Low-high voltage cascading failure ride-through control method for double-fed wind generating set
Technical Field
The invention relates to a low-high voltage cascading failure ride-through control method for a double-fed wind generating set, and belongs to the technical field of wind power generation.
Background
The proportion of wind power generation in energy structures in China is increasing day by day, and in order to ensure the stability of an electric power system, a national power grid company puts forward higher requirements on the non-grid-disconnection stable operation of a wind power generator set under the condition of grid voltage faults, and sets up related technical standards. The double-fed wind generating set is a wind generating set which is widely applied to the current wind field, and is the most sensitive to the grid fault.
According to the national standard of wind turbine generator grid connection, the wind turbine generator has low voltage ride through capability and high voltage ride through capability under the condition of grid faults. At present, the requirements of a power grid for low-voltage ride-through capability and high-voltage ride-through capability of a wind generating set are made based on sudden voltage drop or sudden voltage rise of the power grid under the condition of a normal power grid. Aiming at the special condition that a power grid is linked with a high-voltage fault after a low-voltage fault or linked with a low-voltage fault after a high-voltage fault, although no mandatory requirement is made in a wind turbine generator grid-connection standard, the power grid-connection standard is listed in a test specification as a selectable test item. When the power grid is in a low-high voltage cascading failure, the transient process of the system is more unstable, and the failure condition is worse. The traditional high voltage ride through control strategy may cause the failure of the wind turbine generator. The traditional high-voltage ride-through control strategy is suitable for the grid fault that the grid voltage is suddenly increased from a rated Pu value to a voltage value between 1.1Pu and 1.3Pu, and the maximum sudden change of the grid voltage is 0.3 Pu. However, when the low-voltage linkage high-voltage fault occurs, the grid voltage suddenly rises from 0.2Pu to 0.9Pu to 1.1Pu to 1.3Pu, the maximum sudden change of the grid voltage is 1.1Pu, and the grid fault condition is worse. Obviously, the traditional high voltage ride through control strategy is not suitable for the special case of cascading high voltage faults after the low voltage faults of the power grid. If the traditional high-voltage ride-through control strategy is still adopted when the grid voltage is low and the voltage is linked to the high voltage, the off-grid shutdown of the doubly-fed wind turbine generator is easily caused, and the low and high voltage linked fault ride-through of the grid cannot be completed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of a low-high voltage cascading failure ride-through control strategy of a wind generating set.
In order to solve the above problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is to provide a low-high voltage cascading failure ride-through control method for a doubly-fed wind generating set, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: detecting the voltage of the power grid in real time, and obtaining a per unit value Ug of a positive sequence vector of the voltage of the power grid through a second-order generalized integrator SOGI phase-locked loop+;
Step 2: judging the power grid voltage positive sequence vector per unit value Ug+Whether greater than 1.1 pu;
and step 3: if Ug+If the voltage is larger than 1.1pu, simultaneously detecting whether the LVRT _ End is 1, and if the voltage is 1, entering a low-high voltage cascading failure ride-through mode; wherein, LVRT _ End is a low voltage ride through End mark signal, the mark is set to 1 when the low voltage ride through is finished, and is maintained to be clear 0 for a period of time for judging the low and high voltage cascading failure;
and 4, step 4: after entering a low-high voltage cascading failure traversing mode, synchronously performing coordination control of the cooperation and combined action of a network side converter, a direct current unloading Chopper circuit and a rotor side converter, spending a transient process of voltage transition during low-high voltage cascading failure, simultaneously restraining rotor overcurrent, preventing the input of a Crowbar circuit at the rotor side, and ensuring the continuous active power output of the converter during the fault traversing;
a. blocking the grid-side converter pulse immediately, and starting timing by a pulse blocking timer; the system fault shutdown caused by overlarge transient impact current of the grid-side converter due to large voltage mutation amplitude and violent transition process of the low-high voltage cascading failure of the power grid and even the damage of hardware such as power devices and the like are avoided;
b. raising the threshold values of the upper limit and the lower limit of the operating voltage of the Chopper circuit to the parameter values corresponding to the low-high voltage cascading failures immediately; when the voltage of the direct-current bus is larger than the upper limit threshold value, the Chopper circuit is switched on to discharge, and when the voltage of the direct-current bus is smaller than the lower limit threshold value, the Chopper circuit is switched off to not discharge; the Chopper circuit releases energy which is injected into a direct current bus from a grid-side converter and a rotor-side converter in a voltage sudden change dynamic process, the fluctuation of the voltage of the direct current bus is controlled within a certain safety range, and support is provided for the stable operation of the converter;
c. the rotor-side converter adopts a single-current closed-loop control strategy, and an active current given value is directly calculated according to an active power instruction value of a master control system of the wind turbine generator set, so that the active output of the wind turbine generator set is guaranteed; the given reactive current value is directly given according to the high voltage ride through standard of the wind turbine generator;
and 5: calculating the low and high voltage sudden change amplitude of the power grid, and determining the time of grid side pulse locking according to the difference of the low and high voltage sudden change amplitudes; the general principle is that the larger the sudden change amplitude is, the longer the blocking time is, and the blocking time is generally less than 4 power grid periods, so that the recovery of the transient process of the system is facilitated; meanwhile, the convenience and operability in practical application are considered;
step 6: detecting that the pulse blocking timing time is up, unlocking the network side pulse, and lifting a direct-current bus voltage set value according to the power grid voltage value after the voltage suddenly rises;
and 7: detecting the power grid voltage at the same time during the low-high voltage cascading failure ride-through period, and judging the power grid voltage positive sequence vector per unit value Ug+Whether less than 1.05 pu;
and 8: if Ug+And if the voltage is less than 1.05pu, the low-high voltage cascading failure ride-through is finished, the double closed-loop control strategy of the rotor-side converter is recovered, the upper and lower limit threshold values of the Chopper circuit are recovered, and the voltage set value of the direct-current bus is recovered.
Preferably, the time of mesh-side pulse latching is determined in step 5, and the latching time t can be determined by using the following formula:
wherein
For the per unit value of the positive sequence vector when the high voltage of the cascading failure power grid is stable,
the method is a per unit value of the positive sequence vector when the low voltage of the cascading failure power grid is stable.
The invention provides an effective control method aiming at the special condition of low-high voltage cascading failure of a power grid, effectively improves the reliability of the doubly-fed wind generating set that a fan does not break off the grid when the low-high voltage cascading failure occurs in the power grid, and ensures the continuous active output of a converter during the fault ride-through period.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the method, the grid voltage is detected in real time, the per unit value of the grid voltage positive sequence vector is rapidly and accurately obtained through the SOGI phase-locked loop, and the occurrence of the low-voltage and high-voltage cascading failure can be rapidly judged by combining a low-voltage-through end marking signal; when a low-voltage and high-voltage cascading failure occurs in a power grid, coordinated control of cooperation and combined action of the grid-side converter, the Chopper circuit and the rotor-side converter is synchronously performed, so that the reliability of non-grid-disconnection operation of a fan when the low-voltage and high-voltage cascading failure occurs in the power grid of the double-fed wind generating set is effectively improved, and the continuous active power output of the converter is ensured during the fault ride-through period; according to the low-high voltage sudden change amplitude of the power grid, the pulse blocking time is determined, and the ride-through capability of the low-high voltage cascading failure of the system is simply and efficiently improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a low-high voltage cascading failure ride-through control method of a double-fed wind generating set according to the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a double-fed wind power generation system of the present invention;
Detailed Description
In order to make the invention more comprehensible, preferred embodiments are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the invention provides a low-high voltage cascading failure ride-through control method for a double-fed wind generating set;
the method comprises the following steps:
step 1: detecting the voltage of the power grid in real time, and obtaining a per unit value Ug of the positive sequence vector of the voltage of the power grid through the SOGI phase-locked loop+;
Step 2: judging the power grid voltage positive sequence vector per unit value Ug+Whether greater than 1.1 pu;
and step 3: if Ug+And if the LVRT _ End is larger than 1.1pu, simultaneously detecting whether the LVRT _ End is 1, and if the LVRT _ End is 1, entering a low-high voltage cascading failure ride-through mode.
The LVRT _ End is a low voltage ride through End mark signal, the mark is set to be 1 when the low voltage ride through is ended, and the clear 0 is maintained for a period of time for judging the low and high voltage cascading failure.
And 4, step 4: after entering a low-high voltage cascading failure traversing mode, the coordination control of the cooperation and combined action of the grid-side converter, the direct-current unloading Chopper circuit and the rotor-side converter is synchronously carried out, the transient process of voltage transition during low-high voltage cascading failure is used, the rotor overcurrent is restrained, the input of a Crowbar circuit on the rotor side is prevented, and the continuous active power output of the converter during the fault traversing is ensured.
a. The grid side converter pulses are immediately blocked, and simultaneously the pulse blocking timer starts to time. The system fault shutdown caused by overlarge transient impact current of the grid-side converter due to large voltage mutation amplitude and violent transition process of the low-high voltage cascading failure of the power grid and even the damage of hardware such as power devices and the like are avoided;
b. and immediately raising the threshold value of the upper limit and the lower limit of the operating voltage of the Chopper circuit to the parameter value corresponding to the low-high voltage cascading failure. When the voltage of the direct current bus is larger than the upper limit threshold value, the Chopper circuit is switched on to discharge, and when the voltage of the direct current bus is smaller than the lower limit threshold value, the Chopper circuit is switched off to not discharge. The Chopper circuit releases energy which is injected into a direct current bus from a grid-side converter and a rotor-side converter in a voltage sudden change dynamic process, the fluctuation of the voltage of the direct current bus is controlled within a certain safety range, and support is provided for the stable operation of the converter;
c. the rotor-side converter adopts a single-current closed-loop control strategy, and an active current given value is directly calculated according to an active power instruction value of a master control system of the wind turbine generator set, so that the active output of the wind turbine generator set is guaranteed; the given reactive current value is directly given according to the high voltage ride through standard of the wind turbine generator. The dynamic response performance of the system is greatly improved, the instability of the rotor current transient process is further restrained, and the recovery of the grid voltage is supported.
And 5: and calculating the low and high voltage sudden change amplitude of the power grid, and determining the time of the grid side pulse locking according to the difference of the low and high voltage sudden change amplitudes. The general principle is that the blocking time is longer when the sudden change amplitude is larger, and the blocking time is generally less than 4 grid periods so as to facilitate the recovery of the transient process of the system. Considering both the convenience and operability in practical applications, the latch-up time t can be determined using the following equation:
wherein
For the per unit value of the positive sequence vector when the high voltage of the cascading failure power grid is stable,
the method is a per unit value of the positive sequence vector when the low voltage of the cascading failure power grid is stable.
Step 6: and when the pulse blocking timing time is up, unlocking the network side pulse, and lifting the voltage set value of the direct current bus according to the voltage value of the power network after the voltage suddenly rises.
And 7: detecting the power grid voltage at the same time during the low-high voltage cascading failure ride-through period, and judging the power grid voltage positive sequence vector per unit value Ug+Whether or not less than 1.05 pu.
And 8: if Ug+And if the voltage is less than 1.05pu, the low-high voltage cascading failure ride-through is finished, the double closed-loop control strategy of the rotor-side converter is recovered, the upper and lower limit threshold values of the Chopper circuit are recovered, and the voltage set value of the direct-current bus is recovered.
While the invention has been described with respect to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Those skilled in the art can make various changes, modifications and equivalent arrangements, which are equivalent to the embodiments of the present invention, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and which may be made by utilizing the techniques disclosed above; meanwhile, any changes, modifications and variations of the above-described embodiments, which are equivalent to those of the technical spirit of the present invention, are within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.