CN111130603A - WiFi energy acquisition circuit - Google Patents
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- CN111130603A CN111130603A CN201911237602.8A CN201911237602A CN111130603A CN 111130603 A CN111130603 A CN 111130603A CN 201911237602 A CN201911237602 A CN 201911237602A CN 111130603 A CN111130603 A CN 111130603A
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- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
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Abstract
The invention relates to a WiFi energy acquisition circuit. The output end of the antenna module is connected with the input end of the impedance matching network module; the output end of the impedance matching network module is connected with the input end of the rectifier module; the impedance matching network module is used for matching the total load impedance of the antenna module, the rectifier module, the DC-DC/energy management module, the energy storage module and the output module; the output end of the rectifier is connected with the input end of the DC-DC/energy management module; the energy storage interface pin of the DC-DC/energy management module is connected with the energy storage module interface; the output end of the DC-DC/energy management module is connected with the input end of the output module; the invention has the advantages of high energy collection efficiency and low energy loss.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of energy collection, relates to a circuit, and particularly relates to a WiFi energy collection circuit.
Background
With the rapid development of modern science and technology, various small-sized low-power electronic devices have entered the daily lives of people. The basic element of the normal operation of the electronic equipment is electric energy, and repeated charging always brings inconvenience and even safety problems to people inevitably.
With the development of communication technology and the large-scale construction of communication infrastructure, electromagnetic wave signals have become ubiquitous in the environment of everyday life. From this point on, technologists began to research wireless power supply technologies that collect environmental radio frequency energy to power electronic devices.
In modern society, with the rapid spread of WiFi technology, WiFi networks have spread throughout the corners of work and life. Research is being conducted to capture energy from WiFi signals and convert the captured energy into dc power at a certain voltage to power electronic devices. Researchers have done many WiFi energy harvesting efforts. However, the existing WiFi energy harvesting system has three problems: firstly, the circuit structure of the energy acquisition system is complex, so that the energy consumed by the system is large; secondly, the impedance of the antenna module is not equal to the total load impedance of other modules in the WiFi energy acquisition system, so that when the antenna module acquires WiFi signals, the WiFi signals necessarily reflect part of energy to cause energy loss, and thus energy collection efficiency is not high; thirdly, the collected energy is not efficiently managed, and the unnecessary loss of the energy is large.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the WiFi energy acquisition circuit which is high in energy acquisition efficiency, small in energy loss and capable of efficiently managing energy.
In order to solve the problems, the invention adopts the specific technical scheme that:
a WiFi energy acquisition circuit comprises an antenna module, an impedance matching network module, a rectifier module, a DC-DC/energy management module, an energy storage module and an output module. The impedance matching network module matches a total load impedance of the antenna module with the rectifier module, the DC-DC/energy management module, the energy storage module, and the output module. The output end of the antenna module is connected with the input end of the impedance matching network module; the output end of the impedance matching network module is connected with the input end of the rectifier module; the output end of the rectifier is connected with the input end of the DC-DC/energy management module; an energy storage interface pin of the DC-DC/energy management module is connected with an input/output end of the energy storage module; and the output end of the DC-DC/energy management module is connected with the input end of the output module.
The antenna module adopts an external antenna with the model of W1010, and the output end of the antenna module is connected with the input end of the impedance matching network module.
Specifically, the center frequency of the antenna is 2.4GHz, the gain is 2dBi, and the impedance is 50 ohms; the antenna may receive WiFi signals omnidirectionally.
The impedance matching network module comprises a first capacitor and a first inductor, wherein the inductor is a high-frequency inductor; the 1 end (in the following text in this document, detailed identification of the end number and the foot number of the electronic device refers to the attached document of the specification) of the first inductor is connected with the 1 end of the first capacitor, the connecting end of the first inductor is the input end of the impedance matching network module circuit, and the 2 end of the first capacitor is grounded to suppress interference signals. And the 2 end of the first inductor is the output end of the impedance matching network module circuit, and the output end is connected with the input end of the rectifier module.
Specifically, the impedance matching network module makes the impedance of the antenna module equal to the total load impedance of the rectifier module, the DC-DC/energy management module, the energy storage module and the output module; and the impedance is 50 ohms, and the resistance value enables the working state of the whole system to be optimal. The first capacitor and the first inductor form a single-stage LC matching network circuit; the circuit has simple structure and low loss.
The rectifier module comprises a second capacitor, a third capacitor, a first diode and a second diode; the 1 end of the second capacitor is the input end of the rectifier module; the end 2 of the second capacitor and the end 1 (cathode) of the first diode are both connected with the end 2 (anode) of the second diode; the 2 end (anode) of the first diode is grounded; the end 1 (negative electrode) of the second diode is connected with the end 1 of the third capacitor, and the connecting end of the second diode is the output end of the rectifier module; and the 2 end of the third capacitor is grounded. The rectifier module converts the sine wave alternating current signal output by the matching network module into a direct current signal and raises the voltage of the direct current signal to twice the amplitude of the sine wave alternating current signal; the third capacitor can eliminate a high-frequency part in a direct-current signal flowing through the rectifier module; the capacitor and the diode used in the method are high-performance and low-loss electronic devices, so that the loss of the rectifier module formed by the capacitor and the diode is low.
Specifically, the first diode and the second diode are both high-performance Schottky diodes with the models of SMS 7630-061; and the second capacitor and the third capacitor are high-frequency capacitors with high quality and low loss.
The DC-DC/energy management module comprises an energy management chip integrated with various functions, a fourth capacitor, a fifth capacitor, a sixth capacitor, a seventh capacitor, an eighth capacitor, a second inductor, a third inductor, a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor, a fourth resistor, a fifth resistor, a sixth resistor and a seventh resistor; the energy management chip is a low-power consumption chip with the model number of BQ 25570. A pin 2 of the energy management chip, a terminal 1 of the second inductor and a terminal 1 of the fourth capacitor are all connected with a terminal 1 of the fifth capacitor, and connecting terminals of the terminals are input ends of the DC-DC/energy management module; the 2 end of the fourth capacitor is grounded, and the 2 end of the fifth capacitor is grounded; the 2 end of the second inductor is connected with the 20 th pin of the energy management chip; the 2 terminal of the seventh capacitor, the 2 terminal of the eighth capacitor, the 19 th pin of the energy management chip, the 3 rd pin of the energy management chip and the 6 th pin of the energy management chip are all connected with the 13 th pin of the energy management chip, the 1 terminal of the seventh capacitor is grounded, and the 1 terminal of the eighth capacitor is grounded; the 1 end of the sixth capacitor is connected with the 4 th pin of the energy management chip; the 2 end of the sixth capacitor is grounded; the 7 th pin of the energy management chip and the 2 end of the first resistor are both connected with the 1 end of the second resistor, and the 2 end of the second resistor is grounded; the end 1 of the first resistor, the 8 th pin of the energy management chip and the end 1 of the third resistor are all connected with the end 1 of the sixth resistor; the end 2 of the third resistor and the end 1 of the fourth resistor are both connected with the 10 th pin of the energy management chip; the end 2 of the fourth resistor and the end 1 of the fifth resistor are both connected with the 11 th pin of the energy management chip, and the end 2 of the fifth resistor is grounded; the end 2 of the sixth resistor and the end 1 of the seventh resistor are both connected with the pin 12 of the energy management chip, and the end 2 of the seventh resistor is grounded; the 1 st pin of the energy management chip, the 5 th pin of the energy management chip, the 9 th pin of the energy management chip, the 15 th pin of the energy management chip and the 17 th pin of the energy management chip are all grounded; the 16 th pin of the energy management chip is connected with the 1 end of the third inductor; the 2 end of the third inductor is connected with the 14 th pin of the energy management chip, and the connecting end is the output end of the DC-DC/energy management module; and the 18 th pin of the energy management chip is connected with an input/output interface of the energy storage module. The energy management chip can efficiently manage the collected energy, because the chip integrates a plurality of energy management functions, such as: a DC-DC voltage boosting and reducing conversion function, an energy flow control function in a chip, a maximum output voltage programming function of an external resistor and the like; to sum up, the module circuit has simple structure, low loss and more realized functions.
Specifically, the energy management chip BQ25570 can be started under the condition that the input voltage is as low as 330 mV, and once the energy management chip is started, the energy management chip BQ25570 can continuously collect the energy with the input voltage as low as 100 mV; the chip can start to work only by microwatt power, so that the chip is very suitable for meeting the special requirements of ultra-low power consumption application.
The energy storage module comprises an energy storage element; the end (positive pole) of the energy storage element 1 is connected with the 18 th pin of the energy management chip, and the connecting end is the input/output end of the energy storage module; the 2 end (negative pole) of the energy storage element is grounded; the energy storage element stores the excess energy collected by the system to improve the overall energy utilization rate of the system.
Specifically, the energy storage element may be a rechargeable lithium battery, a thin film battery, a super capacitor, or the like.
The output module comprises a ninth capacitor, a tenth capacitor and an output interface terminal; the end 1 of the ninth capacitor and the end 1 of the tenth capacitor are both connected with the end 1 (anode) of the output interface terminal, and the connecting end is the input end of the output module; the 2 end of the ninth capacitor is grounded, the 2 end of the tenth capacitor is grounded, and the 2 end (negative electrode) of the output interface terminal is grounded; the tenth capacitor is used for eliminating high-frequency components in a direct-current signal output by the DC-DC/energy management module; and the ninth capacitor is used for eliminating low-frequency components in the direct-current signal output by the DC-DC/energy management module. The module has simple circuit structure and low loss.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
firstly, the invention is specially used for WiFi energy collection. The circuit can continuously collect WiFi energy from certain environments to supply energy to small electronic equipment with low power consumption.
The impedance matching network module of the circuit enables the impedance of the antenna module to be matched with the total load impedance of the rectifier module, the DC-DC/energy management module, the energy storage module and the output module; and the impedance of this match is 50 ohms; this will effectively reduce the reflection of wiFi energy for antenna module gathers more energy, thereby promotes the collection efficiency of whole energy harvesting system.
Thirdly, in order to reduce the energy loss of electronic devices in the application circuit as much as possible, an energy management chip with ultra-low power consumption and various functions integrated highly is adopted in the DC-DC/energy management module circuit; in the rectifier module circuit, a diode and a capacitor with ultra-low loss characteristics are adopted; in the matching network module circuit, a high-frequency inductor with the minimum parasitic inductance characteristic is packaged; in addition, the structure of other part circuits of the system is very simple, so that the energy consumption of the whole system is relatively low, and the energy utilization efficiency of the whole system is improved to the maximum extent.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the system architecture of the circuit of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of an impedance matching network module of the circuit of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a circuit schematic of a rectifier module of the circuit of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a circuit schematic of the DC-DC/energy management module of the circuit of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of an energy storage module circuit of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic circuit diagram of an output module of the circuit of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is an overall circuit schematic of the circuit of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, a WiFi energy harvesting circuit system includes an antenna module, an impedance matching network module, a rectifier module, a DC-DC/energy management module, an energy storage module, and an output module; the output end of the antenna module is connected with the input end of the impedance matching network module; the output end of the impedance matching network module is connected with the input end of the rectifier module; the output end of the rectifier is connected with the input end of the DC-DC/energy management module; an energy storage module interface pin of the DC-DC/energy management module is connected with an input/output end of the energy storage module; and the output end of the DC-DC/energy management module is connected with the input end of the output module.
With reference to fig. 1, the operating principle of the circuit of the invention will be explained in detail below: firstly, an antenna module collects energy from a WiFi signal; the impedance matching network module matches the impedance of the front and rear stage circuits of the impedance matching network module to reduce the reflection of energy; the rectifier module converts the received sine carrier signal into a direct current signal and raises the voltage of the direct current signal to twice the amplitude of the sine wave alternating current signal; the work flow of the DC-DC/energy management module is as follows: firstly, extracting energy from a direct current signal output by a rectifier module, then executing different energy management strategies according to the quantity of the acquired energy, and finally outputting a direct current signal with a specific voltage value after executing a corresponding strategy; the energy management strategies mainly comprise two strategies: when the obtained energy is large, the collected energy is converted into a direct current signal with a specific voltage value, and if the direct current signal has the surplus energy, the direct current signal is stored in an energy storage module; and secondly, when the acquired energy is low, the collected energy and the energy in the energy storage module are converted into a direct current signal with a specific voltage value. The energy storage module stores the redundant energy collected by the system in an energy storage element; the output module stably provides the direct current signal with the specific voltage value output by the DC-DC/energy management module to the external load equipment.
As shown in fig. 2, the impedance matching network module includes a first capacitor C1 and a first inductor L1, where the inductors are high frequency inductors; the 1 end of the first inductor is connected with the 1 end of the first capacitor, the connecting end of the first inductor is the input end of the impedance matching network module circuit, and the 2 end of the first capacitor is grounded to suppress interference signals; the 2 end of the first inductor L1 is the output end of the impedance matching network module circuit, and the output end is connected with the input end of the rectifier module; the impedance matching network module enables the impedance of the antenna module to be equal to the total load impedance of the rectifier module, the DC-DC/energy management module, the energy storage module and the output module, the impedance is 50 ohms, and the resistance value enables the working state of the whole system to be optimal. The first capacitor C1 and the first inductor L1 form a single-stage LC matching network circuit; the module has simple circuit structure and low loss.
As shown in fig. 3, the rectifier module includes a second capacitor C2, a third capacitor C3, a first diode D1, and a second diode D2; the second capacitor C2 and the third capacitor C3 are high-quality and low-loss high-frequency capacitors; the first diode D1 and the second diode D2 are both high-performance Schottky diodes with the model number of SMS 7630-061; the 1 end of the second capacitor C2 is the input end of the rectifier module; the 2 terminal of the second capacitor C2 and the 1 terminal (cathode) of the first diode D1 are both connected with the 2 terminal (anode) of the second diode D2; the 2 terminal (anode) of the first diode D1 is grounded; the 1 end (cathode) of the second diode D2 is connected with the 1 end of the third capacitor C3, the connection end of the second diode D2 is the output end of the rectifier module, and the 2 end of the third capacitor C3 is grounded. The rectifier module converts the sine wave alternating current signal output by the matching network module into a direct current signal and raises the voltage of the direct current signal to twice the amplitude of the sine wave alternating current signal; the third capacitor C3 can eliminate high-frequency parts in direct current signals flowing through the rectifier module; the capacitor and the diode used in the method are high-performance and low-loss electronic devices, so that the loss of a rectifier module circuit formed by the capacitor and the diode is low.
As shown in fig. 4, the DC-DC/energy management module includes an energy management chip U1, a fourth capacitor C4, a fifth capacitor C5, a sixth capacitor C6, a seventh capacitor C7, an eighth capacitor C8, a second inductor L2, a third inductor L3, a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, a third resistor R3, a fourth resistor R4, a fifth resistor R5, a sixth resistor R6, and a seventh resistor R7, which are integrated with various functions; the pin 2 of the energy management chip U1, the terminal 1 of the second inductor L2 and the terminal 1 of the fourth capacitor C4 are all connected with the terminal 1 of the fifth capacitor C5, and the connection terminals are the input terminals of the DC-DC/energy management module; the 2 end of the fourth capacitor C4 is grounded, and the 2 end of the fifth capacitor C5 is grounded; the 2 terminal of the second inductor L2 is connected with the 20 th pin of the energy management chip U1; the 2 terminal of the seventh capacitor C7, the 2 terminal of the eighth capacitor C8, the 19 th pin of the energy management chip U1, the 3 rd pin of the energy management chip U1 and the 6 th pin of the energy management chip U1 are all connected to the 13 th pin of the energy management chip U1, the 1 terminal of the seventh capacitor is grounded, and the 1 terminal of the eighth capacitor is grounded; the 1 end of the sixth capacitor C6 is connected with the 4 th pin of the energy management chip U1; the 2 end of the sixth capacitor C6 is grounded; the pin 7 of the energy management chip U1 and the end 2 of the first resistor R1 are both connected with the end 1 of the second resistor R2; the 2 end of the second resistor R2 is grounded; the 1 end of the first resistor R1, the 8 th pin of the energy management chip U1 and the 1 end of the third resistor R3 are all connected with the 1 end of the sixth resistor R6; the 2 terminal of the third resistor R3 and the 1 terminal of the fourth resistor R4 are both connected with the 10 th pin of the energy management chip U1; the 2 terminal of the fourth resistor R4 and the 1 terminal of the fifth resistor R5 are both connected with the 11 th pin of the energy management chip U1; the 2 end of the fifth resistor R5 is grounded; the 2 terminal of the sixth resistor R6 and the 1 terminal of the seventh resistor R7 are both connected with the 12 th pin of the energy management chip U1; the 2 end of the seventh resistor R7 is grounded; the 1 st pin of the energy management chip U1, the 5 th pin of the energy management chip U1, the 9 th pin of the energy management chip U1, the 15 th pin of the energy management chip U1 and the 17 th pin of the energy management chip U1 are all grounded; the 16 th pin of the energy management chip U1 is connected with the 1 end of the third inductor L3; the 2 terminal of the third inductor L3 is connected to the 14 th pin of the energy management chip U1, and the connection terminal is the output terminal of the DC-DC/energy management module. The 18 th pin of the energy management chip U1 is connected with an input/output interface of an energy storage module; the module has simple circuit structure and low loss.
As shown in fig. 5, the energy storage module includes an energy storage element BAT; the end (positive electrode) of the energy storage element BAT1 is connected with the 18 th pin of the energy management chip U1, and the connection end is the input/output end of the energy storage module; the 2-terminal (negative electrode) of the energy storage element BAT is grounded; the energy storage element BAT may be a rechargeable lithium battery, a thin film battery, a super capacitor, or the like; the energy storage element BAT stores the excess energy collected by the system to improve the overall energy utilization rate of the system.
As shown in fig. 6, the output module includes a ninth capacitor C9, a tenth capacitor C10, and an output interface terminal Road; the 1 end of the ninth capacitor C9 and the 1 end of the tenth capacitor C10 are both connected with the 1 end (positive electrode) of the output interface terminal Road, and the connection end is the input end of the output module; the 2 end of the ninth capacitor C9 is grounded, the 2 end of the tenth capacitor C10 is grounded, and the 2 end (negative pole) of the output interface terminal Road is grounded; the tenth capacitor C10 is used for eliminating high-frequency components in the direct-current signal output by the DC-DC/energy management module; the ninth capacitor C9 is used for eliminating low-frequency components in the direct current signal output by the DC-DC/energy management module. The module has simple circuit structure and low loss.
Claims (5)
1. A WiFi energy acquisition circuit comprises an antenna module, an impedance matching network module, a rectifier module, a DC-DC/energy management module, an energy storage module and an output module, and is characterized in that:
the impedance matching network module makes the impedance of the antenna module equal to the total load impedance of the rectifier module, the DC-DC/energy management module, the energy storage module and the output module;
the output end of the antenna module is connected with the input end of the impedance matching network module; the output end of the impedance matching network module is connected with the input end of the rectifier module; the output end of the rectifier is connected with the input end of the DC-DC/energy management module; the energy storage interface pin of the DC-DC/energy management module is connected with the input/output end of the energy storage module; the output end of the DC-DC/energy management module is connected with the input end of the output module;
the impedance matching network module comprises a first capacitor and a first inductor; the 1 end of the first inductor is connected with the 1 end of the first capacitor, the connecting end of the first inductor is the input end of the impedance matching network module circuit, and the 2 end of the first capacitor is grounded to suppress interference signals; the 2 end of the first inductor is the output end of the impedance matching network module circuit, and the output end is connected with the input end of the rectifier module;
the rectifier module comprises a second capacitor, a third capacitor, a first diode and a second diode; the 1 end of the second capacitor is the input end of the rectifier module; the 2 end of the second capacitor and the cathode of the first diode are both connected with the anode of the second diode; the anode of the first diode is grounded; the cathode of the second diode is connected with the end 1 of the third capacitor, the connecting end of the second diode is the output end of the rectifier module, and the end 2 of the third capacitor is grounded;
the DC-DC/energy management module comprises an energy management chip integrated with multiple functions, a fourth capacitor, a fifth capacitor, a sixth capacitor, a seventh capacitor, an eighth capacitor, a second inductor, a third inductor, a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor, a fourth resistor, a fifth resistor, a sixth resistor and a seventh resistor; the energy management chip is a low-power consumption chip with the model number of BQ 25570; the end 1 of the fifth capacitor, the end 1 of the second inductor and the end 1 of the fourth capacitor are all connected with the No. 2 pin of the energy management chip, and the connecting ends of the pins are the input ends of the DC-DC/energy management module; the 2 end of the fourth capacitor is grounded, and the 2 end of the fifth capacitor is grounded; the 2 end of the second inductor is connected with the 20 th pin of the energy management chip; the 2 terminal of the seventh capacitor, the 2 terminal of the eighth capacitor, the 19 th pin of the energy management chip, the 3 rd pin of the energy management chip and the 6 th pin of the energy management chip are all connected with the 13 th pin of the energy management chip, the 1 terminal of the seventh capacitor is grounded, and the 1 terminal of the eighth capacitor is grounded; the terminal 1 of the sixth capacitor is connected with the pin 4 of the energy management chip, and the terminal 2 of the sixth capacitor is grounded; the 7 th pin of the energy management chip and the 2 end of the first resistor are both connected with the 1 end of the second resistor, and the 2 end of the second resistor is grounded; the end 1 of the first resistor, the 8 th pin of the energy management chip and the end 1 of the third resistor are all connected with the end 1 of the sixth resistor; the end 2 of the third resistor and the end 1 of the fourth resistor are both connected with the 10 th pin of the energy management chip; the end 2 of the fourth resistor and the end 1 of the fifth resistor are both connected with the 11 th pin of the energy management chip, and the end 2 of the fifth resistor is grounded; the end 2 of the sixth resistor and the end 1 of the seventh resistor are both connected with the pin 12 of the energy management chip, and the end 2 of the seventh resistor is grounded; the 1 st pin of the energy management chip, the 5 th pin of the energy management chip, the 9 th pin of the energy management chip, the 15 th pin of the energy management chip and the 17 th pin of the energy management chip are all grounded; the 16 th pin of the energy management chip is connected with the 1 end of the third inductor; the 2 end of the third inductor is connected with the 14 th pin of the energy management chip, and the connecting end is the output end of the DC-DC/energy management module; the 18 th pin of the energy management chip is connected with an input/output interface of the energy storage module;
the energy storage module comprises an energy storage element; the anode of the energy storage element is connected with the 18 th pin of the energy management chip, and the connecting end is the input/output end of the energy storage module; the negative electrode of the energy storage element is grounded;
the output module comprises a ninth capacitor, a tenth capacitor and an output interface terminal; the end 1 of the ninth capacitor and the end 1 of the tenth capacitor are both connected with the anode of the output interface terminal, and the connecting end is the input end of the output module; and the 2 end of the ninth capacitor is grounded, the 2 end of the tenth capacitor is grounded, and the negative electrode of the output interface terminal is grounded.
2. The WiFi energy harvesting circuit of claim 1, wherein: the antenna module adopts an external antenna with the model W1010; the impedance of the antenna is 50 ohms.
3. The WiFi energy harvesting circuit of claim 1, wherein: the first inductor is a high-frequency inductor.
4. The WiFi energy harvesting circuit of claim 1, wherein: the second capacitor and the third capacitor are high-frequency capacitors with high quality and low loss; the first diode and the second diode are both high-performance Schottky diodes with the model number of SMS 7630-061.
5. The WiFi energy harvesting circuit of claim 1, wherein: the DC-DC/energy management module can be started at an input voltage as low as 300mv, and can continuously collect energy at the input voltage as low as 100mv after starting.
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| CN201911237602.8A CN111130603A (en) | 2019-12-06 | 2019-12-06 | WiFi energy acquisition circuit |
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