CN111121389A - Liquefied air energy storage and power generation system of deep coupling coal-fired unit - Google Patents
Liquefied air energy storage and power generation system of deep coupling coal-fired unit Download PDFInfo
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- CN111121389A CN111121389A CN201911313628.6A CN201911313628A CN111121389A CN 111121389 A CN111121389 A CN 111121389A CN 201911313628 A CN201911313628 A CN 201911313628A CN 111121389 A CN111121389 A CN 111121389A
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- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012716 precipitator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
- F25J1/0012—Primary atmospheric gases, e.g. air
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
- F01D15/10—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K11/00—Plants characterised by the engines being structurally combined with boilers or condensers
- F01K11/02—Plants characterised by the engines being structurally combined with boilers or condensers the engines being turbines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K25/00—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
- F01K25/08—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours
- F01K25/10—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours the vapours being cold, e.g. ammonia, carbon dioxide, ether
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K3/00—Plants characterised by the use of steam or heat accumulators, or intermediate steam heaters, therein
- F01K3/08—Use of accumulators and the plant being specially adapted for a specific use
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K3/00—Plants characterised by the use of steam or heat accumulators, or intermediate steam heaters, therein
- F01K3/12—Plants characterised by the use of steam or heat accumulators, or intermediate steam heaters, therein having two or more accumulators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B23/00—Pumping installations or systems
- F04B23/04—Combinations of two or more pumps
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
- F25J1/0032—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration"
- F25J1/004—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by flash gas recovery
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
- F25J1/0032—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration"
- F25J1/0045—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by vaporising a liquid return stream
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0228—Coupling of the liquefaction unit to other units or processes, so-called integrated processes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0228—Coupling of the liquefaction unit to other units or processes, so-called integrated processes
- F25J1/0235—Heat exchange integration
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0228—Coupling of the liquefaction unit to other units or processes, so-called integrated processes
- F25J1/0235—Heat exchange integration
- F25J1/0242—Waste heat recovery, e.g. from heat of compression
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
- F25J1/0244—Operation; Control and regulation; Instrumentation
- F25J1/0245—Different modes, i.e. 'runs', of operation; Process control
- F25J1/0251—Intermittent or alternating process, so-called batch process, e.g. "peak-shaving"
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J5/00—Arrangements of cold exchangers or cold accumulators in separation or liquefaction plants
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K3/00—Plants characterised by the use of steam or heat accumulators, or intermediate steam heaters, therein
- F01K3/18—Plants characterised by the use of steam or heat accumulators, or intermediate steam heaters, therein having heaters
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2205/00—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means
- F25J2205/24—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means using regenerators, cold accumulators or reversible heat exchangers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2230/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams
- F25J2230/04—Compressor cooling arrangement, e.g. inter- or after-stage cooling or condensate removal
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2230/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams
- F25J2230/30—Compression of the feed stream
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2240/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for expanding of process streams
- F25J2240/90—Hot gas waste turbine of an indirect heated gas for power generation
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2270/00—Refrigeration techniques used
- F25J2270/90—External refrigeration, e.g. conventional closed-loop mechanical refrigeration unit using Freon or NH3, unspecified external refrigeration
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- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a liquefied air energy storage and power generation system of a deep coupling coal-fired unit, which comprises an air compression and condensed water heating system, an air liquefaction energy storage system, an air expansion power generation system and a cold energy recovery and storage system, wherein the air compression and condensed water heating system is connected with the air expansion power generation system; the air compression and condensed water heating system comprises an air compressor and a heat exchanger; the air liquefaction energy storage system is connected with the air compression and condensed water heating system; the air expansion power generation system is connected with the air liquefaction energy storage system; the cold quantity recycling and storing system is connected with the air expansion power generation system and the air compression and condensed water heating system. The invention couples the coal-fired generator set with the liquefied air energy storage system, effectively improves the flexibility of deep peak shaving of the thermal power plant, ensures the integral frequency modulation level of the power grid, and simultaneously can effectively improve the safe operation level of the generator set in the deep peak shaving process of the coal-fired generator set and reduce the equipment loss.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of energy power, and particularly relates to a liquefied air energy storage power generation system of a deep coupling coal-fired unit.
Background
The problem of insufficient frequency modulation capacity of a power grid is increasingly highlighted along with continuous grid connection of new energy power such as wind power, photovoltaic power generation and the like. In order to improve the frequency modulation capacity of a power grid, the flexibility and the peak regulation potential of a coal-fired power generating unit need to be improved, and the peak regulation capacity and the new energy consumption capacity of the unit are comprehensively improved.
Large-scale energy storage technology is an important means for regulating the output stability of energy. The large-scale energy storage technologies which are widely concerned at present mainly comprise battery energy storage, pumped storage, compressed air energy storage, liquefied air energy storage and the like. However, water resources are needed for supporting pumped storage, and the requirement of compressed air energy storage on the air storage chamber is high. Compared with water pumping energy storage and compressed air energy storage, the liquefied air energy storage system developed in recent years has many excellent characteristics, such as no limitation of geographical conditions, safe storage under low pressure conditions, operation on existing equipment and the like. Therefore, in order to overcome the problems of the traditional compressed air energy storage and pumped storage, in recent years, scholars at home and abroad successively develop the research on the liquid air energy storage technology, and low-temperature liquid air is taken as an energy storage medium, so that the energy storage density can be obviously improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a liquefied air energy storage and power generation system of a deep coupling coal-fired unit, which couples the coal-fired unit with the liquefied air energy storage system, effectively improves the flexibility of deep peak shaving of a thermal power plant, ensures the integral frequency modulation level of a power grid, and simultaneously can effectively improve the safe operation level of the unit in the deep peak shaving process of the coal-fired unit and reduce the equipment loss.
The invention provides a liquefied air energy storage and power generation system of a deep coupling coal-fired unit, which comprises an air compression and condensed water heating system, an air liquefaction energy storage system, an air expansion power generation system and a cold energy recovery and storage system, wherein the air compression and condensed water heating system is connected with the air expansion power generation system;
the air compression and condensed water heating system comprises an air compressor and a heat exchanger; the heat exchanger is connected with an air compressor and is used for cooling air compressed by the air compressor; the cooling water inlet of the heat exchanger is connected with the outlet of a condenser of a steam-water system of the coal burner unit; the condensed water outlet of the heat exchanger is connected with the deaerator inlet of a steam-water system of the coal burner unit;
the air liquefaction energy storage system is connected with the air compression and condensed water heating system and is used for cooling and liquefying the compressed air conveyed by the heat exchanger of the air compression and condensed water heating system and storing the liquefied air;
the air expansion power generation system is connected with the air liquefaction energy storage system and used for releasing the energy stored by the air liquefaction energy storage system to generate power and recovering the exhaust steam of a steam turbine of the coal-fired power plant and the waste heat of the tail flue gas of the boiler;
the cold energy recycling and storing system is connected with the air expansion power generation system and the air compression and condensed water heating system and is used for recycling and storing cold energy generated in the liquefied air gasification process of the air expansion power generation system and heat generated in the air compression and condensed water heating system in the air compression process.
Further, the air compression and condensed water heating system comprises a small steam turbine, a primary air compressor, a first heat exchanger, a secondary air compressor and a second heat exchanger; the small steam turbine is driven by the high-pressure cylinder of the steam-water system of the coal-fired power generator set through air pumping, and exhaust steam after acting is converged into an inlet of the condenser;
the small steam turbine is sequentially connected with the primary air compressor and the secondary air compressor and is used for driving the primary air compressor and the secondary air compressor to compress air through rotational kinetic energy; the air outlet of the primary air compressor is connected with a secondary air compressor through the first heat exchanger and is used for cooling air compressed by the primary air compressor through the first heat exchanger and then sending the air into the secondary air compressor; the air outlet of the secondary air compressor is connected with the air liquefaction energy storage system through the second heat exchanger and used for sending air at the outlet of the secondary air compressor into the air liquefaction energy storage system after being cooled by the second heat exchanger;
the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger are arranged in parallel, used cooling water is condensed water in a condenser of a steam system of the coal-fired unit, the condensed water flowing through the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger is heated and then flows into an inlet of a deaerator of the steam system of the coal-fired unit, and flow valves are arranged at the inlets of the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger.
Further, the air liquefaction energy storage system comprises a cold collecting box, a low-temperature refrigerator, a depressurization spray pipe, a gas-liquid separator and a liquid air storage tank; the cold collecting box is connected with the air outlet of the second heat exchanger and used for sending the air at the outlet of the second heat exchanger into the low-temperature refrigerator for deep cooling after being cooled by the cold collecting box; the low-temperature refrigerator is connected with the gas-liquid separator through the depressurization spray pipe and is used for sending the deeply cooled air into the gas-liquid separator after depressurization treatment of the depressurization spray pipe; a gas air pipeline and a liquid air pipeline are arranged in the gas-liquid separator, the gas air pipeline is connected with the cold collecting box and used for sending gas air into the cold collecting box to cool the air flowing into the cold collecting box, and the gas air is discharged into the atmosphere after being heated; the liquid air pipeline is connected with the liquid air storage tank and used for sending liquid air into the liquid air storage tank to be stored.
Further, the air expansion power generation system comprises a low-temperature pump, a third heat exchanger, a fourth heat exchanger, a fifth heat exchanger, a primary expander, a sixth heat exchanger, a secondary expander and a power generator; the outlet of the liquid air storage tank is connected with the cryogenic pump, and the cryogenic pump is sequentially connected with the third heat exchanger, the fourth heat exchanger and the fifth heat exchanger and is used for feeding air at the outlet of the liquid air storage tank into the third heat exchanger through the cryogenic pump for heating, and then sequentially feeding the air into the fourth heat exchanger and the fifth heat exchanger for further heating;
the primary expansion machine is connected with the secondary expansion machine, and the power output end of the secondary expansion machine is connected with the generator; the air outlet of the primary expansion machine is connected with the secondary expansion machine through the sixth heat exchanger and is used for sending the air heated by the fifth heat exchanger into the primary expansion machine, sending the air which is acted by the primary expansion machine into the secondary expansion machine after being heated by the sixth heat exchanger, and driving the generator to generate power through kinetic energy generated by the expansion of high-pressure air in the primary expansion machine and the secondary expansion machine;
the fifth heat exchanger and the sixth heat exchanger are arranged in parallel and use flue gas to heat air, and the adopted flue gas is mixed flue gas of inlet flue gas and outlet flue gas of an air preheater of the coal-fired unit; and flow valves are arranged at the inlets of the fifth heat exchanger and the sixth heat exchanger.
Furthermore, the cold energy recovery and storage system comprises a cold accumulation device and a heat accumulation device, the third heat exchanger, the cold accumulation device, the cold collection box and the heat accumulation device are sequentially connected to form a closed loop, and flow valves are arranged between the cold accumulation device and the cold collection box and between the heat accumulation device and the third heat exchanger;
when the air liquefaction energy storage system operates, a circulating medium in the system flows through the third heat exchanger, heat exchange does not occur in the third heat exchanger, the circulating medium enters the cold accumulation device after passing through the third heat exchanger, carries cold energy stored in the cold accumulation device, enters the cold collection box to cool high-pressure air, and stores heat generated in the air cooling process in the cold collection box in the heat accumulation device;
when the air expansion power generation system operates, a circulating medium in the system flows through the third heat exchanger and then enters the cold storage device, cold energy obtained by the third heat exchanger is stored in the cold storage device and then flows through the cold collection box and then enters the heat storage device, the circulating medium does not exchange heat in the cold collection box in the process, and the circulating medium enters the heat storage device and then carries heat stored in the heat storage device to enter the third heat exchanger to heat air.
By means of the scheme, the coal-fired generator set is coupled with the liquefied air energy storage system through the deep coupling coal-fired generator set liquefied air energy storage power generation system, the flexibility of deep peak shaving of the thermal power plant is effectively improved, the integral frequency modulation level of a power grid is guaranteed, meanwhile, the safe operation level of the coal-fired generator set in the deep peak shaving process can be effectively improved, and equipment loss is reduced.
The foregoing description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present invention, and in order to make the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly understood and to implement them in accordance with the contents of the description, the following detailed description is given with reference to the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a liquefied air energy storage and power generation system of a deep coupling coal-fired unit.
Reference numbers in the figures:
1-small steam engine; 2.1-first stage air compressor; 2.2-a secondary air compressor; 3.1 — a first heat exchanger; 3.2-a second heat exchanger; 3.3-third heat exchanger; 3.4-a fourth heat exchanger; 3.5-fifth heat exchanger; 3.6-sixth heat exchanger; 4.1-first flow valve; 4.2-second flow valve; 4.3-third flow valve; 4.4-fourth flow valve; 4.5-fifth flow valve; 4.6-sixth flow valve; 4.7-seventh flow valve; 5-a cold collecting box; 6-a cryogenic refrigerator; 7-a depressurization spray pipe; 8-a gas-liquid separator; 9-a liquid air storage tank; 10-a cryopump; 11-a cold storage device; 12-a thermal storage device; 13.1-first stage expander; 13.2-secondary expander; p1-condenser outlet; p2-coal-fired unit deaerator inlet; p3-high pressure cylinder air exhaust; p4-condenser inlet; p5-precipitator inlet; p6-air preheater inlet; p7-air preheater exit.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the present invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the embodiment provides a liquefied air energy storage and power generation system of a deep coupling coal-fired unit, which includes four parts, namely an air compression and condensed water heating system, an air liquefaction energy storage system, an air expansion power generation system and a cold energy recovery and storage system.
The air compression and condensed water heating system is mainly used for pressurizing air at normal temperature and normal pressure to a certain pressure (more than 8 MPa), and recovering heat generated in the air compression process for heating condensed water in a steam-water system of a coal-fired power generating unit. The system consists of a small steam turbine 1, a primary air compressor 2.1, a first heat exchanger 3.1, a secondary air compressor 2.2, a second heat exchanger 3.2, a first flow valve 4.1 and a second flow valve 4.2. The small steam turbine 1 is driven by high-pressure cylinder air pumping in a steam-water system of a coal-fired generator set, exhaust steam which does work in the small steam turbine 1 is converged into an inlet of a condenser, rotational kinetic energy generated by the small steam turbine 1 is used for driving a primary air compressor 2.1 and a secondary air compressor 2.2 to compress air, the air compressed by the primary air compressor 2.1 is cooled by a first heat exchanger 3.1 and then enters the secondary air compressor 2.2, air at an outlet of the secondary air compressor 2.2 is cooled by a second heat exchanger 3.2 and then enters an air liquefaction energy storage system, wherein the first heat exchanger 3.1 and the second heat exchanger 3.2 are arranged in parallel, cooling water is condensed water in the condenser in the steam-water system of the coal-fired generator set, and the condensed water flowing through the first heat exchanger 3.1 and the second heat exchanger 3.2 is heated and then mixed and converged into an. Wherein a first flow valve 4.1 and a second flow valve 4.2 are arranged in front of the first heat exchanger 3.1 and the second heat exchanger 3.2.
The air liquefaction energy storage system is used for cooling and liquefying high-pressure air generated by the air compression and condensed water heating system and storing the liquefied air. The system consists of a cold collecting box 5, a low-temperature refrigerator 6, a pressure reducing spray pipe 7, a gas-liquid separator 8 and a liquid air storage tank 9. High-pressure air generated by the air compression and condensed water heating system enters the low-temperature refrigerator 6 for deep cooling after being cooled by the cold collecting box 5, the air after deep cooling enters the gas-liquid separator 8 after being subjected to pressure reduction treatment by the pressure reduction spray pipe 7, the air in the gas-liquid separator 8 is divided into two paths of gas and liquid, the gas air returns to the cold collecting box 5 and is used for cooling the air flowing into the cold collecting box 5 by the fourth heat exchanger 3.4, the part of air is discharged into the atmosphere after being heated, and the liquid air enters the liquid air storage tank 9 for storage.
The air expansion power generation system has the main functions of releasing the energy stored in the air liquefaction energy storage system for power generation and simultaneously recovering the exhaust steam of a steam turbine of the coal-fired power plant and the tail flue gas waste heat of a boiler. The system consists of a fifth flow valve 4.5, a cryogenic pump 10, a third heat exchanger 3.3, a fourth heat exchanger 3.4, a fifth heat exchanger 3.5, a primary expander 13.1, a sixth heat exchanger 3.6, a secondary expander 13.2, a generator 14, a sixth flow valve 4.6 and a seventh flow valve 4.7. In the operation process of the air expansion power generation system, air at the outlet of a liquid air storage tank 9 enters a third heat exchanger 3.3 through a low-temperature pump 10 to be heated, then enters a fourth heat exchanger 3.4 and a fifth heat exchanger 3.5 in sequence to be further heated, then enters a primary expansion machine 13.1, the air which does work through the primary expansion machine 13.1 enters a secondary expansion machine 13.2 after being heated through a sixth heat exchanger 3.6, and the kinetic energy generated by the high-pressure air through expansion in the primary expansion machine 13.1 and the secondary expansion machine 13.2 drives a generator to generate power, wherein the fourth heat exchanger 3.4 is heated by using exhaust steam of a steam turbine of a coal-fired unit, and the exhaust steam after passing through the fourth heat exchanger 3.4 is collected into the outlet of a condenser. The fifth heat exchanger 3.5 and the sixth heat exchanger 3.6 are arranged in parallel and use flue gas to heat air, and the used flue gas is extracted according to a certain proportion from the inlet and the outlet of the air preheater of the coal-fired unit and mixed to a certain temperature. And a sixth flow valve 4.6 and a seventh flow valve 4.7 are respectively arranged in front of the fifth heat exchanger 3.5 and the sixth heat exchanger 3.6.
The cold energy storage and recovery system is mainly used for recovering and storing cold energy generated in the liquefied air gasification process in the operation process of the air expansion power generation system and heat generated in the air compression process. The stored cold energy can be used for cooling high-pressure air in the air liquefaction energy storage system, so that the refrigerating capacity of the low-temperature refrigerating machine 6 is reduced to achieve an energy-saving effect, and the stored heat can be used for heating liquid air in the expansion power generation system. The system consists of a cold storage device 11, a fifth flow valve 4.5, a heat storage device 12 and a fourth flow valve 4.4. In the system, a third heat exchanger 3.3, a cold accumulation device 11, a fifth flow valve 4.5 and a cold collection box 5, a heat accumulation device 12 and a fourth flow valve 4.4 form a closed loop. When the air liquefaction energy storage system operates, the medium flows through the third heat exchanger 3.3, no heat exchange occurs in the third heat exchanger 3.3, the medium enters the cold accumulation device 11 after passing through the third heat exchanger 3.3, cold energy stored in the cold accumulation device 11 is carried and enters the cold collection box 5 to cool high-pressure air, and heat generated in the air cooling process in the cold collection box 5 is stored in the cold accumulation device 11. When the air expansion power generation system operates, the circulating medium in the cold storage and recovery system flows through the third heat exchanger 3.3 and then enters the cold storage device 11, the cold obtained by the third heat exchanger 3.3 is stored in the heat storage device 12 and then sequentially flows through the fifth flow valve 4.5 and the cold collection box 5 and then enters the heat storage device 12, in the process, the circulating medium does not exchange heat in the cold collection box 5, and the circulating medium enters the heat storage device 12 and then carries the heat stored in the heat storage device 12 and enters the third heat exchanger 3.3 to heat air after passing through the fourth flow valve 4.4.
When the coal-fired unit bears the peak regulation function of the power grid and needs to reduce the load on the power grid, the air compression and condensed water heating system is started, the output of the compressor is improved by increasing the air extraction amount of the high-pressure cylinder, and meanwhile, the steam amount participating in work doing in the coal-fired unit is reduced, so that the power generation amount of the coal-fired unit is reduced. And simultaneously starting the air liquefaction energy storage system and the cold energy recovery and storage system. The air liquefaction energy storage system is used for cooling and liquefying high-pressure air generated by the air compression and condensed water heating system and storing the high-pressure air in the liquid air storage tank. The cold energy recovery and storage system releases the cold energy stored in the cold storage device through a circulating medium and is used for cooling the high-pressure air from the air compression and condensed water heating system, and simultaneously stores the heat released in the high-pressure air cooling process in the heat storage device.
When the coal-fired unit bears the peak regulation function of the power grid and needs to improve the load on the grid, the flow valve at the outlet of the liquid air storage tank is opened, and the air expansion power generation system and the cold energy recovery storage system are started. When the load of the coal-fired unit is slowly lifted, the air expansion power generation system is started to generate power, the internet load of the whole system can be quickly improved, and time is strived for lifting the load of the coal-fired unit. The cold energy recovery and storage system releases the heat stored in the heat storage device through a circulating medium and is used for heating the liquefied air from the liquid air storage tank, and meanwhile, the cold energy released by warming the liquefied air is stored in the cold storage device.
In order to ensure the overall economy of the system, three systems, namely an air compression and condensed water heating system, an air liquefaction energy storage system and an air expansion power generation system, are not started at the same time.
The liquefied air energy storage power generation system of the deep coupling coal-fired unit has the following technical effects:
1) condensed water at the outlet of a condenser of the coal-fired generator set is used for cooling air at the outlet of the compressor, and the heated condensed water is respectively gathered into the deaerator inlet and the economizer inlet, so that waste heat in the air compression process is effectively recovered, a constant-temperature cold source is provided for the air compression process, the energy consumption of a low-temperature refrigerator is reduced, and the energy-saving effect is achieved;
2) the exhaust steam at the inlet of a condenser of a coal-fired power generating unit and the flue gas at the tail part of a coal-fired boiler are adopted to heat the inlet air of a primary expansion machine and a secondary expansion machine, so that a stable heat source is provided for the air expansion power generation process, and the independent operation of the energy storage process is ensured;
3) the tail flue gas waste heat of the boiler of the coal-fired unit and the steam-water system exhaust steam waste heat are used for a liquefied air expansion power generation system of a liquefied air energy storage power generation system, so that the gradient utilization of energy and the deep coupling of the coal-fired unit and the energy storage system are realized;
4) the heat energy in the steam-water system of the coal-fired generator set is converted into the internal energy of the liquefied air and stored, so that the online load of the coal-fired generator set can be quickly reduced, the time is strived for the load adjustment of the coal-fired generator set, the safety and the economy of the coal-fired generator set are ensured, and the flexibility of peak regulation of the coal-fired generator set is improved.
5) After the liquefied air energy storage power generation system is additionally arranged, the online load can be quickly increased when the coal-fired power generation unit operates under a low-load working condition, time is strived for increasing the load of the coal-fired power generation unit, and the operation stability and safety of the coal-fired power generation unit are ensured.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, many modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A liquefied air energy storage and power generation system of a deep coupling coal-fired unit is characterized by comprising an air compression and condensed water heating system, an air liquefaction energy storage system, an air expansion power generation system and a cold energy recovery and storage system;
the air compression and condensed water heating system comprises an air compressor and a heat exchanger; the heat exchanger is connected with an air compressor and is used for cooling air compressed by the air compressor; the cooling water inlet of the heat exchanger is connected with the outlet of a condenser of a steam-water system of the coal burner unit; the condensed water outlet of the heat exchanger is connected with the deaerator inlet of a steam-water system of the coal burner unit;
the air liquefaction energy storage system is connected with the air compression and condensed water heating system and is used for cooling and liquefying the compressed air conveyed by the heat exchanger of the air compression and condensed water heating system and storing the liquefied air;
the air expansion power generation system is connected with the air liquefaction energy storage system and used for releasing the energy stored by the air liquefaction energy storage system to generate power and recovering the exhaust steam of a steam turbine of the coal-fired power plant and the waste heat of the tail flue gas of the boiler;
the cold energy recycling and storing system is connected with the air expansion power generation system and the air compression and condensed water heating system and is used for recycling and storing cold energy generated in the liquefied air gasification process of the air expansion power generation system and heat generated in the air compression and condensed water heating system in the air compression process.
2. The deep coupling coal-fired unit liquefied air energy storage power generation system according to claim 1, wherein the air compression and condensed water heating system comprises a small steam turbine (1), a primary air compressor (2.1), a first heat exchanger (3.1), a secondary air compressor (2.2) and a second heat exchanger (3.2); the small steam turbine (1) is driven by a high-pressure cylinder of a steam-water system of a coal-fired power generating set to pump air, and exhaust steam after acting is converged into an inlet of a condenser;
the small steam turbine (1) is sequentially connected with the primary air compressor (2.1) and the secondary air compressor (2.2) and is used for driving the primary air compressor (2.1) and the secondary air compressor (2.2) to compress air through rotational kinetic energy; the air outlet of the primary air compressor (2.1) is connected with the secondary air compressor (2.2) through the first heat exchanger (3.1) and is used for cooling the air compressed by the primary air compressor (2.1) through the first heat exchanger (3.1) and then sending the air into the secondary air compressor (2.2); the air outlet of the secondary air compressor (2.2) is connected with the air liquefaction energy storage system through the second heat exchanger (3.2) and used for cooling air at the outlet of the secondary air compressor (2.2) through the second heat exchanger (3.2) and then sending the air into the air liquefaction energy storage system;
the first heat exchanger (3.1) and the second heat exchanger (3.2) are arranged in parallel, used cooling water is condensed water in a steam system condenser of the coal-fired unit, the condensed water flowing through the first heat exchanger (3.1) and the second heat exchanger (3.2) is heated and then flows into an inlet of a deaerator of a steam-water system of the coal-fired unit, and flow valves are arranged at the inlets of the first heat exchanger (3.1) and the second heat exchanger (3.2).
3. The deep-coupling coal-fired unit liquefied air energy storage and power generation system as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that the air liquefied energy storage system comprises a cold collection box (5), a cryogenic refrigerator (6), a depressurization spray pipe (7), a gas-liquid separator (8) and a liquid air storage tank (9); the cold collecting box (5) is connected with an air outlet of the second heat exchanger (3.2) and used for sending the air at the outlet of the second heat exchanger (3.2) into the low-temperature refrigerator (6) for deep cooling after being cooled by the cold collecting box (5); the low-temperature refrigerator (6) is connected with the gas-liquid separator (8) through the depressurization spray pipe (7) and is used for sending the deeply cooled air into the gas-liquid separator (8) after depressurization treatment of the depressurization spray pipe (7); a gas air pipeline and a liquid air pipeline are arranged in the gas-liquid separator (8), the gas air pipeline is connected with the cold collecting box (5) and used for sending gas air into the cold collecting box (5) to cool the air flowing into the cold collecting box (5), and the gas air is discharged into the atmosphere after being heated; the liquid air pipeline is connected with the liquid air storage tank (9) and used for sending liquid air into the liquid air storage tank (8) for storage.
4. The deep coupling coal-fired unit liquefied air energy storage power generation system according to claim 3, wherein the air expansion power generation system comprises a cryogenic pump (10), a third heat exchanger (3.3), a fourth heat exchanger (3.4), a fifth heat exchanger (3.5), a primary expansion machine (13.1), a sixth heat exchanger (3.6), a secondary expansion machine (13.2) and a power generator (14); the outlet of the liquid air storage tank (9) is connected with the cryogenic pump (10), the cryogenic pump (10) is sequentially connected with the third heat exchanger (3.3), the fourth heat exchanger (3.4) and the fifth heat exchanger (3.5), and the liquid air storage tank (9) is used for delivering the outlet air of the liquid air storage tank (9) into the third heat exchanger (3.3) through the cryogenic pump (10) to be heated and then sequentially delivering the outlet air into the fourth heat exchanger (3.4) and the fifth heat exchanger (3.5) to be further heated;
the primary expansion machine (13.1) is connected with the secondary expansion machine (13.2), and the power output end of the secondary expansion machine (13.2) is connected with the generator (14); the air outlet of the primary expansion machine (13.1) is connected with the secondary expansion machine (13.2) through the sixth heat exchanger (3.6) and is used for sending the air heated and heated by the fifth heat exchanger (3.5) into the primary expansion machine (13.1), sending the air which is worked by the primary expansion machine (13.1) into the secondary expansion machine (13.2) after being heated by the sixth heat exchanger (3.6), and driving the generator to generate power through the kinetic energy generated by the expansion of the high-pressure air in the primary expansion machine (13.1) and the secondary expansion machine (13.2);
the fifth heat exchanger (3.5) and the sixth heat exchanger (3.6) are arranged in parallel and use flue gas to heat air, and the adopted flue gas is mixed flue gas of inlet and outlet flue gas of an air preheater of the coal-fired unit; and flow valves are arranged at the inlets of the fifth heat exchanger (3.5) and the sixth heat exchanger (3.6).
5. The deep coupling coal-fired unit liquefied air energy storage and power generation system as claimed in claim 4, wherein the cold energy recovery and storage system comprises a cold accumulation device (11) and a heat accumulation device (12), the third heat exchanger (3.3), the cold accumulation device (11), the cold collection box (5) and the heat accumulation device (12) are sequentially connected to form a closed loop, and flow valves are respectively arranged between the cold accumulation device (11) and the cold collection box (5) and between the heat accumulation device (12) and the third heat exchanger (3.3);
when the air liquefaction energy storage system operates, a circulating medium in the system flows through the third heat exchanger (3.3), does not exchange heat in the third heat exchanger (3.3), enters the cold accumulation device (11) after passing through the third heat exchanger (3.3), carries cold stored in the cold accumulation device (11), enters the cold collection box (5) to cool high-pressure air, and stores heat generated in the air cooling process in the cold collection box (5) in the heat storage device (12);
when the air expansion power generation system operates, a circulating medium in the system flows through the third heat exchanger (3.3) and then enters the cold storage device (11), cold energy obtained by the third heat exchanger (3.3) is stored in the cold storage device (11), flows through the cold collection box (5) and then enters the heat storage device (12), the circulating medium does not exchange heat in the cold collection box (5) in the process, and the circulating medium enters the heat storage device (12) and then carries heat stored in the heat storage device (12) to enter the third heat exchanger (3.3) to heat air.
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