oscillator light and frequency must be completely the same, this proposes very large challenge to Systematical control aspect; And for heterodyne coherent receiver, to the phase place of local oscillator light and frequency too high, but heterodyne intermediate frequency is more than signal bandwidth twice could obtain good effect, and this increases the requirement of high-speed photodetector self responsive bandwidth greatly
In practical communication, the polarization state difference according to light signal makes division, comprising: the line number of believing one side only, the circle number of believing one side only and the ellipse number of believing one side only; In the face of the randomness of flashlight, local oscillator light must have corresponding modulation measure, is to adapt to mixing demodulation needs.
When flashlight is the inclined flashlight of line, local oscillator light is the inclined local oscillator light of circle, and the phase difference of the 3rd line polarisation and described second line polarisation is 90 °.
In laser imaging detection, detection array detection be the strength information of each pixel.When laser be irradiated to testee on the surface time, because of the difference of testee surface state, the flashlight polarization state fed back of zones of different may be caused different, according to traditional coherent detection mode, the coherent gain of each pixel may be caused inconsistent, affect last picture quality.
Adopt the heterodyne reception scheme of modulation local oscillator light, the signal that detection array unit can be made to detect has identical coherent gain, and signal processing circuit of intermediate frequency has precedent, and treatment circuit is less, reduces the improvement difficulty of detection system.
In space optical communication, multiple beam technology obtains extensive use.Because multiple beam transmission channel is different, not only can cause amplitude information and phase information fluctuation, polarization state also can be caused to change.For multiple light beam, then need corresponding multiple polarization control system, greatly increase the complexity of system, have impact on the application of the spatial coherence communication of multiple beam technology.
The inclined local oscillator polarisation of light of circle is adopted to have nothing to do coherent reception mode, the polarization information of the flashlight of linear polarization is converted into a part for the phase information of the intermediate-freuqncy signal that detection exports, polarization state by flashlight shakes the part that the noise caused is converted into phase noise, and the processing scheme to phase noise, can be compensated being changed the phase place change caused by polarization state by the phase compensating method of electricity field.Therefore, the front-end optical handling part branch of final coherent receiver simplifies greatly, and what reduce multiple beam coherent receiver realizes cost.
According to the mechanism of production of the inclined local oscillator light of circle, local oscillator is only made up of two orthogonal line polarisations, then the vector of the optical electric field of local oscillator rotatory polarization is defined as:
Here, A
lO, ω
l,
represent optical electric field amplitude, frequency and the phase place of initial light respectively.Ideally,
Take x-axis as benchmark, flashlight is line polarisation, and its angle of polarization is θ, and for OOK intensity modulated, then the vector of the optical electric field of flashlight is defined as:
Here, A
s, ω
s,
optical electric field amplitude, frequency and the phase place of representation signal light respectively.
When flashlight and the inclined local oscillator photomixing of circle, output signal can regard the superposition of x-axis component and y-axis component as, its mixing portion by two components and represent, the final intermediate-frequency section signal exported is:
ω
IF＝ω
L-ω
S
From formula (3), can significantly see, the angle of polarization convert information of flashlight has become the phase information of intermediate-freuqncy signal, the amplitude size and the angle of polarization θ that export intermediate-freuqncy signal have nothing to do, namely any polarization state of flashlight rises and falls and all can not have influence on the amplitude demodulation of intermediate-freuqncy signal, also can not reduce the receiving sensitivity of heterodyne detection.And from a structural point, light path process needed for system reduces to some extent, especially for Heterodyne Detection System, its circuit processing part adopts basic signal processing circuit of intermediate frequency, greatly reduces system cost.
According to above-mentioned reckoning process, even if flashlight is non-thread polarisation, but when with the ellipticity knowing flashlight, the phase place of First Line polarisation is regulated by phase-modulator, the phase difference making the 3rd line polarisation and the second line polarisation is 90 °, obtains oval local oscillator light, with flashlight mixing.Still polarization irrelevant can be realized.
For homodyne detection pattern, with circle inclined local oscillator light combine with technique to together with, flashlight polarization information has changed into the phase information of intermediate-freuqncy signal, by this nearly homodyne OOK demodulation scheme, can finally obtain polarization irrelevant, phase place has nothing to do and frequency is irrelevant OOK signal, reduce the required precision to receiver system device performance, enormously simplify receiver system structure, reduce the difficulty of matching of coherent receiver.
In OOK modulation, signal message is carried on amplitude, instead of phase place and frequency, and ideally, flashlight be still line polarisation, is combined with local oscillator light circular deflection scheme, makes receiver output signal as follows:
And under non-ideality, flashlight is elliptically polarized light, if the oval angle of flashlight is φ, so final output signal is expressed as:
During the ideal line number of believing one side only light,
See Fig. 5, when the polarization state of flashlight is non-thread polarisation, i.e. when polarization state the unknown of flashlight, in order to find suitable local oscillator light as carrier frequency mixing demodulation; Phase-modulator applies cycle dynamics scanning voltage, controls phase difference dynamic change within the scope of-π ~ π of the 3rd line polarisation and the second line polarisation, realize phasescan;
Wherein, the mean value into signal strength signal intensity in the single cycle is outputed signal; Cycle and the flashlight cycle synchronisation of dynamic electric voltage or make the photoperiodic integral multiple of signal.
Add that a frequency is the sinusoidal voltage of signal frequency half when phase-modulator, and phase difference ψ is changed between-π and π, the mean value of its receiver unit period output signal equals
still have nothing to do with flashlight polarization state, therefore, by suitable signal transacting, the signal that still can obtain polarization irrelevant exports.
Finally can obtain a polarization irrelevant, phase place has nothing to do, the output signal that frequency is irrelevant, so, the coherent reception of nearly homodyne can be realized, the i.e. phase place of undesired signal light and local oscillator light and the completely the same of frequency, does not need high-speed photodetector self responsive bandwidth higher than more than signal bandwidth twice yet, enormously simplify the coherent receiver structure in system.
Coherent receiver has good polarization independence in the heterodyne detection in the OOK modulating system of still extensive use at present.
Adopt the technical scheme of the inclined local oscillator light of circle, its polarization independence determines primarily of local oscillator light, restricts, namely form difference of vibration and the phase difference of the two-route wire polarisation of rotatory polarization by two factors.In the ideal case, polarization beam splitting is 1:1, and phase difference is pi/2, and therefore the ideal value of rotatory polarization generation device should be two line polarisations, phase difference=pi/2.In practical application, although optics cannot reach ideal situation, numerical value has certain deviation, but can be compensated by additional amplitude control and phase control, make amplitude and phase difference reach desirable, device trueness error can be avoided the impact of performance, be easy to regulating and controlling.
For non-ideality, the polarization state of flashlight is not linear polarization, and random elliptical polarization.Now, can add dynamic electric voltage on the phase-modulator in local oscillator light generating device, the two-way component phase difference that order forms local oscillator light changes in the high-speed and continuous of-π to π, and sinusoidal signal or triangle signal can be adopted to realize.In high speed signal detection, need phase control at a high speed, and sinusoidal signal more easily realizes high speed signal, the strength information of its output signal can be expressed as:
The frequency f of sinusoidal signal is selected to mate with signal rate, and every bit comprises a complete cycle, and gets the mean value in the single cycle, and the polarization state of itself and flashlight is irrelevant.Therefore, by synchronized sampling, the average signal strength that each sampling period exports is the value of a relative constancy.So, the coherent detection that the dynamic voltage frequency of phase-modulator can realize the polarization irrelevant in the flashlight situation of elliptical polarization is regulated and controled.
Meanwhile, the polarization ellipse rate of the flashlight that the amplitude size in the single cycle and off-centring directly reflect, can be used for the elliptical polarization of the flashlight measured.
Local oscillator light is converted to modulation local oscillator light by local oscillator light-modulating cell by the polarization irrelevant coherent receiver that the embodiment of the present invention provides, detect as carrier wave and flashlight mixing, the polarization information of flashlight is converted to the phase information exporting the signal of telecommunication, realize the polarization independence of heterodyne reception in intensity modulated and frequency modulation applications, and then avoid the adverse effect that polarization scrambling in transmitting procedure causes, greatly reduce difficulty of matching, improve coherent gain, to obtain good sensitivity; Simultaneously, based on high speed OOK optical fiber telecommunications system, adopt 90 ° of relevant frequency mixers, the two-way in-phase signal of photoelectric detector after mixing is multiplied through low pass filter, multiplying signal is superposed with the multiplying signal of orthogonal signalling, the characteristic that the polarization irrelevant, the phase place that realize high speed OOK coherent receiver have nothing to do, frequency is irrelevant, greatly reduces system complexity, keeps good coherent gain and sensitivity simultaneously; This apparatus structure is simple, is easy to control, and with low cost being easy to widely uses.For random signal light, the dynamic voltage frequency of regulation and control phase-modulator can realize the coherent detection of the polarization irrelevant in the flashlight situation of elliptical polarization.Thus can detection system be simplified, promote detection efficiency and precision.
It should be noted last that, above embodiment is only in order to illustrate technical scheme of the present invention and unrestricted, although with reference to example to invention has been detailed description, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that, can modify to technical scheme of the present invention or equivalent replacement, and not departing from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention, it all should be encompassed in the middle of right of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a polarization irrelevant coherent receiver, is characterized in that, comprising:
Local oscillator light source, described local oscillator light source produces the inclined local oscillator light of line;
Local oscillator light-modulating cell, described local oscillator light-modulating cell is connected with described local oscillator light source, regulates described local oscillator polarisation of light state, to adapt to the flashlight of different polarization states;
Frequency mixer, is connected with described local oscillator light-modulating cell, receives described local oscillator light, and itself and flashlight are carried out mixing generates mixed frequency signal light;
Photoelectric conversion module, described photoelectric conversion module is connected with described frequency mixer, receives described mixed frequency signal light, converts the signal of telecommunication to and exports, by the polarization information of described flashlight, transfer strength information and the phase information of output signal to;
Wherein, described local oscillator light-modulating cell comprises: polarization beam apparatus, phase-modulator and polarization beam combiner;
Described polarization beam apparatus receives the inclined local oscillator light of described line, and it is equal to be divided into power, the orthogonal First Line polarisation of polarization state and the second line polarisation;
Described phase-modulator is connected with described polarization beam apparatus, receives described First Line polarisation and adjusts its phase place, produces the 3rd line polarisation;
Described polarization beam combiner, receives described 3rd line polarisation and described second line polarisation, and restraints into a branch of by the two conjunction, produces described modulation local oscillator light.
2. polarization irrelevant coherent receiver as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described photoelectric conversion module comprises: balanced detector; Described balanced detector is connected with described frequency mixer, receives described mixed frequency signal light and converts the signal of telecommunication to.
3. polarization irrelevant coherent receiver as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described frequency mixer is 90 ° of frequency mixers;
Described photoelectric conversion module comprises:
Four photoelectric detector PD and four corresponding with it low pass filter LPF, described four photoelectric detector PD and four corresponding with it low pass filter LPF receive the mixed frequency signal light that described 90 ° of frequency mixers export, and generate I
1, I
2, Q
1and Q
2four road signals;
Wherein, described I
1signal and described I
2signal multiplication, described Q
1signal and described Q
2signal multiplication; Two products superpose, and offset intermediate-frequency section, obtain OOK signal, and the phase place realizing OOK signal is irrelevant irrelevant with frequency.
4. the polarization irrelevant coherent receiver as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, is characterized in that, also comprise: intensity and phase modulation module; Described intensity and phase modulation module are connected between described local oscillator light source and described polarization beam apparatus, the power that compensating device loss is caused and phase deviation.
5. polarization irrelevant coherent receiver as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that: when described flashlight is the inclined flashlight of line, described local oscillator light is the inclined local oscillator light of circle, and the phase difference of described 3rd line polarisation and described second line polarisation is 90 °.
6. polarization irrelevant coherent receiver as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that: when with the ellipticity knowing described flashlight, the phase place of described First Line polarisation is regulated by described phase-modulator, the phase difference making described 3rd line polarisation and described second line polarisation is 90 °, obtain oval local oscillator light, with described flashlight mixing.
7. polarization irrelevant coherent receiver as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that: when the polarization state of described flashlight is non-thread polarisation, described phase-modulator applies cycle dynamics scanning voltage, control phase difference dynamic change within the scope of-π ~ π of described 3rd line polarisation and described second line polarisation, realize phasescan;
Wherein, the mean value into signal strength signal intensity in the single cycle is outputed signal; Cycle and the described flashlight cycle synchronisation of described dynamic electric voltage or make the photoperiodic integral multiple of described signal.
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