CN111969647A - Converter transient instability stabilization control method and device based on state resetting - Google Patents

Converter transient instability stabilization control method and device based on state resetting Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111969647A
CN111969647A CN202010722033.2A CN202010722033A CN111969647A CN 111969647 A CN111969647 A CN 111969647A CN 202010722033 A CN202010722033 A CN 202010722033A CN 111969647 A CN111969647 A CN 111969647A
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value
integrator
controller
resetting
converter
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CN111969647B (en
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蔡旭
邱伟
张宇
李岩
吕敬
赵晓斌
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Shanghai Jiaotong University
Research Institute of Southern Power Grid Co Ltd
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Shanghai Jiaotong University
Research Institute of Southern Power Grid Co Ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/24Arrangements for preventing or reducing oscillations of power in networks
    • H02J3/241The oscillation concerning frequency
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2300/00Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
    • H02J2300/20The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
    • H02J2300/28The renewable source being wind energy

Abstract

The invention discloses a converter transient instability stabilization control method and a device based on state resetting, wherein the method comprises the following steps: when the converter is in transient instability, the value of at least one state variable of the control loop related to the transient instability of the converter is reset, and the reset state variable is in a stable domain of a dynamic system of the control loop. The device includes: and the state variable value resetting unit is used for resetting the value of at least one state variable of the control loop related to the transient instability of the converter when the transient instability of the converter occurs, so that the reset state variable is in a stable domain of a dynamic system of the control loop. The method and the device for stabilizing and controlling the transient instability of the converter based on state resetting have the characteristics of simple control mode, high reliability, strong universality for different faults and convenience for expanding to other transient instability types of the converter.

Description

Converter transient instability stabilization control method and device based on state resetting
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power electronics, in particular to a converter transient instability stabilization control method and device based on state resetting.
Background
The proportion of new energy power generation represented by a wind-solar power supply in a power system is increased year by year, and a three-phase voltage source type converter is an interface between asynchronous machine power supplies and an alternating current power grid; on the other hand, with the rapid development of dc transmission and microgrid, such converters play an increasingly important role in power systems. This requires that the converter be able to provide as much support to the grid as possible and reduce power shortages after a transient condition has occurred in the grid, without being able to disconnect and latch as before.
During transients, the converter will face two problems, namely fault ride-through and transient stability. The fault ride-through can ensure that the converter does not generate overvoltage and overcurrent during the fault period as much as possible, and simultaneously provides support for a fault power grid; transient stability is a guarantee of fault ride-through, and if the converter is unstable after transient, the converter loses control and cannot perform fault ride-through, and serious accidents such as power oscillation and direct-current voltage breakdown can occur. Because the transient instability of the converter has serious consequences, a corresponding solution needs to be provided after the instability occurs, so that the converter can normally operate again after the transient instability occurs, and the influence range of accidents is prevented from being enlarged.
Transient instability of the converter is the earliest phenomenon in low voltage ride through research of a fan, and when the voltage of an alternating current power grid is low, a phase-locked loop of a wind turbine generator grid-side converter is unlocked. Phase-locked loop loss of lock is an important reason for the instability of the converter under large disturbances. The following methods are currently available for solving such problems. The first is to inject the voltage drop of the current output of the reactive current compensation converter on the line, which is the conventional operation at present, because according to some national standards of new energy grid connection, a certain amount of reactive current must be injected during the grid fault, but this method can only solve the existing problem of the static operating point, but cannot dynamically stabilize the phase-locked loop, especially in the case of weak grid, if the grid voltage angle undergoes a large sudden change, this method will not be helpful; the second method is conventional locking, namely when the voltage drop of the power grid is lower than a certain threshold value, the output of a PI controller of a phase-locked loop is directly locked or an integrator of the PI controller of the phase-locked loop is locked, so that the phase-locked loop operates in an open loop mode or a first-order system mode. The third method is to directly reset the integrator of the PI controller of the phase-locked loop, but if the reset time is not right, the phase-locked loop may have secondary instability, and thus the reliability is not high.
Since the transient stability problem of the converter is regarded as important in recent years, the corresponding stabilization control method is not mature. The problem is related to the transient safety problem of project engineering such as new energy power generation, flexible direct power transmission and the like, and a direct, simple and reliable transient instability stabilizing method is urgently needed to solve the transient instability problem which possibly occurs in a converter at any time.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention provides a method and an apparatus for controlling transient instability of a converter based on state resetting, which can directly set the corresponding state into a stable domain by resetting the value of a state variable of a control loop related to transient instability of the converter, so as to re-stabilize the converter which has undergone transient instability.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a converter transient instability stabilization control method and a device based on state resetting, which comprises the following steps:
s11: when transient instability of the converter occurs, the value of at least one state variable of a control loop related to the transient instability of the converter is reset, and the reset state variable is in a stable domain of a dynamic system of the control loop.
Preferably, the control loop comprises: a phase-locked loop; further, the air conditioner is provided with a fan,
the phase-locked loop includes: rotation transformation, PI controller, independent integrator and frequency compensation.
Preferably, the state variables include: the value of the integrator of the PI controller; and/or, the value of the independent integrator.
Preferably, the S11 further includes:
s41: judging whether the value of an integrator of the PI controller is larger than zero or not;
s42: if the judgment result of the S41 is yes, resetting the value of the independent integrator to be the voltage vector angle of the alternating current power grid plus 90 degrees; if the judgment result of the S41 is negative, resetting the value of the independent integrator to be 90 degrees minus the voltage vector angle of the alternating current power grid;
s43: resetting a value of an integrator of the PI controller to zero.
Preferably, the S11 further includes:
s51: judging whether the value of an integrator of the PI controller is larger than zero or not;
s52: if the judgment result of the step S51 is yes, judging whether the q-axis voltage component of the grid-connected point voltage after the rotation transformation is less than zero; if the judgment result of the S51 is negative, judging whether the q-axis voltage component of the grid-connected point voltage after the rotation transformation is larger than zero;
s53: if the judgment result of the S52 is yes, resetting the value of an integrator of the PI controller to zero; if the judgment result of the S52 is negative, staying at the S52 to wait until the value of the integrator of the PI controller is reset to zero when the judgment result of the S52 is positive.
The invention also provides a converter transient instability stabilization control device based on state resetting, which comprises: the state variable value resetting unit is used for resetting the value of at least one state variable of a control loop related to transient instability of the converter when the transient instability of the converter occurs, so that the reset state variable is in a stable domain of a dynamic system of the control loop.
Preferably, the control loop comprises: a phase-locked loop; further, the air conditioner is provided with a fan,
the phase-locked loop includes: rotation transformation, PI controller, independent integrator and frequency compensation.
Preferably, the state variables include: the value of the integrator of the PI controller; and/or, the value of the independent integrator.
Preferably, the state variable value resetting unit further includes: the device comprises an integrator value judging unit of the PI controller, an independent integrator value resetting unit and an integrator value resetting unit of the PI controller; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the integrator value judging unit of the PI controller is used for judging whether the value of the integrator of the PI controller is larger than zero or not;
the independent integrator value resetting unit is used for resetting the value of the independent integrator to 90 degrees plus the voltage vector angle of the alternating current power grid if the judgment result of the integrator value judging unit of the PI controller is positive; if the judgment result of the integrator value judgment unit of the PI controller is negative, resetting the value of the independent integrator to be 90 degrees minus the voltage vector angle of the alternating current power grid;
the integrator value resetting unit of the PI controller is used for resetting the value of the integrator of the PI controller to zero.
Preferably, the state variable value resetting unit further includes: an integrator value judgment unit of the PI controller, a q-axis voltage component judgment unit and an integrator value resetting unit of the PI controller; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the integrator value judging unit of the PI controller is used for judging whether the value of the integrator of the PI controller is larger than zero or not;
the q-axis voltage component judging unit is used for judging whether the q-axis voltage component of the grid-connected point voltage subjected to the rotation transformation is less than zero or not if the judgment result of the integrator value judging unit of the PI controller is yes; if the judgment result of the integrator value judgment unit of the PI controller is negative, judging whether the q-axis voltage component of the grid-connected point voltage subjected to the rotation transformation is larger than zero or not
The integrator value resetting unit of the PI controller is used for resetting the value of the integrator of the PI controller to zero if the judgment result of the q-axis voltage component judging unit is yes; if the judgment result of the q-axis voltage component judgment unit is negative, staying at the q-axis voltage component judgment unit for waiting until the judgment result of the q-axis voltage component judgment unit is positive, and resetting the value of the integrator of the PI controller to zero.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) according to the converter transient instability stabilization control method and device based on state resetting, provided by the invention, the corresponding state can be directly set in the stability domain by resetting the value of the state variable of the control loop related to the transient instability of the converter, so that the converter with the transient instability is stabilized again;
(2) according to the converter transient instability stabilization control method and device based on state resetting, the state of a control loop related to the converter transient instability is directly set in a stable domain range, the effectiveness of a control means can be guaranteed, and the method is an well-documented method, so that the reliability is high;
(3) the converter transient instability stabilization control method and device based on state resetting provided by the invention do not depend on specific fault forms and fault severity, and have better universality;
(4) the invention provides a method and a device for stabilizing and controlling transient instability of a converter based on state resetting, which are provided according to the characteristics of the converter and have good expansibility for other types of transient instability.
Of course, it is not necessary for any product in which the invention is practiced to achieve all of the above-described advantages at the same time.
Drawings
Embodiments of the invention are further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
FIG. 1 is a flowchart illustrating a transient instability stabilization control method for a converter based on state resetting according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating a method for controlling transient instability of a converter based on state resetting according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating a method for controlling transient instability of a converter based on state resetting according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 illustrates a converter topology and its control loop in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating a mechanism of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a waveform diagram of a simulation without stabilization control according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a waveform diagram illustrating simulation of the method shown in FIG. 2 to achieve a calm control according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a waveform diagram of a simulation of implementing the stabilization control according to the method shown in fig. 3 according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following examples are given for the detailed implementation and specific operation of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart illustrating a transient instability stabilization control method for a converter based on state resetting according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the stabilizing control method of the present embodiment includes the following steps:
s11: when the converter is in transient instability, the value of at least one state variable of the control loop related to the transient instability of the converter is reset, and the reset state variable is in a stable domain of a dynamic system of the control loop.
In a preferred embodiment, the control loop comprises: a phase-locked loop; further, the phase locked loop includes: rotation transformation, PI controller, independent integrator and frequency compensation.
In a preferred embodiment, the state variables are physically present in the memory or registers of the digital controller of the converter and can be accessed and written to at any time.
In a preferred embodiment, the state variables include: the value of the integrator of the PI controller; and/or the value of an independent integrator.
In a preferred embodiment, the flowchart is shown in fig. 2, and S11 specifically includes:
s41: judging whether the value of an integrator of the PI controller is larger than zero or not;
s42: if the judgment result of the S41 is yes, resetting the value of the independent integrator to be the voltage vector angle of the alternating current power grid plus 90 degrees; if the judgment result of the S41 is negative, resetting the value of the independent integrator to be the voltage vector angle of the alternating current power grid minus 90 degrees;
s43: the value of the integrator of the PI controller is reset to zero.
In a preferred embodiment, the flowchart is shown in fig. 3, and S11 further includes:
s51: judging whether the value of an integrator of the PI controller is larger than zero or not;
s52: if the judgment result of the S51 is yes, judging whether the q-axis voltage component of the grid-connected point voltage after the rotation transformation is less than zero; if the judgment result of the S51 is negative, judging whether the q-axis voltage component of the grid-connected point voltage after the rotation transformation is larger than zero;
s53: if the judgment result of the S52 is yes, resetting the value of the integrator of the PI controller to zero; if the judgment result of S52 is no, the process stays at S52 to wait until the value of the integrator of the PI controller is reset to zero when the judgment result of S52 is yes.
Referring to fig. 4, an embodiment of a converter and a grid-connected system thereof includes: the system comprises a three-phase voltage source type converter, a Thevenin equivalent circuit of an alternating current power grid and a control loop of the converter. The control structure of the phase locked loop is drawn in detail in the control loop of the converter. Since the entire control loop is present in the digital controller of the converter, the state of any integrator can be modified at any time by software means.
Referring to fig. 5, when the state of the control loop after the fault occurs is not in the stable region, the state trajectory gradually diverges. Therefore, the concept of the stabilization control according to this embodiment is to directly control the state to be within the stable region range after the instability occurs. Because the angle of the grid voltage vector is difficult to obtain in some cases, the other state can be directly set to zero when the related state meets the requirement of the stable domain (determined by q-axis voltage), and the purpose of stabilizing control can be achieved.
Specifically, the above embodiment was verified on a simulation platform:
(1) free of calm control
Referring to fig. 5, the present embodiment triggers a grid fault when the simulation time t is 1s, and it can be observed that the dq-axis voltage of the converter and the internal frequency of the phase-locked loop have started to oscillate, and the phase-locked loop of the converter has transient instability. Since no stabilization control is adopted, the oscillation continues all the time, and the three-phase alternating-current voltage of the grid-connected point also oscillates to a larger extent.
(2) And (3) adopting stabilization control: implementation scheme one
Referring to fig. 6, the present embodiment triggers a grid fault when the simulation time t is 1 s. Please refer to fig. 2, which is a flowchart of the stabilization control of the present implementation. At 0.01s after the fault occurs, the converter starts the stabilization control, the state of the integrator of the PI controller of the phase-locked loop is set to zero, and the state of the independent integrator is set to the angle of the grid voltage plus 90 degrees. It can be seen that after the stabilization control, the phase-locked loop recovers to be stable, the oscillation does not occur any more, and the voltage of the grid-connected point also presents a normal form.
(3) And (3) adopting stabilization control: implementation scheme two
Referring to fig. 6, the present embodiment triggers a grid fault when the simulation time t is 1 s. Please refer to fig. 3, which is a flowchart of the stabilization control of the present implementation. After the fault occurs, when the q-axis voltage component is detected to be smaller than zero, the converter starts the stabilization control, and the state of an integrator of a PI controller of the phase-locked loop is directly set to be zero. It can be seen that after the stabilization control, the phase-locked loop recovers to be stable, the oscillation does not occur any more, and the voltage of the grid-connected point also presents a normal form. The method has more practicability compared with the first embodiment because the voltage vector angle of the alternating current power grid does not need to be detected (the detection is difficult to obtain generally).
In one embodiment, a converter transient instability stabilization control device based on state reset is further provided, including: and the state variable value resetting unit is used for resetting the value of at least one state variable of the control loop related to the transient instability of the converter when the transient instability of the converter occurs, so that the reset state variable is in a stable domain of a dynamic system of the control loop.
In a preferred embodiment, the control loop comprises: a phase-locked loop; further, the phase locked loop includes: rotation transformation, PI controller, independent integrator and frequency compensation.
In a preferred embodiment, the state variables include: the value of the integrator of the PI controller; and/or the value of an independent integrator.
In a preferred embodiment, the state variable value resetting unit further includes: the device comprises an integrator value judging unit of the PI controller, an independent integrator value resetting unit and an integrator value resetting unit of the PI controller. The device comprises a PI controller, an integrator value judgment unit and a control unit, wherein the integrator value judgment unit of the PI controller is used for judging whether the value of an integrator of the PI controller is greater than zero or not; the independent integrator value resetting unit is used for resetting the value of the independent integrator to 90 degrees plus the voltage vector angle of the alternating current power grid if the judgment result of the integrator value judging unit of the PI controller is yes; if the judgment result of the integrator value judgment unit of the PI controller is negative, resetting the value of the independent integrator to 90 degrees minus the voltage vector angle of the alternating current power grid; the integrator value resetting unit of the PI controller is used for resetting the value of the integrator of the PI controller to zero.
In a preferred embodiment, the state variable value resetting unit further includes: an integrator value determination unit of the PI controller, a q-axis voltage component determination unit, and an integrator value reset unit of the PI controller. The device comprises a PI controller, an integrator value judgment unit and a control unit, wherein the integrator value judgment unit of the PI controller is used for judging whether the value of an integrator of the PI controller is greater than zero or not; the q-axis voltage component judging unit is used for judging whether the q-axis voltage component of the grid-connected point voltage subjected to rotation transformation is less than zero or not if the judgment result of the integrator value judging unit of the PI controller is yes; if the judgment result of the integrator value judgment unit of the PI controller is negative, judging whether the q-axis voltage component of the grid-connected point voltage after rotation transformation is larger than zero; the integrator value resetting unit of the PI controller is used for resetting the value of the integrator of the PI controller to zero if the judgment result of the q-axis voltage component judging unit is yes; if the judgment result of the q-axis voltage component judgment unit is negative, staying at the q-axis voltage component judgment unit for waiting until the judgment result of the q-axis voltage component judgment unit is positive, and resetting the value of the integrator of the PI controller to zero.
The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, and not to limit the invention. Any modifications and variations within the scope of the description, which may occur to those skilled in the art, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. A transient instability stabilization control method of a converter based on state resetting is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s11: when transient instability of the converter occurs, the value of at least one state variable of a control loop related to the transient instability of the converter is reset, and the reset state variable is in a stable domain of a dynamic system of the control loop.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the control loop comprises: a phase-locked loop; further, the air conditioner is provided with a fan,
the phase-locked loop includes: rotation transformation, PI controller, independent integrator and frequency compensation.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the state variables comprise: the value of the integrator of the PI controller; and/or, the value of the independent integrator.
4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the step S11 further comprises:
s41: judging whether the value of an integrator of the PI controller is larger than zero or not;
s42: if the judgment result of the S41 is yes, resetting the value of the independent integrator to be the voltage vector angle of the alternating current power grid plus 90 degrees; if the judgment result of the S41 is negative, resetting the value of the independent integrator to be 90 degrees minus the voltage vector angle of the alternating current power grid;
s43: resetting a value of an integrator of the PI controller to zero.
5. The method according to claim 3, wherein the step S11 further comprises:
s51: judging whether the value of an integrator of the PI controller is larger than zero or not;
s52: if the judgment result of the step S51 is yes, judging whether the q-axis voltage component of the grid-connected point voltage after the rotation transformation is less than zero; if the judgment result of the S51 is negative, judging whether the q-axis voltage component of the grid-connected point voltage after the rotation transformation is larger than zero;
s53: if the judgment result of the S52 is yes, resetting the value of an integrator of the PI controller to zero; if the judgment result of the S52 is negative, staying at the S52 to wait until the value of the integrator of the PI controller is reset to zero when the judgment result of the S52 is positive.
6. A converter transient destabilization stabilization control apparatus based on state reset, comprising: the state variable value resetting unit is used for resetting the value of at least one state variable of a control loop related to transient instability of the converter when the transient instability of the converter occurs, so that the reset state variable is in a stable domain of a dynamic system of the control loop.
7. The converter transient destabilization control apparatus based on state reset of claim 6, wherein said control loop comprises: a phase-locked loop; further, the air conditioner is provided with a fan,
the phase-locked loop includes: rotation transformation, PI controller, independent integrator and frequency compensation.
8. The state-reset based converter transient destabilization control apparatus according to claim 7, wherein said state variables comprise: the value of the integrator of the PI controller; and/or, the value of the independent integrator.
9. The state-reset based converter transient destabilization control apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the state variable value resetting unit further comprises: the device comprises an integrator value judging unit of the PI controller, an independent integrator value resetting unit and an integrator value resetting unit of the PI controller; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the integrator value judging unit of the PI controller is used for judging whether the value of the integrator of the PI controller is larger than zero or not;
the independent integrator value resetting unit is used for resetting the value of the independent integrator to 90 degrees plus the voltage vector angle of the alternating current power grid if the judgment result of the integrator value judging unit of the PI controller is positive; if the judgment result of the integrator value judgment unit of the PI controller is negative, resetting the value of the independent integrator to be 90 degrees minus the voltage vector angle of the alternating current power grid;
the integrator value resetting unit of the PI controller is used for resetting the value of the integrator of the PI controller to zero.
10. The state-reset based converter transient destabilization control apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the state variable value resetting unit further comprises: an integrator value judgment unit of the PI controller, a q-axis voltage component judgment unit and an integrator value resetting unit of the PI controller; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the integrator value judging unit of the PI controller is used for judging whether the value of the integrator of the PI controller is larger than zero or not;
the q-axis voltage component judging unit is used for judging whether the q-axis voltage component of the grid-connected point voltage subjected to the rotation transformation is less than zero or not if the judgment result of the integrator value judging unit of the PI controller is yes; if the judgment result of the integrator value judgment unit of the PI controller is negative, judging whether the q-axis voltage component of the grid-connected point voltage subjected to the rotation transformation is larger than zero or not
The integrator value resetting unit of the PI controller is used for resetting the value of the integrator of the PI controller to zero if the judgment result of the q-axis voltage component judging unit is yes; if the judgment result of the q-axis voltage component judgment unit is negative, staying at the q-axis voltage component judgment unit for waiting until the judgment result of the q-axis voltage component judgment unit is positive, and resetting the value of the integrator of the PI controller to zero.
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