CN111127588A - DirectX-based large data volume parameter curve playback method - Google Patents
DirectX-based large data volume parameter curve playback method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a large data volume parameter curve playback method based on DirectX, which comprises the following steps: s1, firstly, inputting data acquired by an acquisition device into a computer, and drawing a parameter curve through DirectX; s2, setting a projection mode to be orthogonal projection, setting an x coordinate as time and a y coordinate as a parameter value, and setting a drawing primitive as a line segment strip; s3, converting the local coordinate system into a world coordinate system with a variable display area through compression matrix calculation and translation matrix calculation, and S4, finally, displaying a plurality of parameter curves on the same panel to realize parameter curve playback. The invention realizes parameter data curve playback by using DirectX through tests, has smooth operation flow and curve display, and can meet the requirement of data analysis.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a collected data analysis processing method, belongs to the technical field of data collection and testing, and particularly relates to a large data volume parameter curve playback method based on DirectX.
Background
The data curve playback display is visual, and the method is the most common method for analyzing the collected data. Due to the improvement of the performance of the collector, the data volume of the parameter record is larger and larger. Taking the acquisition frequency of 50Hz as an example, the number of data acquired in 2 hours reaches 7200. The acquisition frequency of the high-performance acquisition unit can even reach MHz or GHz, and the corresponding data acquisition amount can also reach millions or more per second.
Such huge data volume may cause program jamming and even program crash by using common rendering software such as Matlab (matrix operation) or GDI (graphics device interface). DirectX (multimedia programming interface) adopts GPU (display chip) hardware bottom layer to complete image rendering, does not occupy CPU data, and has high drawing efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a large data volume parameter curve playback method based on DirectX, which is used for solving the problem of low processing efficiency of the conventional large data volume curve drawing.
In order to realize the purpose of the invention, the following technical scheme is adopted:
the large data volume parameter curve playback method based on DirectX comprises the following steps:
s1, firstly, inputting data acquired by an acquisition device into a computer, and drawing a parameter curve through DirectX;
s2, setting a projection mode to be orthogonal projection, setting an x coordinate as time and a y coordinate as a parameter value, and setting a drawing primitive as a line segment strip;
s3, transforming the local coordinate system to a world coordinate system with a variable display area through compression matrix calculation and translation matrix calculation;
and S4, finally, enabling a plurality of parameter curves to be on the same panel to realize parameter curve playback display.
In order to further improve the effect of the invention, the following technical scheme can be adopted:
in the method for playing back a large data volume parameter curve based on DirectX as described above, in step S3, the compression matrix calculation includes the following steps:
(1) the compression factor sx on the x-axis is calculated as:
wherein x ismin～xmaxIs the value range x 'of parameter acquisition time x in the local coordinate system'min～x’maxThe value range of the parameter acquisition time x after the parameter acquisition time x is transformed into a world coordinate system is as follows;
(2) the compression factor sy on the y-axis is calculated as:
wherein, ymin～ymaxIs the value range y 'of parameter acquisition time x in the local coordinate system'min～y’maxThe value range of the parameter acquisition time x after the parameter acquisition time x is transformed into a world coordinate system is as follows;
(3) and setting the compression factor sz on the z axis as 1, and simultaneously inputting the compression factor sx on the x axis and the compression factor sy on the y axis into DirectX to obtain the calculation of the compression matrix.
In the method for playing back a large data volume parameter curve based on DirectX as described above, in step S3, the calculation of the translation matrix includes the following steps:
① obtaining x-axis translation calculation:
let the user-selected starting time be xminThe termination time is xmaxThe curve display area x-axis range is x'min～x’max) The x-axis translation Δ x can be calculated by the following formula,
② obtaining y-axis translation amount calculation:
let y 'be a y-axis coordinate display range after the y-axis position is adjusted by a certain curve'min～y’maxCorresponding to a range of true values of the parameter ymin～ymaxY axis is flatThe amount of shift deltay can be calculated from the following equation,
③, setting the z-axis translation amount Deltaz as 0, and simultaneously inputting the x-axis translation amount and the y-axis translation amount into DirectX to obtain the calculation of a translation matrix.
As described above with the DirectX-based large data volume parametric curve playback method, in step S3, the sequence of the steps before and after the compression matrix calculation and the translation matrix calculation may be adjusted.
In the method for replaying the large data volume parameter curve based on DirectX, the parameter curve points are connected into a line to draw a curve in DirectX, and the method for generating the coordinate values of the parameter curve points includes: the x coordinate is the time when a fixed value of the acquired parameter occurs, the y coordinate is the acquired parameter value, and the z coordinate is in znear～zfarTaking any value; and then the parameter curve is switched into a world coordinate system through world transformation to be displayed.
According to the large data volume parameter curve playback method based on DirectX, when the acquisition frequencies of the parameters are different, the acquisition start time is aligned, and the acquisition frequency of the parameters is set as f0The initial time of the collector is t0The x-coordinate value of the nth point of the parameter can be obtained by the following formula:
x(n)＝t0+n/f0(5)。
the invention has the beneficial effects that:
DirectX uses GPU hardware bottom layer rendering, and does not occupy CPU data. The DirectX is adopted to carry out curve playback on parameter huge collected data through correct projection setting, coordinate scaling/translation transformation and rendering primitive setting. The invention realizes parameter data curve playback by using DirectX through tests, has smooth operation flow and curve display, and can meet the requirement of data analysis.
And developing software according to the DirectX operation and software design requirements, wherein the acquisition frequency of each parameter is 50Hz, and the acquisition time is 2 hours. According to the operation result, accurate playback of the acquired data curve can be realized by adopting DirectX coordinate transformation rendering, when multiple curves of multiple parameters are played back, the program is smooth, the display is smooth, and the rendering effect is far better than the GDI effect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of DirectX coordinate transformation and illumination rendering according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the orthographic projection effect of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a transformation of a parameter curve from a local coordinate system to a world coordinate system in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating the playback result of the parameter curve in the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to fig. 4, the method for playing back a large data volume parameter curve based on DirectX disclosed in this embodiment includes the following steps:
s1, firstly, inputting data acquired by an acquisition device into a computer, and drawing a parameter curve through DirectX;
s2, setting a projection mode to be orthogonal projection, setting an x coordinate as time and a y coordinate as a parameter value, and setting a drawing primitive as a line segment strip;
s3, transforming the local coordinate system to a world coordinate system with a variable display area through compression matrix calculation and translation matrix calculation;
and S4, finally, enabling a plurality of parameter curves to be on the same panel to realize parameter curve playback display.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the rendering in DirectX is composed of two stages, and both the two stage processes are implemented on the GPU, and do not occupy CPU resources. The first stage is the coordinate transformation and illumination stage, where the vertex coordinates of each object are transformed from free space to pixel-based screen space, the illumination process is commonly referred to as the vertex transformation pipeline in DirectX. In this process the original vertex comes in from the front end, several operations are done internally, and then the transformed and illuminated vertex comes out from the other end. DirectX establishes an illumination pipeline by setting a group of coordinate transformation matrixes, view ports and light rays; the second stage is a rasterization processing stage, the DirectX takes the object vertex subjected to illumination processing as a primitive based on points, lines and planes, applies texture maps and the color attributes of the object vertex, determines the final color value of each pixel according to the related rendering state setting, and displays the final color value on a screen. In the process of drawing the collected data parameter curve, the graphic primitive only relates to a line and does not need to consider textures and illumination effects.
In order to simplify the rendering operation, the DirectX lighting process includes a plurality of coordinate systems and coordinate transformation between coordinate systems, including a world coordinate system, a viewing coordinate system, a projection coordinate system, and a screen coordinate system. The transformation between coordinates is quickly completed by the GPU through the corresponding transformation matrix, and CPU resources are not occupied. The coordinate transformation and the coordinate system in the illumination process mainly comprise the following steps:
(1) world transformation, local coordinate system, and world coordinate system. The local coordinate system refers to local coordinates used by the object or object to describe the location of each vertex, and is also referred to as the local coordinate system. Different objects can be unified into the same three-dimensional coordinate system through translation, rotation and compression changes of a three-dimensional space, the process of translation, rotation and compression is called world transformation, and the corresponding three-dimensional coordinate system is called a world coordinate system.
(2) View transformation and viewing coordinate system. The principle of graphical display of a three-dimensional space in a two-dimensional space (i.e. a computer screen) is similar to the framing process of a video camera. And taking the position of the camera as a reference point and the observation direction as a coordinate axis, and establishing a coordinate system as an observation coordinate system. The relative coordinates of the object in the observation coordinate system are referred to as observation coordinates, and the conversion of the vertex from world coordinates to the observation coordinates is referred to as framing transformation.
(3) Projective transformation and a projective coordinate system. After the object is converted from the world coordinate system to the viewing coordinate system, the three-dimensional object can be projected onto a two-dimensional surface, equivalent to a film projected onto a virtual camera, a process known as projective transformation. The spatial coordinate system with the center of the film as a reference point is called a projection coordinate system, and the coordinates of the object in the projection coordinate system are called projection coordinates.
(4) Visual area transformation and screen coordinate system. The object is represented as floating point coordinates in a projected coordinate system, and by defining a screen display area (generally the size of a display window), the process of converting the floating point coordinates into pixel coordinates, which are referred to as screen coordinates, is called view area transformation.
As shown in fig. 2, the parametric curves are plotted using DirectX, which is essentially a two-dimensional plot, and this can be achieved by orthographically projecting a three-dimensional space object into a two-dimensional space, which requires that the projection transform be set to orthographic projection. It should be noted that the orthogonal projection has a field of view (z) on the z-axisnear～zfar) The object z-coordinate can only be projected into the two-dimensional space within this range. Therefore, when the z coordinate of the point on the curve is set, the value cannot exceed the range, otherwise the curve cannot be displayed. In addition, since the curve drawing does not involve the illumination effect, the illumination effect should be turned off in order to improve the rendering efficiency.
Drawing a curve in DirectX may be implemented by connecting numerical points into a line, and the connection may be implemented by setting drawing primitives into line segment strips (D3DPT _ LINESTRIP). The coordinate value taking method for generating the parameter curve points comprises the following steps: the x coordinate is time, namely the moment when a certain fixed value of the acquisition parameter occurs; the y coordinate is an acquired parameter value; the z coordinate may be in (z)near～zfar) Any value is taken. The coordinate system of the point of the parameter curve at this time is a local coordinate system, the parameter curve can be correctly displayed in a certain area of the interface, and the parameter curve needs to be switched into a world coordinate system through world transformation. Because the acquisition frequencies of different parameters are not consistent, if the parameter data come from different acquirers, the starting time is different. Setting the collection frequency of the parameter as f0The initial time of the collector is t0. The x-coordinate value for the nth point of the parameter can be obtained by the following equation.
x(n)＝t0+n/f0(1)
In a local coordinate system, the x-axis is time, the y-coordinate is an acquisition numerical value corresponding to a certain acquisition parameter at the x-time, and the display mode is also required by data analysts. In the DirectX display coordinate system, the display range of the x-axis is (-1, 1), and the display range of the y-axis is also (-1, 1), so that the curve needs to be transformed from the local coordinate system to the world coordinate system by the world transformation. Because information such as coordinate scales and parameter names also needs to be displayed, and a plurality of curves need to be displayed on the same panel, the display range of the parameter curves does not generally cover the whole display panel, and therefore, the local coordinate system is converted into the world coordinate system.
As shown in fig. 3, the transformation from the local coordinate system to the world coordinate system can be achieved by coordinate compression and coordinate translation. A coordinate compression transformation matrix and a coordinate translation transformation matrix can be respectively established in DirectX, and then the two are multiplied to obtain a new matrix. And setting the new matrix as a world matrix, and drawing the line segment strip (D3DPT _ LINESTRIP) primitives by using DirectX to obtain a correctly displayed parameter curve. In the actual operation process, the compression transformation matrix may be calculated first and then the translation transformation matrix may be calculated, or the translation transformation matrix may be calculated first and then the compression transformation matrix may be calculated, but it should be noted that matrix values obtained in different sequences may be different. This document uses the order in which the compression matrices are first computed.
The computing functions D3DXMATRIX WINAPID3DXMatrixScaling (D3DXMATRIX pOut, FLOAT sx, FLOAT sy, FLOAT sz) of the compression matrix are provided in the matrix operation library of DirectX. Wherein sx, sy and sz are compression factors on an x-axis, a y-axis and a z-axis respectively, and D3DXMATRIX pOut is a compression factor on an x-axis, a y-axis and a z-axis of a required compression matrix. It can be obtained by only calculating the compression factors sx, sy and sz and calling the D3DXMatrixScaling () function. Since orthogonal projection is used, the compression factor in the z-axis is not considered, and is generally set to sz equal to 1.0, so that only the compression factors sx and sy in the x-axis and the y-axis need to be calculated.
Taking the parameter data in fig. 3 as an example, the value range of x (i.e. the parameter acquisition time) in the local coordinate system is (x)min～xmax) Transformation to the world coordinate systemThe value range of the post x is (x'min～x’max) Then the x-axis compression factor sx may be obtained from the following equation.
Similarly, the value range of y (i.e. the parameter value) in the local coordinate system is (y)min～ymax) And the value range of y after being converted to the world coordinate system is (y'min～y’max) Then the y-axis compression factor sy can be obtained by the following equation.
The compression transformation determines the parameter display scale, and the determination of the parameter display position needs translation transformation to realize. DirectX also provides the computation function D3DXMATRIX WINAPID3DXMatrixTranslation (D3DXMATRIX pOut, FLOAT Δ x, FLOAT Δ y, FLOAT Δ z) of the compression matrix in the matrix operation library. Wherein, Δ x, Δ y and Δ z are translation amounts of an x-axis, a y-axis and a z-axis, respectively. Since orthogonal projection is used, the amount of z-axis translation is negligible, and generally Δ z is set to 0.0, and only x and Δ y of x and y axes translation need to be calculated. The calculation of the translation factor is complex, the x-axis translation can cause the time misalignment of different parameters in the same panel, and the y-axis translation error can cause the parameter value display error. The calculation methods of the x-axis and y-axis translation amounts are studied, respectively, below.
To calculate the x-axis translation Δ x, the start and end times of the display curve are first known. The data analyst may zoom in and out on the time scale of the parameter curve in order to view details while analyzing the data, i.e., the start and end times of the x data vary as selected by the user. Let the user-selected starting time be xminThe termination time is xmaxThe curve shows that the area x-axis range is (x'min～x’max). The x-axis translation Δ x can be calculated by the following equation.
The y-axis translation Δ y is calculated in a manner similar to the Δ x calculation time. It should be noted that a data analyst may display multiple parameter curves on the same panel for comparison of different parameter values, and may adjust the longitudinal position of the curves (i.e., the position displayed on the y-axis) for comparison of the analysts. The y-axis coordinate display range after the y-axis position is adjusted by a certain curve is (y'min～y’max) The corresponding parameter has a true value range of (y)min～ymax). The translation amount Δ y can be calculated by the following equation.
The acquisition frequency for each parameter was 50Hz and the acquisition time was 2 hours according to the aforementioned DirectX procedure and process, and the results of the runs are shown in fig. 4. According to the operation result, accurate playback of the acquired data curve can be realized by adopting DirectX coordinate transformation rendering, when multiple curves of multiple parameters are played back, the program is smooth, the display is smooth, and the rendering effect is far better than the GDI effect.
The technical contents not described in detail in the present invention are all known techniques.
Claims (6)
1. The large data volume parameter curve playback method based on DirectX is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, firstly, inputting data acquired by an acquisition device into a computer, and drawing a parameter curve through DirectX;
s2, setting a projection mode to be orthogonal projection, setting an x coordinate as time and a y coordinate as a parameter value, and setting a drawing primitive as a line segment strip;
s3, transforming the local coordinate system to a world coordinate system with a variable display area through compression matrix calculation and translation matrix calculation;
and S4, finally, enabling a plurality of parameter curves to be on the same panel to realize parameter curve playback display.
2. The DirectX-based large data volume parametric curve playback method according to claim 1, wherein in step S3, the compression matrix calculation comprises the steps of:
(1) the compression factor sx on the x-axis is calculated as:
wherein x ismin～xmaxIs the value range x 'of parameter acquisition time x in the local coordinate system'min～x’maxThe value range of the parameter acquisition time x after the parameter acquisition time x is transformed into a world coordinate system is as follows;
(2) the compression factor sy on the y-axis is calculated as:
wherein, ymin～ymaxIs the value range y 'of parameter acquisition time x in the local coordinate system'min～y’maxThe value range of the parameter acquisition time x after the parameter acquisition time x is transformed into a world coordinate system is as follows;
(3) and setting the compression factor sz on the z axis as 1, and simultaneously inputting the compression factor sx on the x axis and the compression factor sy on the y axis into DirectX to obtain the calculation of the compression matrix.
3. The DirectX-based large data volume parametric curve playback method according to claim 1, wherein in step S3, the translation matrix calculation comprises the steps of:
① obtaining x-axis translation calculation:
let the user-selected starting time be xminThe termination time is xmaxThe curve display area x-axis range is x'min～x’max) The x-axis translation Δ x can be calculated by the following formula,
② obtaining y-axis translation amount calculation:
let y 'be a y-axis coordinate display range after the y-axis position is adjusted by a certain curve'min～y’maxCorresponding to a range of true values of the parameter ymin～ymaxThe y-axis translation Δ y can be calculated by the following formula,
③, setting the z-axis translation amount Deltaz as 0, and simultaneously inputting the x-axis translation amount and the y-axis translation amount into DirectX to obtain the calculation of a translation matrix.
4. The DirectX-based large data volume parametric curve playback method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the sequence of the steps before and after the compression matrix calculation and the translation matrix calculation is adjustable in step S3.
5. The DirectX-based large data volume parameter curve playback method according to claim 1, wherein the drawing of the curve in DirectX is realized by connecting parameter curve points into a line, and the coordinate value-taking method for generating the parameter curve points is as follows: the x coordinate is the time when a fixed value of the acquired parameter occurs, the y coordinate is the acquired parameter value, and the z coordinate is in znear～zfarTaking any value; and then the parameter curve is switched into a world coordinate system through world transformation to be displayed.
6. The DirectX-based large data volume parametric curve playback method as defined in claim 5, wherein the acquisition start times are aligned when the acquisition frequencies of the parameters are different, and the acquisition frequency of the parameters is set as f0The initial time of the collector is t0The x-coordinate value of the nth point of the parameter can be obtained by the following formula:
x(n)＝t0+n/f0(5)。
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