CN111112822A - Linear friction welding method - Google Patents
Linear friction welding method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111112822A CN111112822A CN202010006151.3A CN202010006151A CN111112822A CN 111112822 A CN111112822 A CN 111112822A CN 202010006151 A CN202010006151 A CN 202010006151A CN 111112822 A CN111112822 A CN 111112822A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- welded
- welding
- workpieces
- workpiece
- linear friction
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K33/00—Specially-profiled edge portions of workpieces for making soldering or welding connections; Filling the seams formed thereby
Abstract
The invention discloses a linear friction welding method, which comprises the following steps: s1, selecting two workpieces to be welded; s2, processing the welding end of the front part of one or two workpieces to be welded into a tip, wherein the tip is a plane, and the side surface of the workpiece to be welded is a plane or a curved surface; and S3, welding the two workpieces to be welded by adopting linear friction welding equipment. The welding end of the workpiece to be welded is designed to be a tip, so that the linear friction welding equipment can weld the workpiece to be welded with the welding area which is several times of the original maximum welding area; compared with other welding joint preheating methods and electrifying heating methods, the scheme of the invention does not need additional devices, and is easier to realize engineering application. The invention is applied to the technical field of welding.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of welding, in particular to a linear friction welding method.
Background
The principle of the welding process of linear friction welding is that one workpiece vibrates in a reciprocating mode at high frequency, the other workpiece is in contact with the vibrating workpiece under the action of certain friction pressure and generates mutual friction to generate friction heat, and finally a connecting joint is formed. Whether the joint can form a good joint depends on whether enough heat input is generated in unit area, for the same material, the larger the sectional area is, the larger the excitation force of the required equipment is, if the tonnage of the equipment is not enough, the interface temperature is too low, the welding quality is poor, the joint is even locked, and the extrusion of plastic materials and the formation of a welding line cannot be realized. Generally, the cross section of the welded parts exceeds the capacity of the equipment, and only the linear friction welding equipment with larger tonnage is developed for welding.
The japanese IHI corporation has invented a method of preheating the joining surface of the parts to be joined to a predetermined temperature before joining (JP2014088857A), and the required exciting force is reduced due to softening of the material, thereby reducing the requirement for large-tonnage equipment when welding large-area test pieces.
The solution proposed by the linear friction-current combined heat source welding method (patent number: CN105562953A) and the current-carrying linear friction welding device (patent number: CN102303184A) is to introduce current into a friction pair and heat a welding interface by resistance heat, so that the requirement on friction heat can be reduced, the load of a machine tool is reduced, and the welding quality of a workpiece with a large welding area is improved to a certain extent.
However, in the solutions disclosed in the prior art and in the patent documents, the maximum solderable area is still low in the case of limited soldering equipment.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
A linear friction welding method enables a linear friction welding device to weld a workpiece to be welded, which is several times as large as the maximum welding area of the device.
(II) technical scheme
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a linear friction welding method, which comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting two workpieces to be welded;
s2, processing the welding end of the front part of one or two workpieces to be welded into a tip, wherein the tip is a plane, and the side surface of the workpiece to be welded is a plane or a curved surface;
and S3, welding the two workpieces to be welded by adopting linear friction welding equipment.
In a further improvement, the two workpieces to be welded are made of homogeneous materials or heterogeneous materials.
In a further improvement, when the two workpieces to be welded are heterogeneous materials, in step S2, the tips of the two workpieces to be welded have different sizes and the angles of the tips of the two workpieces to be welded are different. The tip shape and size should be determined by a skilled artisan based on process experimentation, and it can be determined that the tip shape and size should not be the same on both sides.
In a further improvement, the area of the tip is 1/3-2/3 of the cross section of the rear part of the workpiece to be welded.
In a further improvement, when the side surface of the workpiece to be welded is a plane, the tip of the front part of the workpiece to be welded is in the shape of an oblique boss, and the inclination angle of the oblique boss is 30-60 degrees.
(III) advantageous effects
In the invention, when welding, the welding end of the workpiece to be welded is processed into a tip, and because the interface sectional area is smaller at the beginning of welding, the heat can be generated by friction and the flash can be extruded and shortened continuously by needing lower output power; the metal at the rear part of the workpiece to be welded is heated and softened due to the heat conduction effect during welding, the cross section area of the interface is increased along with the continuous increase of the shortening amount, the required output power is increased, but the required heat input power curve can be gradually increased in a stable trend due to the fact that the metal is heated and softened.
Compared with the prior art, the scheme of the invention has the following progress points:
(1) the welding end of the workpiece to be welded is designed to be a tip, so that the linear friction welding equipment can weld the workpiece to be welded with the welding area which is several times of the original maximum welding area;
(2) compared with other welding joint preheating methods and electrifying heating methods, the scheme of the invention does not need additional devices, and is easier to realize engineering application.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a linear friction welding principle;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a prior art linear friction weld;
FIG. 3 is a schematic welding view of two workpieces to be welded with their welding ends pointed;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a weld with only one of the weld ends of the work piece to be welded being pointed;
FIG. 5 is a graph comparing power requirements for a prior art weld and a weld of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of welding when the tip of the front portion of the workpiece to be welded is in the shape of an oblique boss.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the present invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
Referring to fig. 1 to 6, a linear friction welding method includes the following steps:
s1, selecting two workpieces to be welded;
s2, processing the welding end of the front part of one or two workpieces to be welded into a tip, wherein the tip is a plane, and the side surface of the workpiece to be welded is a plane or a curved surface;
and S3, welding the two workpieces to be welded by adopting linear friction welding equipment.
Referring to fig. 2, in the prior art, during linear friction welding, in general, a welding end of a workpiece to be welded is a welding joint with an equal cross section, the requirement on the output power of equipment is highest at the welding start time, at this time, the material strength is highest at room temperature, so that a larger friction force needs to be overcome to enable the welding process to be performed, as the welding process is performed, the temperature on an interface rises, the material strength decreases, and the required output power decreases, therefore, when the sectional area of the part is larger and exceeds the output power capability of the equipment, a good joint cannot be formed, some parts are mainly due to the insufficient initial output power of the equipment.
In the embodiment, when welding, the welding end of the workpiece to be welded is processed into a tip, and because the interface sectional area is smaller at the beginning of welding, heat can be generated by friction and flash can be extruded and continuously shortened by needing lower output power; the metal at the rear part of the workpiece to be welded is heated and softened due to the heat conduction effect during welding, the cross section area of the interface is increased along with the continuous increase of the shortening amount, the required output power is increased, but the required heat input power curve can be gradually increased in a stable trend due to the fact that the metal is heated and softened.
Compared with the prior art, the scheme of the embodiment has the following progress points:
(1) the welding end of the workpiece to be welded is designed to be a tip, so that the linear friction welding equipment can weld the workpiece to be welded with the welding area which is several times of the original maximum welding area;
(2) compared with other welding joint preheating methods and electrifying heating methods, the scheme of the embodiment does not need an additional device, and engineering application is easier to realize.
In fig. 5, the original power curve is a curve of the welding power with time in the prior art, and the current power curve is a curve of the welding power with time in the embodiment of the present invention.
In this embodiment, as a further improvement of the above technical solution, the two workpieces to be welded are made of a homogeneous material or a heterogeneous material. The two workpieces to be welded are made of the same material, and the two workpieces to be welded are made of different materials. Specifically, the two workpieces to be welded are made of titanium alloy material, and titanium alloy is especially an important material for manufacturing airplanes, so that the scheme of the embodiment is very suitable for welding airplane parts.
In this embodiment, as a further improvement of the above technical solution, when the two workpieces to be welded are made of heterogeneous materials, in step S2, the tips of the two workpieces to be welded have different sizes, and the angles of the tips of the two workpieces to be welded are different. The tip shape and size should be determined by a skilled artisan based on process experimentation, and it can be determined that the tip shape and size should not be the same on both sides.
In the embodiment, as a further improvement of the above technical solution, the size of the area of the tip end face of the workpiece to be welded is related to the physical parameters of the workpiece to be welded, such as high-temperature strength, heat capacity, and heat conductivity, and is also a parameter that needs to be determined by first performing process optimization when the joint design method is applied in engineering, for a general titanium alloy material, the area of the tip is 1/3-2/3 of the cross section of the rear part of the workpiece to be welded, and preferably, the area of the tip is 1/3 of the cross section of the rear part of the workpiece to be welded.
In the prior art, a certain titanium alloy airplane structure is connected by linear friction welding, and the welding sectional area reaches 7500mm2And the defects of holes, weak bonding and the like appear on the welding interface 1 due to insufficient heat input amount in the welding process by adopting 60-ton linear friction welding equipment.
In order to overcome the above defect, in this embodiment, when the side surface of the to-be-welded workpiece is a plane, the tip of the front portion of the to-be-welded workpiece is in the shape of an oblique boss, an inclination angle of the oblique boss is 30 ° to 60 °, and preferably, an inclination angle of the oblique boss is 45 °. Preferably, the area of the tip end surface is 3900mm2And the height of the inclined boss is 10 mm. A in fig. 6 indicates the shortening range.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A linear friction welding method, characterized by comprising the steps of:
s1, selecting two workpieces to be welded;
s2, processing the welding end of the front part of one or two workpieces to be welded into a tip, wherein the tip is a plane, and the side surface of the workpiece to be welded is a plane or a curved surface;
and S3, welding the two workpieces to be welded by adopting linear friction welding equipment.
2. A linear friction welding method according to claim 1, characterized in that the two workpieces to be welded are of homogeneous material or heterogeneous material.
3. The linear friction welding method according to claim 2, wherein when the two workpieces to be welded are heterogeneous materials, the tips of the two workpieces to be welded are different in size and the angles of the tips of the two workpieces to be welded are different in step S2.
4. The linear friction welding method according to claim 1, characterized in that the area of the tip is 1/3 to 2/3 of the cross section of the rear portion of the workpiece to be welded.
5. The linear friction welding method according to claim 1, wherein when the side of the workpiece to be welded is a plane, the tip of the front portion of the workpiece to be welded is in the shape of an oblique boss, and the oblique angle of the oblique boss is 30 ° to 60 °.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010006151.3A CN111112822A (en) | 2020-01-03 | 2020-01-03 | Linear friction welding method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010006151.3A CN111112822A (en) | 2020-01-03 | 2020-01-03 | Linear friction welding method |
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| CN111112822A true CN111112822A (en) | 2020-05-08 |
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| CN202010006151.3A Pending CN111112822A (en) | 2020-01-03 | 2020-01-03 | Linear friction welding method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112756769A (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2021-05-07 | 西安理工大学 | Titanium alloy friction welding joint optimization method based on thermal coupling condition |
Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SU1486302A1 (en) * | 1987-05-27 | 1989-06-15 | Vni Pi Tugoplavkikh Metall | Method of friction welding |
| JP2002283067A (en) * | 2001-03-21 | 2002-10-02 | Japan Science & Technology Corp | Friction welding method for amorphous alloy and welding member |
| EP1555081A1 (en) * | 2004-01-15 | 2005-07-20 | ROLLS-ROYCE plc | Friction welding process |
| EP2987583A1 (en) * | 2014-08-06 | 2016-02-24 | Rolls-Royce plc | Rotary friction welding of tubular workpieces |
| US9321125B2 (en) * | 2012-07-06 | 2016-04-26 | Snecma | Parts assembled through friction welding |
| CN107775184A (en) * | 2016-08-26 | 2018-03-09 | 劳斯莱斯有限公司 | Friction-welding technique |
| CN109332993A (en) * | 2018-11-15 | 2019-02-15 | 中国航空制造技术研究院 | A kind of welding repair method of thin wall vane structure |
| EP3581317A1 (en) * | 2018-06-11 | 2019-12-18 | Rolls-Royce plc | A method of linear friction welding |
-
2020
- 2020-01-03 CN CN202010006151.3A patent/CN111112822A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SU1486302A1 (en) * | 1987-05-27 | 1989-06-15 | Vni Pi Tugoplavkikh Metall | Method of friction welding |
| JP2002283067A (en) * | 2001-03-21 | 2002-10-02 | Japan Science & Technology Corp | Friction welding method for amorphous alloy and welding member |
| EP1555081A1 (en) * | 2004-01-15 | 2005-07-20 | ROLLS-ROYCE plc | Friction welding process |
| US9321125B2 (en) * | 2012-07-06 | 2016-04-26 | Snecma | Parts assembled through friction welding |
| EP2987583A1 (en) * | 2014-08-06 | 2016-02-24 | Rolls-Royce plc | Rotary friction welding of tubular workpieces |
| CN107775184A (en) * | 2016-08-26 | 2018-03-09 | 劳斯莱斯有限公司 | Friction-welding technique |
| EP3581317A1 (en) * | 2018-06-11 | 2019-12-18 | Rolls-Royce plc | A method of linear friction welding |
| CN109332993A (en) * | 2018-11-15 | 2019-02-15 | 中国航空制造技术研究院 | A kind of welding repair method of thin wall vane structure |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112756769A (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2021-05-07 | 西安理工大学 | Titanium alloy friction welding joint optimization method based on thermal coupling condition |
| CN112756769B (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2022-04-12 | 西安理工大学 | Titanium alloy friction welding joint optimization method based on thermal coupling condition |
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Application publication date: 20200508 |