CN111120445A - Automatic reversing device for reciprocating pump - Google Patents

Automatic reversing device for reciprocating pump Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111120445A
CN111120445A CN202010079475.XA CN202010079475A CN111120445A CN 111120445 A CN111120445 A CN 111120445A CN 202010079475 A CN202010079475 A CN 202010079475A CN 111120445 A CN111120445 A CN 111120445A
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China
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port
communicated
oil
valve core
shell
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CN202010079475.XA
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Chinese (zh)
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陈艳艳
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Individual
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Priority to CN202010079475.XA priority Critical patent/CN111120445A/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B13/00—Details of servomotor systems ; Valves for servomotor systems
    • F15B13/02—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors
    • F15B13/021—Valves for interconnecting the fluid chambers of an actuator

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of reciprocating pumps. The invention discloses an automatic reversing device for a reciprocating pump, which comprises a shell, a valve core, a first spring, a control plunger and a second spring, wherein the shell is provided with a port P, a port T, a port A and a port B, the valve core is positioned in the shell, the first spring is positioned at the left end of the shell, the control plunger and the second spring are positioned at the right end of the shell, a left oil return cavity, a right oil return cavity and a control cavity are formed in the shell, the port A and the port B can be controlled by axial movement of the valve core to be alternately communicated with the port P, the left oil return cavity and the right oil return cavity, and reversing control over a hydraulic cylinder of the reciprocating pump is realized. The automatic reversing device for the reciprocating pump is simple and compact in structure, low in manufacturing cost and high in integration level.

Description

Automatic reversing device for reciprocating pump
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of reciprocating pumps, and particularly relates to an automatic reversing device for a reciprocating pump.
Background
In oil drilling, a reciprocating pump is the heart of the rig's circulation system, and its operational performance and operational reliability directly affect the quality and speed of drilling. At present, a mechanical driving type reciprocating pump is widely adopted on an oil drilling machine, namely, a diesel engine or a motor drives a piston to reciprocate through mechanical speed reduction and a crank connecting rod mechanism so as to realize liquid suction and liquid discharge. Because the crank-connecting rod mechanism determines that the motion speed of the piston is close to the change of a sine curve, the instantaneous flow of a single cylinder of the reciprocating pump is fluctuated according to the sine curve. Although multi-cylinder superposition and an accumulator are adopted in the design, the flow of the reciprocating pump still has large fluctuation, and the large flow is difficult to realize.
In recent years, a hydraulically-driven reciprocating pump appears, a piston of the hydraulically-driven reciprocating pump moves at a constant speed, the pressure and the flow of the discharged liquid are relatively stable, long stroke and low stroke frequency are easily realized, the fatigue of pump elements is reduced, and the service life of the pump is prolonged; stepless speed regulation is also easy to realize. However, a key problem of using a hydraulically driven reciprocating pump is how to reliably achieve automatic reciprocation of the hydraulic ram.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems of the hydraulically-driven reciprocating pump, the invention provides an automatic reversing device for the reciprocating pump with a brand-new structural form. The automatic reversing device for the reciprocating pump comprises a shell, a valve core, a first spring, a control plunger and a second spring;
the shell is provided with a port P, a port T, a port A and a port B, the port P is connected with the oil inlet pipe, the port T is connected with the oil outlet pipe, and the port A and the port B are respectively connected with two oil cavities of the hydraulic cylinder of the reciprocating pump;
the valve core is positioned in the shell and can perform axial reciprocating movement relative to the shell; a left oil return cavity is formed between the left end of the valve core and the shell, a right oil return cavity is formed between the right end of the valve core and the shell, and the left oil return cavity and the right oil return cavity are communicated with the T port;
the first spring is positioned in the left oil return cavity, one end of the first spring is abutted against the shell, the other end of the first spring is abutted against the valve core, and the valve core keeps the trend of moving rightwards;
the control plunger and the second spring are positioned at the right end of the shell, the right end of the control plunger is matched in the shell in a left-right sliding mode, the left end of the control plunger is matched in the valve core in a sliding mode, and when the control plunger moves leftwards, the valve core can be pushed to move leftwards; one end of the second spring is abutted against the shell, and the other end of the second spring is abutted against the control plunger, so that the control plunger keeps the trend of moving rightwards to be far away from the valve core; a control cavity is formed between the right end of the control plunger and the shell, and the control cavity is communicated with the port A;
the axial movement of the valve core can control the port A and the port B to be alternately communicated with the port P, the left oil return cavity and the right oil return cavity; when the valve core is positioned at the right end position, the port A is communicated with the port P, the port B is communicated with the left oil return cavity, when the valve core is positioned at the left end position, the port B is communicated with the port P, and the port A is communicated with the right oil return cavity;
when the valve core is positioned at the right end position, and the pressure of the port A rises to the set pressure of the second spring, the pressure of the control cavity pushes the control plunger to move leftwards, so that the valve core is pushed to move leftwards relative to the shell, the port B is communicated with the port P, the port A is communicated with the right oil return cavity, and the valve core is kept at the left end position by the oil return back pressure in the right oil return cavity; when the valve core is positioned at the left end position and no oil flows in the right oil return cavity, the first spring pushes the valve core to move rightwards relative to the shell, so that the port A is communicated with the port P, the port B is communicated with the left oil return cavity, and the valve core is kept at the right end position by the first spring.
Preferably, the housing is provided with a first oil path, a second oil path and a third oil path;
one end of the first oil way is communicated with the left oil return cavity, and the other end of the first oil way is communicated with the T port; one end of the second oil way is communicated with the right oil return cavity, and the other end of the second oil way is communicated with the T port; one end of the third oil way is communicated with the control cavity, and the other end of the third oil way is communicated with the port A.
More preferably, an orifice is provided in the second oil passage.
Preferably, the valve core is provided with a first oil hole and a second oil hole, one end of the first oil hole is communicated with the left oil return cavity, the other end of the first oil hole is selectively communicated with the port B, one end of the second oil hole is communicated with the right oil return cavity, the other end of the second oil hole is selectively communicated with the port A, the middle of the valve core is provided with an annular communicating groove, and the communicating groove is used for controlling the port P to be communicated with the port A or the port B.
Further preferably, a chamber in which the left end of the control plunger is located communicates with the first oil hole.
Preferably, the shell is provided with a first connecting groove; the first connecting groove is located between the shell and the cylinder barrel, is an annular groove distributed along the axial direction, and is communicated with the port P.
Preferably, a second connecting groove is formed in the shell; the second connecting groove is located between the shell and the valve core and is an annular groove distributed along the axial direction, one end of the second connecting groove is communicated with the port B, and the other end of the second connecting groove is selectively communicated with the first oil hole.
Preferably, a third connecting groove is formed in the shell; the third connecting groove is located in an annular groove which is formed between the shell and the valve core and is distributed along the axial direction, one end of the third connecting groove is communicated with the port A, and the other end of the third connecting groove is selectively communicated with the second oil hole.
Preferably, the shell adopts a split structure, and two ends of the shell are respectively provided with a detachable end cover.
The automatic reversing device for the reciprocating pump has the following beneficial technical effects:
1. in the invention, the shell is respectively provided with a P port connected with the oil inlet pipe, a T port connected with the oil outlet pipe, and an A port and a B port which are respectively communicated with two cavities of the hydraulic cylinder of the reciprocating pump, and the A port and the B port are alternately communicated with the P port, the left oil return cavity and the right oil return cavity, so that the hydraulic cylinder of the reciprocating pump is driven by high-pressure oil to axially reciprocate. Meanwhile, when the hydraulic oil cylinder of the reciprocating pump moves to the left and right terminal positions, the first spring, the control plunger and the second spring drive the valve plug to axially move relative to the shell to complete reversing.
2. In the invention, the oil way and the oil hole which are mutually related are arranged on the shell and the valve core, so that the alternative communication of the port A and the port B with the port P, the left oil return cavity and the right oil return cavity is completed in the relative axial movement process of the valve core relative to the shell. Therefore, the requirements on the use and control of the electromagnetic reversing valve in the existing automatic reversing process can be completely omitted, the cost and the control complexity are reduced, and the valve core can be reliably kept at the position after reversing through the back pressure of the first spring and the right oil return cavity.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an automatic reversing device for a reciprocating pump according to the present embodiment, in which a valve core is at a right end position;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the cross-sectional structure A-A of FIG. 1;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the automatic reversing device for the reciprocating pump according to the present embodiment, in which the valve element is located at the left end position;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating an application principle of the automatic reversing device for the reciprocating pump according to the embodiment.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1, the automatic reversing device for the reciprocating pump of the present embodiment includes a housing 1, a valve body 2, a first spring 3, a control plunger 5, and a second spring 4.
The shell 1 is of a hollow structure, the shell 1 is provided with a P port, a T port, an A port and a B port, the P port is connected with an oil inlet pipe, the T port is connected with an oil outlet pipe, and the A port and the B port are respectively connected with two oil cavities of a hydraulic cylinder of the reciprocating pump.
The valve element 2 is located inside the housing 1 and can axially reciprocate relative to the housing 1. A left oil return cavity 1a is formed between the left end of the valve core 2 and the shell 1, a right oil return cavity 1b is formed between the right end of the valve core 2 and the shell 1, and the left oil return cavity 1a and the right oil return cavity 1b are communicated with the T port.
The first spring 3 is positioned in the left oil return cavity 1a, one end of the first spring 3 is propped against the shell 1, and the other end of the first spring 3 is propped against the valve core 2, so that the valve core 2 keeps the trend of moving rightwards.
The control plunger 5 and the second spring 4 are positioned at the right end of the shell 1, the right end of the control plunger 5 can be matched in the shell 1 in a left-right sliding mode, the left end of the control plunger 5 is matched in the valve core 2 in a sliding mode, and when the control plunger 5 moves leftwards, the valve core 2 can be driven to move leftwards. One end of the second spring 4 is abutted against the housing 1, and the other end is abutted against the control plunger 5, so that the control plunger 5 keeps the trend of moving away from the valve core 2 to the right. A control cavity 1c is formed between the right end of the control plunger 5 and the shell 1, and the control cavity 1c is communicated with the port A.
The axial movement of the valve core 2 can control the port A and the port B to be alternately communicated with the port P, the left oil return cavity 1a and the right oil return cavity 1B. When the valve core 2 is at the right end position, the port A is communicated with the port P, the port B is communicated with the left oil return cavity 1a, when the valve core 2 is at the left end position, the port B is communicated with the port P, and the port A is communicated with the right oil return cavity 1B.
When the valve core 2 is at the right end position, the pressure of the port A rises to the set pressure of the second spring 4, the pressure of the control cavity 1c pushes the control plunger 5 to move leftwards, and further the valve core 2 is driven to move leftwards relative to the shell 1, so that the port B is communicated with the port P, the port A is communicated with the right oil return cavity 1B, and the oil return back pressure in the right oil return cavity 1B enables the valve core 2 to be kept at the left end position. When the valve core 2 is at the left end position and no oil flows in the right oil return cavity 1B, the first spring 3 moves the valve core 2 to move rightwards relative to the shell 1, so that the port A is communicated with the port P and the port B is communicated with the left oil return cavity 1a, and the first spring 3 keeps the valve core 2 at the right end position.
As shown in fig. 1, in the present embodiment, a first oil path 104, a second oil path 105 and a third oil path 106 are provided on the housing 1, one end of the first oil path 104 is communicated with the left oil return chamber 1a, the other end is communicated with the T port, one end of the second oil path 105 is communicated with the right oil return chamber 1b, and the other end is communicated with the T port; one end of the third oil passage 106 communicates with the control chamber 1c, and the other end communicates with port a.
As shown in fig. 1, the second oil passage 105 is provided with an orifice 61. At this time, by means of the throttling effect of the throttling hole 61 on the passing oil, namely the throttling effect on the oil flowing between the second oil path 105 and the right oil return cavity 1B, the acting force of the oil return back pressure in the right oil return cavity 1B on the valve core 2 in the direction pointing to the left oil return cavity 1a can be kept, the valve core 2 is fixed at the left end position, and the port B and the port P are ensured, and the port a is stably communicated with the right oil return cavity 1B.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 1, in this embodiment, a first oil hole 21 and a second oil hole 22 are provided in the valve core 2, one end of the first oil hole 21 is communicated with the left oil return chamber 1a, the other end is selectively communicated with the port B, one end of the second oil hole 22 is communicated with the right oil return chamber 1B, the other end is selectively communicated with the port a, an annular communicating groove 23 is provided in the middle of the valve core 2, and the communicating groove 23 is used for controlling the port P to be communicated with the port a or the port B. Thus, when the valve core 2 is at the left end position, the port P is communicated with the port B through the communication groove 23, and the port A is communicated with the right oil return cavity 1B through the second oil hole 22; when the valve core 2 is at the right end position, the port P is communicated with the port a through the communication groove 23, and the port B is communicated with the left oil return chamber 1a through the first oil hole 21.
As shown in fig. 1, in the present embodiment, the chamber in which the left end of the control plunger 5 is located communicates with the first oil port 21. Therefore, the left end of the control plunger 5 can be communicated with the T port, and the left end is not influenced by hydraulic pressure, so that the accurate control of the pressure of the A port on the control plunger 5 can be ensured.
As shown in fig. 1, the housing 1 is further provided with a first connecting groove 101. The first connecting groove 101 is in the form of an annular groove structure arranged along the axial direction and is communicated with the port P.
As shown in fig. 1, a second connection groove 102 and a third connection groove 103 are also provided on the housing 1, respectively. The second connecting groove 102 and the third connecting groove 103 are both in the form of annular groove structures and are located between the housing 1 and the valve core 2, wherein one end of the second connecting groove 102 is in selective communication with the port B, the other end of the second connecting groove 102 is in selective communication with the first oil hole 21, one end of the third connecting groove 103 is in selective communication with the port a, and the other end of the third connecting groove 107 is in selective communication with the second oil hole 22.
In addition, as shown in fig. 1, in the present embodiment, the housing 1 is a split structure, and both ends of the housing are respectively in the form of end covers connected by axial bolts. Therefore, the whole shell is convenient to process and manufacture, particularly relevant oil ways, so that the processing difficulty and cost are reduced, the disassembly is convenient, and the assembly efficiency and the maintenance convenience are improved.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, when the automatic reversing device for the reciprocating pump of the present embodiment operates, the port P is connected to the outlet of the hydraulic pump 8, the port T is connected to the oil tank, and the port a and the port B are respectively connected to two oil cavities of the power oil cylinder 7 of the natural gas compressor in the following specific working process:
when the valve core 2 is positioned at the right end position, the port A is communicated with the port P, the port B is communicated with the left oil return cavity, the hydraulic oil cylinder 7 of the reciprocating pump moves leftwards, high-pressure oil of the hydraulic pump 8 flows to the port A sequentially through the port P, the first connecting groove 101, the communicating groove 23 and the third connecting groove 103, meanwhile, the oil in the port B flows to the oil tank sequentially through the second connecting groove 102, the first oil hole 21, the left oil return cavity 1a, the first oil path 104 and the port T, and therefore the hydraulic oil cylinder 7 moves leftwards under the action of pressure difference of the oil on two sides of the port A and the port B, and the left movement of the reciprocating pump is achieved.
In the process, the valve core 2 is fixed at the right end position by the acting force of the first spring 3, the port P is kept to be communicated with the port A through the communicating groove 23, and the port B is communicated with the left oil return cavity 1a through the first oil hole 21, so that the stability and the reliability of upward movement of the hydraulic oil cylinder 7 of the reciprocating pump are ensured.
When the hydraulic oil cylinder 7 of the reciprocating pump moves to the leftmost position, the pressure in the port A rises rapidly, the pressure in the control cavity 1c acts on the control plunger 5 to overcome the acting force of the second spring 4, the control plunger 5 is pushed to move leftwards, and the valve core 2 is further pushed to move leftwards, so that high-pressure oil at the outlet of the hydraulic pump 8 flows to the port B sequentially through the port P, the first connecting groove 101, the communicating groove 23 and the second connecting groove 102, meanwhile, the oil in the port A flows to an oil tank sequentially through the third connecting groove 103, the second oil hole 22, the right oil return cavity 1B, the second oil way 105 and the port T, and due to the oil return back pressure in the right oil return cavity 1B, the valve core 2 is fixed at the position of the left end under the action of pressure difference between the two sides of the right oil return cavity 1B and the left oil return cavity 1 a.
In the process, oil in the right oil return cavity 1B flows into the T port through the throttling hole 61 in the second oil path 105, so that back pressure exists in the right oil return cavity 1B, at the moment, no oil flows in the left oil return cavity 1a, and the pressure is equal to the pressure of the T port, so that the valve core 2 is fixed at the left end position under the action of the pressure difference of the oil on two sides of the right oil return cavity 1B and the left oil return cavity 1a, the P port is kept to be communicated with the B port through the communicating groove 23, and the A port is communicated with the right oil return cavity 1B through the second oil hole 22, and the stability and reliability of the hydraulic oil cylinder 7 of the reciprocating pump.
When a hydraulic oil cylinder 7 of the reciprocating pump moves to the rightmost position, oil in a right oil return cavity 1B stops flowing, the pressure in the right oil return cavity 1B is equal to that in a left oil return cavity 1a, a first spring 3 pushes a valve core 2 to move rightwards, so that high-pressure oil of a hydraulic pump 8 flows to an A port sequentially through a P port, a first connecting groove 101, a communicating groove 23 and a third connecting groove 103, meanwhile, oil in a B port flows to an oil tank sequentially through a second connecting groove 102, a first oil hole 21, a left oil return cavity 1a, a first oil way 104 and a T port, the valve core 2 moves relative to a shell 1 in the direction of the right oil return cavity 1B under the action of the first spring 3, the P port is switched to be communicated with the A port, the B port is switched to be communicated with the left oil return cavity 1a, and the re-direction changing operation of the hydraulic oil cylinder.
The reciprocating action is repeated in sequence, so that the hydraulic oil cylinder 7 of the reciprocating pump automatically reciprocates under the hydraulic drive, and the reciprocating motion of the reciprocating pump is realized.

Claims (9)

1. An automatic reversing device for a reciprocating pump is characterized by comprising a shell, a valve core, a first spring, a control plunger and a second spring;
the shell is provided with a port P, a port T, a port A and a port B, the port P is connected with the oil inlet pipe, the port T is connected with the oil outlet pipe, and the port A and the port B are respectively connected with two oil cavities of the hydraulic cylinder of the reciprocating pump;
the valve core is positioned in the shell and can perform axial reciprocating movement relative to the shell; a left oil return cavity is formed between the left end of the valve core and the shell, a right oil return cavity is formed between the right end of the valve core and the shell, and the left oil return cavity and the right oil return cavity are communicated with the T port;
the first spring is positioned in the left oil return cavity, one end of the first spring is abutted against the shell, the other end of the first spring is abutted against the valve core, and the valve core keeps the trend of moving rightwards;
the control plunger and the second spring are positioned at the right end of the shell, the right end of the control plunger is matched in the shell in a left-right sliding mode, the left end of the control plunger is matched in the valve core in a sliding mode, and when the control plunger moves leftwards, the valve core can be pushed to move leftwards; one end of the second spring is abutted against the shell, and the other end of the second spring is abutted against the control plunger, so that the control plunger keeps the trend of moving rightwards to be far away from the valve core; a control cavity is formed between the right end of the control plunger and the shell, and the control cavity is communicated with the port A;
the axial movement of the valve core can control the port A and the port B to be alternately communicated with the port P, the left oil return cavity and the right oil return cavity; when the valve core is positioned at the right end position, the port A is communicated with the port P, the port B is communicated with the left oil return cavity, when the valve core is positioned at the left end position, the port B is communicated with the port P, and the port A is communicated with the right oil return cavity;
when the valve core is positioned at the right end position, and the pressure of the port A rises to the set pressure of the second spring, the pressure of the control cavity pushes the control plunger to move leftwards, so that the valve core is pushed to move leftwards relative to the shell, the port B is communicated with the port P, the port A is communicated with the right oil return cavity, and the valve core is kept at the left end position by the oil return back pressure in the right oil return cavity; when the valve core is positioned at the left end position and no oil flows in the right oil return cavity, the first spring pushes the valve core to move rightwards relative to the shell, so that the port A is communicated with the port P, the port B is communicated with the left oil return cavity, and the valve core is kept at the right end position by the first spring.
2. The automatic reversing device for the reciprocating pump according to claim 1, wherein a first oil passage, a second oil passage, and a third oil passage are provided on the housing;
one end of the first oil way is communicated with the left oil return cavity, and the other end of the first oil way is communicated with the T port; one end of the second oil way is communicated with the right oil return cavity, and the other end of the second oil way is communicated with the T port; one end of the third oil way is communicated with the control cavity, and the other end of the third oil way is communicated with the port A.
3. The automatic reversing device for a reciprocating pump according to claim 2, wherein an orifice is provided in the second oil passage.
4. The automatic reversing device for the reciprocating pump according to claim 2, wherein the valve body is provided with a first oil hole and a second oil hole, one end of the first oil hole is communicated with the left oil return cavity, the other end of the first oil hole is selectively communicated with the port B, one end of the second oil hole is communicated with the right oil return cavity, the other end of the second oil hole is selectively communicated with the port a, and an annular communicating groove is formed in the middle of the valve body and used for controlling the port P to be communicated with the port a or the port B.
5. The automatic reversing device for a reciprocating pump according to claim 4, wherein a chamber in which the left end of the control plunger is located communicates with the first oil hole.
6. The automatic reversing device for the reciprocating pump according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the housing is provided with a first connecting groove; the first connecting groove is located between the shell and the valve core, is an annular groove distributed along the axial direction, and is communicated with the port P.
7. The automatic reversing device for a reciprocating pump according to claim 4, wherein the housing is provided with a second connecting groove; the second connecting groove is located between the shell and the valve core and is an annular groove distributed along the axial direction, one end of the second connecting groove is communicated with the port B, and the other end of the second connecting groove is selectively communicated with the first oil hole.
8. The automatic reversing device for a reciprocating pump according to claim 4, wherein the housing is provided with a third connecting groove; the third connecting groove is located in an annular groove which is formed between the shell and the valve core and is distributed along the axial direction, one end of the third connecting groove is communicated with the port A, and the other end of the third connecting groove is selectively communicated with the second oil hole.
9. The automatic reversing device for the reciprocating pump according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the housing is of a split structure, and two ends of the housing are respectively provided with a detachable end cover.
CN202010079475.XA 2020-02-04 2020-02-04 Automatic reversing device for reciprocating pump Withdrawn CN111120445A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202010079475.XA CN111120445A (en) 2020-02-04 2020-02-04 Automatic reversing device for reciprocating pump

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202010079475.XA CN111120445A (en) 2020-02-04 2020-02-04 Automatic reversing device for reciprocating pump

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN111120445A true CN111120445A (en) 2020-05-08

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202010079475.XA Withdrawn CN111120445A (en) 2020-02-04 2020-02-04 Automatic reversing device for reciprocating pump

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN111120445A (en)

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Application publication date: 20200508