CN111115980A - High-efficiency subsurface flow constructed wetland system and sewage treatment method thereof - Google Patents
High-efficiency subsurface flow constructed wetland system and sewage treatment method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/16—Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/06—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment pH
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/08—Chemical Oxygen Demand [COD]; Biological Oxygen Demand [BOD]
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/10—Solids, e.g. total solids [TS], total suspended solids [TSS] or volatile solids [VS]
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/14—NH3-N
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/16—Total nitrogen (tkN-N)
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/18—PO4-P
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/22—O2
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/14—Maintenance of water treatment installations
Abstract
The invention provides an artificial wetland system of high-efficiency undercurrent, which comprises a multifunctional combined pool and a wetland unit, wherein sewage firstly intercepts suspended matters and floating impurities in the multifunctional combined pool and carries out hydrolytic acidification on a water body; and then filtering and biodegrading in the wetland unit, uniformly distributing water by adopting a drip irrigation system, dredging by adopting a membrane guide system, and purifying the water body. The constructed wetland system can be suitable for the characteristic of domestic sewage discharge of villages and towns to carry out sewage purification treatment, and is suitable for treating the sewage with the treatment scale not higher than 500m3A/d efficient undercurrent artificial wetland treatment system for treating sewage in villages and towns.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of high-efficiency undercurrent artificial wetlands, in particular to a high-efficiency undercurrent artificial wetland system for village and town sewage treatment.
Background
The domestic sewage of villages and small towns has the characteristics of dispersed emission sources, weak environmental awareness of people, insufficient facilities and economic conditions, large regional difference, large change of the sewage of the villages and small towns, difficult operation of biochemical process and the like, and is lack of deep and systematic research on the treatment of the sewage of the villages and small towns. Therefore, the research and the popularization of the village and town sewage treatment system which is suitable for the characteristics and the economic strength of the villages and the towns in China have very important theoretical and application significance.
The artificial wetland is a sewage treatment technology developed in the end of the 70 s of the 20 th century, and is characterized in that: the effluent has good quality, strong nitrogen and phosphorus treatment capacity, convenient operation and maintenance, simple management and low investment and operation cost. According to the relevant data, the investment and the operation cost of the artificial wetland only account for 10 to 50 percent of the traditional secondary biochemical treatment technology. Is suitable for small communities with incomplete sewage pipe networks in small and medium towns, villages and suburbs with low capital, energy shortage and technical talent shortage, and the like.
The artificial wetland treatment system is a system which controllably puts sewage on the wetland, enables the sewage to flow along a certain direction, realizes sewage purification through the combined action of the soil, artificial media, plants and microorganisms, and enables the treated water body to flow out at a terminal. The artificial wetland in the traditional sense generally operates as advanced treatment after a biochemical system, and the artificial wetland can be independently used as a technical system for efficiently treating water pollution instead of being used as an application technology for the advanced treatment, so that the application of the artificial wetland technology in sewage in villages and towns in China is developed.
The water flow state of the artificial wetland system is an important factor for maintaining the normal operation of the system and enabling the system to fully exert the purification effect, but after the system is blocked, the permeability coefficient of the matrix is rapidly reduced, the water passing capacity is reduced, a large amount of sewage introduced into the wetland system is directly accumulated on the surface of the wetland, and long-term water accumulation causes stink, so that mosquitoes and flies are bred, and the operation environment is deteriorated; water blocking also prevents oxygen from diffusing into the substrate layer, so that the removal effect of pollutants (especially organic matters and ammonia nitrogen) is reduced, the effluent index cannot reach the design standard, and the service life of the artificial wetland is shortened.
The artificial wetland generally occupies a large area, has low hydraulic load and poor operation effect in winter, and the developed patent technology mainly solves the problems of large occupied area, poor regulation capability, easy blockage, poor operation effect of the wetland in winter and the like.
Aiming at the difficulties, the method is developed and applicable to the treatment scale of not more than 500m according to the characteristics of sewage component composition on the basis of the deep research on the traditional artificial wetland3A/d efficient undercurrent artificial wetland treatment system for treating sewage in villages and towns.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems and provides a high-efficiency subsurface flow constructed wetland system which can adapt to the sewage treatment characteristics of village and town residents.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
an artificial wetland system with high-efficiency subsurface flow comprises a multifunctional combined pool and wetland units, wherein sewage firstly intercepts suspended matters and floating impurities in the multifunctional combined pool and hydrolyzes and acidifies a water body; and then filtering and biodegrading in the wetland unit, uniformly distributing water by adopting a drip irrigation system, dredging by adopting a membrane guide system, and purifying the water body.
Furthermore, the multifunctional combined tank is divided into an upper layer structure and a lower layer structure, the upper layer structure is a two-lattice grating tank, one lattice is a mechanical grating, the other lattice is an artificial grating, and suspended matters and floating impurities are intercepted; the underlying structure is hydrolysis acidification equalizing basin, and upper grid pond play water flows to hydrolysis acidification bottom of the pool portion through interior baffling board gravity automatically, hydrolyzes through the acid bacteria in the pond, and 2/3 department is equipped with the elevator pump and draws sewage in the many function combination pond.
Furthermore, a three-dimensional elastic combined filler is arranged in the hydrolysis acidification adjusting tank, the stirred wastewater is subjected to hydraulic cutting, and the filler is made of polypropylene and/or polyethylene.
Furthermore, a plurality of funnel-shaped collectors are arranged at the bottom of the multifunctional combined tank, and collected sludge is discharged periodically.
And furthermore, a suction self-cleaning screen filter is arranged between the multifunctional combined pool and the wetland unit and comprises a filter body, a coarse filter screen, a fine filter chamber, a flushing valve and a flushing controller, sewage passing through the suction self-cleaning screen filter is firstly filtered through the coarse filter screen and the fine filter screen in two stages, pollutants larger than 100 mu m are intercepted on the filter screens, effluent enters the wetland unit, when the pressure difference between the inside and the outside on the filter screens is larger than a preset value, the controller opens the flushing valve, backwash water is sucked by utilizing the change of the pressure difference to flush the pollutants on the filter screens, and the sewage is discharged through the flushing valve.
Furthermore, the wetland unit is laid with a polyethylene geotechnical cloth layer, a first coarse sand layer, a first gravel layer, a steel wire mesh layer, a second gravel layer, a second coarse sand layer and a planting soil layer from bottom to top in sequence.
Further, the polyethylene geotextile layer is paved by a polyethylene plastic film with the thickness of 0.5mm, and geotextile with the density of 500g/m2 is padded at two sides; the thickness of the first coarse sand layer is 100mm, the thickness of the first gravel layer is 500mm, and the particle diameter of gravel is phi 100-150 mm; the aperture of the steel wire mesh layer is 10 x 10mm, and the diameter of the steel wire is 0.6 mm; the thickness of the second gravel layer is 200mm, and the particle size of the gravel is phi 10-15 mm; the thickness of the second coarse sand layer is 200 mm; the thickness of planting the soil layer is 200mm, plants aquatic plants in the soil layer.
Furthermore, the artificial wetland system is formed by sequentially connecting a plurality of wetland units.
Furthermore, the drip irrigation system of the wetland unit is laid on the second gravel layer, enters the wetland unit from a main water distribution pipe, is laid in the wetland unit in parallel by two branch water distribution pipes, and the branch water distribution pipes adopt patch-type drip irrigation belts which comprise patches, turbulent flow channels and filter windows which are communicated in sequence.
Furthermore, the membrane guide system of the wetland unit is that Chinese character feng water collecting pipes are laid on the first gravel layer, the aperture of the water collecting holes is phi 20mm, and the distance between the water collecting pipes which are arranged in parallel is 150 mm.
Further, the constructed wetland system is used for purifying and treating domestic sewage of villages and towns.
A sewage treatment method comprises the steps that domestic sewage flows into a multifunctional combined pool, mechanical grids or artificial grids work at intervals according to the needs of cleaning and fishing, and a lifting pump pumps the sewage in the combined pool once at intervals of 3 hours;
the using number of the wetland units is selected according to the requirement of the liquid level height, the wetland units are operated at a high liquid level in summer, the liquid level reaches plants on a planting soil layer, the wetland units are operated at a medium liquid level in spring and autumn, the liquid level reaches a second coarse sand layer, the wetland units are operated at a low liquid level in winter, and the liquid level reaches a second gravel layer;
at the initial stage of the operation of the wetland unit, opening a water outlet valve of the water collecting pipe, and discharging accumulated matters adsorbed by each layer of sewage through the water collecting pipe;
and in the later stage of the operation of the wetland unit, closing the water outlet valve of the water collecting pipe, enabling the sewage to stay in the wetland unit for 24 hours in a hydraulic power mode, enabling the aged biological membranes in all layers to fall off into water, instantly opening the water outlet valve of the water collecting pipe, enabling the aged biological membranes to fall off into the membrane guide system, and discharging the aged biological membranes out of the artificial wetland system.
By adopting the technical scheme, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
firstly, the constructed wetland system of the invention can be suitable for the characteristic of domestic sewage discharge of villages and towns to carry out sewage purification treatment, and is suitable for treating the sewage with the treatment scale not higher than 500m3A/d efficient undercurrent artificial wetland treatment system for treating sewage in villages and towns.
Secondly, the multifunctional combined pool of the invention: can adjust the instantaneous change of water quality and water quantity; the biodegradability of the wastewater is improved, and macromolecular organic matters are converted into micromolecules; the design flexibility of the pool body is higher, and the pool can be transformed into other functional pools according to the combination of the water quality requirements of the incoming water.
Thirdly, the wetland units can flexibly adjust the using number of the wetland units, the wetland units have small occupied area and high hydraulic load, can adapt to the environmental problem of overwintering in winter, effectively prevent the wetland blockage situation, keep the wetland water smooth and have strong purification capacity.
Fourth, this patent adopts drip irrigation system to carry out the uniform water distribution, improves the treatment effeciency of wetland, guarantees that the pollution load of wetland input is unanimous, prevents the emergence in short circuit flow and stagnant water district, slows down the jam of wetland. The membrane guide system can regularly discharge sediments, intercepted matters and peeled biological membranes generated in the operation process of the wetland out of the wetland unit, thereby ensuring the smooth water flow in the wetland.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an artificial wetland system of the invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a drip irrigation system and a membrane guide system of the wetland unit of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic view of the laying structure of the wetland unit of the invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the drip irrigation tape of the present invention.
The system comprises a multifunctional combined pool 1, a suction self-cleaning net type filter 2, a wetland unit 3, a grid pool 4, a hydrolysis acidification adjusting pool 5, a drip irrigation system 6, a patch 61, a patch 62, a turbulent flow channel 63, a filter window 7 and a guide membrane system
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the block diagrams and specific examples are set forth only for the purpose of illustrating the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
Detailed Description
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the artificial wetland system of high-efficiency subsurface flow comprises a multifunctional combined pool 1 and wetland units 3, wherein sewage firstly intercepts suspended matters and floating impurities in the multifunctional combined pool, and hydrolyzes and acidifies a water body; and then filtering and biodegrading in the wetland unit, uniformly distributing water by adopting a drip irrigation system 6, discharging silt by adopting a membrane guide system 7, and purifying a water body.
The multifunctional combined tank is divided into an upper layer structure and a lower layer structure, the upper layer structure is a two-grid tank 4, one grid is a mechanical grid, the other grid is an artificial grid, and suspended matters and floating impurities are intercepted; the substructure is hydrolysis acidification equalizing basin 5, and upper grid pond effluent is through interior baffling board gravity flow to hydrolysis acidification bottom of the pool portion of flowing automatically for whole pond is in complete mixing state, and the dwell time and the upward flow of control hydrolysis acidification pond make the reaction be in the acidizing stage, and hydrolysis reaction relies on the ectoenzyme of acidizing bacterium to accomplish, and 2/3 department is equipped with elevator pump extraction sewage in multi-functional combination pond.
And arranging a three-dimensional elastic combined filler in the hydrolysis acidification adjusting tank, and performing hydraulic cutting on the stirred wastewater, wherein the filler is made of polypropylene and/or polyethylene. And performing hydraulic cutting on the stirred wastewater, and prolonging the hydraulic retention time to fully mix the suspended sludge and water. Provides favorable conditions for the growth of hydrolytic acidification bacteria. The combined filler is fixed in the hydrolysis acidification adjusting tank through an outer frame welded by angle steel, and the filler is fixed at a position 1m away from the bottom of the tank.
Preferably, a plurality of funnel-shaped collectors are further arranged at the bottom of the multifunctional combined tank, and collected sludge is discharged periodically.
A suction self-cleaning net type filter 2 is arranged between the multifunctional combined pool and the wetland unit and comprises a filter body, a coarse filter screen, a fine filter chamber, a flushing valve and a flushing controller, sewage passing through the suction self-cleaning net type filter is firstly filtered through the coarse filter screen and the fine filter screen in two stages, pollutants larger than 100 mu m are intercepted on the filter screens, effluent enters the wetland unit, when the pressure difference between the inside and the outside on the filter screens is larger than a preset value, the controller opens the flushing valve, backwashing water is sucked by using the change of the pressure difference to flush the filth on the filter screens, and the filth is discharged through the flushing valve.
After entering the suction self-cleaning net type filter, water flow firstly passes through the coarse filter screen and then enters the fine filter chamber, pollutants larger than 100um are intercepted by the fine filter screen, the outlet water is purified water, the blockage of the artificial wetland is reduced by using the filter, and the replacement period of the artificial wetland filler is delayed.
Dirt accumulates on the fine screen, creating a pressure differential between the inner and outer surfaces of the screen. When the pressure differential reaches a preset value, a self-cleaning cycle is initiated. The differential pressure sensor sends a signal to the controller to activate it to open the flush valve so that the pressure in the hydraulic motor chamber, the dirt collector and the suction nozzle is reduced to atmospheric pressure. The pressure difference between the inner surface (sewage) of the fine filter screen opposite to the suction nozzle and the outer surface (clean water) of the fine filter screen is caused, a strand of backwash water with strong suction force is generated to clean the dirt on the filter screen opposite to the suction nozzle, and the dirt is discharged by the flush valve.
The backwashing water drives the dirt collector to rotate when passing through the hydraulic motor, so that the suction nozzle sucks and cleans the dirt on the whole filter screen. When the filter screen is washed clean, the controller closes the flushing valve, and the equipment automatically restores to the full-filtering state. The whole backwashing process only needs a few seconds, and the mainstream is uninterrupted in the backwashing process, and the filter element does not need to be replaced. The main flow of the flushing water is only 1 percent.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the wetland unit is sequentially paved with a polyethylene geotextile layer, a first coarse sand layer, a first gravel layer, a steel wire mesh layer, a second gravel layer, a second coarse sand layer and a planting soil layer from bottom to top.
Wherein the polyethylene geotextile layer is laid by a polyethylene plastic film with the thickness of 0.5mm, and geotextile with the density of 500g/m2 is padded at the two sides; the thickness of the first coarse sand layer is 100mm, the thickness of the first gravel layer is 500mm, and the particle diameter of gravel is phi 100-150 mm; the aperture of the steel wire mesh layer is 10 x 10mm, and the diameter of the steel wire is 0.6 mm; the thickness of the second gravel layer is 200mm, and the particle size of the gravel is phi 10-15 mm; the thickness of the second coarse sand layer is 200 mm; the thickness of planting the soil layer is 200mm, plants aquatic plants in the soil layer.
The constructed wetland system is formed by sequentially connecting a plurality of wetland units, the hydraulic retention time of the subsurface flow vertical flow constructed wetland is 3-5 d in the traditional sense, and the hydraulic retention time of the wetland units is 1d, so that the occupied area is greatly reduced, and the hydraulic load is greatly improved.
The drip irrigation system of the wetland unit is laid on the second gravel layer, enters the wetland unit from a main water distribution pipe, and is laid in the wetland unit in parallel from two branch water distribution pipes, the branch water distribution pipes adopt patch type drip irrigation belts, and each patch type drip irrigation belt comprises a patch 61, a turbulent flow channel 62 and a filter window 63 which are sequentially communicated.
Water in the drip irrigation tape flows through the patch firstly, enters the filter window after flowing through the turbulent flow channel and then flows out through the dripper. The dripper flow channel is a turbulent flow channel, as shown in fig. 4, water drips uniformly from one stable state to another stable state, uniform water filling can be realized, and meanwhile, the dripper is provided with a filtering window and has good anti-blocking performance. The dripper mould can be changed to different soil of different crops and the drip irrigation zone of different water dripping performance easily realizes accurate irrigation. Drip irrigation belts are used for local irrigation by sending water to the roots of crops through orifices or drippers on capillary tubes with the diameter of about 10mm by using plastic pipes. The patch type drip irrigation tape is an integrated drip irrigation tape with a flat dripper embedded on the inner wall of a pipe tape, the drip holes of the patch type drip irrigation tape are finished by a mechanical punching method, and a residue recovery system is arranged, so that the punching speed is high, and no residue and residue are left. The dripper and the pipeline have strong integrity.
Meanwhile, when the drip irrigation tape is laid, the water outlet of the dripper can be artificially upward, the specific gravity of impurities contained in water after water is introduced is greater than that of water, the impurities can be deposited at the bottom of the drip irrigation tape, and the impurities are discharged from the tail of the drip irrigation tape when the drip irrigation tape is cleaned, so that the blockage of the dripper cannot be caused. Not only can ensure the reliability of the system operation, but also can simplify the structure of the filtering device and reduce the high cost required by water quality treatment.
The membrane guide system of the wetland unit is characterized in that a Tou-shaped water collecting pipe is laid on a first gravel layer, the aperture of a water collecting hole is phi 20, the distance between the water collecting pipes which are arranged in parallel is 150mm, and the membrane guide system is used for discharging silt and purifying a water body.
The artificial wetland system is used for purifying domestic sewage of villages and towns. In view of the non-uniformity of the water consumption of residents at the joint of villages and towns and suburbs, the multifunctional combined pool is used for adjusting the sewage quantity, the main water consumption time is concentrated at 3 time points in the morning, the middle and the evening according to the characteristic analysis of the water consumption time of the residents, the flow is maximum at 6: 00-8: 00 in the morning and 17: 00-20: 00 in the afternoon, the water consumption time of the maximum time point is generally not more than 3 hours, the adjusting time of the multifunctional combined pool is designed to be 3 hours at this time, the collection of sewage at the peak time of water consumption is relieved in time, a lifting pump is arranged in the combined pool, and the sewage in the adjusting pool can be.
The water inlet of the constructed wetland system is the water outlet after the suction self-cleaning net type filter, the water quality parameters of pH 6-7.2, DO 0.01-0.05, TSS 45-62mg/L, CODcr 124-200mg/L, BOD5 66-96mg/L, TN 65-75mg/L, NH 4-N30.5-45 mg/L and TP 4.8-5.3 mg/L.
In the system operation process, a continuous water inlet mode is adopted, the operation in the wetland unit is more than 12 months, and the pH and DO of the effluent respectively have the following effects: 6.9-7.2, 3.9-4.9 mg/L. Wherein the TSS removal rate is 50-70%, the CODcr removal rate is 52.3-72.5%, the BOD5 removal rate is 51-70.4%, the TN removal rate is 26.3-43.9%, the NH4-N removal rate is 56.4-85.4%, and the TP removal rate is 85-94.8%.
Example 3
In the initial stage of the operation of the artificial wetland, fine clay particles in the filler and a plurality of deposited SS form a compact impervious layer together, extracellular polymers continuously agglomerate and adsorb suspended or colloidal substrates with different particle sizes, further, flocculent accumulations with large particle sizes are formed, organic matters and inorganic matters are accumulated together to block the pores of the filler, an aged and fallen biological membrane system needs to be led out in time, and sediments, intercepted matters and stripped biological membranes generated in the operation process of the wetland are discharged out of a wetland unit by a water outlet pipe in a water collecting tank regularly to ensure smooth water flow in the wetland. When the membrane guide device is started, a valve on a water outlet pipe in the artificial wetland water collecting tank is closed, so that filler in the wetland is in a full water infiltration state, the hydraulic infiltration time is 24 hours, so that an aged biological membrane on the filler is easy to fall off and enter water, then the valve is instantly opened, and under the impact of a pressure water flow state in the artificial wetland, the aged biological membrane falls off and enters a membrane guide system, namely a water collecting system, is guided into the water collecting tank and is discharged out of the artificial wetland system.
The invention provides a sewage treatment method by using an artificial wetland system, which comprises the following steps: domestic sewage flows into the multifunctional combined tank, mechanical gratings or artificial gratings work at intervals according to the cleaning and fishing requirements, and a lifting pump pumps the sewage in the combined tank once at intervals of 3 hours;
the using number of the wetland units is selected according to the requirement of the liquid level height, the wetland units are operated at a high liquid level in summer, the liquid level reaches plants on a planting soil layer, the wetland units are operated at a medium liquid level in spring and autumn, the liquid level reaches a second coarse sand layer, the wetland units are operated at a low liquid level in winter, and the liquid level reaches a second gravel layer;
at the initial stage of the operation of the wetland unit, opening a water outlet valve of the water collecting pipe, and discharging accumulated matters adsorbed by each layer of sewage through the water collecting pipe;
and in the later stage of the operation of the wetland unit, closing the water outlet valve of the water collecting pipe, enabling the sewage to stay in the wetland unit for 24 hours in a hydraulic power mode, enabling the aged biological membranes in all layers to fall off into water, instantly opening the water outlet valve of the water collecting pipe, enabling the aged biological membranes to fall off into the membrane guide system, and discharging the aged biological membranes out of the artificial wetland system.
The water inlet of the high-efficiency subsurface flow constructed wetland system is municipal sewage in a suburb of Liaoning city, the water quality parameters of pH are 7.2-8.0, and DO is 0.03-0.13. The method is adopted for sewage treatment.
When the high-efficiency subsurface flow constructed wetland system is operated for more than 12 months, the pH and DO of the effluent respectively have the following effects: 6.9-7.2, 3.9-4.9 mg/L. Wherein the TSS removal rate is 85-92.2%, the CODcr removal rate is 86.7-94.6%, the BOD5 removal rate is 83.2-90.3%, the TN removal rate is 35%, the NH4-N removal rate is 78.6-86.2%, and the TP removal rate is 85-95%.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express the embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (12)
1. An artificial wetland system with high-efficiency subsurface flow comprises a multifunctional combined pool and wetland units, and is characterized in that sewage firstly intercepts suspended matters and floating impurities in the multifunctional combined pool and carries out hydrolytic acidification on a water body; and then filtering and biodegrading in the wetland unit, uniformly distributing water by adopting a drip irrigation system, dredging by adopting a membrane guide system, and purifying the water body.
2. The constructed wetland system of claim 1, wherein the multifunctional combined tank is divided into an upper layer structure and a lower layer structure, the upper layer structure is a two-lattice grating tank, one lattice is a mechanical grating, the other lattice is an artificial grating, and suspended matters and floating impurities are intercepted; the underlying structure is hydrolysis acidification equalizing basin, and upper grid pond play water flows to hydrolysis acidification bottom of the pool portion through interior baffling board gravity automatically, hydrolyzes through the acid bacteria in the pond, and 2/3 department is equipped with the elevator pump and draws sewage in the many function combination pond.
3. The constructed wetland system of claim 2, wherein a three-dimensional elastic combined filler is arranged in the hydrolysis acidification adjusting tank to perform hydraulic cutting on the stirred wastewater, and the filler is made of polypropylene and/or polyethylene.
4. The constructed wetland system of claim 2, wherein a plurality of funnel-shaped collectors are provided at the bottom of the multipurpose composite tank, and the collected sludge is periodically discharged.
5. The constructed wetland system of claim 2, wherein a suction self-cleaning screen filter is disposed between the multifunctional assembled tank and the wetland unit, and comprises a filter body, a coarse filter screen, a fine filter chamber, a flushing valve and a flushing controller, wherein the sewage passing through the suction self-cleaning screen filter is firstly filtered by the coarse filter screen and the fine filter screen in two stages, the pollutants larger than 100 μm are trapped on the filter screen, the effluent enters the wetland unit, and when the pressure difference between the inside and the outside on the filter screen is larger than a preset value, the controller opens the flushing valve, so that the sewage is flushed by the backwashing water through the filter screen and is discharged through the flushing valve.
6. The constructed wetland system of claim 1, wherein the wetland unit is sequentially paved with a polyethylene geotextile layer, a first coarse sand layer, a first gravel layer, a steel wire mesh layer, a second gravel layer, a second coarse sand layer and a planting soil layer from bottom to top.
7. The constructed wetland system of claim 6, wherein the polyethylene geotextile layer is laid with a polyethylene plastic film having a thickness of 0.5mm and a liner density of 500g/m on both sides2The geotextile of (1); the thickness of the first coarse sand layer is 100mm,the thickness of the first gravel layer is 500mm, and the particle size of the gravel is phi 100-150 mm; the aperture of the steel wire mesh layer is 10 x 10mm, and the diameter of the steel wire is 0.6 mm; the thickness of the second gravel layer is 200mm, and the particle size of the gravel is phi 10-15 mm; the thickness of the second coarse sand layer is 200 mm; the thickness of planting the soil layer is 200mm, plants aquatic plants in the soil layer.
8. The constructed wetland system of claim 6, wherein the constructed wetland system is composed of a plurality of wetland units which are connected in sequence.
9. The constructed wetland system of claim 8, wherein the drip irrigation system of the wetland unit is laid on the second gravel layer, enters the wetland unit from a main water distribution pipe, and is laid in the wetland unit in parallel from two branch water distribution pipes, the branch water distribution pipes are patch-type drip irrigation belts, and each patch-type drip irrigation belt comprises a patch, a turbulent flow channel and a filter window which are sequentially communicated.
10. The constructed wetland system of claim 9, wherein the membrane guide system of the wetland unit is a Chinese character feng water collecting pipe laid on the first gravel layer, the aperture of the water collecting hole is phi 20mm, and the distance between the water collecting pipes arranged in parallel is 150 mm.
11. The constructed wetland system of any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the constructed wetland system is used for purifying domestic sewage in villages and towns.
12. A sewage treatment method using the constructed wetland system of claim 6,
domestic sewage flows into the multifunctional combined tank, mechanical gratings or artificial gratings work at intervals according to the cleaning and fishing requirements, and a lifting pump pumps the sewage in the combined tank once at intervals of 3 hours;
the using number of the wetland units is selected according to the requirement of the liquid level height, the wetland units are operated at a high liquid level in summer, the liquid level reaches plants on a planting soil layer, the wetland units are operated at a medium liquid level in spring and autumn, the liquid level reaches a second coarse sand layer, the wetland units are operated at a low liquid level in winter, and the liquid level reaches a second gravel layer;
at the initial stage of the operation of the wetland unit, opening a water outlet valve of the water collecting pipe, and discharging accumulated matters adsorbed by each layer of sewage through the water collecting pipe;
and in the later stage of the operation of the wetland unit, closing the water outlet valve of the water collecting pipe, enabling the sewage to stay in the wetland unit for 24 hours in a hydraulic power mode, enabling the aged biological membranes in all layers to fall off into water, instantly opening the water outlet valve of the water collecting pipe, enabling the aged biological membranes to fall off into the membrane guide system, and discharging the aged biological membranes out of the artificial wetland system.
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| CN112897801A (en) * | 2021-01-11 | 2021-06-04 | 岭南水务集团有限公司 | Efficient composite flow constructed wetland system and implementation method thereof |
| CN116395833A (en) * | 2023-04-19 | 2023-07-07 | 生态环境部土壤与农业农村生态环境监管技术中心 | Constructed wetland blocking positioning and relieving device and method based on water flow change |
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