CN111112143A - Online fiber product identification and sorting device and method - Google Patents
Online fiber product identification and sorting device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111112143A CN111112143A CN201811283245.4A CN201811283245A CN111112143A CN 111112143 A CN111112143 A CN 111112143A CN 201811283245 A CN201811283245 A CN 201811283245A CN 111112143 A CN111112143 A CN 111112143A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
- B07C5/34—Sorting according to other particular properties
- B07C5/342—Sorting according to other particular properties according to optical properties, e.g. colour
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
- B07C5/02—Measures preceding sorting, e.g. arranging articles in a stream orientating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
- B07C5/36—Sorting apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution
- B07C5/363—Sorting apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution by means of air
- B07C5/365—Sorting apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution by means of air using a single separation means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
- B07C5/36—Sorting apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution
- B07C5/38—Collecting or arranging articles in groups
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Abstract
The invention provides a fiber product identification and sorting device and method, and belongs to the technical field of textile machinery. The device includes: the conveying belt and a supporting plate arranged below the conveying belt; a feeding area, a detection area, an information writing area and at least one sorting area are sequentially arranged on the supporting plate from the head end to the tail end; a supporting plate NIR spectrum detection hole is formed in the supporting plate; the conveyor belt is averagely divided into a plurality of placing areas, and each placing area is provided with a conveyor belt NIR spectrum detection hole; when the conveyor belt moves, the center of the conveyor belt NIR spectrum detection hole of each placing area on the conveyor belt can be sequentially overlapped with the center of the NIR spectrum detection hole of the supporting plate on the supporting plate; an NIR spectrometer is arranged below the detection area, a detection head of the NIR spectrometer is arranged in the NIR spectrum detection hole of the supporting plate, and the detection direction is perpendicular to the plane where the supporting plate is located. The invention realizes high-efficiency automatic identification and has no pollution.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of textile machinery, and particularly relates to a device and a method for identifying and sorting fiber products on line.
Background
The Chinese patent publication 'an automatic detection sorting machine for textiles' discloses an automatic sorting device; the Chinese patent publication document 'non-destructive clothing textile fast identification and sorting method' discloses a non-destructive sorting method, which comprises the steps of firstly identifying fiber components of textile clothing by adopting a conventional chemical analysis method, determining the types and the contents of fibers in the clothing, collecting various textiles by combining dyeing and after-finishing processes of clothing fabric, carrying out near infrared spectrum data information collection, and then carrying out pretreatment, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of Savitzky-Golay smoothing, Savitzky-Golay first-order derivatives, differential first-order derivatives, Multivariate Scattering Correction (MSC), standard normal variable transformation (SNV) and baseline correction, then establishing an identification model covering clothing components, weaving types, colors and dyeing and finishing processes by using chemical metrology software through cross validation by adopting a Principal Component Analysis (PCA) method, and realizing rapid and lossless station sorting or conveyer belt on-line sorting of clothing by combining with an industrial automation technology.
The first of the two patents is to sort defective products in textiles, and qualitative analysis of the textiles is not realized, the second patent adopts a principal component analysis method to realize the qualitative analysis of the textiles, and the processing method of original data of a sample is mainly introduced, and accessories and implementation processes of the device are not disclosed.
Foreign countries also have system devices for sorting textiles by using near infrared spectroscopy, such as italian recycled clothing sorting systems, which are mainly configured with: a feeding conveyor belt (the length is 4200mm, the width is 2000mm, the side height is 1000mm, the inclination is 30 degrees, an iron cage loaded with unsorted clothes by a carrying handle with the lifting and unloading functions is lifted and then inclined, the clothes are poured on the conveyor belt, and the conveyor belt is conveyed upwards to a sorting table by the conveyor belt, the load of the conveyor belt reaches 1,000 kilograms), a sorting table and an operating platform (the size of the sorting table is 2750mm, 1000mm and +/-850 mm in length and width, the size of the operating platform is 5100mm and 1550mm in length and 1550mm in width, and the platform is +/-1300 mm from the ground and provided with stairs). The operator controls the conveyer belt through the running-board, conveys the clothing of appropriate amount to the sorting table, as long as step on the footboard, the conveyer belt can start. The operator sends the garments to the detection system, sorting system, motorized control system, HMI and software, linkable to the SQL database, at a rate of about 1.5 seconds per piece. However, the italian sorting system requires manual operation, identifies fewer fiber types, and mostly pure component fibers.
In summary, the existing recovery enterprises mainly rely on manual sorting, and have the disadvantages of low speed and low recognition rate, and cannot meet the requirements of industrial scale production and clustering development. In addition, the chemical method for detecting the components of the textiles conventionally is long in time consumption, high in cost, harmful to the environment due to the discharge of chemical reagents and incapable of meeting the field rapid sorting requirement of the textiles.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art, and provides the device and the method for identifying and sorting the fiber products on line, so that the sorting speed and the identification accuracy are improved, the main components of the fiber products and other fiber products of other categories are identified and sorted on line, the sample sorting is finished by a machine, the sorting process is nondestructive, and the environment is not polluted. Besides the pure component fiber, the device can also identify various blended fibers, such as polyester/cotton, polyester/wool, real silk/cotton and other blended fabrics.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
an online fiber product identification and sorting device, comprising: the conveying belt and a supporting plate arranged below the conveying belt;
a feeding area, a detection area, an information writing area and at least one sorting area are sequentially arranged on the supporting plate from the head end to the tail end;
a supporting plate NIR spectrum detection hole is formed in the supporting plate;
the conveyor belt is averagely divided into a plurality of placing areas, and each placing area is provided with a conveyor belt NIR spectrum detection hole;
when the conveyor belt moves, the center of the conveyor belt NIR spectrum detection hole of each placing area on the conveyor belt can be sequentially overlapped with the center of the NIR spectrum detection hole of the supporting plate on the supporting plate;
an NIR spectrometer is arranged below the detection area, a detection head of the NIR spectrometer is arranged in the NIR spectrum detection hole of the supporting plate, and the detection direction is perpendicular to the plane where the supporting plate is located.
Each placing area on the conveying belt is provided with an NFC communication card, and the NFC communication cards are embedded in the conveying belt and move along with the conveying belt;
NFC readers are fixedly arranged on one side of the information writing area of the supporting plate and one side of each sorting area;
when the conveyor belt moves to the information writing area and each sorting area, each NFC reader-writer communicates with the NFC communication card located in the area on the conveyor belt.
A main control computer is arranged below the detection area;
a raspberry group and an electromagnetic valve are fixedly arranged on one side of each sorting area;
the raspberry pie of each sorting area is respectively connected with a gigabit network concentrator through a network cable, and the gigabit network cable concentrator is connected with a master control computer through the network cable;
the raspberry pie of each sorting area is respectively connected with an NFC reader-writer and an electromagnetic valve;
and the NIR spectrometer is connected with a master control computer through a USB data line.
A material preparing frame is arranged on the outer side of the head end of the supporting plate, and a recycling frame is arranged on the outer side of the tail end of the supporting plate;
a collecting frame is arranged on one side of each sorting area of the supporting plate;
the other side of each sorting area of the supporting plate is provided with a baffle plate, and the baffle plates correspond to the collecting frames one by one;
the baffle plate of each separation area is provided with a blowing and separating hole, and a gas blowing and separating nozzle is arranged in each blowing and separating hole;
an air compressor is arranged below the separation area;
each gas blowing nozzle is respectively connected with an air compressor.
Preferably, a photosensor is installed at the detection area, the photosensor including: the zero position in-place correlation optical coupler, the detection in-place correlation optical coupler and the cloth in-place correlation optical coupler are arranged in the same plane;
the zero-position in-place correlation optical coupler is embedded on one side of the detection area of the supporting plate; a zero triggering hole is formed in the conveyor belt;
the in-place detection correlation optocoupler is arranged in the NIR spectrum detection hole of the supporting plate;
the cloth in-place opposite-incidence optocoupler is characterized in that the transmitting end of the cloth in-place opposite-incidence optocoupler is arranged at the central position of one side of the detection area, and the receiving end of the cloth in-place opposite-incidence optocoupler is arranged at the central position of the other side of the detection area;
the light path of the zero position in-place correlation optical coupler and the light path of the detection in-place correlation optical coupler are vertical to the plane where the supporting plate is located;
the light path of the cloth in-place opposite-incidence optocoupler is parallel to the plane where the supporting plate is located;
when the conveyor belt moves, when the zero position trigger hole reaches the zero position in-place opposite-incidence optocoupler, a zero position in-place synchronous pulse signal is triggered; when the NIR spectrum detection holes of each conveyor belt reach the detection in-place opposite-emitting optocoupler, triggering a detection in-place synchronous pulse signal; when the fiber product to be sorted reaches the cloth in-place opposite emission optocoupler, triggering a cloth in-place synchronous pulse signal;
the zero-position in-place correlation optical coupler, the detection in-place correlation optical coupler and the cloth in-place correlation optical coupler are respectively connected with an AD acquisition card; the AD acquisition card is connected with a master control computer through a USB data line.
The two ends of the supporting plate are respectively provided with a roller, and the conveying belt rotates around the supporting plate through the rollers at the two ends of the supporting plate;
the bracket NIR spectrum detection hole is formed in the center of the detection area;
the distances between the NIR spectrum detection holes of two adjacent conveyor belts on the conveyor belts are equal;
n sorting areas are arranged on the supporting plate, namely a first sorting area, a second sorting area and an Nth sorting area in sequence;
preferably, the NIR spectrum detection hole of the conveyor belt is an elliptical hole, and the length of the long axis of the ellipse is determined according to the pulse width of the NIR spectrometer.
The fiber product online identification and sorting method realized by the fiber product online identification and sorting device comprises the following steps:
step 1, establishing an analysis model by using an NIR spectrometer, wherein the output of the analysis model is N +1 classification numbers which are respectively 0 to N;
and 5, the conveyor belt carries each fiber product to be sorted to sequentially reach each sorting area, the sorting areas sort the fiber products to be sorted according to the classification numbers stored in the NFC communication card positioned on the sorting areas, the fiber products to be sorted with the classification numbers not being 0 are blown into the collecting frames corresponding to the classification numbers, and the fiber products to be sorted with the classification numbers being 0 fall into the recycling frames.
The operation in the step 1 comprises the following steps:
collecting an NIR spectrogram of a fiber product with a known classification number by using an NIR spectrometer, and then establishing an analysis model by using a neural network algorithm;
the input of the analysis model is an NIR spectrogram of the fiber product, and the output of the analysis model is a classification number of the fiber product;
the classification numbers 1 to N correspond to one fiber class or content class, respectively.
The operation of obtaining the classification number of each fiber product to be sorted by using the analysis model in the step 3 comprises:
after a zero-position in-place synchronous pulse signal, an in-place synchronous pulse signal and a material distribution in-place synchronous pulse signal are detected at the same time, an NIR spectrometer collects an NIR spectrogram of the fiber product to be sorted on a detection position;
and inputting the NIR spectrogram acquired by the NIR spectrometer into an analysis model, judging whether the type of the fiber product to be sorted is one of 1 to N by the analysis model, if so, outputting the classification number of the fiber product to be sorted, and if not, outputting 0.
The operation of step 5 comprises:
the following operations are carried out in the 1 st sorting area to the N-1 st sorting area: when a fiber product to be sorted reaches the sorting area, the NFC reader-writer of the sorting area reads the sorting number in the NFC communication card of the placing position where the fiber product to be sorted is located, and then sends the sorting number to the raspberry group of the sorting area; the raspberry pie of the sorting area compares the received sorting number with the stored sorting number, if the two sorting numbers are consistent, the raspberry pie of the sorting area controls the electromagnetic valve of the sorting area to be opened, and the fiber product to be sorted in the sorting area is blown into a collecting frame corresponding to the sorting area; if the two are not consistent, the raspberry pies in the sorting area do not act, and the fiber product to be sorted reaches the next sorting area along with the conveyor belt;
when a fiber product to be sorted reaches the Nth sorting area, the NFC reader-writer of the Nth sorting area reads the classification number in the NFC communication card of the placement position where the fiber product to be sorted is located, and then the classification number is sent to the raspberry group of the Nth sorting area; the raspberry pie of the Nth sorting area compares the received sorting number with the stored sorting number, and if the two sorting numbers are consistent, the raspberry pie of the Nth sorting area controls an electromagnetic valve of the Nth sorting area to be opened, and the fiber product to be sorted is blown into an Nth collecting frame; if the fiber products are inconsistent, the raspberry pies in the Nth sorting area do not act, and the fiber products to be sorted fall into a recycling frame.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) in the one-stop sorting process, sorting is finished by a machine after detection, so that the recognition accuracy is high, and the problem of high manual sorting error rate is solved;
(2) no chemical reagent is used in the whole process, so that the method is pollution-free and environment-friendly;
(3) automatic recognition sorting is efficient, 30 pieces can be processed in one minute under the normal operation condition, and more than ten thousand pieces can be processed in eight hours each day.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a top view of the apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the detection zone of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of the steps of the method of the present invention;
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
the invention adopts near infrared recognition technology and artificial neural network algorithm to realize the on-line recognition and sorting of the main components of the fiber products, and the predicted sorting speed is 30 pieces/minute. When the artificial neural network algorithm is used, the NIR spectrogram of the fiber product is used as the input of the neural network, the classification number of the fiber product is used as the output of the neural network, the neural network is trained by utilizing the fiber product of a known type (namely, the known classification number) to obtain a trained neural network, namely, an analysis model, then the NIR spectrogram of the fiber product to be sorted is input into the analysis model, and the output of the analysis model is the classification number of the fiber product to be sorted. The artificial neural network of the present invention may adopt various existing neural network algorithms, for example, a convolutional network algorithm in the patent with the application number of 201810810843.6, and the specific neural network algorithm is not described in detail in the present invention.
FIG. 1 is a top view of the apparatus of the present invention, comprising a preparation frame 1, a first collection frame 2, a second collection frame 3, a third collection frame 4, a fourth collection frame 5 and a recovery frame 6; the bottom of the material preparation frame 1, the bottom of the collection frame 2, the bottom of the collection frame 3, the bottom of the collection frame 4, the bottom of the recovery frame 5 and the bottom of the whole sorting device are respectively provided with a metal support, and the bottom end of each support is provided with a pulley, so that the movement is convenient.
The material preparing frame 1 and the recovering frame 6 are respectively positioned at two ends of the equipment, a rubber conveying belt is arranged between the material preparing frame 1 and the recovering frame 6, a quadrilateral area abcd in figure 1 represents an area with the rubber conveying belt, a stainless steel supporting plate is arranged below the rubber conveying belt, and the stainless steel supporting plate is fixedly arranged, does not move along with the conveying belt and covers the whole quadrilateral area abcd in figure 1.
A feeding area (corresponding to the position of the first rectangle in fig. 1), a detection area (corresponding to the position of the second rectangle in fig. 1), an information writing area (corresponding to the position of the third rectangle in fig. 1), an information writing area (corresponding to the position of the fourth rectangle in fig. 1, i.e., the position of the first collection frame 2), a second sorting area (corresponding to the position of the fifth rectangle in fig. 1, i.e., the position of the second collection frame 3), a third sorting area (corresponding to the position of the sixth rectangle in fig. 1, i.e., the position of the third collection frame 4), and a fourth sorting area (corresponding to the position of the seventh rectangle in fig. 1) are sequentially arranged on the stainless steel pallet from the head end (i.e., the end near the stock frame 1, the left end in fig. 1) to the tail end (i.e., the end near the collection frame 6, the right end in fig. 1), i.e. the position corresponding to the fourth collecting frame 5), 4 sorting areas are adopted in this embodiment, and in actual use, the number of sorting areas may be set as required, which may be more than or less than 4.
Be provided with the metal gyro wheel respectively at the both ends of stainless steel layer board for drive the conveyer belt and remove, during the conveyer belt was rotatory, rotated the below of layer board from the top of stainless steel layer board in proper order, rotated the top of layer board again from the below of layer board, also namely passed through material loading district, detection zone, information write in district and each sorting district in proper order, then got back to the material loading district again, so relapse.
An NIR spectrometer and a main control computer (the area marked by a cylinder in fig. 1, the cylinder in fig. 1 is drawn for showing the installation position and does not exist actually) are installed below the detection area, and the NIR spectrometer is used for collecting an NIR spectrogram of a cloth sample. The NIR spectrometer can be implemented by various commercially-available array NIR spectrum detectors.
NIR spectrum detection holes are formed in the conveying belt and the supporting plate. Only one supporting plate NIR spectrum detection hole (as shown in figure 2) is formed in the detection area on the supporting plate, the supporting plate NIR spectrum detection hole is circular, elliptical or in other shapes, the detection head 11 of the NIR spectrometer is arranged in the supporting plate NIR spectrum detection hole, the detection direction is upward (because the NIR spectrometer adopts diffuse reflection scanning, the light emission end and the light receiving end are both in the detection head), and light emitted by the NIR spectrometer passes through the supporting plate NIR spectrum detection hole.
The whole circle of the conveyor belt is averagely divided into a plurality of placing positions, a conveyor belt NIR spectrum detection hole 8 (shown in figure 2) is formed in the middle of each placing position, the conveyor belt NIR spectrum detection hole 8 can be in any shape, and can be round, square or rectangular, preferably oval, and the length of the long axis of the oval is determined according to the pulse width of an NIR spectrometer, so that the time for the detector head to scan the spectrum can be prolonged, the processing is easy, and the damage to the strength of the conveyor belt is smaller.
The 7 rectangular areas in fig. 1 on the conveyor belt correspond to 7 placement positions of the conveyor belt, in this embodiment, every 70cm × 67.6cm area on the whole conveyor belt in fig. 1 constitutes one placement position, 7 placement positions are shown in fig. 1, the other placement positions are located below the pallet, and when the conveyor belt rotates, the other placement positions located below the pallet are sequentially located above the pallet along with the rotation of the conveyor belt. The oval portion located in the center of the 7 rectangular areas in fig. 1 represents the conveyor belt NIR spectrum detection hole 8, the distance between the conveyor belt NIR spectrum detection holes 8 between two adjacent placing positions is 0.7m, so that when each placing position moves to the detection region, the conveyor belt NIR spectrum detection hole 8 on the conveyor belt can be overlapped with the pallet NIR spectrum detection hole on the pallet, the light emitted by the detection head of the NIR spectrometer can pass through the conveyor belt NIR spectrum detection hole, and the reflected light can also pass through the conveyor belt NIR spectrum detection hole and then be received by the detection head.
Each placing position on the conveying belt is provided with an NFC communication card 9 (as shown in fig. 2), all the NFC communication cards 9 are embedded on the conveying belt and move along with the conveying belt, and the NFC communication cards are represented by black solid small circles at the lower right corner of each rectangle in fig. 1.
And the information writing area and each sorting area are respectively provided with a wireless communication equipment NFC reader-writer for writing and reading the NFC communication cards on the conveyor belt, and the NFC reader-writer in each area is respectively communicated with the NFC communication cards in the area. All NFC readers are fixedly arranged on one side of the rectangular area and do not move along with the conveying belt. Specifically, in this embodiment, the 5 small ellipses at the lower left corner of the last 5 rectangular regions in fig. 1 represent the NFC reader. Specifically, the NFC reader/writer in the information writing area is configured to write the classification number of the fiber product to be sorted into the NFC communication card of the conveyor belt located on the information writing area at this time, and during rotation of the conveyor belt, the NFC reader/writer in each sorting area reads data in the NFC communication card located on the conveyor belt in each sorting area.
Further, in order to realize synchronous control of detection, a photosensor is installed in the detection area, and the photosensor includes: the zero-position in-place correlation optical coupler, the in-place detection correlation optical coupler and the cloth in-place correlation optical coupler have the functions of generating three synchronous photoelectric pulses through the 3 optical couplers and coordinating the spectrometer to perform synchronous spectrum collection. An enlarged view of the detection area is shown in fig. 2, a receiving end e of the cloth in-place opposite-incidence optocoupler is arranged at the central position of one side of the detection area, a transmitting end f of the cloth in-place opposite-incidence optocoupler is arranged at the central position of the other side of the detection area, and a light path of the cloth in-place opposite-incidence optocoupler is parallel to a plane where the supporting plate is located; a zero-position in-place correlation optical coupler 10 is embedded and installed on one side of a detection area of the supporting plate, and an in-place detection correlation optical coupler 7 is installed in an NIR spectrum detection hole of the supporting plate. And the light path of the zero position in-place correlation optical coupler and the light path of the detection in-place correlation optical coupler are vertical to the plane where the supporting plate is located. In order to be matched with the zero-position-in-place correlation optocoupler, a zero-position trigger hole g is formed in the conveying belt and is located at one side edge of the conveying belt. The transmitting end and the receiving end of the zero-position in-place correlation optocoupler can be arranged at the same position or opposite positions, if the transmitting end and the receiving end are arranged at the same position, light emitted by the transmitting end hits on the conveying belt before the zero-position trigger hole g reaches the zero-position in-place correlation optocoupler, the light is reflected back by the conveying belt and then is received by the receiving end at the same position, no zero-position synchronous pulse signal is generated, when the zero-position trigger hole g reaches the position of the zero-position in-place correlation optocoupler, the light emitted by the transmitting end passes through the zero-position trigger hole, the light is not reflected back, the receiving end cannot receive the signal, the zero-position synchronous pulse signal is generated at the moment, or the receiving end is arranged at the position above the conveying belt opposite to the transmitting end, and before the zero-position trigger hole reaches the zero-position in-place correlation optoco, and when the zero triggering hole reaches the zero-position-in-place correlation optocoupler, light emitted by the emitting end reaches the receiving end through the zero triggering hole to generate a zero synchronization pulse signal. Because only one zero triggering hole g is arranged, only one zero synchronous pulse signal is generated every time the conveyor belt rotates for one full circle, and when the zero triggering hole g reaches the zero-in-place opposite-emitting optocoupler for the second time, a second zero pulse is generated. The setting principle of the in-place detection correlation optical coupler is the same as that of the zero-position in-place correlation optical coupler, the transmitting end and the receiving end can be arranged at the same position, the transmitting end and the receiving end can also be arranged at the opposite positions, only the light rays emitted by the in-place correlation optical coupler penetrate through the NIR spectrum detection hole 8 of the conveying belt, and how to set the two correlation optical couplers can be adjusted according to actual working conditions.
The supporting plate NIR spectrum detection hole is formed in the center of the detection area. The sorting machine frame is arranged above the detection area and used for installing a photoelectric recognition detection device (an indirect emitting optical coupler in place with a zero position, an indirect emitting optical coupler in place for detection, an indirect emitting optical coupler in place for cloth and the like are connected to display the recognition results of the three indirect emitting optical couplers), an electronic control system and the like, a touch display screen is arranged on one side facing an operator and connected with a master control computer, and the touch display screen of the operator can be used for parameter adjustment and control device operation.
The invention realizes synchronous spectrum acquisition by using synchronous photoelectric pulses generated by three opposite-emitting optocouplers, and specifically comprises the following steps:
1. zero synchronization pulse signal:
the rubber conveyor belt is used as a conveying carrier of the fiber product, the whole conveyor belt is in a circulating working mode, and the method is repeated in cycles, and the articles are conveyed in a circulating mode under the driving of the motor. In order to ensure the identification effect, the support plate is matched with a computer to work synchronously, a zero-position in-place correlation optical coupler is particularly arranged in the support plate, a zero-position trigger hole g is arranged on the conveying belt, the zero-position trigger hole g moves along with the conveying belt when the conveying belt runs, a zero-position synchronous pulse signal is generated each time when the zero-position trigger hole g passes through the zero-position in-place correlation optical coupler, and when the pulse occurs, the NIR spectrum detection hole of the first conveying belt on the conveying belt of the computer is informed to enter a working state. Because the edge position of the conveyor belt is only provided with a zero position triggering hole, when the conveyor belt circulates for one week, a zero position in-place pulse signal is generated once, and a computer can coordinate and plan the working time sequence of the conveyor belt according to the occurrence of the pulse signal.
2. Detecting the in-place synchronization pulse signal:
in order to guarantee the spectrum identification effect of sorting, certain intervals are necessary when the fiber products are placed on the conveyor belt, and misjudgment caused by boundary building of two articles is prevented. In order to ensure the distance, a series of oval detection holes are formed on the conveyor belt at equal intervals, and the fiber product must be covered on the oval detection holes when being placed. Meanwhile, the in-place detection correlation optocoupler generates a group of in-place detection synchronous pulse signals by utilizing a series of elliptical holes, the width of the in-place detection synchronous pulse signals is consistent with the length of the long axis of the elliptical holes, and the computer utilizes the pulse signal synchronous spectrometer to carry out spectrum acquisition, so that effective information acquired by the spectrometer is ensured to be fiber product information covered on the elliptical holes.
3. Cloth in-place synchronization pulse signal:
when the spectral information of the fiber product is collected, the situation that the fiber product is not placed may occur, and if the computer is not informed in time, the state of collecting the empty message by the spectrometer can occur. In order to improve the working efficiency of the system, a cloth in-place correlation optical coupler is arranged, and generates cloth in-place synchronous pulse signals to a computer. When a fiber product is on the conveyor belt, a cloth in-place synchronous pulse signal is generated by the cloth in-place opposite-emitting optical coupler, and the computer controls the spectrometer to collect the fiber product information. When no fiber product is placed, no cloth in-place synchronous pulse signal is generated, and the computer does not receive the cloth in-place synchronous pulse signal, the spectrometer acquisition program is not started, and other processing work is carried out, so that the working efficiency is greatly improved.
To ensure that useful information is collected, NIR spectral collection of the sample is only performed when all three simultaneous pulse signals are generated. When no cloth passes through, the zero synchronous pulse signal and the in-place detection synchronous pulse signal are generated by triggering of the conveyor belt, so that the zero synchronous pulse signal and the in-place detection synchronous pulse signal are not influenced, but the near-infrared spectrometer does not work because no cloth in-place synchronous pulse signal exists.
In one cycle, a cycle detection period begins when the computer detects the zero-level sync pulse signal. And after receiving the in-place detection synchronous pulse signal and the cloth in-place synchronous pulse signal, the computer acquires an NIR spectrogram of the fiber product, and the light generated by the NIR spectrometer passes through the NIR spectrum detection hole of the conveyor belt to acquire the NIR spectrogram of the fiber product on the conveyor belt in the detection area, so that the effective information acquired by the spectrometer is the information of the fiber product covered on the NIR spectrum detection hole of the conveyor belt.
When the collection of the NIR spectrogram of the fiber product is finished in the detection area, the master control computer inputs the NIR spectrogram of the fiber product into a trained artificial neural network (namely an analysis model), the artificial neural network judges the NIR spectrogram of the fiber product and outputs the classification number of the fiber product, when the fiber product moves to the information writing area along with the conveyor belt, an NFC reader-writer in the information writing area writes the classification number of the fiber product into an NFC communication card of a placing position where the fiber product is located, the classification number belongs to one of the classification numbers of 4 sorting areas, namely when the scanned sample type belongs to one of the sample types corresponding to the 4 sorting areas, the classification number is the sorting area number, for example, if the classification number of the fiber product is 1, the classification number corresponds to a first sorting area, and if the classification number of the fiber product is 2, the classification number corresponds to a second sorting area, and so on. If the fibre product does not belong to one of the class numbers of the 4 sorting zones, the number of the fibre product is 0.
In order to sort out the fiber products with determined classification numbers, each separation area is provided with a gas blowing and separating nozzle, which comprises the following specific steps: the edge part of the rack on the other side opposite to each collecting frame is provided with a protective plate, each protective plate is provided with a hole, and each hole is internally provided with a gas blowing and separating nozzle which corresponds to the centers of four separating areas respectively as shown by four triangles in figure 1. The 4 gas blowing and separating nozzles are connected with a small-sized mute air compressor through air pipes, and fiber products to be separated are blown and separated according to control requirements.
When the fiber product reaches the first sorting area along with the conveyor belt, the NFC reader-writer of the first sorting area reads the classification number in the NFC communication card on the placement position where the fiber product is located, judges whether the classification number is consistent with the classification number of the fiber product in the first sorting area, executes a purging action if the classification number is consistent with the classification number of the fiber product in the first sorting area, and does not perform any treatment if the classification number is inconsistent with the classification number. The method is realized by arranging independent raspberry groups and electromagnetic valves in each sorting area:
three kinds of correlation optical couplers in the detection area input pulse information to an AD acquisition card through three ports respectively; the AD acquisition card is connected with a master control computer through a USB data line;
each sorting area is provided with a raspberry group, each raspberry group is connected with a gigabit network hub through a network cable, and the gigabit network cable hub is connected with a master control computer through the network cable;
each sorting area is provided with an NFC reader-writer (also called an NFC read-write module) and an electromagnetic valve, each raspberry group is respectively connected with one NFC reader-writer and one electromagnetic valve, the NFC reader-writer of each sorting area is communicated with the raspberry group of the sorting area, and each electromagnetic valve is communicated with the raspberry group of the sorting area; if the classification number in the NFC communication card read by the NFC reader-writer is consistent with that of the raspberry group, controlling an electromagnetic valve connected with the NFC communication card to execute action, otherwise, not executing the action;
the NIR spectrometer and the master control computer are also connected through a USB data line.
The device can realize the type sorting and different content sorting of fiber products, also can realize modularization, and can be expanded under the condition that the space condition allows. That is, the collecting frame 6 in fig. 1 is removed, and the same device shown in fig. 1 with the material preparing frame 1 removed is connected to the position, when the sample in the material preparing frame 1 does not belong to the former four types, the sample can enter the corresponding 7 regions in the back through the conveyor belt, and the NIR spectrogram and the NFC recognition of the sample are collected again, so that the fabric sorting is completed.
The working principle of the device is shown in fig. 3, and the specific steps are as follows:
step 1, establishing an analysis model by using an NIR spectrometer: the method comprises the steps of firstly collecting an NIR spectrogram of a known type of fiber product by an NIR spectrometer, then establishing an analysis model in a computer by utilizing a neural network algorithm, wherein the analysis model is a one-to-one correspondence relationship between the NIR spectrogram of the fiber product and the fiber type or content, the NIR spectrogram of the fiber product to be sorted is input into the analysis model, the NIR spectrogram of the fiber product to be sorted is output as a classification number of the fiber product to be sorted, and each classification number corresponds to one fiber type or content type. The embodiment comprises 4 types of sorting positions, and the 4 collecting frames from the first collecting frame 2 to the fourth collecting frame 5 are respectively corresponding to 4 types of fiber products with different types or contents;
and 2, after the analysis model is started, the main control computer distributes the classification number in the analysis model to each raspberry group, each raspberry group stores the received classification number, for example, the classification number 1 is sent to the raspberry group 1#, the classification number 2 is sent to the raspberry group 2#, and by analogy, under the condition that the analysis model is not changed, in the subsequent working process, each raspberry group and the main control computer do not perform any data interaction any more.
And step 3, after the starting operation is stable, the parameters can be adjusted through a touch display screen on the bridge. The fiber products to be sorted are placed in the material preparation frame 1, the fiber products to be sorted are sequentially placed on a conveying belt of a feeding area by an operator, the conveying belt rotates, the conveying belt carries the fiber products to be sorted to pass through a detection area from left to right, NIR spectrograms of the fiber products to be sorted are collected in the detection area, namely, a main control computer controls an NIR spectrometer to obtain a diffuse reflection NIR absorbance spectrogram (namely an NIR spectrogram) of the fiber products to be sorted, and then the classification serial numbers of the current fiber products to be sorted are obtained by associating the NIR spectrometer and utilizing an established analysis model.
The operation of obtaining the classification number of the current fiber product by using the established analysis model comprises the following steps:
the 4 collecting frames from the first collecting frame 2 to the fourth collecting frame 5 can be used for sorting 4 different fabric categories, and can also be used for sorting fabrics with different content categories, and the sorting can be qualitative or quantitative, and can be freely set by an operator. And after 4 types of category numbers are set according to the analysis model, judging whether the fiber product to be sorted is one of the category numbers, if so, the category number of the fiber product to be sorted is one of corresponding 1 to 4, and if not, the category number is 0.
If the fiber product to be sorted does not meet the existing 4-sorting condition in the model, namely the classification number of the current fiber product is 0, all the electromagnetic valves are closed all the time, the gas blowing and sorting nozzle does not execute a blowing instruction, and the fiber product to be sorted enters the recovery frame 6. After the same placing area on the conveying belt passes through the detection area again, the NFC reader-writer in the information writing area can write new classification numbers into the NFC communication card to cover the original classification numbers.
For example, if the NIR spectrometer is used to detect that the classification number of the fiber product to be sorted is 2, the number written on the NFC communication card on the placement position of the conveyor belt where the fiber product is located is 2, when the NFC communication card moves to the first sorting area, the NFC reader-writer of the first sorting area reads 2, the classification number is different from the classification number stored in the raspberry group 1# of the first sorting area, the first sorting area is not processed, when the NFC reader-writer moves to the second sorting area, the NFC reader-writer of the second sorting area reads 2, the classification number is the same as the classification number stored in the raspberry group 2# of the second sorting area, the raspberry group 2# starts the electromagnetic valve 2#, the fiber product is purged, and then the conveyor belt continues to the third and fourth sorting areas, and continuously circulates.
The specific parameters of the device in the embodiment of the invention are as follows:
1. the speed of the rubber conveyor belt can be adjusted to 0.1-1 m/s, and 4 collecting frames and 1 recycling frame are metal baskets with wheels, the length of the metal baskets is 0.6m, and the width of the metal baskets is 0.4 m;
2. the rubber conveyor belt is provided with oval spectrum detection holes, and the distance between every two adjacent detection holes is 0.7 m;
3. the distance between the four air blowing nozzles is 0.7m, and a small-sized mute air compressor is matched;
4. the sorting machine frame is located in the detection area and is provided with a touch display screen and a control system installation position.
By considering the operation factors of actual instruments and the operation factors of a manual feeding part, 30 pieces can be recognized per minute on average by using the device, and more than fourteen thousand pieces can be processed by calculating according to 8 hours every day, so that the production efficiency is greatly improved, and the labor cost is reduced. The sorting system can identify common pure spinning fibers such as cotton, wool, terylene, viscose, chinlon, acrylic fiber and real silk according to the embedded model, and can also identify blended fibers such as terylene/cotton blended fiber, terylene/wool blended fiber, terylene/nylon blended fiber, real silk/cotton blended fiber and the like.
The invention solves the problem of the current domestic textile sorting condition and can fill the blank that no on-line instrument sorting technology exists in the current domestic textile recycling industry; the on-line identification and sorting of the main components (pure polyester fiber products) of the fiber products and other fiber products in other categories are realized through the integral device, only the model needs to be introduced in advance, and the sample sorting is completed by equipment without manual operation; the rapid nondestructive detection sorting is realized, no pollution is caused, and the difficult problem of rapid nondestructive sorting of the textile recovery field can be effectively solved.
The above-described embodiment is only one embodiment of the present invention, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be easily made based on the application and principle of the present invention disclosed in the present application, and the present invention is not limited to the method described in the above-described embodiment of the present invention, so that the above-described embodiment is only preferred, and not restrictive.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a fibre goods on-line identification and sorting device which characterized in that: the online fiber product identifying and sorting device comprises: the conveying belt and a supporting plate arranged below the conveying belt;
a feeding area, a detection area, an information writing area and at least one sorting area are sequentially arranged on the supporting plate from the head end to the tail end;
a supporting plate NIR spectrum detection hole is formed in the supporting plate;
the conveyor belt is averagely divided into a plurality of placing areas, and each placing area is provided with a conveyor belt NIR spectrum detection hole;
when the conveyor belt moves, the center of the conveyor belt NIR spectrum detection hole of each placing area on the conveyor belt can be sequentially overlapped with the center of the NIR spectrum detection hole of the supporting plate on the supporting plate;
an NIR spectrometer is arranged below the detection area, a detection head of the NIR spectrometer is arranged in the NIR spectrum detection hole of the supporting plate, and the detection direction is perpendicular to the plane where the supporting plate is located.
2. The on-line identification and sorting device for fiber products according to claim 1, wherein: each placing area on the conveying belt is provided with an NFC communication card, and the NFC communication cards are embedded in the conveying belt and move along with the conveying belt;
NFC readers are fixedly arranged on one side of the information writing area of the supporting plate and one side of each sorting area;
when the conveyor belt moves to the information writing area and each sorting area, each NFC reader-writer communicates with the NFC communication card located in the area on the conveyor belt.
3. The on-line identification and sorting device for fiber products according to claim 2, wherein: a main control computer is arranged below the detection area;
a raspberry group and an electromagnetic valve are fixedly arranged on one side of each sorting area;
the raspberry pie of each sorting area is respectively connected with a gigabit network concentrator through a network cable, and the gigabit network cable concentrator is connected with a master control computer through the network cable;
the raspberry pie of each sorting area is respectively connected with an NFC reader-writer and an electromagnetic valve;
and the NIR spectrometer is connected with a master control computer through a USB data line.
4. The on-line identification and sorting device for fiber products according to claim 3, wherein: a material preparing frame is arranged on the outer side of the head end of the supporting plate, and a recycling frame is arranged on the outer side of the tail end of the supporting plate;
a collecting frame is arranged on one side of each sorting area of the supporting plate;
the other side of each sorting area of the supporting plate is provided with a baffle plate, and the baffle plates correspond to the collecting frames one by one;
the baffle plate of each separation area is provided with a blowing and separating hole, and a gas blowing and separating nozzle is arranged in each blowing and separating hole;
an air compressor is arranged below the separation area;
each gas blowing nozzle is respectively connected with an air compressor.
5. The on-line identification and sorting device for fiber products according to claim 4, wherein: a photosensor is installed at the detection area, the photosensor includes: the zero position in-place correlation optical coupler, the detection in-place correlation optical coupler and the cloth in-place correlation optical coupler are arranged in the same plane;
the zero-position in-place correlation optical coupler is embedded on one side of the detection area of the supporting plate; a zero triggering hole is formed in the conveyor belt;
the in-place detection correlation optocoupler is arranged in the NIR spectrum detection hole of the supporting plate;
the cloth in-place opposite-incidence optocoupler is characterized in that the transmitting end of the cloth in-place opposite-incidence optocoupler is arranged at the central position of one side of the detection area, and the receiving end of the cloth in-place opposite-incidence optocoupler is arranged at the central position of the other side of the detection area;
the light path of the zero position in-place correlation optical coupler and the light path of the detection in-place correlation optical coupler are vertical to the plane where the supporting plate is located;
the light path of the cloth in-place opposite-incidence optocoupler is parallel to the plane where the supporting plate is located;
when the conveyor belt moves, when the zero position trigger hole reaches the zero position in-place opposite-incidence optocoupler, a zero position in-place synchronous pulse signal is triggered; when the NIR spectrum detection holes of each conveyor belt reach the detection in-place opposite-emitting optocoupler, triggering a detection in-place synchronous pulse signal; when the fiber product to be sorted reaches the cloth in-place opposite emission optocoupler, triggering a cloth in-place synchronous pulse signal;
the zero-position in-place correlation optical coupler, the detection in-place correlation optical coupler and the cloth in-place correlation optical coupler are respectively connected with an AD acquisition card; the AD acquisition card is connected with a master control computer through a USB data line.
6. The on-line identification and sorting device for fiber products according to claim 5, wherein: the two ends of the supporting plate are respectively provided with a roller, and the conveying belt rotates around the supporting plate through the rollers at the two ends of the supporting plate;
the bracket NIR spectrum detection hole is formed in the center of the detection area;
the distances between the NIR spectrum detection holes of two adjacent conveyor belts on the conveyor belts are equal;
n sorting areas are arranged on the supporting plate, namely a first sorting area, a second sorting area and an Nth sorting area in sequence;
the NIR spectrum detection hole of the conveyor belt is an elliptical hole, and the length of the long axis of the ellipse is determined according to the pulse width of the NIR spectrometer.
7. An on-line identification and sorting method for fiber products by using the on-line identification and sorting device for fiber products of any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
step 1, establishing an analysis model by using an NIR spectrometer, wherein the output of the analysis model is N +1 classification numbers which are respectively 0 to N;
step 2, distributing 1 to N of the classification numbers output by the analysis model to each raspberry group, storing the received classification numbers by each raspberry group, and enabling each raspberry group to correspond to a different classification number;
step 3, starting a conveyor belt, sequentially placing the fiber products to be sorted on the conveyor belt positioned in the feeding area, enabling the conveyor belt to carry each fiber product to be sorted to sequentially reach a detection area, sequentially acquiring an NIR spectrogram of each fiber product to be sorted by using an NIR spectrometer in the detection area, and sequentially obtaining the classification number of each fiber product to be sorted by using the analysis model;
step 4, the conveying belt carries the fiber products to be sorted to sequentially reach an information writing area, and an NFC reader-writer of the information writing area stores an NIR spectrogram and classification numbers of the fiber products to be sorted into an NFC communication card of a placement position where the fiber products to be sorted are located;
and 5, the conveyor belt carries each fiber product to be sorted to sequentially reach each sorting area, the sorting areas sort the fiber products to be sorted according to the classification numbers stored in the NFC communication card positioned on the sorting areas, the fiber products to be sorted with the classification numbers not being 0 are blown into the collecting frames corresponding to the classification numbers, and the fiber products to be sorted with the classification numbers being 0 fall into the recycling frames.
8. The method for identifying and sorting fiber products on line according to claim 7, wherein: the operation in the step 1 comprises the following steps:
collecting an NIR spectrogram of a fiber product with a known classification number by using an NIR spectrometer, and then establishing an analysis model by using a neural network algorithm;
the input of the analysis model is an NIR spectrogram of the fiber product, and the output of the analysis model is a classification number of the fiber product;
the classification numbers 1 to N correspond to one fiber class or content class, respectively.
9. The method for identifying and sorting fiber products on line according to claim 8, wherein: the operation of obtaining the classification number of each fiber product to be sorted by using the analysis model in the step 3 comprises:
after a zero-position in-place synchronous pulse signal, an in-place synchronous pulse signal and a material distribution in-place synchronous pulse signal are detected at the same time, an NIR spectrometer collects an NIR spectrogram of the fiber product to be sorted on a detection position;
and inputting the NIR spectrogram acquired by the NIR spectrometer into an analysis model, judging whether the type of the fiber product to be sorted is one of 1 to N by the analysis model, if so, outputting the classification number of the fiber product to be sorted, and if not, outputting 0.
10. The method for identifying and sorting fiber products on line according to claim 9, wherein: the operation of step 5 comprises:
the following operations are carried out in the 1 st sorting area to the N-1 st sorting area: when a fiber product to be sorted reaches the sorting area, the NFC reader-writer of the sorting area reads the sorting number in the NFC communication card of the placing position where the fiber product to be sorted is located, and then sends the sorting number to the raspberry group of the sorting area; the raspberry pie of the sorting area compares the received sorting number with the stored sorting number, if the two sorting numbers are consistent, the raspberry pie of the sorting area controls the electromagnetic valve of the sorting area to be opened, and the fiber product to be sorted in the sorting area is blown into a collecting frame corresponding to the sorting area; if the two are not consistent, the raspberry pies in the sorting area do not act, and the fiber product to be sorted reaches the next sorting area along with the conveyor belt;
when a fiber product to be sorted reaches the Nth sorting area, the NFC reader-writer of the Nth sorting area reads the classification number in the NFC communication card of the placement position where the fiber product to be sorted is located, and then the classification number is sent to the raspberry group of the Nth sorting area; the raspberry pie of the Nth sorting area compares the received sorting number with the stored sorting number, and if the two sorting numbers are consistent, the raspberry pie of the Nth sorting area controls an electromagnetic valve of the Nth sorting area to be opened, and the fiber product to be sorted is blown into an Nth collecting frame; if the fiber products are inconsistent, the raspberry pies in the Nth sorting area do not act, and the fiber products to be sorted fall into a recycling frame.
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