CN103544731B - A kind of quick reflex method for drafting based on polyphaser - Google Patents
A kind of quick reflex method for drafting based on polyphaser Download PDFInfo
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- CN103544731B CN103544731B CN201310462932.3A CN201310462932A CN103544731B CN 103544731 B CN103544731 B CN 103544731B CN 201310462932 A CN201310462932 A CN 201310462932A CN 103544731 B CN103544731 B CN 103544731B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of quick reflex method for drafting based on polyphaser, the method comprises the following steps: under current view point, scene is directly drawn, obtain multiple rendering result, rendering result pixel is pressed normal cluster, and the most each cluster generates traditional camera model, and draws whole scene according to the camera model generated, the last image according to drafting is acted on behalf of pinup picture and is carried out degree of depth cap, and mixing generates reflecting effect.This method, by computing capability powerful for GPU, greatly improves rendering speed and efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Real-time Rendering Technology field, be specifically related to the calculating of a kind of polyphaser based on image space and light and seek friendship method with image agency.
Background technology
Being reflected in computer graphics and have important effect, it not only can embody the aesthetic characteristic of object, and can also reflect the geometrical relationship of object realistically, makes scene rendering effect more life-like convincing.These years, real-time reflecting effect is drawn multiple research direction, but goes back the solution that neither one is complete.These directions include:
1) Image based rendering technology
This Part Methods uses scene precomputation or adopts the color data obtained in advance to calculate lighting effect.The image drawing method of this classics includes the light field method of Hanrahan, the lumigraph method of S.J.Gortler etc. and the view dependent light field method .Lumigraph method of P.E.Debevec use texture to store light mapping, rather than the method for color samples, dynamic scene reflection object and the real-time update by reflection object can be supported.Y.Taguchi proposes a kind of light field parametric method from outside to inside, can build camera around by reflection object.The environment light field chart pasting method of L.McMillan is from another direction parametrization light field from inside to outside.Generally speaking, due to the characteristic of reflection, even the least variation all can cause the biggest data volume to change, Image based rendering technology is unsuitable for the drafting of reflection.And, in dynamic scene, the change of object can make the calculating of light field the most time-consuming.
2) ray trace method for drafting
The drafting of the born supporting reflex of ray trace, but there is the biggest efficiency.Carrying out to violence every reflection light asks friendship to be the most bothersome operation with scene intermediate cam shape.In order to accelerate to ask the process of friendship, research worker proposes substantial amounts of accelerating structure, the LOD structure proposed including SE.Yoon, the BVH tree structure that the Kd-trees, N.A.Carr that T.Foley proposes proposes.These accelerating structures can accelerate the cap of GPU.But, ray trace seldom carries out light multiplexing, and in its dynamic scene, accelerating structure needs the feature recalculated to make it there is restriction in paint reflection.
Modern GPU maintains powerful positive feedback and draws characteristic, and based on this characteristic, research worker is attempted extending this characteristic and drawn reflecting effect.Wherein there are two kinds of different developing direction: positive feedback processes and processed reflection triangle method for drafting by reflection triangle method for drafting and positive feedback.
3) positive feedback mode processes by reflection triangle method for drafting
Process and to be processed two problems by reflection triangle method for drafting: 1 to by the correct projection of reflection triangle.2 pairs are reflected the non-linear rasterizing of triangle.Second Problem can be solved by the continuous linear subdivision of triangle.But first problem, for a reflector being made up of triangle, its projection equation does not has mathematics to close solution.
Research worker uses multiple method to be used for solving the correct On The Projection on summit: the space in view of reflection object divides, and pole can project according to the method for the space lattice index look-up table thought of E.Ofek et al..It addition, V.Popescu reflection light aggregation spatially simulates one group of traditional camera, this kind of epiphyllous special data structure being stored in BSP number when being called " camera based on sampling ".The third method P.Estalella uses the local search of GPU to look for the projection of pole.But, due to the characteristic of multiplicity of projection, these methods are the highest to reflection physical quantities and complexity dilatancy.
4) positive feedback mode processes reflection triangle method for drafting
The mode that another kind of positive feedback processes is by reflection triangle projected light gated.But, looking for intersection point on the image of rasterisation is also part degree of difficulty thing.Nowadays, scientific research personnel propose several simulation by the method reflecting scene avoid reality complicated light intersection process.The ambient light chart pasting method of J.Kautz and P.Green et al. is assumed by the distance endless between reflection object and reverberation.Under this assumption, reflection light directly goes to index ambient light pinup picture color and do not consider actual geometric position.Ambient light pinup picture can carry out anti-aliasing by the form that Mip maps, and has good autgmentability to scene complexity.Having benefited from these convenience and robustness just, ambient light pinup picture is well suited for rendering means with what efficiency was attached most importance to.But, when reflect object and by reflection object close when, ambient light pinup picture is not enough to produce compellent rendering effect.
Ambient light pinup picture has spread over the single blade of simulation and the mutliblade BRDF smooth reflector model of J.Kautz and P.Green.Meanwhile, the Environment method being furnished with depth information of L.Szirmay-kalos is also for improving the quality of reflection.But, this Environment is because the information of visible location can only be got, and reflection renders when, the scene on Environment would not correctly not rendered.
In order to reduce this defect caused because of undersampling, reflection scene can be divided into object, then to advertising page, or V.Popescu propose traditional depth image and the non-traditional camera model mode of P.Rosen later each object is simulated.The reflection rendering effect that so can obtain, but scene is carried out segmentation and can make algorithm that scene complexity autgmentability is reduced.
To the method also being included accelerating ray trace by the simulation of reflection object.Simulation also includes generating the several picture method that the mip of geometric field and the X.Yu that can index reflection light color et al. maps.These analogy methods all can not calculate the dynamic scene that therefore can not process deformable object in real time.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is: the method providing a kind of polyphaser method drafting accurate reflection effect, and utilizes the computing capability of GPU hardware, improves drafting efficiency.The method mainly utilizes screen geometry buffering to generate polyphaser model, and according to degree of depth intersection algorithm, calculates correspondence reflection light and the focus of degree of depth pinup picture, indexed color with degree of depth pinup picture, drawing reflecting effect, make full use of the characteristic of GPU, the accurate reflection reaching Real-time and Dynamic scene is drawn.
The present invention solves the technical scheme of above-mentioned technical problem: a kind of paint reflection method based on polyphaser, comprises the steps:
1) record screen space Pixel Information
Step (1), render from current view point, the color value of pixel, normal value, depth value, object identification and reflection rank on geometry cache (Geometry Buffers) upper record screen space.This process makes full use of the many post-processing object object structure on modern GPU, records visual space information, it is achieved scene geometric information separates with screen space in the case of once rendering.
Step (2), according to the normal information of the screen space reflective pixel of geometry cache record in step (1), utilize the aggregation reflecting light in screen space pixel, the reflective pixel of screen space clustered.Cluster uses the mode dividing cylinder to carry out, and cluster mark is according to three parameter determinations, and the first two parameter is respectively the spherical coordinate system parameter of normal conversion, the 3rd mark number being to reflect object.
2) reflective pixel cluster is generated camera model
Step (3), the division once clustered determine, it is necessary to set about the geometric scene setting up traditional camera model on the basis of clustering to simulate this cluster reflection.First according to mean place information and the average normal of this cluster pixel, the fit Plane of cluster is calculated.
Step (4), to cluster fit Plane as axis of symmetry, do the specular point of current view point as cluster camera initial position.According to this initial position, reflection light starting point and ending point in cluster pixel being carried out perspective projection, perspective plane is cluster fit Plane.Do subpoint initial point and terminating point AABB bounding box the most respectively, and reset the shift ratio of the position relative initial position of camera according to the diagonal size of two bounding boxs.
Step (5), reset camera according to the camera shift ratio obtained in step (4), recalculate and cluster pixel reflects light starting point and reflection light terminating point projection bounding box in fit Plane.And the drawing resolution of this camera is set according to the subpoint difference of adjacent two pixels.
3) reflecting effect is drawn
Step (6), respectively each camera draw scene.According to the fit Plane of cluster as the nearly cutting face of camera when drafting, the size of the image bounding box of projection is as regarding frame size, and the size of bounding box draws whole scene as drawing resolution.Image texture after drawing acts on behalf of analogue model as the image of whole scene.
Step (7), will cluster in pixel geometry point image agency on projection as search starting point, pixel is to reflect the projection on image agency of the geometric point after radiation direction extends scene length distance as search terminal, the location point that search depth intersects on image texture, by this point texture value indexed color information as the reflection colour of current pixel, it is used for doing reflection hybrid rending.
In a word, compared with method before, the present invention can the most accurately draw reflecting effect, and supports full deformable object and dynamic scene.The present invention mainly has 2 contributions: first, gives a kind of image and acts on behalf of the method drawing reflecting effect, and the method realizes completely on GPU, it is not necessary to pretreatment, has quick and accurate advantage.Second, give a kind of new polyphaser rendering model, can well react and cluster the effect that glazed thread is assembled so that camera draws geometry delegation depth pinup picture accurately with effective.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is algorithm overall flow figure；
The cluster schematic diagram of Fig. 2 difference scene, (a) bedroom dendrogram (b) vase dendrogram, (c) washroom dendrogram；
Fig. 3 is cluster fit Plane schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 is skew camera view position view；
Fig. 5 is error schematic diagram, 5(a) 1 times of Error Graph；5(b) 15 times of Error Graph；
Fig. 6 is living room reflecting effect figure；
Fig. 7 is washroom reflecting effect figure；
Fig. 8 is vase reflecting effect figure；
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and the detailed description of the invention of the present invention further illustrates the present invention.
This method comprises the following steps for the reflection rendering effect drafting of polyphaser:
Step (1) given scenario S, from current view point V render scenes S, pixel p record each to screen space
A. diffuse-reflectance color value p.rgbd；
B. direct reflection p.s and smooth reflector hybrid parameter p.g；
C. normal line vector p.n and position vector p.p；
D. reverberation mark p.rid；
On screen space geometry cache (Geometry Buffers), many post-processing object object technology of the modern GPU video card of application, numerous record information of this step have only to once render and just can obtain.Wherein specular reflectance values p.s is to represent preferable unrestrained launching objects when 0, is to represent that ideal mirror reflects when 1.Same p.g is 0 expression ideal mirror reflection, is the 1 smooth reflector model indicating maximum BRDF blade subtended angle.
Step (2), carry out screen space reflective pixel cluster according to the geometry cache in step (1) according to the normal line vector p.n of object.The light bunch direction reflecting light on screen space is mainly determined by the normal line vector p.n of screen space, so cluster mark is according to three parameter determinations, the first two parameter is respectively the spherical coordinate system parameter of normal conversion, the 3rd mark number being to reflect object.Concrete solution procedure is as follows:
A. to each reflection object R, statistical screens space number of pixels aR；
B. all visible reflectance in statistical screens space number of objects nv；
C. the normal p.n of screen space reflective pixel p is converted to spherical coordinate system coordinate (p.n. θ,), and assignment cluster number (i, j, k) give p；
i.i=MAXTHETABINS*p.n.θ/360°*aR/nv
ii.j=MAXPHIBINS*/180°*aR/nv
iii.k=p.rid
Wherein MAXTHETABINS and MAXPHIBINS is respectively the maximum clustering mark the first two parameter of definition.
Clustering Effect figure such as Fig. 2, in Fig. 2, the Regional Representative of same chrominance color is same cluster.
Reflection light in step (3) same cluster is the one group of light bunch being more or less the same, and this group light bunch can be modeled by we with traditional camera model.The nearly cutting face of camera is determined by fit Plane.The fit Plane of cluster is determined by geometric center of gravity Pc clustered and average normal nc.The geometric center of gravity of cluster is to cluster the center of all pixels, and average normal is the meansigma methods of cluster pixel normal.What Fig. 3 illustrated on two dimensional surface fit Plane sets up process.Viewpoint e, reflection object is at P1And PNCluster be respectively n at the normal of boundary point1And nN, reflect light r1And rN.Remote cutting face is the parallel plane apart from nearly cutting face certain distance D.Fit Plane (Pc, nc) can be represented by formula (1) (2), and N is cluster number of pixels.The initial viewpoint position of camera is the current view point mirror projection position according to fit Plane.
Step (4), arrange cluster camera skew viewpoint ec.We arrange ec in two steps.First current view point is carried out mirror projection (Fig. 3) according to fit Plane and arrive e0.Project in fit Plane, obtain axial bounding box aabbn by the proximal points of cluster pixel reflection light, equally the remote point projection of cluster pixel reflection light is obtained bounding box aabbf, then carried out skew by e0 to Pc and obtain ec.The displacement factor f that the side-play amount of ec is determined by the catercorner length proportionate relationship according to aabbf and aabbn.The definition of formula (3) description scale factor f:
Here dn is the cornerwise length of aabbn, and df is the cornerwise length of aabbf, and dF is that pixel reflects light remote point projected length on yonder clipping plane.
Fig. 4 illustrates the process of skew, puts Q1 ', P1 ', Pc ', PN ', QN ' represent the corresponding point fit Plane projection in cluster.Length correspondence df of Q1 ' QN ', P1 ' PN ' represents dn, Q1Q2 represents dF, obviously df>dn, dF>df, dF>dn, according to formula (3) 0<f<1, skew ec is moved to pc from e0, so reduce aabbf and aabbn proportionate relationship, ec point foundation camera model than e0 point be more suitable for performance light reflection case.See direction ratio e0Q1 of Fig. 4, ecP1 ' ' closer to reflecting light r1.
Step (5) sets the model parameter of camera.What comes into a driver's body is by again initial point and the terminating point of cluster pixel reflection light being determined to the bounding box size of cluster fit Plane projection, and projection centre is skew backsight point ec.The viewpoint of cluster camera is also located at ec, and ec constitutes camera what comes into a driver's body with the summit line of axial symmetry bounding box on projection plane, and ec and cluster centre Pc line are camera direction of visual lines.All reflection light range during so the what comes into a driver's physical ability of video camera includes cluster.
The resolution of image is to determine at longitudinal or two the most adjacent pixels according in cluster.Particularly as follows: two adjacent pixels project according to cluster camera skew backsight point ec, the average distance after projection is used for determining size p.size of pixel.The resolution of image can be represented w=aabb.w/p.size, h=aabb.h/p.size by w*h.
Step (6) uses the cluster camera model that step (5) obtains, and sets up camera using fit Plane as camera cutting face, draws geometric scene S, obtains depth image.Depth image is the strong agency of scene geometry: once intersects and is determined, and modern GPU can draw scene rapidly, and can customize frame buffer information and record color and the depth information of each pixel.Depth image capturing scenes information effectively on enough details yardsticks.And depth image naturally occurs in GPU as texture resource, parallel processing light and depth image is facilitated to ask friendship operation.
Step (7) uses the depth image that step (6) obtains, and the present invention carries out asking friendship according to the reflection light under world space.Given light r and degree of depth figure DI, projects to obtain projection ray r ' on DI according to cluster camera by light r.Then r ' searches reflection light terminal pixel-by-pixel from projection reflection ray origin.Definition a and b is previous and current search point respectively.If line segment [(0, zra), (1, zrb)] and line segment [(0, DI [a]), (1, DI [b])] intersect, search stops.Zra represents the light degree of depth at a point, and DI [a] represents a point depth value on depth image.If the not discovery searching reflection light terminal is intersected, then represent do not have joining.Utilize the texture value index degree of depth pinup picture of joining, obtain reflecting the reflection colour of light.Finally it is mixed into screen space diffuse-reflectance color value p.rgbdOn, obtain rendering result frame.
Wherein, step (3) (4) (5) calculates all with calculating unified calculation framework CUDA(Compute Unified Device Architecture) realize, additionally step (1) (2) (6) (7) realizes also with the programmable shader shader of modern GPU, the present invention fully applies the computing capability powerful with GPU, substantially increases efficiency.
The software platform realizing using of algorithm is Microsoft visual studio2008 and OpenGL herein, employs CUDA to accelerate the computational efficiency of parallel algorithm.Hardware platform is 3.4GHz Inter (R) Core (TM) i7-2600CPU, 4GB internal memory and NVIDIA GeForce GTX580GPU.Scheme as shown in Figure 5 with the efficiency comparative of physical light line following.Method design sketch such as Fig. 6, shown in Fig. 7, Fig. 8.Output screen resolution is 512*512, and scene living room used and vase are 27856 dough sheets, washroom 18246 dough sheet.Table 1 reflects the time of the present invention and ray tracing method and represents specific efficiency.Table 2 reflects present invention time used by each step in paint reflection.
The time efficiency contrast of table 1. present invention and ray trace
The time efficiency contrast of table 2. each step of the present invention
Claims (6)
1. a quick reflex method for drafting based on polyphaser, generally includes following steps:
(1) draw scene from current view point, obtain multiple rendering result, generate the color image in geometry cache；
(2) utilize screen space clustering algorithm that screen space reflective pixel is clustered；
(3) calculate cluster fit Plane, set cluster camera initial viewpoint；
(4) shift ratio of cluster camera view is calculated by the length ratio of reflection ray cast bounding box；
(5) to each cluster, based on skew view camera, reflection light is projected, calculate projection bounding box parameter and resolution parameter；
(6) it is that each camera cluster draws scene, obtains depth image agency；Particularly as follows: according to the fit Plane of cluster as the nearly cutting face of camera when drawing, the size of the image bounding box of projection is as regarding frame size, and the size of bounding box draws whole scene as drawing resolution；Image texture after drawing acts on behalf of analogue model as the image of whole scene；
(7) on depth image agency, carry out reflecting light and ask friendship, indexing corresponding color as reflection colour by the coordinate figure seeking knot fruit dot, the color image in the geometry cache generated with step (1) mix the reflecting effect drafting of whole scene.
Quick reflex method for drafting based on polyphaser the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step (2) including: the clustering method of screen space pixel；Cluster with the normal of screen space reflective pixel in geometry cache and the mark number of object；Cluster mark is according to three parameter determinations, and the first two parameter is the spherical coordinate system parameter of normal line vector conversion: zenith angle φ, azimuth angle theta, the 3rd mark number being to reflect object.
Quick reflex method for drafting based on polyphaser the most according to claim 1, it is characterized in that step (3) including: the determination of cluster fit Plane, the fit Plane of cluster is determined by the geometric center of gravity of all pixels and average normal in cluster, and as the nearly cutting plane of analogue camera.
The quick reflex method for drafting of polyphaser the most according to claim 1, it is characterized in that step (4), including: with camera initial viewpoint projection reflection light starting point and ending point, calculate the skew viewpoint of cluster camera according to the cornerwise ratio of bounding box.
The quick reflex method for drafting of polyphaser the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step (5), including: to each cluster, based on skew view camera projection reflection light, calculate projection bounding box dimensional parameters and resolution information.
The quick reflex method for drafting of polyphaser the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step (7), including: each reflective pixel to screen space, in corresponding cluster camera depth image agency, search for joining, obtain reflection colour；Color image hybrid rending in the geometry cache generated with step (1) obtains reflecting rendering effect.
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| CN104240286A (en) * | 2014-09-03 | 2014-12-24 | 无锡梵天信息技术股份有限公司 | Real-time reflection method based on screen space |
| CN105261059B (en) * | 2015-09-18 | 2017-12-12 | 浙江大学 | A kind of rendering intent based in screen space calculating indirect reference bloom |
| CN108258613B (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2024-01-09 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Intelligent line inspection photoelectric pod and line inspection realization method |
| CN111640174B (en) * | 2020-05-09 | 2023-04-21 | 杭州群核信息技术有限公司 | Furniture growth animation cloud rendering method and system based on fixed viewing angle |
| CN112233216B (en) * | 2020-12-18 | 2021-03-02 | 成都完美时空网络技术有限公司 | Game image processing method and device and electronic equipment |
| CN113570696B (en) * | 2021-09-23 | 2022-01-11 | 深圳易帆互动科技有限公司 | Mirror image processing method and device of dynamic model and readable storage medium |
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